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Structures which transmit force and signals between a cell and the extracellular matrix
Focal adhesions (FAs) also cell–matrix adhesions are large multiprotein complexes through which mechanical force and regulatory signals are transmitted
Focal_adhesion
Protein-coding gene in humans
(PTK2), also known as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the PTK2 gene. PTK2 is a focal adhesion-associated protein
PTK2
Contractile actin bundles found in non-muscle cells
cell-ECM adhesion, such as the formation of adherens junctions, tight junctions and focal adhesions. Adherens junctions are a type of cell-cell adhesion structure
Stress_fiber
Protein domain
and cell biology, the focal adhesion targeting domain is a conserved protein domain that was first identified in focal adhesion kinase (FAK), also known
Focal adhesion targeting region
Focal_adhesion_targeting_region
Structural support for biological cells
bind to components of the extracellular matrix. Cell adhesion can occur in two ways; by focal adhesions, connecting the ECM to actin filaments of the cell
Extracellular_matrix
Process of cell attachment
Cell adhesion is the process by which cells interact and attach to neighbouring cells through specialised molecules of the cell surface. This process can
Cell_adhesion
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Schlaepfer DD, Huang XZ, et al. (April 2002). "Src-mediated coupling of focal adhesion kinase to integrin alpha(v)beta5 in vascular endothelial growth factor
Integrin_beta_3
Transmembrane receptors involved in cellular adhesion and signalling
transmembrane receptors that help cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. Upon ligand binding, integrins activate signal transduction pathways that
Integrin
Protein found in humans
that in humans is encoded by the PXN gene. Paxillin is expressed at focal adhesions of non-striated cells and at costameres of striated muscle cells, and
Paxillin
Multiprotein complex that forms a point of contact or adhesion in animal cells
composed of cadherins in those that anchor to other cells and integrins (focal adhesion) in those that anchor to extracellular matrix. There is considerable
Cell_junction
Involuntary non-striated muscle
pathways and protein kinases (Protein kinase C, Rho kinase, Zip kinase, Focal adhesion kinases) have been implicated as well and actin polymerization dynamics
Smooth_muscle
Protein found in humans
supports scaffolding protein functions for focal adhesions. In plants, ILKs signal complexes to focal adhesion sites. ILKs of plants contain multiple ILK
Integrin-linked_kinase
plethora of adhesive proteins that form cohesive functional units. These focal adhesion plaques are highly dynamic in nature and undergo a maturation process
Role of cell adhesions in neural development
Role_of_cell_adhesions_in_neural_development
Conversion of mechanical stimulus of a cell into electrochemical activity
physical pressures. Extracellular matrix linked proteins - integrins and focal adhesions can transmit forces from the linked extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton
Mechanotransduction
Species of bacterium
acts on host focal adhesion sites by dephosphorylating several phosphotyrosine residues on focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the focal adhesion proteins paxillin
Yersinia_pseudotuberculosis
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1) also known as CD54 (Cluster of Differentiation 54) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ICAM1 gene
ICAM-1
British academic
Hill.[self-published source?] His research on focal adhesions includes the discovery of many adhesion proteins including vinculin, talin and paxillin
Keith_Burridge
Ability of bacteria to move independently using metabolic energy
forward. Bacterial gliding uses different motor complexes, such as the focal adhesion complexes of Myxococcus. Unlike twitching and gliding motilities, which
Bacterial_motility
Topics referred to by the same term
matrix Focal adhesion, a type of macromolecular assembly in cell biology Interthalamic adhesion, a band connecting the brain's two thalami Adhesion barrier
Adhesion_(disambiguation)
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
in adhesive cells is mainly focal adhesions. Integrin beta-1 mutants lose the ability to target to sites of focal adhesions. Three novel isoforms of integrin
Integrin_beta_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
encoded protein localizes to the cell periphery in focal adhesions and may be involved in cell-cell adhesion and cell motility. This protein also shuttles
LPP_(gene)
Mammalian protein found in humans
is a membrane-cytoskeletal protein in focal adhesion plaques that is involved in linkage of integrin adhesion molecules to the actin cytoskeleton. Vinculin
Vinculin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
from a metastasizing melanoma. CD166 plays an important role in mediating adhesion interactions between thymic epithelial cells and CD6+ cells during intrathymic
ALCAM
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
(November 2006). "Disruption of alpha-actinin-integrin interactions at focal adhesions renders osteoblasts susceptible to apoptosis". American Journal of
Alpha-actinin-3
Movement of cells according to local rigidity gradient
However, focal adhesions are quite more than simple anchors - their proteins have many roles in signaling. These proteins, such as focal adhesion kinase
Durotaxis
Mode of locomotion in eukaryotic cells
on the old focal adhesion sites could result in the calcium-induced activation of calpain, and consequently the detachment of focal adhesions which completes
Amoeboid_movement
Protein-coding gene in humans
