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Tungusic-speaking people in East Asia
Jurchen (Manchu: ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ, romanized: Jušen, [dʒuʃən]; Chinese: 女真, romanized: Nǚzhēn, [nỳ.ʈʂə́n]) were a number of East Asian Tungusic-speaking people.
Jurchen_people
Jurchen-led imperial dynasty of China
a Jurchen-led imperial dynasty of China and empire ruled by the Wanyan clan that existed between 1115 and 1234. It is also often called the Jurchen dynasty
Jin_dynasty_(1115–1234)
Topics referred to by the same term
Jurchen may refer to: Jurchen people, Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria until the 17th century Haixi Jurchens, a grouping of the Jurchens
Jurchen
1125–1234 Jurchen campaigns in China
series of conflicts between the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115–1234) and the Han-led Song dynasty (960–1279). In 1115, Jurchen tribes rebelled against their
Jin–Song_wars
East Asian ethnic group
were established and ruled by the Manchus, who are descended from the Jurchen people who earlier established the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) in northern
Manchu_people
Tungusic language of eastern Manchuria
The Jurchen language (Chinese: 女真語; pinyin: Nǚzhēn yǔ) was the Tungusic language of the Jurchen people of eastern Manchuria, the rulers of the Jin dynasty
Jurchen_language
Former ethnic group
considered for merging. › The Jianzhou Jurchens (Chinese: 建州女真) were one of the three major groups of Jurchens as identified by the Ming dynasty. Although
Jianzhou_Jurchens
Chinese-based script for Jurchen
The Jurchen script (Jurchen: [dʒu ʃə bitxə]; Chinese: 女真文) was the writing system used to write the Jurchen language, the language of the Jurchen people
Jurchen_script
Jurchen-led dynasty in Manchuria
alphabet. The Later Jin, officially known as Jin or the Great Jin, was a Jurchen-led royal dynasty of China and a khanate ruled by the House of Aisin-Gioro
Later_Jin_(1616–1636)
Korean dynasty (918–1392)
controlling the Jurchens. Sometimes Jurchens submitted to Goryeo and were given citizenship. Goryeo inhabitants were forbidden from trading with Jurchens. The tributary
Goryeo
Exonymic term applied by Han Chinese to an ethnic group or groups
The Wild Jurchens (Chinese: 野人女真) or Haidong Jurchens (Chinese: 海東女真) were a group of the Tungusic peoples in Northeast Asia identified by the Ming dynasty
Wild_Jurchens
10th-17th century wars in East Asia
The Korean–Jurchen border conflicts were a series of conflicts from the 10th century to the 17th century between the Korean states of Goryeo and Joseon
Korean–Jurchen border conflicts
Korean–Jurchen_border_conflicts
1583–1619 unification of the Jurchen tribes
The Jurchen unification was a series of events in the late 16th and early 17th centuries that led to the unification of the Jurchen tribes under the Jianzhou
Jurchen_unification
Language family of Siberia and Manchuria
Sakachi–Alyan Ulchaic Orok / Uilta Poronaisk Val-Nogliki Ulch Manchu–Jurchen / Jurchenic Jurchen Manchu–Xibe Manchu Alechuxa / Alchuka Bala (China) Jing Lalin
Tungusic_languages
Emperor of Jin China from 1161 to 1189
name Wanyan Yong (originally Wanyan Xiu), was the fifth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. Ruling from 1161 to 1189 under the era name "Dading"
Emperor_Shizong_of_Jin
Former ethnic group
The Haixi Jurchens (Chinese: 海西女真) were a grouping of the Jurchens as identified by the Chinese of the Ming dynasty. They inhabited an area that consists
Haixi_Jurchens
Traditional Manchu clothing
wealthy Jurchen used pearls and golds as ornaments. Jurchen women braided their hair and wound them into a hair bun without wearing a hat. The Jurchen wove
Qizhuang
Founding khan of the Later Jin dynasty
founding khan of the Jurchen-led Later Jin dynasty. As leader of the Aisin Gioro clan, Nurhaci reorganized and united various Jurchen tribes (the later "Manchu")
Nurhaci
Fashion in the Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
the Five dynasties period, the Mohe people started to be referred as the Jurchen people (Chinese: 女真; pinyin: Nǚzhēn), they were referred as such by the
Fashion in the Jurchen Jin dynasty
Fashion_in_the_Jurchen_Jin_dynasty
Emperor of Jin from 1115 to 1123
emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He was originally the chieftain of the Wanyan tribe, the most dominant among the Jurchen tribes which were
