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2nd government of the Italian Republic
The third De Gasperi government held office in the Italian Republic from 2 February 1947 until 31 May 1947, a total of 119 days, or 3 months and 30 days
Third_De_Gasperi_government
Prime Minister of Italy from 1945 to 1953
prime minister of Italy in eight successive coalition governments from 1945 to 1953. De Gasperi was the last prime minister of the Kingdom of Italy, serving
Alcide_De_Gasperi
Short-lived communist state in Italy
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Red_Republic_of_Caulonia
Italian writer, filmmaker, poet, and intellectual (1922–1975)
Communist Party (PCI) establishment and, most importantly, by the Italian government. It initiated a lawsuit for "obscenity" against Pasolini and his publisher
Pier_Paolo_Pasolini
Italian Marxist philosopher, writer, and politician (1891–1937)
and saw them as preparing "the whole class for the aims of conquest and government". Although he believed his position at this time to be in keeping with
Antonio_Gramsci
Italian politician
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Ruggero_Grieco
Italian World War II resistance movement
they were disbanded in 1947. The CLN was de facto dissolved with the end of the third De Gasperi government in 1947. "CLN". Dizionario di Storia (in Italian)
National_Liberation_Committee
Italian politician and revolutionary (1879–1945)
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Nicola_Bombacci
Italian politician
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Costantino_Lazzari
Italian combatant organizations opposed to Nazi-Fascism
April 1945. General underground Italian opposition to the Fascist Italian government existed even before World War II, but open and armed resistance followed
Italian_resistance_movement
Italian Marxist–Leninist militant group
murder of Moro, they were instrumental in blocking the PCI's road to government. In the words of historian David Broder, rather than causing through their
Red_Brigades
Italian political movement
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Autonomia_Operaia
Italian politician (1921–1964)
congress of the Italian Socialist Party, Panzieri opposed the creation of a governmental accord with Christian Democracy. This led to his expulsion from the party
Raniero_Panzieri
Italian Western Marxist philosopher
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Lucio_Colletti
Italian scholar and translator
Alain Badiou. Tokyo: Koshisha, 2017. Una visión compleja. Hacia una estética de la economía. Lima: Meier Ramirez, 2020. La abstracción real. Filosofia, estética
Alberto_Toscano
Political party in Italy (1921–1991)
" As part of the May 1947 crises, the PCI was excluded from government. Alcide De Gasperi, the DC leader and prime minister of Italy, was losing popularity
Italian_Communist_Party
Italian trade unionist and politician (1921–1996)
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Luciano_Lama
Italian professor of philosophy
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Galvano_Della_Volpe
Political party in Italy
and 1.5% in Tuscany, Marche and Umbria. In March 2025 the PCI held its third congress, during which Alboresi was re-elected secretary. The party declares
Italian Communist Party (2016)
Italian_Communist_Party_(2016)
Italian Marxist tendency
from its alliance with the Communists towards a centre-left coalition government. It was within this context of political and theoretical malaise that
Operaismo
Italian Red Brigade leader (born 1941)
Brigades. Portions of this article were taken from a report of the US Government's Library of Congress Orsini, Alessandro (2011-03-25). Anatomy of the Red
Renato_Curcio
Rebellion in modern day Croatia
Istria, then a territory of the Kingdom of Italy, against the fascist government. It began in early February 1921 and was quelled on 5 April 1921. Almost
Proština_rebellion
Italian socialist song
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Bandiera_Rossa
Abduction and murder of Italian statesman
stronger influence of Ciriaco De Mita (from 1982 to 1989), Andreotti, and Arnaldo Forlani (from 1989), the DC remained a government party until 1994. In the
Kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro
Kidnapping_and_murder_of_Aldo_Moro
Italian political network, founded in 1998
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Network_of_Communists
Marxist theory of cultural dominance
various categories of traditional intellectuals experience through an esprit de corps their uninterrupted historical continuity, and their special qualifications
Cultural_hegemony
Italian philosopher and activist (born 1949)
Interpreting Depression. London: Repeater Books, 2024. ISBN 9781915672513 The Third Unconscious: The Psychosphere in the Viral Age. London & New York: Verso
Franco_Berardi
Concept from critical theory and post-colonial studies
power. In Toward a New Legal Common Sense (2002), the sociologist Boaventura de Sousa Santos applied the term subaltern cosmopolitanism to describe the counter-hegemonic
Subaltern_(postcolonialism)
Political party in Italy