JE (1995). "Identification and characterization of a novel related adhesion focal tyrosine kinase (RAFTK) from megakaryocytes and brain". J. Biol. Chem
PTK2B
Structures connecting keratinocyte cells to the extracellular matrix
desmosomes attach to adjacent cells. Hemidesmosomes are also comparable to focal adhesions, as they both attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Instead of
Hemidesmosome
Human protein-coding gene
adhesion of SW80 carcinoma cells to the third FN-III repeat of TN-C via the αvβ3 integrin receptor leads to cell spreading, phosphorylation of focal adhesion
Tenascin_C
Mammalian protein found in humans
integrins and probably a few yet unknown other receptors Thy-1 mediates adhesion of leukocytes and monocytes to endothelial cells and fibroblasts, melanoma
CD90
Protein-coding gene in humans
Jung KC, Park SH, Lee H (2003). "Functional involvement of src and focal adhesion kinase in a CD99 splice variant-induced motility of human breast cancer
CD99
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
interacts with epidermal fatty acid binding protein and localizes in focal adhesion-like structures in cultured keratinocytes". J. Invest. Dermatol. 121
S100A7
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
integral component of membrane nuclear membrane nuclear envelope membrane focal adhesion plasma membrane sarcoplasmic reticulum nucleoplasm aggresome cell junction
SYNE2
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
forming multiple heterodimers, which play significant roles in cellular adhesion and cell surface signaling, as well as important roles in immune responses
Integrin_beta_2
Protein and coding gene in humans
found in the focal adhesion mechanism. Signal transduction pathways regulated via RhoA link plasma membrane receptors to focal adhesion formation and
Transforming_protein_RhoA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cyclosporin A binding Cellular component cytoplasm nucleus membrane focal adhesion cytosol extracellular region secretory granule lumen ficolin-1-rich
Peptidylprolyl_isomerase_A
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Zakut R, Zick Y (2000). "Galectin-8 binding to integrins inhibits cell adhesion and induces apoptosis". J. Cell Sci. 113 (Pt 13): 2385–97. doi:10.1242/jcs
Integrin_alpha_4
Protein domain
(February 1996). "p210BCR/ABL induces formation of complexes containing focal adhesion proteins and the protooncogene product p120c-Cbl". Experimental Hematology
BCR_(gene)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
regulation of focal adhesion assembly positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent
Neuropilin_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
component of actin-containing microfilaments that control cell shape, adhesion, and contraction. Palladin was characterised independently by two research
Palladin
Polymer of tubulin that forms part of the cytoskeleton
Gundersen GG (June 2005). "Microtubule-induced focal adhesion disassembly is mediated by dynamin and focal adhesion kinase". Nature Cell Biology. 7 (6): 581–90
Microtubule
Protein-coding gene in humans
exosome cytoplasmic vesicle clathrin-coated vesicle nucleoplasm cytosol focal adhesion actin cytoskeleton brush border membrane apical part of cell Biological
ABCB4
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
consequently, tumor progression. Alternatively, LRP1 may regulate focal adhesion disassembly of cancer cells through the ERK and JNK pathways to aid
LRP1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cytoplasm cytosol phagocytic vesicle membrane nuclear envelope membrane focal adhesion plasma membrane actin filament extracellular exosome lamellipodium intracellular
RAC2
Pharmaceutical
Defactinib (INN, codenamed VS-6063) is an inhibitor of PTK2, also known as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Pyk2, and MELK which was developed by Pfizer and licensed
Defactinib
Cell-surface glycoprotein
is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell–cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene
CD44
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
in the integrin signaling pathway and cell migration by binding with focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants
GRB7
Protein found in humans
positive regulation of meiotic nuclear division positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly liver development immature T cell proliferation in thymus positive
WNT4
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
family of heterodimers is part of a superfamily of molecules involved in adhesion and embryogenesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of
Integrin_alpha-1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
membrane focal adhesion Biological process integrin-mediated signaling pathway muscle organ development cell adhesion cell-matrix adhesion extracellular
Integrin_alpha_11
measurements with cryo-electron microscopy to study how force on talin (a focal adhesion protein which directly links integrins to actin) is related to actin
Correlative light-electron microscopy
Correlative_light-electron_microscopy
Physiological molecule and therapeutic drug
cell locomotion, for example, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, focal adhesion kinase, and other non-receptor tyrosine kinases. During fetal development
Hyaluronic_acid
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
hydrolase activity mRNA binding RNA binding Cellular component membrane focal adhesion plasma membrane intracellular anatomical structure cytoplasmic stress
G3BP1
Rare genetic skeletal dysplasia
(2020). "Biallelic mutations in LAMA5 disrupts a skeletal noncanonical focal adhesion pathway and produces a distinct bent bone dysplasia". EBioMedicine.