Emperor_Taizu_of_Jin
Geographical region in Northeast Asia
Jianzhou Jurchen chieftain, Nurhaci (1558–1626), started to unify Jurchen tribes of the region. Over the next several decades, the Jurchen took control
Manchuria
This is a timeline of the Jurchens. Timeline of the Song dynasty Timeline of the Ming dynasty Timeline of the Tanguts Timeline of the Khitans Wang 2013
Timeline_of_the_Jurchens
Hairstyle worn by the Jurchen and Manchu peoples of Manchuria
A queue or cue is a hairstyle historically worn by the Jurchen and Manchu peoples of Manchuria, and was later required to be worn by male subjects of
Queue_(hairstyle)
The list of Jurchen inscriptions comprises a list of the corpus of known inscriptions written in the Jurchen language using the Jurchen script. There
List_of_Jurchen_inscriptions
Chinese-based script for Khitan language
in use to some extent by the Jurchen people for several decades after the fall of the Liao dynasty, until the Jurchens fully switched to a script of
Khitan_large_script
Domination of Ming dynasty over Manchuria
considerably in Manchuria. Starting in the 1580s, Nurhaci, the Jianzhou Jurchen chieftain who had been a Ming vassal, began to take control of most of
Manchuria_under_Ming_rule
Manchu-led dynasty of China (1644–1912)
Nurhaci, leader of the Jianzhou Jurchens and House of Aisin-Gioro who was also a vassal of the Ming dynasty, unified Jurchen clans (known later as Manchus)
Qing_dynasty
the military force of an imperial dynasty of China, founded by rulers of Jurchen origin, that ruled over northern China between 1115 and 1234. In Empire
Military of the Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Military_of_the_Jin_dynasty_(1115–1234)
The Jurchens were a Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria (present-day Northeast China) until the 17th century, when they adopted the name
List_of_Jurchen_chieftains
Scribe
sinicised name Wanyan Xiyin, was a Jurchen noble and civil minister who lived in the founding and early years of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115–1234), which
Wanyan_Xiyin
Manchu clan and imperial house of Qing Dynasty
the Aisin Gioro clan served as chiefs of the Jianzhou Jurchens, one of the three major Jurchen tribes at this time. Qing bannermen passed through the
House_of_Aisin_Gioro
Clan of the Heishui Mohe tribe
referred to as "civilized Jurchens" (熟女真). The Wanyan clan later founded the Jin dynasty. The Wanyan surname for the Jurchen imperial family is found in
Wanyan
Dalinghe (大凌河; present-day Linghai) in Liaoning. Using a combined force of Jurchen and Mongol cavalry, along with recently captured Ming artillery units,
Battle_of_Dalinghe
1232–33 battle of the Mongol-Jin War
from 1232 to 1233, the Mongol Empire captured Kaifeng, the capital of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty. The Mongol Empire and the Jin dynasty had been at war
Siege_of_Kaifeng_(1232)
1627 invasion of Korea by Jurchens
remaining forces and insisted that Joseon did not hold anything against the Jurchens, having only sent reinforcements to repay an obligation to the Ming. In
Later_Jin_invasion_of_Joseon
Khitan-led dynasty of China (916–1125)
state to control all of Manchuria. The Liao dynasty was destroyed by the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in 1125 with the capture of the Emperor Tianzuo of Liao
Liao_dynasty
7th-10th century kingdom in East Asia
by appealing to a common origin between the Jurchens and Parhae. According to the appeal, both the Jurchens and Parhae people descended from the seven
Parhae
Jurchen chieftain and father of Nurhaci
pinyin: Tǎkèshì; 1543–1583), or posthumously titled as Emperor Xuan, was a Jurchen chieftain and father of Nurhaci, founder of the Later Jin dynasty, and
Taksi
Historical coinage of China
Jin dynasty was a Jurchen-led dynasty of China that ruled over northern China and Manchuria from 1115 until 1234. After the Jurchens defeated the Liao
Jin dynasty coinage (1115–1234)
Jin_dynasty_coinage_(1115–1234)
The Chahar–Jurchen War was a military conflict waged between the Chahar Mongols and the Jurchen-led Later Jin dynasty and several other Mongol groups from
Chahar-Jurchen_War
Emperor of China from 1100 to 1126
sophistication and art in the first half of his life. In 1126, when the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty invaded the Song dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars, Emperor
Emperor_Huizong_of_Song
