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Protein family
Troponin C (TnC) is part of the troponin protein complex. There are two subtypes in humans: Troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles (TNNC1) (3p21
Troponin_C
Protein complex
Troponin, or the troponin complex, is a complex of three subunits of specialized regulatory proteins –troponin C, troponin I, and troponin T, that are
Troponin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles (TN-C) is a protein encoded in the human by the TNNC1 gene. TN-C resides in the troponin complex on actin
Troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles
Troponin_C,_slow_skeletal_and_cardiac_muscles
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Troponin C, skeletal muscle (sTnC) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNC2 gene. It is the troponin C paralog expressed in fast-twitching
Troponin_C,_skeletal_muscle
Muscle protein family
actin-tropomyosin complex in place. Troponin I prevents myosin from binding to actin in relaxed muscle. When calcium binds to the troponin C, it causes conformational
Troponin_I
Protein family
Troponin T (shortened TnT or TropT) is a part of the troponin complex, which are proteins integral to the contraction of skeletal and heart muscles. They
Troponin_T
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
acids. Cardiac TnT is the largest of the three troponin subunits (cTnT, troponin I (TnI), troponin C (TnC)) on the actin thin filament of cardiac muscle
Troponin_T,_cardiac_muscle
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
An Error has occurred retrieving Wikidata item for infobox Troponin I, fast skeletal muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNI2 gene. The
Troponin I, fast skeletal muscle
Troponin_I,_fast_skeletal_muscle
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
tissue-specific subtype of troponin I, which in turn is a part of the troponin complex. The TNNI3 gene encoding cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is located at 19q13
Troponin_I,_cardiac_muscle,
Activation of tension-generating sites in muscle
adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Pi. Two Ca2+ ions bind to troponin C on the actin filaments. The troponin-Ca2+ complex causes tropomyosin to slide over and unblock
Muscle_contraction
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
family of calcium-binding proteins that includes calmodulin, parvalbumin, troponin C, and S100 protein. In the intestine, the protein is vitamin D-dependent
S100G
Scientific method
"Genetically encoded indicators of cellular calcium dynamics based on troponin C and green fluorescent protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279
Calcium_imaging
Messenger protein
motifs. However, troponin C contains an additional alpha-helix at its N-terminus, and is constitutively bound to its target, troponin I. It therefore does
Calmodulin
Topics referred to by the same term
Haplogroup C-M130 (Y-DNA), a Y-chromosomal DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroup once called simply C C-value, DNA contained within a haploid nucleus Troponin C, one of
C_(disambiguation)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Troponin T, slow skeletal muscle (TnTs) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNT1 gene. The TNNT1 gene is located at 19q13.4 in the human chromosomal
Troponin T, slow skeletal muscle
Troponin_T,_slow_skeletal_muscle
Protein helix–loop–helix motif
domain of the signaling protein calmodulin and in the muscle protein troponin-C. The calcium ion is coordinated in a pentagonal bipyramidal configuration
EF_hand
Cellular process
muscle cells, the most important buffers within the cytoplasm include troponin C, SERCA, calmodulin, and myosin, while the most important within calcium
Calcium_buffering
Enlargement of the heart muscle
is earlier and leads to more severe symptoms. Moreover, mutations on troponin C can alter Ca+2 sensibility on force development in cardiac muscle, these
Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Troponin T, fast skeletal muscle (TnTf) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNT3 gene. TNNT3 is located on chromosome 11 (p15.5), encoding the
Troponin T, fast skeletal muscle
Troponin_T,_fast_skeletal_muscle
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Troponin I, slow skeletal muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNI1 gene. It is a tissue-specific subtype of troponin I, which in turn
TNNI1
Protein found in humans
gene encodes an intracellular calcium-binding protein belonging to the troponin C superfamily. Members of this protein family have six EF-hand domains which
Calretinin
Biological process
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT9 SYT11 SYT13 SYT14 S100 S100P Troponin C TNNC1 TNNC2 Calcium-dependent chaperones Calreticulin Calnexin HSPA5 HSP90B1
Calcium-induced calcium release
Calcium-induced_calcium_release
Protein domain
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT9 SYT11 SYT13 SYT14 S100 S100P Troponin C TNNC1 TNNC2 Calcium-dependent chaperones Calreticulin Calnexin HSPA5 HSP90B1
Fibulin
Calcium-binding protein with low molecular weight
has three EF hand motifs and is structurally related to calmodulin and troponin C. Parvalbumin is found in fast-contracting muscles, where its levels are
Parvalbumin