(PRC) in 1998. Before becoming a tiny party, the PdCI was a party of government and controlled dozens of seats in the Parliament. Cesare Procaccini, a
Communist Party of Italy (2014)
Communist_Party_of_Italy_(2014)
Former leader of the Italian Communist Party (1900–1980)
Following the 1940 invasion of France, the Vichy-based collaborationist government was established under Philippe Pétain. Longo was arrested and detained
Luigi_Longo
Years-long change in political order, in Gramscian discourse
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Passive_revolution
Left-wing political alliance in Italy
on 9 July 2022 by Luigi de Magistris. During a national assembly of Democracy and Autonomy (DemA) in January 2022, Luigi de Magistris, party leader and
People's_Union_(Italy)
Defunct political party in Italy
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist)
Communist_Party_of_Italy_(Marxist–Leninist)
Radical left-wing Italian political group
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Potere_Operaio
Italian publisher and businessman (1926–1972)
Schönthal, who gave birth to a son named Carlo. Inge eventually became the de facto head of Feltrinelli Editore as Feltrinelli came to devote himself to
Giangiacomo_Feltrinelli
Series of essays by Antonio Gramsci
consent. The state is not to be understood in the narrow sense of the government; instead, Gramsci divides it between political society, which is the arena
Prison_Notebooks
Red Brigade leader (1945–1975)
[marɡeˈriːta kaˈɡɔl]; 8 April 1945 – 5 June 1975), also known by her nom de guerre Mara ([ˈmaːra]), was a leader of the Italian far-left urban guerrilla
Margherita_Cagol
Italian communist politician (1922–1984)
Western bloc during the Cold War, as terza via (third way, with no relation to the centrist liberal Third Way movement and the politics practised by subsequent
Enrico_Berlinguer
Italian politician and Marxist (1889–1970)
organisations to fight for social reforms and even to form a workers' government. Bordiga saw this as a reversion to the failed tactics of the pre-war
Amadeo_Bordiga
Italian far-left terrorist group
Terrorism of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 66. Valerio Evangelisti, (in French) Valerio Evangelisti
Armed Proletarians for Communism
Armed_Proletarians_for_Communism
Italian political party
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Anticapitalist_Left_(Italy)
Revolutionary period in Italy, 1919–1920
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Biennio_Rosso
Confrontation and/or opposition to existing status quo and its legitimacy in politics
a close few could be the deterministic factor between a decentralized government and a dictatorship. Critical terrorism studies Cultural hegemony Far-left
Counterhegemony
Left-wing political coalition in Italy from 1947 to 1948
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Popular Democratic Front (Italy)
Popular_Democratic_Front_(Italy)
Defunct Trotskyist party in Italy
Cabinet and the latter was responsible of the first major crisis of the government on 22 February 2007. After this, Turigliatto was expelled from the PRC
Critical_Left
Italian Marxist-anarchist (1846–1892)
the internationalists were already facing heavy repression from the government of Giovanni Lanza. Together with Gambuzzi, Malatesta and Palladino, Cafiero
Carlo_Cafiero
Political magazine in Italy (1944–1991)
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Rinascita
Italian politician (1907–1986)
response from governments when they set up the "ad hoc assembly" of 1952–3. It was Spinelli who persuaded Italian Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi to insist
Altiero_Spinelli
Political party in Italy
"Italy's fragmented left". Le Monde diplomatique. "Italy's Berlusconi wins third term by surprise margin". The Sydney Morning Herald. 15 April 2008. La Cosa
The_Left_–_The_Rainbow
Political party in Italy
disappointed by the failure of the Italian left to establish a national government, but its focus on capturing power at the very top had always gone against
Proletarian Unity Party (Italy)
Proletarian_Unity_Party_(Italy)
Political party in Italy
weekly, respectively. In January 1986, after a decision of the party's third congress, it came out at 12 pages. By April 2004, it further expanded to
Italian Marxist–Leninist Party
Italian_Marxist–Leninist_Party
Far-left terrorist group in Italy, active 1969–1971
were dissatisfied with the groups inability to enact change within the government The October 22 Group was inspired by left-wing, anti-fascist, and Maoist
October_22_Group
Italian anarchist (1853–1932)
with enthusiasm. After leaving Gallo, however, they were arrested by government troops and held for sixteen months before being acquitted. After Giovanni
Errico_Malatesta
Italian philosopher and politician (1936–2023)
último Vattimo: Lección inaugural curso 2019-2020 de los Centros Teológicos de Málaga, Diócesis de Málaga, D.L. 2019. Depósito Legal:MA 1158-2019, ISBN 978-84-0914742-7
Gianni_Vattimo
Italian Marxist–Leninist terrorist group
return fire at the terrorists, who then threw a grenade and ran away. The third member of the patrol, 23-year old policeman Fausto Dionisi, was killed.
