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Fourth and current eon of the geological timescale
The Phanerozoic is the current and the latest of the four geologic eons in the Earth's geologic time scale, covering the time period from 538.8 ± 0.6
Phanerozoic
German post-metal band
the new album will be split in two. Phanerozoic I: Palaeozoic was released on 2 November 2018 while Phanerozoic II was expected to be released in 2019
The_Ocean_(band)
First era of the Phanerozoic Eon
PAY-; or Palaeozoic) Era is the first of three geological eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. Beginning 538.8 million years ago (Ma), it succeeds the Neoproterozoic
Paleozoic
2018 studio album by the Ocean
Phanerozoic I: Palaeozoic is the seventh studio album by German post-metal band the Ocean. It is a concept album exploring the Phanerozoic geological eon
Phanerozoic_I:_Palaeozoic
2020 album by The Ocean
Phanerozoic II: Mesozoic / Cenozoic is the eighth studio album by German post-metal band the Ocean. It was released on 25 September 2020 and is the second
Phanerozoic II: Mesozoic / Cenozoic
Phanerozoic_II:_Mesozoic_/_Cenozoic
Rapid decrease in Earth's biodiversity
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S An extinction event (also known as a mass extinction
Extinction_event
History of Earth 4600–539 million years ago
before the current Phanerozoic Eon. The Precambrian is so named because it preceded the Cambrian, the first period of the Phanerozoic Eon, which is named
Precambrian
First geological period of the Paleozoic Era
KAYM-) is the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era and the Phanerozoic Eon. The Cambrian lasted 51.95 million years from the end of the preceding
Cambrian
Second era of the Phanerozoic Eon
2003, Phanerozoic atmospheric oxygen, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., V, 31, p. 105–34. See the graph near the bottom of the webpage Phanerozoic Eon Archived
Mesozoic
System that relates geologic strata to time
with a change to the suffix (e.g. Phanerozoic Eonothem becomes the Phanerozoic Eon). Names of erathems in the Phanerozoic were chosen to reflect major changes
Geologic_time_scale
Third and current era of the Phanerozoic Eon
(flowering plants). It is the latest of three geological eras of the Phanerozoic Eon, preceded by the Mesozoic and Paleozoic. The Cenozoic started with
Cenozoic
Very long term changes in Earth's temperature
discouraged the formation of large scale ice sheet.[citation needed] The Phanerozoic eon, encompassing the last 542 million years and almost the entire time
Geologic_temperature_record
Sub-block of the North China craton
covering part of the Precambrian basement. There were also magmatism in Phanerozoic. During Cambrian to Middle Ordovician, extensive carbonates were formed
Western Block of the North China Craton
Western_Block_of_the_North_China_Craton
major extinction events (see graphic) Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S Partial list
List_of_extinction_events
Geologic eon, 2500–539 million years ago
geologic time scale. It is preceded by the Archean and followed by the Phanerozoic, and is the most recent part of the Precambrian "supereon". The Proterozoic
Proterozoic
Earth's prehistory (the Hadean, Archean, and Proterozoic) and precedes the Phanerozoic eon. Major volcanic events altering Earth's environment and causing extinctions
Geological_history_of_Earth
Fifth period of the Paleozoic Era
beginning of the Permian Period, 298.9 Ma. It is the fifth period of the Phanerozoic eon. In North America, the Carboniferous is often treated as two separate
Carboniferous
Variety and variability of life forms
minor events have led to large and sudden drops in biodiversity. The Phanerozoic aeon (the last 540 million years) marked a rapid growth in biodiversity
Biodiversity
Superfamily of marine lamp shells
