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Precursor cells of neurons and glia during embryonic development
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitor cells that generate the neurons and glia
Neural_stem_cell
Unspecialized biological cell that can become specialized
multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can change into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely
Stem_cell
Use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition
Stem-cell therapy uses stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. As of 2024[update], the only FDA-approved therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic
Stem-cell_therapy
epigenetic mechanisms in controlling the production of neurons from neural stem cells during brain development and adulthood. Processes such as DNA methylation
Epigenetic regulation of neurogenesis
Epigenetic_regulation_of_neurogenesis
Genetic disease causing anemia, birth defects, and cancers
Mouthon MA (2008). "Role of Fanconi DNA repair pathway in neural stem cell homeostasis". Cell Cycle. 7 (13): 1911–5. doi:10.4161/cc.7.13.6235. PMID 18604174
Fanconi_anemia
Multipotent stem cell in the adult body
Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate
Adult_stem_cell
of cells to engage in the repair and regeneration process. While the brain has a limited capacity for regeneration, endogenous neural stem cells, as
Endogenous_regeneration
Neural stem cell culture system
clusters of neural stem cells. Neurospheres provide a method to investigate neural precursor cells in vitro. Putative neural stem cells are suspended
Neurosphere
multipotent neural stem cells. Gliogenesis results in the formation of non-neuronal glia populations from neuronal cells. In this capacity, glial cells provide
Gliogenesis
type being neural stem cells (NSCs) in various stages of development. However, in addition to NSCs, there are also astrocytes, endothelial cells, blood vessels
Subgranular_zone
Study of relationships between nervous and immune systems
fate of a stem cell can be best understood by knowing the "circuitry employed to orchestrate stem cell maintenance and progressive neural fate decisions"
Neuroimmunology
Pluripotent embryonic cell group giving rise to diverse cell lineages
development. Neural crest cells originate from this structure through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and in turn give rise to a diverse cell lineage—including
Neural_crest
Endogenous tag expressed in different cells along neurogenesis and differentiated cells
Depending on the goal of a particular study, one can use neural stem cells markers, neural progenitor cell markers, neuron markers or PNS neuronal markers. The
Neuronal_lineage_marker
Specific location in the body containing stem cells
Stem-cell niche refers to a microenvironment, within the specific anatomic location where stem cells are found, which interacts with stem cells to regulate
Stem-cell_niche
Primary cell of the nervous system
(British English), or nerve cell, is a cell that is excitable, firing electric signals called action potentials. Neurons form neural networks in the nervous
Neuron
Cells forming the neural tube wall during embryogenesis
Neuroepithelial cells are the stem cells of the central nervous system, known as neural stem cells, and generate the intermediate progenitor cells known as radial
Neuroepithelial_cell
American neuroscientist and immunologist
neuroscience of neural stem cells into patients. Imitola is known for his discoveries on the intrinsic immunology of neural stem cells, the impact of inflammation
Jaime_Imitola
previously damaged. Mesenchymal stem cells are able to differentiate, or mature from a less specialized cell to a more specialized cell type, to replace damaged
Clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cells
Clinical_uses_of_mesenchymal_stem_cells
Stem cell markers are genes and their protein products used by scientists to isolate and identify stem cells. Stem cells can also be identified by functional
Stem_cell_marker
differentiation and age-related depletion of neural stem cells in the adult hippocampus. Cell stem cell, 8(5), 566–579. "Alexei Koulakov - Faculty Profile"
Alexei_Koulakov
Conceptual theory of cerebral cortex development
originates from a transient stem cell layer called the ventricular zone, which contains neural stem cells known as radial glial cells. The reiterative nature
Radial_unit_hypothesis
Transformation of a stem cell to a more specialized cell
functional cells. Examples of stem and progenitor cells include: Radial glial cells (embryonic neural stem cells) that give rise to excitatory neurons in the