Prima_Linea
Italian communist politician (1893-1979)
to the Gramsci and Togliatti-led leadership's support for a "workers' government" in place of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the formation of
Onorato_Damen
Italian philosopher (1952–2025)
Peur. Ambivalence du Désenchantement Suivi de les Labyrinthes de la Langue (1991); Paris-Combas: Editions de l'éclat Mondanità. L'idea di "Mondo" tra Esperienza
Paolo_Virno
Political organization in Italy
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Italian Communist Youth Federation
Italian_Communist_Youth_Federation
1969–70 strikes in Northern Italy
The Hot Autumn occurred at a time of major weakness within the Italian government. The Christian Democracy had been in office for 20 years. During the latter
Hot_Autumn
Italian far-left militant movement (1969–1976)
included Adriano Sofri, Mauro Rostagno, Guido Viale, Giorgio Pietrostefani, Erri De Luca, Paolo Brogi and Marco Boato. Other notable contributors included Gad
Lotta_Continua
Political party in Italy
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Proletarian_Democracy
Italian politician and statesman (1893–1964)
Togliatti acknowledged De Gasperi as "the main exponent of the strongest among the popular and democratic parties on which the government will have to be based"
Palmiro_Togliatti
Ideology of the Italian Communist Party
Togliatti's report "For an Italian road to socialism, for a democratic government of the working classes", which would become the official ideology of the
Italian_road_to_socialism
Italian politician (born 1936)
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Achille_Occhetto
Political party in Italy
mappa completa dei candidati. Lo speciale "LIT - CI | Liga Internacional de los Trabajadores - Cuarta Internacional - LIT-CI" (in Spanish). 2021-12-11
Communist_Alternative_Party
1st legislature of the Italian Republic (1948–1953)
party's absolute majority in the Italian Parliament, Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi continued to govern at the head of the centrist coalition, which was successively
Legislature_I_of_Italy
Italian engineer and politician (1887–1974)
minister of transport to the second De Gasperi government on 13 June and held the post also in the third De Gasperi government until 31 May 1947. Ferrari was
Giacomo_Ferrari_(politician)
Political party
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Lega_Trotskista_d'Italia
Weekly children's magazine in Italy (1950–1970)
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Il_Pioniere
Italian political party
(PRC) by Communist MPs who had endorsed the vote of confidence in the government of Lamberto Dini (which was also supported by the Democratic Party of
Movement of Unitarian Communists
Movement_of_Unitarian_Communists
Italian politician and statesman (1908–1999)
founders of the modern Italian centre-left. Beginning as a protégé of Alcide De Gasperi, Fanfani achieved cabinet rank at a young age and occupied all the major
Amintore_Fanfani
Italian leftist daily newspaper
it ceased again on 3 June 2017. On 16 May 2023, it was relaunched for a third time as an independent publication under the editorship of Piero Sansonetti
L'Unità
Italian lawyer and politician
merger of three ministries (War, Navy, and Air Force) under the Third De Gasperi government (February – May 1947). Senator of the Republic by appointment
Luigi_Gasparotto
Defunct Italian newspaper (1991–2014)
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Liberazione_(newspaper)
President of Italy from 2006 to 2015
Turco–Napolitano Act [it]. This bill was partially reformed by the third Berlusconi government in 2002 with the Bossi–Fini Act [it]. Napolitano remained Minister
Giorgio_Napolitano
Italian politician (born 1935)
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Giovanni_Scuderi
1947 mass killing by Sicilian separatists in Sicily, Italy
national government (under Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi), which would lead to the expulsion of the communists and socialist from government, as well
Portella della Ginestra massacre
Portella_della_Ginestra_massacre
Italian politician (1918–2001)
to contest the 1948 Italian general election that was won by Alcide De Gasperi's DC. As a member of the PCI, he was re-elected in all subsequent elections
Alessandro_Natta
Method of political organisation
The concept was advanced in The Lyon Theses (1926) in the context of the Third International: "The communist parties must achieve an organic centralism