Former empire in East Asia
collapse of the Yuan dynasty in 1368 and lasted until its conquest by the Jurchen-led Later Jin dynasty in 1635, which was later renamed as the Qing dynasty
Northern_Yuan
Emperor of Jin from 1189 to 1208
name Madage, sinicized name Wanyan Jing, was the sixth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He reigned from 20 January 1189 to 29 December
Emperor_Zhangzong_of_Jin
Emperor of China from 1127 to 1162
in the capital of Bianjing (the modern day Kaifeng) when it fell to the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in 1127 during the beginning of the Jin-Song Wars. Narrowly
Emperor_Gaozong_of_Song
Nomadic people who founded the Liao dynasty in China
large script. After the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 following the Jurchen invasion, many Khitans followed Yelü Dashi's group westward to establish
Khitan_people
Song dynasty Chinese general (1103–1142)
its forces in the wars in the 12th century between Southern Song and the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in northern China. Because of his warlike stance, he was
Yue_Fei
General of Goryeo dynasty
Sukjong's coronation. Jurchen tribes lived to the north of Goryeo. The Jurchens always rendered tribute to the kings of Goryeo, but the Jurchen tribes grew strong
Yun_Kwan
Chinese linguist of Manchu ethnicity (born 1958)
linguist of Manchu ethnicity who is known for her studies of the Manchu, Jurchen and Khitan languages and scripts. She is also known as a historian of the
Aisin-Gioro_Ulhicun
Imperial dynasty of China (1368–1644)
Guard, and other peoples such as Jurchens were also prominent. He frequently wrote to Mongol, Japanese, Korean, Jurchen, Tibetan, and Southwest frontier
Ming_dynasty
Qing dynasty Chinese system
organisational structure of Manchu (Jurchen) society. The banner armies gradually evolved over time to include members from non-Jurchen/Manchu ethnic groups such
Identity_in_the_Eight_Banners
Para-Mongolic extinct language
which was a syllabary, was used until the Jurchen-speaking Jin dynasty (1115–1234) replaced it with the Jurchen script in 1191. The large script was logographic
Khitan_language
Country in East Asia
metallurgy and hydraulic machinery. The Song capital Kaifeng was overrun by the Jurchen-led Jin in 1127, forcing the Song to retreat to Southern China. During
China
1626 battle
series of defeats. The Ming had suffered a series of defeats against the Jurchens prior to 1626 and lost the key city of Shenyang in 1621 and the port city
Battle_of_Ningyuan
1636 invasion of Korea by Manchu China
translators. They replaced earlier interpreters of Jurchen, who had been trained using textbooks in the Jurchen script. Joseon's first textbooks of Manchu were
Qing_invasion_of_Joseon
Emperor of Song China from 1126 to 1127
Huizong's empress consort, Empress Wang. In 1126, when the forces of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty invaded the Northern Song dynasty beginning the first siege
Emperor_Qinzong
Goryeo government official
Jurchens on Goryeo's northeastern border. In 1104, after the defeat of the Goryeo army led by Im Kan (임간; 林幹) to the forces of the Eastern Jurchens,
Ch'ŏk_Chun'gyŏng
1113–1125 conflicts in East Asia
In the early 12th century, the Jurchen people led by the Wanyan chieftain Aguda rebelled against the Khitan-led Liao dynasty and conquered it in a series
Jin–Liao_wars
Chinese general
was charged with maintaining peaceful relations with the Jurchen tribes. The Jianzhou Jurchen chieftain Wang Gao (王杲) had frequently assaulted Ming cities
Li_Chengliang
religion of the Jurchen people of northeast Asia and of their descendants, the Manchu people. As early as the Jin dynasty (1115–1234), the Jurchens conducted
Shamanism during the Qing dynasty
Shamanism_during_the_Qing_dynasty
Ming Chinese military commander (1584–1630)
he is best known for defending Liaoning from invasions launched by the Jurchen-led Later Jin dynasty. As a general, Yuan Chonghuan excelled as a cannoneer
Yuan_Chonghuan
Jurchen clan leader
pinyin: Hánpǔ), later Wanyan Hanpu (Chinese: 完顏函普), was a leader of the Jurchen Wanyan clan in the early tenth century. According to the ancestral story
Hanpu
Prefecture in ancient China
their empire, Jurchen rulers often moved people from elsewhere in China to their capital, Shangjing. The first emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty
Huiningfu