entire Phanerozoic Eon, and has been described as ″one of the few ′living fossils′ that has survived all major catastrophic events in the Phanerozoic history
Discinoidea
Increasing mineral diversity over time
and add to the stock of minerals. The last stage coincides with the Phanerozoic era, in which biomineralization, the creation of minerals by living organisms
Mineral_evolution
Third and last era of the Proterozoic Eon
by the Mesoproterozoic era and succeeded by the Paleozoic era of the Phanerozoic eon, and is further subdivided into three periods, the Tonian, Cryogenian
Neoproterozoic
Swedish musician (born 1975)
Nascent" off of their 2018 release Phanerozoic I: Paleozoic, as well as "Jurassic | Cretaceous" from the 2020 release Phanerozoic II: Mesozoic & Cenozoic. Renkse
Jonas_Renkse
Organism that consists of only one cell
years ago), Proterozoic (2.5 billion to 540 million years ago), and Phanerozoic (540 million years ago to present day) eons. Much of the fossilized stromatolites
Unicellular_organism
Totality of rock strata laid down during a certain eon of the geologic timescale
Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic. A rock stratum, fossil or feature present in the "upper Phanerozoic" eonothem would therefore have originated
Eonothem
is dominated by the Grenville Province but flanked by two basins of Phanerozoic materials. Abundant mineral deposits are found here and as a result are
Geology_of_Ontario
Earth's southernmost continent
gradually broke apart beginning around 183 Ma. For a large proportion of the Phanerozoic, Antarctica had a tropical or temperate climate, and it was covered in
Antarctica
Third and last period of the Mesozoic Era
million years, it is the ninth and longest geological period of the entire Phanerozoic. The name is derived from the Latin creta, 'chalk', which is abundant
Cretaceous
Palaeoproterozoic, Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic eras. 539 Ma – present The Phanerozoic Eon (Greek: period of well-displayed life) marks the appearance in the
Timeline_of_life
Condition when water is both anoxic and sulfidic
role in the diversification of early eukaryotes and protozoa in the pre-Phanerozoic. Euxinia still occurs occasionally today, mostly in meromictic lakes
Euxinia
Records of Earth's development
life on Earth and its earliest evolution. The succeeding eon is the Phanerozoic, divided into three eras: the Palaeozoic, an era of arthropods, fishes
History_of_Earth
Trace fossil of the Phanerozoic
Planolites is an ichnogenus found throughout the Ediacaran and the Phanerozoic that is made during the feeding process of worm-like animals. The traces
Planolites
Mass extinction ending the Triassic period
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S The Triassic–Jurassic (Tr-J) extinction event
Triassic–Jurassic_extinction
Second geologic period in the Cenozoic Era
is the second period of the Cenozoic and the eleventh period of the Phanerozoic. The Neogene is sub-divided into two epochs, the earlier Miocene and
Neogene
Cramer, Bradley D. (2023-05-31). "Evolution of Atmospheric O2 Through the Phanerozoic, Revisited". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 51: 253–276
Geological_history_of_oxygen
Hypothetical Neoproterozoic supercontinent
changes that characterised the transition between the Precambrian and Phanerozoic. However, this theory has been widely criticized, as incorrect applications
Rodinia
Sixth stage of the Silurian
the Ludlow Epoch of the Silurian Period of the Paleozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon that is comprehended between 426.7 ± 1.5 Ma and 425.0 ± 1.5 Ma (million
Gorstian
Geologic eon, 4031–2500 million years ago
preceded by the Hadean Eon and followed by the Proterozoic and the Phanerozoic. The Archean represents the time period from 4,031 to 2,500 Ma (million
Archean
Increase in taxonomic diversity or morphological disparity
Evolutionary radiations during the Phanerozoic.