Organ found in humans and other animals
period. Calcium ions also combine with the regulatory protein troponin C in the troponin complex to enable contraction of the cardiac muscle, and separate
Heart
Biomarkers relevant to heart function
the markers currently used are enzymes. For example, in formal usage, troponin would not be listed as a cardiac enzyme. Measuring cardiac biomarkers can
Cardiac_marker
likely important for their functions. Calbindin Calmodulin Calsequestrin Troponin Kinjo, Tashi G; Schnetkamp, Paul PM. Ca2+ Chemistry, Storage and Transport
Calcium-binding_protein
mutation on Troponin C (cTNC) that leads to a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The coordinated cardiac muscle contraction is regulated by the troponin complex
A8V
Protein
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT9 SYT11 SYT13 SYT14 S100 S100P Troponin C TNNC1 TNNC2 Calcium-dependent chaperones Calreticulin Calnexin HSPA5 HSP90B1
Calbindin
effects like vasodilation. Levosimendan and pimobendan augment cardiac troponin C binding to calcium in addition to other actions, whereas omecantiv mecarbil
Calcium_sensitizer
Calcium-binding protein
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT9 SYT11 SYT13 SYT14 S100 S100P Troponin C TNNC1 TNNC2 Calcium-dependent chaperones Calreticulin Calnexin HSPA5 HSP90B1
Calsequestrin
Repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell
moved to uncover the binding sites on the actin. Calcium ions bind with troponin C molecules (which are dispersed throughout the tropomyosin protein) and
Sarcomere
Plant-derived medication
increased calcium concentrations lead to the binding of more calcium to troponin C, which results in increased inotropy. Increased intracellular calcium
Digoxin
Protein
calprotectin. S100A8 (calgranulin A) S100A9 (calgranulin B) S100A12 (calgranulin C) Some in vitro evidence suggests that calgranulin can inhibit the precipitation
Calgranulin
Mutation that shifts codon alignment
the Troponin C gene (TNNC1) are a rare genetic cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A recent study has indicated that a frameshift mutation (c.363dupG
Frameshift_mutation
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
dumbbell shape of other calcium-binding proteins like calmodulin and troponin C. Recoverin undergoes a conformational change in a [Ca2+]-dependent way
Recoverin
Class of intracellular transport proteins
feedback mechanism of the ryanodine receptor. The activation of phospholipase C by GPCR or RTK triggers the production of inositol trisphosphate, which activates
Ryanodine_receptor
Family of vertebrate proteins involved in cell division and inflammation
(calgranulin A), S100A9 (calgranulin B), S100A10, S100A11, S100A12 (calgranulin C), S100A13, S100A14, S100A16 S100B, S100G, S100P, S100Z (S100Z) CRNN, FLG,
S100_protein
Heart muscle's ability to contract
calcium sequestration also leads to an increase in lusitropy. Sensitizing troponin-C to the effects of calcium. Phosphorylating L-type calcium channels. This
Myocardial_contractility
Part of the cardiac cycle when a heart chamber contracts
the sarcoplasm. Calcium ions bind to troponin C, causing a conformational (i.e., structural) change in the troponin-tropomyosin protein complex, causing
Systole
Relationship between stroke volume and end diastolic volume
Other biochemical pathways, including the phosphorylation of troponin I and troponin C, have been shown to decrease the interfilament distance between
Frank–Starling_law
Chemical compound
a troponin activator. "Reldesemtiv - Astellas Pharma/Cytokinetics". AdisInsight. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Collibee SE, Bergnes G, Chuang C, Ashcraft
Reldesemtiv
Intracellular communication process
pathway that increases cytoplasmic calcium concentration is the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway. Many cell surface receptors, including G protein-coupled receptors
Calcium_signaling
Chemical compound
Cyclic ADP-ribose, frequently abbreviated as cADPR, is a cyclic adenine nucleotide (like cAMP) with two phosphate groups present on 5' OH of the adenosine
Cyclic_ADP-ribose
Study of biological and neural mechanisma in behaviour
"Genetically Encoded Indicators of Cellular Calcium Dynamics Based on Troponin C and Green Fluorescent Protein". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (14):
Behavioral_neuroscience
Point mutation
point mutation on troponin C that leads to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy disease. This mutation is caused by the change of nucleotide C to A at nucleotide
D145E
Chemical compound
a phospholipid that is located in the plasma membrane, by phospholipase C (PLC). Together with diacylglycerol (DAG), IP3 is a second messenger molecule
Inositol_trisphosphate
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up ToC in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ToC may refer to: Troponin C, a protein component Theory of Computing, a scientific journal TOC (disambiguation)
ToC
Pharmaceutical drug
effect by increasing calcium sensitivity of myocytes by binding to cardiac troponin C in a calcium-dependent manner. It also has a vasodilatory effect, by opening
Levosimendan
One of three major types of muscle
of the calcium transient. The Ca2+ released into the cytosol binds to Troponin C by the actin filaments, to allow crossbridge cycling, producing force