Cellular_differentiation
Brain precursor structures
walls of the neural tube contain neural stem cells in a region called the neuroepithelium or ventricular zone. These neural stem cells divide rapidly
Brain_vesicle
Cell cycle regulation pathway
promote growth and proliferation over differentiation of adult stem cells, neural stem cells specifically. It is the difficulty in finding an appropriate
PI3K/AKT/mTOR_pathway
Pluripotent stem cell generated directly from a somatic cell
pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell. The iPSC
Induced_pluripotent_stem_cell
embryonic development using molecular markers. In Drosophila, each neural stem cell has been identified and categorized according to their location. Many
Ganglion_mother_cell
Culture of stem cells that can be propagated indefinitely
A stem cell line is a group of stem cells that is cultured in vitro and can be propagated indefinitely. Stem cell lines are derived from either animal
Stem-cell_line
Therapy in which cellular material is injected into a patient
transplanting T-cells capable of fighting cancer cells via cell-mediated immunity in the course of immunotherapy, or grafting stem cells to regenerate diseased
Cell_therapy
Transcription factor gene of the SOX family
of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. Sox2 has a critical role in maintenance of embryonic and neural stem cells. Sox2 is a member of the Sox family
SOX2
Cancer cells with features of normal cells
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically
Cancer_stem_cell
American neuroscientist
Albany, New York. She is a co-founder and scientific director for The Neural Stem Cell Institute and is a professor of Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology
Sally_Temple
Turkish neuroscientist and geneticist (born 1981)
the molecular programs for zebrafish brain to induce regenerative neural stem cell plasticity and to investigate the functions of human genes related
Çağhan_Kızıl
of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research from 2004 to 2021. His main research interests include neural stem cell and brain development. He is a
Arnold_Kriegstein
Protein in cephalopods
material used for the growth of human neural and progenitor cells. Using reflectin as a material for neural stem cell growth Reflectins have been heterologously
Reflectin
Polish neuroscientist
cells are neural stem cells in the developing mammalian brain. Current investigations study the mechanisms involved in determining how adult neural stem
Magdalena_Götz
Cell that differentiates into one or a few cell types
A progenitor cell is a biological cell that can differentiate into a specific cell type. Stem cells and progenitor cells have this ability in common.
Progenitor_cell
Support-cells in the nervous system
embryo, in particular the neural tube and crest. The exception is microglia, which are derived from hematopoietic stem cells. In the adult, microglia are
Glia
Italian researcher
work established, through two landmark Nature papers, that adult neural stem cells (NSCs) could induce recovery in models of chronic multiple sclerosis
Stefano_Pluchino
Ability of a cell to differentiate into other cell types
pluripotent stem cells, commonly abbreviated as iPS cells or iPSCs, are a type of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell, typically
Cell_potency
American biomedical engineer
Sakiyama-Elbert is an American biomedical engineer whose research involves neural stem cell transplantation for neuroregeneration after spinal cord injury. She
Shelly_Sakiyama-Elbert
Method of nerve regeneration
cells such as ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) into Schwann cell-like phenotypes. EMSCs are neural crest cells that migrate from the cranial neural
Nerve_guidance_conduit
Academic journal
Neural Regeneration Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on neuroregeneration and stem cells. Topics covered include neural
Neural_Regeneration_Research
Generation of cells within the nervous system
Neurogenesis is the process by which nervous system cells, the neurons, are produced by neural stem cells (NSCs). This occurs in all species of animals except
Neurogenesis
Researcher
neurogenesis from neuronal stem cells that occupy different germinal niches. Álvarez-Buylla's laboratory found that adult neural stem cells are specialized to
Arturo_Álvarez-Buylla
Non-dividing precursor cell to a neuron
radial glial cells and are committed to becoming neurons. Neural stem cells, which only divide symmetrically to produce more neural stem cells, transition