Evolutionary_radiation
mantle that formed at different times in Earth's history: Archaean and Phanerozoic continental lithospheric mantle. Archaean lithospheric mantle is strongly
Subcontinental lithospheric mantle
Subcontinental_lithospheric_mantle
marine animals from the Cambrian to the present (that is, the entire Phanerozoic) was introduced by Jack Sepkoski in 1981 using factor analysis of the
Evolutionary_fauna
Ancient continent in the Neoarchean era
Arctica or Arctida is a hypothetical ancient continent which formed approximately 2.565 billion years ago in the Neoarchean era. It was made of Archaean
Arctica
Largest anoxic event in the Jurassic period and Phanerozoic eon
the most extreme case of widespread ocean deoxygenation in the entire Phanerozoic eon. In addition to the PTo-E and TOAE, there were multiple other, smaller
Toarcian_Oceanic_Anoxic_Event
Earth history, 1.8 to 0.8 billion years ago
complex life later in the Ediacaran Avalon Explosion and the subsequent Phanerozoic Cambrian Explosion. Nonetheless, prokaryotic cyanobacteria were the dominant
Boring_Billion
Rock that crops out in the US state of Kansas was formed during the Phanerozoic eon, which consists of three geologic eras: the Paleozoic, Mesozoic and
Geology_of_Kansas
Region and archipelago in Indonesia
pp. 5–25. ISBN 0-19-854185-6. OCLC 14692633. Veevers, J.J. (1991). "Phanerozoic Australia in the changing configuration of ProtoPangea through Gondwanaland
Lesser_Sunda_Islands
First stage of Cambrian Period
8310°W / 47.0762; -55.8310 The Fortunian age marks the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon, the Paleozoic Era, and the Cambrian Period. It is the first of the
Fortunian
Ancient supercontinent of approximately 2,500 to 1,500 million years ago
Flowers Dinosaurs Mammals Birds Primates Hadean Archean Proterozoic Phanerozoic ← Earth formed ← Earliest water ← LUCA ← Earliest fossils ← Atmospheric
Columbia_(supercontinent)
Ancient Greek concept
Earth's history, the Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, and the current aeon, Phanerozoic. In astronomy, an aeon is defined as a billion years (109 years, abbreviated
Aeon
Earth's most severe extinction event
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S The Permian–Triassic extinction event, colloquially
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Permian–Triassic_extinction_event
Assemblage of geologic formations in Canada
the sedimentary rocks cannot be dated using fossils as they can in Phanerozoic rocks. However, the base contains volcanic rocks that have been dated
Huronian_Supergroup
Mass extinction event about 488 million years ago
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S The Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event, also
Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event
Cambrian–Ordovician_extinction_event
Third and current period of the Cenozoic Era, from 2.58 million years ago to the present
as well as the current and most recent of the twelve periods of the Phanerozoic eon. It follows the Neogene Period and spans from 2.6 million years ago
Quaternary
First period of the Cenozoic Era
It is the first period of the Cenozoic Era, the tenth period of the Phanerozoic and is divided into the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene epochs. The
Paleogene
Extinction event around 260 million years ago
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S The Capitanian mass extinction event began around
Capitanian mass extinction event
Capitanian_mass_extinction_event
Period of climatic warming that reached its peak approximately 90 million years ago
of the most prominent peaks in the global temperature record of the Phanerozoic eon. From 330 to 170 Ma, Pangaea covered the Earth's surface, forming
Cretaceous_Thermal_Maximum
Increase in biodiversity since the Permian extinction
Radiation is the third major extended increase of biodiversity in the Phanerozoic, after the Cambrian Explosion and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification
Mesozoic–Cenozoic_radiation
largely influenced by marine transgressive-regressive cycles during the Phanerozoic, with a lesser but still significant contribution from late Cenozoic
Geology_of_Texas
Ongoing extinction event caused by human activity
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S The Holocene or Anthropocene extinction is an