1392–1897 Korean dynasty
boundaries at the rivers of Amnok and Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchens. Over the centuries, Joseon encouraged the entrenchment of Confucian ideals
Joseon
areas north of Shenyang. The Haixi Jurchens were "semi-agricultural, the Jianzhou Jurchens and Maolian (毛怜) Jurchens were sedentary, while hunting and
List_of_nomadic_peoples
Historical opposition to the Qing dynasty in China
Already hated by the Han Chinese because of the Manchus' ancestors, the Jurchen people, for the Jin–Song wars and the atrocities against them that followed
Anti-Qing_sentiment
1211–1234 campaign in northern China
known as the Mongol–Jin War, was fought between the Mongol Empire and the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in Manchuria and North China. The war, which started in
Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty
Mongol_conquest_of_the_Jin_dynasty
Jurchen chief (1370–1433)
Dudu Mengtemu (Manchu: ᡩᡠᡩᡠ ᠮᡝᡢᡨᡝ᠋ᠮᡠ; 孟特穆; Mèngtèmù) (1370–1433) was a Jurchen chieftain of the Odoli tribe, one of the three tribes of the lower Sunggari
Mengtemu
Bahai was a chieftain of the Wanyan tribe, the most dominant among the Jurchen tribes which later founded the Jin dynasty (1115–1234). He was the eldest
Bahai_(Jurchen)
Chinese-based script for Khitan language
be in use to some extent by the Jurchens for several decades after the fall of the Liao dynasty, until the Jurchens fully switched to a script of their
Khitan_small_script
Tungusic language subgroup
subgroup of Tungusic languages of northeastern China. Jurchenic languages Jurchen Manchu Xibe Bala † Alchuka † Chinese Kyakala † Bala, Alchuka, and Chinese
Jurchenic_languages
Korean general (1383–1453)
served King Sejong the Great as a general during the campaign against the Jurchens. In 1453, he was assassinated on the order of Grand Prince Suyang along
Kim_Chongsŏ
is a name introduced by Hong Taiji of the Qing dynasty in 1636 for the Jurchen people, a Tungusic people. The population grew from about 1 million in
History_of_Manchuria
Ethnic Jurchens in northeastern Korea
(Korean: 재가승; Hanja: 在家僧; lit. 'monks who live in houses') were descendants of Jurchen people who lived in northeastern Korea. They formed villages of married
Jaegaseung
Social movement
the Jurchen, practiced Jurchen culture, and spoke Jurchen, while Chinese banners (Hanjun, or Han Bannermen) included descendants of sinicized Jurchen who
De-Sinicization
Military unit
the Kharchin in 1622, joined the Jurchens in large numbers as part of formal sworn alliances; others submitted to Jurchen rule in a more sporadic process
Mongol_Eight_Banners
Alphabet used to write the Manchu language
from left to right. The Jurchens of a millennium ago became the ancestors of the Manchus when Nurhaci united the Jianzhou Jurchens (1593–1618) and his son
Manchu_alphabet
Series of fortifications in northern China
protecting it against potential incursions by Jurchen-Mongol Oriyanghan from the northwest and the Jianzhou Jurchens from the north. While stones and tiles were
Great_Wall_of_China
King of Joseon from 1455 to 1468
during his reign, he reformed administration, led campaigns against the Jurchens, revised land laws, promoted literature, and established court music. His
Sejo_of_Joseon
King of Goryeo from 1095 to 1105
without, most notably an 1104 invasion by the northern Jurchen tribes. Unable to repel the Jurchens by force, he sent his general Yun Kwan to raise an army
Sukjong_of_Goryeo
People and tribes in and around the Mongol Plateau before the 11th or 12th century
northern Korea, and North China. Over the next few hundred years, the Jurchens in China subtly encouraged warfare among the Mongols as a way of keeping
Proto-Mongols
Head of the House of Aisin-Gioro since 2015
Chieftain of Jianzhou Jurchens, 1370–1433 Cungšan, Chieftain of Jianzhou Jurchens, 1419–1467 Sibeoci Fiyanggū, Chieftain of Jianzhou Jurchens, d. 1522 Fuman
Jin_Yuzhang
Assimilation to Korean culture
against various groups of Jurchens. Sejong the Great resettled Koreans from southern Korea in his northern border area. Jurchens in Joseon were encouraged
Koreanization
Ming Dynasty stele
Haixi Jurchens and Jianzhou Jurchens in the Liaodong Peninsula and the area of modern Jilin province, giving official positions to the local Jurchen leaders
Yongning_Temple_Stele
Emperor of Jin from 1135 to 1150