Neuroblast
Transient embryonic layer of tissue containing neural stem cells
a transient embryonic layer of tissue containing neural stem cells, principally radial glial cells, of the central nervous system (CNS). The VZ is so
Ventricular_zone
Condition in which the head is small due to an underdeveloped brain
Candidate Zika Virus Entry Receptor in Neural Stem Cells". Cell Stem Cell. 18 (5): 591–6. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.03.012. PMC 4860115. PMID 27038591
Microcephaly
Processes which grow and shape an organism's nervous tissue over its lifetime(s)
the walls of the neural tube contain neural stem cells, which drive brain growth as they divide many times. Gradually some of the cells stop dividing and
Development of the nervous system
Development_of_the_nervous_system
result of released cytokines and not cell-to-cell contact of microglia and stem cells. In this study, neural stem cells were cultured on preconditioned media
Radiation-induced cognitive decline
Radiation-induced_cognitive_decline
American stem cell researcher and inventor
central nervous system stem cell and identified a second candidate stem cell for the liver. Under her guidance, the human neural stem cell transitioned into
Ann_Tsukamoto
Indian physician and researcher
POEM in humans. On the bench research side, he pioneered the use of neural stem cell transplantation for disorders of gastrointestinal motility. Notably
Jay_Pasricha
region contains adult neural stem cells also called neuroepithelial cells which have the potential to generate new neurons and glial cells. The generation of
Subependymal_zone
Region outside each lateral ventricle of the brain
zone containing neural progenitor cells, which divide to produce neurons in the process of neurogenesis. The primary neural stem cells of the brain and
Subventricular_zone
Production of two daughter cells with different cellular fates
cells of equivalent fates. Notably, stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to two distinct daughter cells: one copy of the original stem cell as
Asymmetric_cell_division
Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue
of Neocortical Astrocytes Is Induced by Injury". Cell Stem Cell. 27 (4): 605–617.e5. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2020.07.006. PMC 7534841. PMID 32758425. Payne SH
Neuroregeneration
Embryological process forming the neural tube
Su-Chun (2005). "Neural specification from human embryonic stem cells". In Odorico, John S.; et al. (eds.). Human embryonic stem cells. Garland Science
Neurulation
BDNF-modulating drug for depression and PTSD
its former developmental code names ALTO-100 and NSI-189 (short for "NeuralStem Inc. 189"), is a drug described as a hippocampal neurogenesis stimulant
Amdiglurax
Generating of neurons from neural stem cells in adults
Adult neurogenesis is the process in which neurons are generated from neural stem cells in the adult. This process differs from prenatal neurogenesis. In
Adult_neurogenesis
American biotechnology company
production of neural stem cells of the brain and spinal cord in commercial quantities, and the ability to control the differentiation of these cells constitutively
Neuralstem,_Inc.
Protein-coding gene in humans
neural stem cells in quiescence, preserving the neural stem cells pool from depletion. In the absence of BTG1, the stem and progenitor cells initially
BTG anti-proliferation factor 1
BTG_anti-proliferation_factor_1
Brain and spinal cord
the neural tube contain proliferating neural stem cells in a region called the ventricular zone. The neural stem cells, principally radial glial cells, multiply
Central_nervous_system
Lining of the ventricular system of the brain
Frisen J (1999). "Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system". Cell. 96 (1): 25–34. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80956-3
Ependyma
Research hospital in Italy
Institute for Stem-cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT) that will be the first factory of GMP neural stem cells in Europe
Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza
Casa_Sollievo_della_Sofferenza
Bipolar-shaped progenitor cells of all neurons in the cerebral cortex and some glia
Virus Infects Human Cortical Neural Progenitors and Attenuates Their Growth". Cell Stem Cell. 18 (5): 587–90. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.02.016. PMC 5299540
Radial_glial_cell
American biopharmaceutical company
StemCells, Inc. is a public biopharmaceutical company headquartered in Newark, California, that is developing purified human neural stem cells (HuCNS-SCs)
StemCells,_Inc.
