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State of affairs in Marxist theory
and was not a "form of government" that dispensed with democracy. Lenin replied in The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky. He defended the
Dictatorship of the proletariat
Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat
Political party in Italy
Proletarian Democracy (Italian: Democrazia Proletaria, DP) was a far-left political party in Italy. DP was founded in 1975 as a joint electoral front
Proletarian_Democracy
1918 book by Vladimir Lenin
democracy". Lenin says it is absurd "to talk about 'pure democracy' in a class-divided society", that there is "bourgeois democracy" and "proletarian
The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky
The_Proletarian_Revolution_and_the_Renegade_Kautsky
Political party in Italy
The Proletarian Unity Party (Italian: Partito di Unità Proletaria, PdUP) was a far-left political party in Italy. The PdUP was founded in November 1972
Proletarian Unity Party (Italy)
Proletarian_Unity_Party_(Italy)
Social revolution in which the working class attempts to overthrow the bourgeoisie
A proletarian revolution or proletariat revolution is a social revolution in which the proletariat attempts to overthrow the bourgeoisie and change the
Proletarian_revolution
Class of wage-earners
labour power (their capacity to work). A member of such a class is a proletarian or a proletaire. Marxist philosophy regards the proletariat under conditions
Proletariat
a successful referendum on divorce, and the far-left Trotskyist Proletarian Democracy. The pure party-list proportional representation had traditionally
1976_Italian_general_election
Italian political party
the party after the fall of the Iron Curtain. Later that year, Proletarian Democracy (DP), a far-left outfit, dissolved itself so that its members could
Communist_Refoundation_Party
Italian politician (1939–2025)
as a Member of the European Parliament, representing Italy for Proletarian Democracy. From 1992 to 1994, he served as a Senator, representing Lombardy
Emilio_Molinari
Red Brigade leader (1945–1975)
the second half of 1970, as a result of the merger of Renato Curcio's Proletarian Left with a left wing student and worker group. After getting arrested
Margherita_Cagol
Italian politician and writer (born 1945)
he entered politics, adhering to the Proletarian Unity Party (PdUP), which later merged with Proletarian Democracy (DP). Capanna was charismatic leader
Mario_Capanna
Italian politician
legislatures. De Petris began her political career in the 1980s joining Proletarian Democracy and has been active in the anti-nuclear and environmentalist movement
Loredana_De_Petris
Italian politician (born 1944)
the Christians for Socialism movement. Subsequently, he joined Proletarian Democracy and the Radical Party. He has served as Deputy and Senator several
Marco_Boato
Political party
group left in 1976 in protest over the LCRs endorsement of the Proletarian Democracy electoral coalition, which it regarded as a kind of popular front
Lega_Trotskista_d'Italia
Liberal political party in Italy
left—from the Republicans and the Socialists to the Communists and Proletarian Democracy—and opened its ranks also to members of other parties through dual
Radical_Party_(Italy)
Italian politician and Marxist (1889–1970)
popular works. His writings emphasize an "invariant" party program, proletarian internationalism, and anti-reformism. Bordiga is a central figure of
Amadeo_Bordiga
Political party in Italy
dissolved. In 1978, former Red Line members (including Gracci) joined Proletarian Democracy (DP). Berichte des Bundesinstituts für Östwissenschaftliche und
Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist) Red Line
Communist_Party_of_Italy_(Marxist–Leninist)_Red_Line
the Marxist-Leninist idea of proletarian dictatorship, represented by such terms as wúchǎn jiējí mínzhǔ (無產階級民主; "democracy of the proletariat"), mínzhǔ
Democracy_in_China
Italian Red Brigade leader (born 1941)
occupying a vacant house, the Curcios and the most militant members of the Proletarian Left went completely underground and organized the Red Brigades and spent
Renato_Curcio
Centre-left political ideology
Social democracy is a broad, centre-left social, economic, and political ideology within the wider socialist movement that supports political and economic
Social_democracy
Ancient proverb
capitalism and liberal democracy in the case of the United States, and the Marxist–Leninist interpretation of Communism and proletarian democracy in the case of
The enemy of my enemy is my friend
The_enemy_of_my_enemy_is_my_friend
Italian far-left militant movement (1969–1976)
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Lotta_Continua
Italian writer, filmmaker, poet, and intellectual (1922–1975)
inspiration to this Roman suburb, one of the infamous borgate where poor proletarian immigrants lived, often in horrendous sanitary and social conditions
Pier_Paolo_Pasolini
1987 Italian general election, despite PRC absorbing the disbanded Proletarian Democracy (DP). The other major feature was the sudden rise of the Northern
1992_Italian_general_election
Abduction and murder of Italian statesman
far-right party, the second a centre-right one), the Radical Party, and Proletarian Democracy (the latter being left to far-left formations). The executive was
Kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro
Kidnapping_and_murder_of_Aldo_Moro
Former leader of the Italian Communist Party (1900–1980)
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Luigi_Longo
Italian politician
of Italian Communists in Veneto. When he was 18, Atalmi joined Proletarian Democracy and, later, the Communist Refoundation Party of which he was a member
Nicola_Atalmi
Leninist political revolutionary ideology
proletarian status and democratic rights. This strategy allowed Lenin to suppress opposition while maintaining the illusion of proletarian democracy.