Organic_centralism
Italian politician, journalist and anti-fascist
Democrats and the Italian Communist Party the composition of the Third De Gasperi government which included the DC-PSI alliance-PCI, without the Italian Republican
Olindo_Vernocchi
Italian politician (born 1956)
Justice in the first government of Massimo D'Alema, becoming one of the only two party members who were part of that government. He maintained the position
Oliviero_Diliberto
Italian politician (1876–1961)
as the minister of labor and social security in the second government of Alcide De Gasperi between 1946 and 1947. Giuseppe Romita succeeded him as minister
Ludovico_D'Aragona
International relations theory
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Neo-Gramscianism
63rd Government of Kingdom of Italy
Bonomi III government of Italy held office from 12 December 1944 until 21 June 1945, a total of 190 days, or 6 months and 10 days. The government was composed
Third_Bonomi_government
Italian philosopher and politician (1931–2023)
L'intégralité de l'ouvrage Ouvriers et Capital avec suppléments, sur le site de Multitudes. "Storia e critica del concetto di democrazia" (intervention de M. Tronti
Mario_Tronti
Italian Marxist philosopher and historian (1941–2018)
that would curb the excesses of civil society. Hegel had lobbied for the government to provide children with free public education to protect them from whims
Domenico_Losurdo
Italian political philosopher (1933–2023)
Christian Democratic Party, Aldo Moro, and plotting to overthrow the government. At the time, Negri was a political science professor at the University
Antonio_Negri
Italian government agency (1861–1947)
as the Italian Army (Italian: Esercito Italiano). Under the Third De Gasperi government, by Decree Number 17 of the provisional head of state on 4 February
Ministry_of_War_(Italy)
the foreign delegates Kabakchiev, Rosa Bloch, Jules Humbert-Droz, Balfour, de:Paul Böttcher and Arvid G. Hansen and the interventions of Bruno Fortichiari
I Congress of the Communist Party of Italy
I_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Italy
Italian government agency (1925–1947)
17 of the provisional head of state of 4 February 1947, the Third De Gasperi government ordered the dissolution of the Ministry of the Air Force, Ministry
Ministry of the Air Force (Italy)
Ministry_of_the_Air_Force_(Italy)
Political party in Italy
it was clearly aimed at easing the anti-popular measures operated by governments. On 21 January 2017, it was held in Rome the II National Congress in
Communist_Party_(Italy)
Italian government agency (1861–1947)
Ministero della marina mercantile) on 13 July 1946. Under the Third De Gasperi government, by Decree Number 17 of the provisional head of state on 4 February
Ministry_of_the_Navy_(Italy)
Italian daily newspaper
the newspaper such as the satirical poet Stefano Benni, the novelist Erri De Luca, and the novelist, philosopher, and linguist Umberto Eco. Additionally
Il_manifesto
Head of government
Republic, the governments were led by De Gasperi, who is also considered a founding father of the European Union. After the death of De Gasperi, Italy returned
Prime_Minister_of_Italy
Trotskyist political group in Italy
Aventine Secession Italian Resistance Red Republic of Caulonia Third De Gasperi government Portella della Ginestra massacre May 1947 crises Manifesto of
Countercurrent_(Italy,_2006)
Italian former terrorist and author
from Pietro Mutti. He was sentenced to life in prison in 1995. After the de facto repeal of the Mitterrand doctrine in 2002, Battisti fled to Brazil under
Cesare_Battisti_(militant)
French policy on extradition
extradited to Italy. The Mitterrand Doctrine was softened in 2002, under the government of Jean-Pierre Raffarin during the presidency of Jacques Chirac, when
Mitterrand_doctrine
Political party in Italy
openly supported the former magistrate Luigi de Magistris, arousing several controversies. During the third national congress held in October 2012, socialism
CARC_Party
Political party in Italy
divided between those who wanted to stop supporting Romano Prodi's first government, led by PRC secretary Fausto Bertinotti; and those who wanted to continue
Party_of_Italian_Communists
Italian political party
the PRC was divided between those who wanted to stop supporting Prodi's government, led by Bertinotti; and those who wanted to continue the alliance, led
Communist_Refoundation_Party
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