Feeling of pain from stimuli which do not normally elicit pain
Lilja JA (March 2005). "Allodynia limits the usefulness of intraspinal neural stem cell grafts; directed differentiation improves outcome". Nature Neuroscience
Allodynia
al., 2006;) provides strong evidence of the functional impact of neural stem cells in repairing/regenerating injured spinal cords through remyelination
Michael_Fehlings
American physician
Oxygen in stem cell biology: a critical component of the stem cell niche 2004 Unique astrocyte ribbon in adult human brain contains neural stem cells but lacks
Alfredo_Quiñones-Hinojosa
notch signaling pathway, originally shown to regulate the number of neural stem cells in culture and in the living adult brain. Pharmacological activation
Hes3_signaling_axis
the local responses of support cells, and enable the possibility of repair by endogenous or transplanted neural stem cells. These environments have been
Injury-induced stem-cell niche
Injury-induced_stem-cell_niche
Group of neurological disorders affecting motor neurons
localization in spinal motor neurons of TDP43. In TDP-43 depleted human neural stem cell-derived motor neurons, as well as in sporadic ALS patients' spinal
Motor_neuron_diseases
3D in vitro tissue culture system
nervous system. They are typically derived from pluripotent stem cells. As an umbrella term, neural organoids encompasses various models including cerebral
Neural_organoid
Professor of biology
in Drosophila melanogaster neural stem cell neuroblasts. His lab investigates the generation of neuronal diversity and neural circuit formation in Drosophila
Chris_Q._Doe
Type of gene
is also expressed in germline stem cells and cyst stem cells of the testis and, during development, in neural stem cells and imaginal disks. In the year
Escargot (transcription factor)
Escargot_(transcription_factor)
Canadian-American cancer researcher
Sean J. Morrison is a Canadian-American stem cell biologist and cancer researcher. Morrison is the director of Children's Medical Center Research Institute
Sean_J._Morrison
Nerve exiting the central nervous system
(2017). "The Effects of Different Factors on the Behavior of Neural Stem Cells". Stem Cells International. 2017 9497325. doi:10.1155/2017/9497325. ISSN 1687-966X
Motor_nerve
Molecular Biologist
current work on Drosophila neural stem cells. Because of the similarities between Drosophila and mammalian neural stem cells in their ability to self-renew
Andrea_Brand
Human protein
self-renewing cell divisions of adult hematopoietic stem cells as well as adult peripheral and central nervous system neural stem cells. However, it is
BMI1
Series of molecular signals
Gaiano N, Fishell G (2002). "The role of notch in promoting glial and neural stem cell fates". Annual Review of Neuroscience. 25 (1): 471–490. doi:10.1146/annurev
Notch_signaling_pathway
Use of biomedical engineering to restore or replace nervous system tissue
implanting stem cells directly into the injury site, delivering morphogens to the injury site, or growing neural tissue in vitro with neural stem or progenitor
Neural_tissue_engineering
Partially differentiated usually unipotent cell
progenitor cells. A precursor cell is a stem cell with the capacity to differentiate into only one cell type, meaning they are unipotent stem cells. In embryology
Precursor_cell
Development and formation of the human embryo
rhombencephalon (future hindbrain). Cranial neural crest cells migrate to the pharyngeal arches as neural stem cells, where they develop in the process of neurogenesis
Human_embryonic_development
some current studies involve the transplantation of neural stem cells and umbilical cord stem cells; it is not yet known if this therapy is likely to be
Neonatal_stroke
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
the balance between proliferation and neuronal differentiation in neural stem cells. GCN5L2 has been shown to interact with: DDB1, Ku70, Ku80, TADA2L
KAT2A
Formation of the folds of the brain's cerebral cortex
Candidate Zika Virus Entry Receptor in Neural Stem Cells". Cell Stem Cell. 18 (5): 591–6. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.03.012. PMC 4860115. PMID 27038591
Gyrification
neural stem cells in the adult mammalian forebrain was published in the journal Neuron. This work first established that adult mammalian neural stem cells
Derek_van_der_Kooy
Discipline in biomedical engineering