Vanguardism
Italian politician and revolutionary (1879–1945)
legal edition (dated September 10, 1922) of Il Fanciullo Proletario (Proletarian Kid), a Communist illustrated periodical aimed at children. After Mussolini
Nicola_Bombacci
Italian politician (1946–2025)
politician. Coming from the Proletarian Unity Party, in the 1980s she was part of the national leadership of Proletarian Democracy, where she ran for regional
Patrizia_Arnaboldi
Italian socialist song
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Bandiera_Rossa
Political movement in the Philippines
democratic revolution. Though its leadership is proletarian, the Philippine Revolution is not yet a proletarian-socialist revolution. We should not confuse
National Democracy (Philippines)
National_Democracy_(Philippines)
Revolutionary period in Italy, 1919–1920
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Biennio_Rosso
Political party in Italy
Communist Revolutionary League, active since 1979, affiliated to Proletarian Democracy (DP) since 1989 and finally merged into the PRC, like most of DP
For_a_Revolutionary_Left
Marxist theory of cultural dominance
revolutionary creates a proletarian culture whose native value system counters the cultural hegemony of the bourgeoisie. The proletarian culture will increase
Cultural_hegemony
Italian politician (born 1946)
(Revolutionary Communist League) until 1989, when this group merged into Proletarian Democracy. In 1991 he took part in the construction of the Communist Refoundation
Franco_Turigliatto
Concept from critical theory and post-colonial studies
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Subaltern_(postcolonialism)
Series of essays by Antonio Gramsci
Misunderstanding in the Interpretation of "Civil Society"". Socialism and Democracy. 13 (2): 5. doi:10.1080/08854309908428241. Rosengarten, Frank (1986).
Prison_Notebooks
Italian journalist and politician (born 1938)
In 1985, he was elected in the Lombardy regional council for the Proletarian Democracy (Democrazia Proletaria) party. In the period of the large bribing
Elio_Veltri
Italian communist politician (1893-1979)
remembered as one of the most notable representatives of left communism and proletarian internationalism in Europe. He began his political career in the Italian
Onorato_Damen
Italian Marxist–Leninist militant group
which they opposed for their Historic Compromise with Moro and Christian Democracy. With the kidnapping and murder of Moro, they were instrumental in blocking
Red_Brigades
Form of government
bourgeois democracy, but neither sought to abolish the SSOP as an institution. Lenin wrote that it would be impossible to develop proletarian democracy "without
Communist_state
Italian film producer
June 1976, like Italian screenwriter Ugo Pirro, he endorsed the Proletarian Democracy party, a coalition representing the major groups of the Italian
Renzo_Rossellini_(producer)
Polish-German Marxist revolutionary (1871–1919)
seeing in the direct action of the masses the germ of a new form of proletarian democracy that could overthrow the bourgeois state. The pamphlet was a direct
Rosa_Luxemburg
Italian far-left terrorist group
Armed Proletarians for Communism (Italian Proletari Armati per il Comunismo or PAC) was an Italian far-left terrorist group founded in 1976 and disbanded
Armed Proletarians for Communism
Armed_Proletarians_for_Communism
Marxist social class concept
Proletarian internationalism, sometimes referred to as socialist internationalism or international socialism, is the perception of all proletarian revolutions
Proletarian_internationalism
between five centrist parties, caused unexpected problems to Christian Democracy. The alliance was fixed and universal, extended both to the national government
1983_Italian_general_election
Communist party establishing document
evolving from medievalist to bourgeois democracy, or from bourgeois democracy to Soviet or proletarian democracy, etc. In any case, the proletariat of
Second_Program_of_the_CPSU
Italian election
and Westminster system were the principles chosen to restore municipal democracy in Italy. No clear winner emerged from the election and no force was able
Elections_in_Rome
Neo-fascist political party, 1946–1955
gave informal local and eventually national support to the Christian Democracy party from the late 1940s and through the 1950s, sharing anti-communism
Italian_Social_Movement
Political party in Italy (1921–1991)
socialist democracy, and the freedom of culture. At the time, the PCI, which had absorbed the PSI's left-wing, the Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity
Italian_Communist_Party