Bent_bone_dysplasia_syndrome
Method of mobility used by microorganisms
large macromolecular assemblies located on the bacterium's cell body. "Focal adhesion complexes" and "treadmilling" of surface adhesins distributed along
Gliding_motility
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
cytoplasmic domain of several alpha and beta integrin chains and is recruited to adhesion complexes". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (43): 33669–78. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002519200
Integrin_alpha_3
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
fat gene that is located on chromosome 4q34-q35 and encodes a putative adhesion molecule". Genomics. 30 (2): 207–23. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.9884. PMID 8586420
FAT1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
multiple contexts including in cancer. TGFB1I1 is most localized at focal adhesion complexes of cells, although it may be found active in the cytosol,
TGFB1I1
PMID 1372909. Chan BM, Elices MJ, Murphy E, Hemler ME (Apr 1992). "Adhesion to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and fibronectin. Comparison of alpha 4 beta 1 (VLA-4)
Integrin_beta_7
Network of filamentous proteins that forms the internal framework of cells
proteins present at focal adhesions undergo conformational changes to initiate signaling cascades. Proteins such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src
Cytoskeleton
Enzyme decomposing hydrogen peroxide
cytosol Golgi apparatus membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle focal adhesion mitochondrial intermembrane space peroxisomal membrane peroxisome plasma
Catalase
Mammalian protein found in humans
projection cell junction lamellipodium apical plasma membrane membrane focal adhesion cell surface intercellular canaliculus membrane raft extracellular region
Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
CE (2001). "Actopaxin, a new focal adhesion protein that binds paxillin LD motifs and actin and regulates cell adhesion". J. Cell Biol. 151 (7): 1435–48
PARVA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
protein 26 (ARHGAP26) also known as GTPase Regulator Associated with Focal Adhesion Kinase (GRAF) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGAP26
ARHGAP26
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
extracellular matrix protein Vitronectin and can form both focal adhesions and reticular adhesions. Elevated levels of ITGB5 have been found in patients with
Integrin_beta_5
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1997). "Moesin interacts with the cytoplasmic region of intercellular adhesion molecule-3 and is redistributed to the uropod of T lymphocytes during cell
Moesin
Protein found in humans
PMID 2538245. S2CID 44296539. Maier MK, Seth S, Czeloth N, et al. (2007). "The adhesion receptor CD155 determines the magnitude of humoral immune responses against
CD155
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
morphogenesis of an epithelial tube tissue remodeling negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly head development bone development craniofacial suture morphogenesis
MMP14
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
cells), NK cells, fibroblasts and platelets. Integrins are involved in cell adhesion and also participate in cell-surface-mediated signalling. Expression of
Integrin_alpha_2
Technology with features near one nanometer
osteoprogenitors cultured on nanometric grooved surfaces: the role of focal adhesion maturation". Acta Biomaterialia. 10 (2): 651–660. doi:10.1016/j.actbio
Nanotechnology
Protein found in humans
calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Cellular component membrane focal adhesion intracellular anatomical structure mitochondrion lysosome extracellular
Calpain-1_catalytic_subunit
Israeli-Russian scientist
mechanical forces to regulate adhesion, migration, and intracellular trafficking. He demonstrated that focal adhesions function as mechanosensors, converting
Alexander_Bershadsky
Process in multicellular organisms
on the old focal adhesion sites could result in the calcium-induced calpain activation, and consequently the detachment of focal adhesions which completes
Cell_migration
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
binding Cellular component cytoplasm germinal vesicle centrosome membrane focal adhesion cell cortex actin cytoskeleton extracellular exosome cytoskeleton plasma
MARCKS
ligand is seen to form highly phosphorylated focal contacts/focal adhesion (cells involved in matrix adhesion) within the membrane and reduces cell migration
Crosstalk_(biology)
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
cytoplasm cytosol arp2/3 protein complex extracellular exosome cytoskeleton focal adhesion actin cytoskeleton tubulobulbar complex nucleus Biological process Arp2/3
ARPC1B
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
identical protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol membrane focal adhesion myelin sheath extracellular exosome cytoplasmic vesicle membrane mitochondrion
YWHAG
Thin fibrous layer between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue in animals
masses. There are also focal adhesion complexes on the outer cell membrane that bind the cytoskeleton to cell-matrix adhesions. The primary function of
Basement_membrane
GPI-anchored signaling protein