Skeletal_muscle
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Treg recruitment; in a clinical study of intratumoral TLR3 agonist (poly(I:C)) therapy, elevated tumor ANXA1 predicted non-response (predictive accuracy
Annexin_A1
Naturally occurring Chemical compound
binding sites consisting of two tyrosine residues, such as calmodulin and troponin C, are especially prone to this reaction as a result of coordination of
Dityrosine
Protein family
characterized by an N-terminal transmembrane region (TMR), a variable linker, and two C-terminal C2 domains - C2A and C2B. There are 17 isoforms in the mammalian
Synaptotagmin
Class of heart medication
protein called troponin, which initiates the process of muscle contraction. Calcium sensitizers function by binding to cardiac troponin C, thereby enhancing
Cardiotonic_agent
Calcium-binding protein
fact that "Calexcitin is also a high affinity substrate for protein kinase C. Application of calexcitin to the inner surface of inside-out patches of human
Calexcitin
Protease enzyme present in mammals and other organisms
AA; Perkovic, M; Bulliard, Y; Cichutek, K; Trono, D; Häussinger, D; Münk, C (August 2013). "Prototype foamy virus Bet impairs the dimerization and cytosolic
Calpain
Method of analysing cardiac performance
myocyte. This stretches the muscle fibers, increasing the affinity of troponin C to Ca2+ ions, causing a greater number of cross-bridges to form within
Pressure–volume loop analysis in cardiology
Pressure–volume_loop_analysis_in_cardiology
Protein family
1038/320636a0. PMID 2422556. S2CID 4361070. Geisow MJ, Walker JH, Boustead C, Taylor W (April 1987). "Annexins – a new family of Ca2+ -regulated phospholipid-binding
Annexin
Calcium-activated photoprotein
"Genetically encoded indicators of cellular calcium dynamics based on troponin C and green fluorescent protein". J Biol Chem. 279 (14): 14280–14286. doi:10
Aequorin
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT9 SYT11 SYT13 SYT14 S100 S100P Troponin C TNNC1 TNNC2 Calcium-dependent chaperones Calreticulin Calnexin HSPA5 HSP90B1
Intracellular calcium-sensing proteins
Intracellular_calcium-sensing_proteins
Mammalian protein found in Mus musculus
properly, it must have elevated levels of cAMP and the sugar mannose, which is present in the vitreous of the eye. cAMP increases the effectiveness of oncomodulin
Oncomodulin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
phosphorylation results in its facilitated dissociation of calcium from troponin C (TnC) which speeds the muscle relaxation (positive lusitropy). Potassium
Beta-1_adrenergic_receptor
Group of voltage-gated ion channels permeable to Ca2+
mechanical-gating or CICR, Ca2+ is released from the SR and is able to bind to troponin C on the actin filaments. The muscles then contract through the sliding
Voltage-gated_calcium_channel
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
PMID 680371. Puchacz E, Lian JB, Stein GS, Wozney J, Huebner K, Croce C (May 1989). "Chromosomal localization of the human osteocalcin gene". Endocrinology
Osteocalcin
Soluble protein
National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Beutler E, West C, Gelbart T (June 1997). "HLA-H and associated proteins in patients with hemochromatosis"
Calreticulin
Movement and regulation of calcium ions and body fluids in and out of the body
striated muscles), bind to the troponin C protein present on the actin-containing thin filaments of the myofibrils. The troponin's 3D structure changes as a
Calcium_metabolism
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ZY, Mattei MG, Timpl R, Chu ML (January 1995). "Fibulin-2 (FBLN2): human cDNA sequence, mRNA expression, and mapping of the gene on human and mouse chromosomes"
FBLN2
interconnected with cAMP, they are called synarchic messengers. Calcium can bind to several different calcium-modulated proteins such as troponin-C (the first
Calcium_in_biology
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
cells. This protein is found as a pentamer and is a major substrate for the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in cardiac muscle. In the unphosphorylated
Phospholamban
Protein found in humans
Library of Medicine. Takahashi S, Reddy SV, Chirgwin JM, Devlin R, Haipek C, Anderson J, Roodman GD (November 1994). "Cloning and identification of annexin
Annexin_A2
British epidemiologist and academic
Retrieved 2025-06-09. "The interactions of cardiac and skeletal troponin I and troponin C | WorldCat.org". search.worldcat.org. Retrieved 2025-06-04. Stanley
Melanie_Calvert
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT9 SYT11 SYT13 SYT14 S100 S100P Troponin C TNNC1 TNNC2 Calcium-dependent chaperones Calreticulin Calnexin HSPA5 HSP90B1
Neuronal_calcium_sensor
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Green NM, MacLennan DH (August 1989). "Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA encoding a lumenal calcium binding glycoprotein from sarcoplasmic reticulum"
Sarcalumenin
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
subdomains (S1-S3) join to form an extended β-sheet, as do the β-sheets of the C-terminal subdomains (S4-S6). Among the lipid-binding actin regulatory proteins
Gelsolin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim
FBLN5
Fourth stage of death
is introduced into the cytosol, it binds to the troponin of thin filaments, which causes the troponin-tropomyosin complex to change shape and allow the