(1959–1972) Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (1964–1972) National Democracy (1977–1979) Proletarian Unity Party (1972–1984) Radical Party (1955–1989)
List of political parties in Italy
List_of_political_parties_in_Italy
Italian scholar and translator
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Alberto_Toscano
Italian politician, trade unionist, and writer (1910–2008)
Proletarian Unity Party (Partito di Unità Proletaria, PdUP), and Proletarian Democracy (Democrazia Proletaria, DP), of which he was the co-founder after
Vittorio_Foa
Maoist political conception of democracy
New Democracy, or the New Democratic Revolution, is a type of democracy in Marxism, based on Mao Zedong's Bloc of Four Social Classes theory in post-revolutionary
New_Democracy
Italian engineer and politician (born 1950)
Edo Ronchi (born 31 May 1950) is an Italian engineer and politician. He served as Minister of Environment and protection of land and sea from 1996 to 2000
Edo_Ronchi
Italian Marxist philosopher, writer, and politician (1891–1937)
revolutionaries through political agitation, the trade unions, advancement of proletarian culture, and other ways to create an opposing civil society was necessary
Antonio_Gramsci
Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity, Marxist–Leninist Italian Communist Party, Movement of Unitarian Communists, Proletarian Democracy, Party of Italian
List of left-wing political parties
List_of_left-wing_political_parties
Sicilian political party
Piscitello, a long-time politician (Proletarian Unity Party, Proletarian Democracy, The Network, The Democrats, Democracy is Freedom, Democratic Party) who
Sicily_Nation
Italian political philosopher (1933–2023)
volume turns towards an analysis of the passage from the traditional proletarian 'mass worker' of industrial capitalism (especially as found in Marx's
Antonio_Negri
European Parliament member
journal Stampa medica. Before joining the PRC, he was a member of Proletarian Democracy (and was a member of its National Secretariat in the 1980s). He
Vittorio_Agnoletto
Italian political movement
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Autonomia_Operaia
Political party in Italy
political party in Italy. It was founded in May 1989 by splinters of Proletarian Democracy (Mario Capanna, Virginio Bettini, Gianni Tamino, Edo Ronchi and
Rainbow_Greens_(Italy)
Italian Marxist tendency
the factory for an overly abstract and voluntarist theory of a unified proletarian subject. He argued that Negri had neglected the real divisions and defeats
Operaismo
Years-long change in political order, in Gramscian discourse
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Passive_revolution
republican Giovanni Spadolini and the socialist Bettino Craxi; the Christian Democracy remained however the main force supporting the government. With the end
1987_Italian_general_election
Italian politician (born 1949)
politician, he has been a member of two left-wing parties, first Proletarian Democracy and then the Communist Refoundation Party; in Milan's mayoral election
Giuliano_Pisapia
Method of political organisation
suited to the various functions, which we call propaganda, proselytism, proletarian organisation, union work, etc., up to tomorrow, the armed organisation;
Organic_centralism
Italian former terrorist and author
December 1954) is an Italian former member of the terrorist group Armed Proletarians for Communism (PAC), who is currently imprisoned after years on the run
Cesare_Battisti_(militant)
Political party in Italy
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Communist_Alternative_Party
Italian politician
far-left politician. A member of the Regional Council of Lombardy for Proletarian Democracy since 1985, he worked at university level for the Italian Confederation
Giuseppe_Torri
that the two main forms of democracy, socialist democracy (proletarian democracy) and capitalist democracy (bourgeoisie democracy) are both diametrically
Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party
Ideology_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party
International communist organization (1919–1943)
bourgeois class rule and that "proletarian democracy is a million times more democratic than any bourgeois democracy". He proclaimed that Bolshevism
Communist_International
Constituency of the European Parliament
Interior Notes The coalition was composed by Democrats of the Left (DS), Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (DL), Italian Democratic Socialists (SDI) and European
North-West Italy (European Parliament constituency)
North-West_Italy_(European_Parliament_constituency)
Political party in Italy
parties and organisations (Confederation of the Italian Left, Atheist Democracy, Inventing the Future, The Future City, CARC Party and Italian Marxist–Leninist