Holocene_extinction
The geology of India is diverse. Different regions of the Indian subcontinent contain rocks belonging to different geologic periods, dating as far back
Geology_of_India
SW and NW of Belarus. In most of the other parts of the country, the Phanerozoic begins with middle Devonian deposits. However, in uplifted areas it starts
Geology_of_Belarus
Online resource for paleobiology
microorganisms. The Paleobiology Database originated in the NCEAS-funded Phanerozoic Marine Paleofaunal Database initiative, which operated from August 1998
Paleobiology_Database
Ice age
present on Earth's surface. It was the second major icehouse period of the Phanerozoic, after the Hirnantian glaciation. Interpretations of the Late Paleozoic
Late_Paleozoic_icehouse
sediments and some rocks formed within the past 541 million years of the Phanerozoic Eon, along the coast, many of the rocks in Ghana formed close to one
Geology_of_Ghana
First stage of the Silurian
of the Llandovery Epoch. The Silurian is in the Paleozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon. The Rhuddanian Age began 443.1 ± 0.9 Ma and ended 440.5 ± 1.0 Ma
Rhuddanian
exposed across much of the country. Thick sedimentary sequences from the Phanerozoic (including sandstone, anhydrite, dolomite, limestone, chert and marl)
Geology_of_Saudi_Arabia
Mountain in Sweden
Sweden – review, interpretations and implications for conclusions on Phanerozoic tectonics (PDF) (Report). Geological Survey of Sweden. p. 12. Retrieved
Dundret
Ninth and last stage of the Permian
age/stage (Early Triassic epoch). The greatest mass extinction in the Phanerozoic eon, the Permian–Triassic extinction event, occurred around the end of
Changhsingian
Ancient, extremely flat, erosion surface
This deformation is an isostatic response to erosion and the load of Phanerozoic sediments that rests above much of the peneplain. The peneplain is characterized
Sub-Cambrian_peneplain
Study of changes in ancient climate
than 15% by the end of the Precambrian. The following time span was the Phanerozoic eon, during which oxygen-breathing metazoan life forms began to appear
Paleoclimatology
two main geological regions, the Precambrian Canadian Shield and the Phanerozoic Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. Within the Precambrian shield exists
Geology_of_Saskatchewan
Irish palaeobotanist
parameters as indicators of palaeo-atmospheric CO←2 concentration through Phanerozoic time. (1997) Academic work Institutions Trinity College Dublin
Jennifer_McElwain
2023 studio album by the Ocean
going to have a tough time surpassing what they accomplished with the Phanerozoic LPs. While Holocene doesn't definitively best that prior duo, it certainly
Holocene_(album)
Third epoch of the Jurassic Period
1130/GES00212.1. Scotese, Christopher Robert (May 30, 2021). "An Atlas of Phanerozoic Paleogeographic Maps: The Seas Come In and the Seas Go Out". Annual Review
Late_Jurassic
The Sinsk Event is the first mass extinction of the Phanerozoic Eon, occurring approximately 513.5 million years ago during early Stage 4 of the Cambrian
Sinsk_Event
Period of major evolutionary diversification of animal life
the crown groups of many phyla do not appear until much later in the Phanerozoic. Further, the mineralised phyla that form the basis of the fossil record
Cambrian_explosion
Geology of Europe
southern margin of the craton is where Sarmatia is buried beneath thick Phanerozoic sediments and the Alpine orogens. The intervening Late Palaeozoic Donbas
East_European_Craton
Method to visualize the chronology of the universe
per cosmic day. The Solar System materialized in Cosmic September. The Phanerozoic corresponds only to the latter half of December, with the Cenozoic only
Cosmic_Calendar
beginning of the Cambrian Period, the Paleozoic Era and the current Phanerozoic Eon. End of the Ediacaran Period, the Proterozoic Eon and the Precambrian
Timeline_of_Earth
Fourth period of the Paleozoic Era
deh-) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era during the Phanerozoic eon, spanning 60.7 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian
Devonian
Lake in Finland
orogeny 1910 million years ago. (Plado et al. assume the impact was Phanerozoic, but give no evidence to support this.) The otherwise shallow lake (depth