Rigor_mortis
Family of proteins that form microfilaments
the tropomyosin thread, these are the troponins that have three polymers: troponin I, troponin T, and troponin C. F-actin is both strong and dynamic. Unlike
Actin
Chemical compound
calcium to be released, thereby making more calcium available to bind to troponin-C, which increases contractility (inotropy). Inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase
Cerberin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Fujishiro M, Noguchi T (April 1994). "Molecular cloning of human hippocalcin cDNA and chromosomal mapping of its gene". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 200
Hippocalcin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1182/blood.V84.5.1415.1415. PMID 8068938. Vermes I, Haanen C, Steffens-Nakken H, Reutelingsperger C (Jul 1995). "A novel assay for apoptosis. Flow cytometric
Annexin_A5
Higher release of Calcium in cells
O.; Moult, J.; James, M. (1986). "Calcium Binding to Skeletal Muscle Troponin C and the Regulation of Muscle Contraction". In David Evered; Julie Whelan
Calcium_sparks
Canadian biophysicist
calcium binding properties of troponin C – the protein responsible for the initiation of muscle contraction. Troponin C has long been associated with
Bernard_H._Bressler
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Long GL (Jul 1989). "Structure of human osteonectin based upon analysis of cDNA and genomic sequences". Biochemistry. 28 (15): 6483–91. doi:10.1021/bi00441a049
Osteonectin
Mammalian protein found in humans
(644): 771–6. doi:10.1038/364771a0. PMID 8102790. S2CID 4340769. Hammond C, Braakman I, Helenius A (1984). "Role of N-linked oligosaccharide recognition
Calnexin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
variants designated fibulin-1A, B, C and D, which differ in their carboxy terminal regions. In mouse, chicken and the nematode, C. elegans, only two fibulin-1
FBLN1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ratio of α-Tm to β-Tm is roughly 5:1. Tm functions in association with the troponin complex to regulate the calcium-dependent interaction of actin and myosin
TPM1
Self-stable region of a protein's chain that folds independently from the rest
domain of the signaling protein calmodulin and in the muscle protein troponin-C. Foldon domain: A small protein domain from fibritin in T4 bacteriophage
Protein_domain
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT9 SYT11 SYT13 SYT14 S100 S100P Troponin C TNNC1 TNNC2 Calcium-dependent chaperones Calreticulin Calnexin HSPA5 HSP90B1
Neurocalcin
Specific location in the body containing stem cells
down-regulate Isl1 while up-regulating mature cardiac markers such as troponin C. There is a current controversy over the role of Isl1+ cells in the cardiovascular
Stem-cell_niche
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Cloning and characterization of cDNA sequences corresponding to myosin light chains 1, 2, and 3, troponin-C, troponin-T, alpha-tropomyosin, and alpha-actin"
MYLPF
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Adams L, Chosay J, Lowery D, Greenberg B, et al. (August 1991). "Actin, troponin C, Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and pro-interleukin 1 beta as substrates
ACTA2
Chemical compound
colleagues discovered not one but two Ca2+-mobilizing second messengers, cADPR and NAADP from the effects of nucleotides on Ca2+ release in sea urchin
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinic_acid_adenine_dinucleotide_phosphate
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Yem A, Deibel MR, Zürcher-Neely H, Heinrikson RL (Aug 1991). "Actin, troponin C, Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and pro-interleukin 1 beta as substrates
Actin,_cytoplasmic_2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
in association with α-tropomyosin and the troponin complex—composed of troponin I, troponin C and troponin T—to modulated the actin and myosin interaction
TPM2
Italian professor of physics
Green Tea Polyphenol (–)-Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate with Cardiac Muscle Troponin C". PLOS ONE. 8 (7) e70556. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...870556B. doi:10.1371/journal
Carla_Molteni
Interruption of cardiac blood supply
(STEMI), if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB. Treatment of an MI is time-critical
Myocardial_infarction
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Shirasawa T, Hino O, Shirai T, Maruyama N (September 1995). "Isolation of cDNA clone encoding human homologue of senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)
Regucalcin
Protein found in humans
the calcium-binding protein superfamily that includes calmodulin and troponin C. Originally described as a 27 kDa protein, it is now known to be a 28
Calbindin_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
phosphorylates cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in complex with troponin C (cTnC); phosphorylation on cTnI at residues Serine-43
PRKCE
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Filamin-C (FLN-C) also known as actin-binding-like protein (ABPL) or filamin-2 (FLN2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLNC gene. Filamin-C is
Filamin-C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C
TROPONIN C