membrane through a GPI anchor. Classical cadherins are central to cell–cell adhesion, critical for shaping tissues during embryonic development and maintaining
T-cadherin
Protein-coding gene in humans
SUMO-specific protease activity Cellular component cytoplasm nuclear membrane focal adhesion nucleoplasm nucleus Biological process negative regulation of proteasomal
SENP1
Class of enzymes
activates focal adhesion kinase (FAK), an important molecule in the process of cell motility by coordinating dissolution of the focal adhesions at the leading
Hyaluronan_synthase
Protein found in humans
primarily localized to membrane-associated adherens junctions and focal adhesions but is also found at the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus. Alternative
Syntenin-1
Protein-coding gene in humans
non-receptor tyrosine protein kinases. (This family also includes Abl, Src, focal adhesion kinase and Janus kinase.) Fyn is located downstream of several cell
FYN
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
DLC1 is also involved in the formation of focal adhesions, so loss of DLC1 leads to reduced cell adhesion and increased metastatic potential of cells
DLC1
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
the authors concluded that nephrin was likely to function as both an adhesion receptor and a signalling protein. Podocyte GRCh38: Ensembl release 89:
Nephrin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
integral component of plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane focal adhesion extracellular space perinuclear region of cytoplasm Biological process
Endothelial protein C receptor
Endothelial_protein_C_receptor
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
activity Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane focal adhesion plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane cell surface membrane
PTPRC
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cytoplasm integral component of membrane membrane cell-cell junction focal adhesion integral component of plasma membrane stress fiber extracellular region
TEK_tyrosine_kinase
Tubular structure carrying blood
down-regulation of tight junction but not dependent on integrins induced focal adhesions". International Journal of Biological Sciences. 9 (9): 966–979. doi:10
Blood_vessel
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
binding Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol membrane kinesin complex focal adhesion melanosome axon mitochondrion extracellular exosome cytoplasmic vesicle
YWHAE
Contiguous fold of tissues that supports the intestines
access to the cephalad (top) surface of the transverse mesocolon. Focal adhesions frequently tether the greater omentum to the cephalad aspect of the
Mesentery
Protein found in humans
cell surface proteins with a unique structure, possessing both potential adhesion and protease domains. Sheddase, a generic name for the ADAM metallopeptidase
ADAM10
Protein found in humans
forms. The disintegrin and cysteine-rich domains are implicated in cell adhesion and interaction with integrins, while the transmembrane domain anchors
ADAM17
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
to the focal adhesion protein, paxillin. It may function in cell type-specific signaling by associating with PYK2, a member of focal adhesion kinase family
LPXN
Tumor suppressor gene
Takino T, Miyamoto S, Yamada KM (July 1999). "PTEN interactions with focal adhesion kinase and suppression of the extracellular matrix-dependent phosphatidylinositol
PTEN_(gene)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ATP binding Cellular component cytoplasm blood microparticle membrane focal adhesion NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex plasma membrane nucleoplasm cytoplasmic
Beta-actin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
identical protein binding Cellular component endoplasmic reticulum lumen focal adhesion melanosome myelin sheath cell surface endoplasmic reticulum extracellular
PDIA3
Protein domain
ubiquitous cytosolic protein that is found in high concentrations in focal adhesions. It is capable of linking integrins to the actin cytoskeleton either
Talin_(protein)
Human protein-encoding gene
Tetraspanin proteins are involved in a multitude of biological processes such as adhesion, motility, membrane fusion, signaling and protein trafficking. Tetraspanins
CD9
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Tremblay ML (March 1999). "Protein tyrosine phosphatase-PEST regulates focal adhesion disassembly, migration, and cytokinesis in fibroblasts". The Journal
GRB2
FOCAL ADHESION
FOCAL ADHESION
Boy/Male
Muslim
Vocal cords
Boy/Male
Hindu
A famous saint, Servant of Tulsi (Basil plant (Sanskrit scholar and poet who created Ramcharitmanas, a version of Valmiki Ramayana in local Avadhi language)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained; possibly a variant of Meadows (see Meadow), reflecting a local pronunciation.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. Possibly a variant of Marston, reflecting a local pronunciation, or a habitational name from Mastin Moor in Derbyshire.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
South India Local God
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Prestwich, reflecting the old local pronunciation of the place name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Heasley. Today the surname is found chiefly in northern Ireland and Scotland, but seems not to have a local source.