form after a traumatic insult. By studying the neural stem cells in vitro and exploring alternative cell sources, engineering novel biopolymers that could
Neural_engineering
Aggressive type of brain cancer
suggest that astrocytes, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and neural stem cells could all serve as the cell of origin. GBMs usually form in the cerebral white
Glioblastoma
British stem cell research company
testing the effects of neural stem cells on spinal cords for neuroregeneration. They were also testing the use of fetal stem cells on stroke patients. Life
ReNeuron
French neurobiologist
Crick Institute in London. His research focuses on the behaviour of neural stem cells in embryos and adult brains. After studying at the École Normale Supérieure
François_Guillemot
American neurological surgeon
astrocyte ribbon in adult human brain contains neural stem cells but lacks chain migration 2001, Programmed cell death, mitochondria and the plant hypersensitive
Michael_T._Lawton
Endogenous non-cancerous pluripotent stem cell
A Muse cell (Multi-lineage differentiating stress-enduring cell) is an endogenous non-cancerous pluripotent stem cell. They reside in the connective tissue
Muse_cell
Artificial miniature brain like organ
showing some of the chemical factors that can lead stem cells to differentiate into various neural tissues; a more in-depth table of generating specific
Cerebral_organoid
the development of neuroectodermal progenitor cells. Proneural genes have multiple functions in neural development. They integrate positional information
Proneural_genes
One path neural stem cells take to reach the olfactory bulb
promote proliferation and neuronal fate commitment of multipotent adult neural stem cells in culture, suggesting a role in the RMS. Astrocytes express a number
Rostral_migratory_stream
Mechanisms that form the human nervous system
postnatally. Some landmarks of neural development in the embryo include: The formation and differentiation of neurons from stem cell precursors (neurogenesis)
Development of the nervous system in humans
Development_of_the_nervous_system_in_humans
Species of fish
2007). "MIO-M1 cells and similar muller glial cell lines derived from adult human retina exhibit neural stem cell characteristics". Stem Cells. 25 (8): 2033–2043
Zebrafish
Topics referred to by the same term
Cancer Institute National Skin Centre, a Singapore medical facility Neural stem cell, a concept in nervous system Nursing Service Cross, an Australian Honours
NSC
Group of signal transduction pathways involved in embryonic development
self-renewal of neural stem cells. This allows for regeneration of nervous system cells, which is further evidence of a role in promoting neural stem cell proliferation
Wnt_signaling_pathway
Subtype of glial cell in the central nervous system
(June 1999). "Subventricular zone astrocytes are neural stem cells in the adult mammalian brain". Cell. 97 (6): 703–716. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80783-7
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell
Oligodendrocyte_progenitor_cell
NEURAL STEM-CELL
NEURAL STEM-CELL
Male
English
Short form of English Stephen, STE means "crown."
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English
Stem
Male
Scottish
Scottish Gaelic form of Greek Nikolaos, NEACAL means "victor of the people."
Male
Swedish
Swedish form of Old Norse Steinn, STEN means "stone."
Boy/Male
Biblical
Treasurer of Nergal.
Boy/Male
English
Austere
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Stem of Lotus
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Stem.
Male
English
Short form of English Stewart, STEW means "steward."
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Lotus Stem
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Steph, STEF means "crown."
Male
Hebrew
(ש×Öµ×) Hebrew name SHEM means "conspicuous position, name, renown, sigma." In the bible, this is the name of a son of Noah.
Biblical
treasurer of Nergal
Boy/Male
Australian, Finnish, German, Slavic
Stem
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lotus stem
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Stem of Lotus
Biblical
same as Shem
Female
Turkish
Turkish name NURAY means "bright moon."
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Stem
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lotus stem
NEURAL STEM-CELL
NEURAL STEM-CELL
NEURAL STEM-CELL
NEURAL STEM-CELL
NEURAL STEM-CELL
NEURAL STEM-CELL
NEURAL STEM-CELL