Summasjärvi
Chemical compound
Cambrian explosion. In this transitional period at the start of the Phanerozoic, single-celled organisms evolved to produce many of the evolutionary
24-Isopropylcholestane
Material world and its phenomena
September 25, 2006. Retrieved November 3, 2016. "Mass Extinctions Of The Phanerozoic Menu". Park.org. Archived from the original on September 25, 2006. Retrieved
Nature
University of Chicago paleontologist (1948–1999)
Sepkoski, J. John Jr. (1979). "A kinetic model of Phanerozoic taxonomic diversity. II. Early Phanerozoic families and multiple equilibria". Paleobiology
Jack_Sepkoski
Lake in Scania
Analysis and geomorphological paradigms: Scandinavia as an example of Phanerozoic uplift and subsidence". Global and Planetary Change. 100: 153–171. doi:10
Ivö_Lake
Two extinction intervals that occurred during Stages 4 and 5 of the Cambrian Period
Botomian Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S The end-Botomian mass extinction event
End-Botomian_mass_extinction
Hypotheses for the possible sources of the water on Earth
Flowers Dinosaurs Mammals Birds Primates Hadean Archean Proterozoic Phanerozoic ← Earth formed ← Earliest water ← LUCA ← Earliest fossils ← Atmospheric
Origin_of_water_on_Earth
Former term for the geologic period from 65 million to 2.58 million years ago
– −40 — – −35 — – −30 — – −25 — – −20 — – −15 — – −10 — – −5 — – 0 — Phanerozoic Mesozoic Cenozoic Paleogene Neogene Quaternary Paleocene Eocene Oligocene
Tertiary_period
German ocean geologist known for alternative mechanisms of plate tectonics
primarily on tectonics and the collation of tectonic events during the Phanerozoic. Stille adhered to the contracting Earth hypothesis and together with
Hans_Stille
Topics referred to by the same term
"Cambrian II: Eternal Recurrence", a song by The Ocean from the 2018 album Phanerozoic I: Palaeozoic Eternal Recurrence, a 2014 installation artwork by Jim
Eternal_Recurrence
Mass extinction at the end of the Devonian
of Phanerozoic Extinction: a Perspective from Global Data Bases", in Walliser, Otto H. (ed.), Global Events and Event Stratigraphy in the Phanerozoic: Results
Hangenberg_event
← Ediacaran shelly fauna Neoproterozoic (last era of the Precambrian) Palæozoic (first era of the Phanerozoic) Axis scale: millions of years ago.
List of small shelly fossil taxa
List_of_small_shelly_fossil_taxa
Study of past life through fossils
Holocene epoch, of the Quaternary period, of the Cenozoic era, of the Phanerozoic eon. These geological time units are correlated globally through combinations
Paleontology
Form of carbonate sedimentary structure
Pellets occur in Precambrian through Phanerozoic strata. They are an important component mainly in Phanerozoic strata. The consensus among sedimentologists
Pellets_(petrology)
Phanerozoic, is presented by Close et al. (2025). Review of the ecology and evolution of endobionts associated with corals throughout the Phanerozoic
2025_in_paleontology
Gill-bearing non-tetrapod aquatic vertebrates
(June 2012). "Five hundred million years of extinction and recovery: A Phanerozoic survey of large-scale diversity patterns in fishes". Palaeontology. 55
Fish
Third and last age of the late Jurassic
"Patterns of Phanerozoic Extinction: A Perspective from Global Data Bases". In Walliser OH (ed.). Global Events and Event Stratigraphy in the Phanerozoic. Berlin
Tithonian
Genus of prokaryotes
Porostromate Stromatolites and Oncolites". In Monty, Claude (ed.). Phanerozoic Stromatolites. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 1–4. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-67913-1_1
Girvanella
and the functional diversity of arthropod suspension-feeding over the Phanerozoic". Royal Society Open Science. 13 (7) rsos260608. doi:10.1098/rsos.260608
2026 in arthropod paleontology
2026_in_arthropod_paleontology
First period of the Mesozoic Era
shortest geologic period of the Mesozoic Era, and the seventh period of the Phanerozoic Eon. The start and the end of the Triassic Period featured major extinction
Triassic
Ediacaran biotic assemblage
The drop of diversity has been compared to the mass extinctions of the Phanerozoic. A second drop of diversity occurred at the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary
Nama_assemblage
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