personal name Hela, sinicised name Wanyan Dan, was the third emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He reigned for about 15 years from 1135 to 1150
Emperor_Xizong_of_Jin
Ancient ethnic group who lived in Northeast Asia
group from whom the Jurchen people descended. The Heishui Mohe in particular are considered to be the direct ancestors of the Jurchens, from whom the 17th
Mohe_people
Ethnolinguistic group
expanding Manchu (Jurchen). Their language is mutually intelligible with Manchu. The Nanai (Goldi) are also derived from the Jurchen. The Orok (Ulta) are
Tungusic_peoples
Jin dynasty general
(1080–1136), Jurchen name Nianhan, posthumous name Prince Huanzhong of Qin (秦桓忠王), was a noble and military general of China's Jurchen-led Jin dynasty
Wanyan_Zonghan
Part of the Jin–Song wars (1127)
that took place in 1127 during the Jin–Song wars when the troops of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty besieged and sacked Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng, Henan)
Jingkang_incident
Empires of the Eurasian steppes from classical antiquity to the early modern era
areas north of Shenyang. The Haixi Jurchens were "semi-agricultural, the Jianzhou Jurchens and Maolian (毛怜) Jurchens were sedentary, and hunting and fishing
Nomadic_empire
Empress consort of the Northern Song dynasty
position of empress. In 1127, the capital of Bianjing was captured by the Jurchen during the Jin–Song Wars. The Emperor Qinzong was deposed, and him, as
Empress_Zhu_(Song_dynasty)
Empress consort of the Southern Song dynasty
brother of Gaozong. In 1127, the capital of Kaifeng was captured by the Jurchen during the Jin–Song Wars. The Emperor Qinzong was deposed, and him, as
Empress_Xing
Korean clans with non-Korean founders
analysis, the breakdown is as follows: 122,268 Balhae refugees, 97,662 of Jurchen descent, 13,273 of Yuan descent, 4,072 of Khitan descent, 348 of Japanese
Korean clans of foreign origin
Korean_clans_of_foreign_origin
1019 invasion of northern Kyūshū by Jurchen pirates
(Japanese: 刀伊の入寇, Hepburn: Toi no nyūkō) was the invasion of northern Kyushu by Jurchen pirates in 1019. Toi (되, twoy) meant "barbarian" in Middle Korean. The
Toi_invasion
2008 South Korean television series
The Great King, Sejong (Korean: 대왕 세종) is a 2008 South Korean historical television series depicting the life of the fourth monarch of Joseon, Sejong the
The_Great_King,_Sejong
Ming dynasty administrative unit in Manchuria
at Nurgan City (modern-day Tyr, Russia). Nurgan ( nu ru (g)ə(n)) in the Jurchen language means "painting". The seat was nominally established in 1409,
Nurgan Regional Military Commission
Nurgan_Regional_Military_Commission
Military and administrative divisions of the Qing dynasty
armies played an instrumental role in his unification of the fragmented Jurchen people (who would later be renamed the "Manchu" under Nurhaci's son Hong
Eight_Banners
Manchu clan and family name
clan is one of the oldest Jurchen-Manchu surnames, tracing its origins to the Nalan clan recorded among the “Thirty Common Jurchen Surnames” (女真通用三十姓) of
Nara_clan
Series of armed conflicts conducted by Jin dynasty
armed conflicts conducted by the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty and the Song dynasty in the 12th and 13th centuries. The Jurchens were a Tungusic–speaking tribal
Timeline_of_the_Jin–Song_wars
History of Primorsky Krai territory
Jürchens into three groups: the Jianzhou Jürchens, the Haixi Jürchens, and the Haidong Jürchens (also called "wild" Jürchens). The Jianzhou Jürchens consisted
History_of_Primorye
Emperor of Jin from 1150 to 1161
title Prince of Hailing (海陵王, Hǎilíng Wáng), was the fourth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He was the second son of Wanyan Zonggan, the
Wanyan_Liang
JURCHEN
JURCHEN
JURCHEN
JURCHEN
Girl/Female
Tamil
Krishnas mother
Girl/Female
Muslim
Blessedness, Beatitude
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Marathi
King of the World; Moonlight
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Understanding.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
One who is Blissful through Guru
Girl/Female
Muslim
Heaven
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Splendour
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English
Blend of Jar or Jer and Gareth
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Elixir
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess Saraswati
JURCHEN
JURCHEN
JURCHEN
JURCHEN
JURCHEN