Italian Communist Party (2016)
Italian_Communist_Party_(2016)
Italian philosopher and politician (1931–2023)
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Mario_Tronti
Italian actor and comedian (born 1956)
in Legnano, also dedicating himself to cabaret and politics with Proletarian Democracy. In 1983, Poretti graduated from the theatrical school in Busto
Giacomo_Poretti
Short-lived communist state in Italy
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Red_Republic_of_Caulonia
Radical left-wing Italian political group
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Potere_Operaio
Pluralist democracy Procedural democracy Proletarian democracy Racial democracy Radical democracy Representative democracy Council democracy Electoral
List_of_political_ideologies
Italian Marxist–Leninist terrorist group
Combattenti ("Communist Fighting Brigades"), and Ronde Proletarie ("Proletarian patrols"), the latter name denoting the organization Ronde armate proletarie
Prima_Linea
Period of Japanese history (1905–1932)
Taishō Democracy (Japanese: 大正デモクラシー, Taishō demokurashī) was a period of political and social change in the Empire of Japan that began in the final years
Taishō_Democracy
1969–70 strikes in Northern Italy
a time of major weakness within the Italian government. The Christian Democracy had been in office for 20 years. During the latter stages of that time
Hot_Autumn
Italian publisher and businessman (1926–1972)
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Giangiacomo_Feltrinelli
Literature mainly written for or by the working class
Proletarian literature refers here to the literature created by left-wing writers mainly for the class-conscious proletariat. Though the Encyclopædia
Proletarian_literature
Italian politician (1907–1986)
stand on the PCI list upon the premise that the PCI was "committed to democracy; that the idea of an ‘historical compromise’ was seriously meant and would
Altiero_Spinelli
Legislative organ of Aosta Valley, Italy
Aosta Valley President of Aosta Valley As "Nuova Sinistra" and Proletarian Democracy. As PSIUP. As PDS. As Alternative Greens. As "Gauche Valdotaine"
Regional Council of Aosta Valley
Regional_Council_of_Aosta_Valley
Italian philosopher and activist (born 1949)
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Franco_Berardi
Diverse left-wing political movement in the 1970s and 1980s
Communism in the United States K-Groups (Germany) Autonomism Workerism Proletarian Democracy New Left in Japan Revisionism (Marxism) "Learning from the New Communist
New_Communist_movement
Political party in Italy
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Communist_Party_(Italy)
Italian politician (born 1960)
his political commitment began at the age of 17, when he joined Proletarian Democracy (Democrazia Proletaria; DP). Unlike the majority of his party, Ferrero
Paolo_Ferrero
Term referring to Maoist organizations in West Germany
movement New Communist Movement La Chinoise Autonomism Workerism Proletarian Democracy New Left in Japan Slobodian, Quinn (21 March 2012). Foreign Front:
K-Groups_(Germany)
Type of democracy in Marxism
Soviet democracy, also called council democracy, is a type of democracy in Marxism, in which the rule of a population is exercised by directly elected
Soviet_democracy
Far-left terrorist group in Italy, active 1969–1971
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
October_22_Group
Molise regional election of 1975 took place on 15 June 1975. Christian Democracy was by far the largest party, gaining almost than three times the share
1975_Molise_regional_election
Italian writer
socialist activist in the Italian Section of the Fourth International, Proletarian Democracy, Communist Refoundation Party (of which she was a member of the
Lidia_Cirillo
Political philosophy
Party argues that electoral democracy "will not be enough" for the overthrow of capitalism. They call for a proletarian revolution which strips the bourgeoisie
Democratic_socialism
Italian regional election
1980 Calabrian regional election took place on 8 June 1980. Christian Democracy was by far the largest party, while the Italian Socialist Party made important
1980 Calabrian regional election
1980_Calabrian_regional_election
Italian anarchist (1853–1932)
Italian Communists FGCI Popular Democratic Front Potere Operaio Proletarian Democracy Proletarian Unity Party Red Brigades Volante Rossa Media Liberazione il
Errico_Malatesta
of former Bertinottiani, composed basically of former members of Proletarian Democracy and led by Paolo Ferrero and Giovanni Russo Spena, criticized The
Refoundation_in_Movement
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