Surname or Lastname
English (Northumberland and Durham)
English (Northumberland and Durham) : unexplained; perhaps a variant of Scottish Wanders, which Black tentatively derives from a Scottish local pronunciation of Guinevere, name of King Arthur’s queen, who according to local Angus legend was buried in the parish of Alyth.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Vocal Cords
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Sindhi, Telugu, Traditional
Vocal Sound of Swan
Surname or Lastname
English
English : origin uncertain; possibly an altered spelling of Wheelhouse, reflecting a local pronunciation.
Boy/Male
Tamil
South india local God
Surname or Lastname
English (Gloucestershire)
English (Gloucestershire) : possibly a local variant of Annis.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Tulsidas | தà¯à®²à®¸à¯€à®¤à®¾à®¸Â
A famous saint, Servant of Tulsi (Basil plant (Sanskrit scholar and poet who created Ramcharitmanas, a version of Valmiki Ramayana in local Avadhi language)
Tulsidas | தà¯à®²à®¸à¯€à®¤à®¾à®¸Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Hansdhwani | ஹஂஸà¯à®¤à¯à®µà®¾à®¨à¯€Â
Vocal sound of swan
Hansdhwani | ஹஂஸà¯à®¤à¯à®µà®¾à®¨à¯€Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Prestwich, reflecting the old local pronunciation of the place name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.Irish (Westmeath) : probably a local variant of Leavy (see Dunleavy).
Girl/Female
Indian, Marathi
Nice Vocal Qualities
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Nice Vocal Quality
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Deemer.French : habitational name apparently associated with a specific domain; the source is unclear, because of the wide range of local variants.
FOCAL ADHESION
FOCAL ADHESION
Boy/Male
English
Bright wolf, ax-wielding wolf.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Leelawati | லீலாவதீ, லீலாவாதீÂ
Playful, Goddess Durga
Girl/Female
Biblical
House of dry figs.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Beautiful
Boy/Male
Danish, German, Swedish, Teutonic
Great; Famous; Happy Fame
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
The Tragedy of Coriolanus.' Caius Marcius Coriolanus.
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Greatest
Girl/Female
Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Honey; Sweet; Charming; Sweetness
Girl/Female
Hindu
Attractive
Female
Egyptian
, the mother of King Snefru.
FOCAL ADHESION
FOCAL ADHESION
FOCAL ADHESION
FOCAL ADHESION
FOCAL ADHESION
n.
On newspaper cant, an item of news relating to the place where the paper is published.
a.
Of or pertaining to a vowel or voice sound; also, /poken with tone, intonation, and resonance; sonant; sonorous; -- said of certain articulate sounds.
a.
Consisting of, or characterized by, voice, or tone produced in the larynx, which may be modified, either by resonance, as in the case of the vowels, or by obstructive action, as in certain consonants, such as v, l, etc., or by both, as in the nasals m, n, ng; sonant; intonated; voiced. See Voice, and Vowel, also Guide to Pronunciation, // 199-202.
a.
See Fecal.
a.
Not vocal; destitute of tone.
a.
Of or pertaining to a particular place, or to a definite region or portion of space; restricted to one place or region; as, a local custom.
a.
Uttered or modulated by the voice; oral; as, vocal melody; vocal prayer.
n.
A vocal sound; specifically, a purely vocal element of speech, unmodified except by resonance; a vowel or a diphthong; a tonic element; a tonic; -- distinguished from a subvocal, and a nonvocal.
a.
Of or pertaining to a vowel; having the character of a vowel; vowel.
n.
A train which receives and deposits passengers or freight along the line of the road; a train for the accommodation of a certain district.
a.
Belonging to,or concerning, a focus; as, a focal point.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Foal
n.
A cylindrical glass vessel, with a large and short neck.
n.
A man who has a right to vote in certain elections.
v.i.
To bring forth young, as an animal of the horse kind.
a.
relating to, or containing, dregs, feces, or ordeure; faecal.
n.
A female foal or colt; a young mare. Cf. Colt, Foal.
imp. & p. p.
of Foal
n.
Vocal expression; articulation; speech.
a.
Of or pertaining to the voice or speech; having voice; endowed with utterance; full of voice, or voices.