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Cancer cells with features of normal cells
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells
Cancer_stem_cell
Use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition
Stem-cell therapy uses stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. As of 2024[update], the only FDA-approved therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic
Stem-cell_therapy
Specific location in the body containing stem cells
Stem-cell niche refers to a microenvironment, within the specific anatomic location where stem cells are found, which interacts with stem cells to regulate
Stem-cell_niche
Medical procedure to replace blood or immune stem cells
Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic_stem_cell_transplantation
Unspecialized biological cell that can become specialized
multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can change into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely
Stem_cell
Control of growth and differentiation by deeply conserved genetic mechanisms
similar to normal stem cells. The stem cell theory of cancer suggests that there is a subpopulation of cells, referred to as cancer stem cells, that have certain
Deep_homology
Reoccurrence of cancer
which aids cancer stem cells and cancer progenitor cells in expanding and multiplying. Cancer recurrence (relapse) is ascribed to malignant cells that evade
Recurrent_cancer
Australian oncologist and endocrinologist
g. p21^Cip1, c-Jun, NF-κB, DACH1, CCR5) that govern cancer stem cell expansion in breast cancer, and studied how dysregulation of these contributes to
Richard_Pestell
Medical condition
cellular proliferation and differentiation. They are also involved in cancer stem cell coordination and disease invasiveness and metastasis. Hhat inhibitors
Epithelioid_sarcoma
Stem cells that may cause cancer
attributed the presence of a subset of tumor cells known as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). These cells possess the abilities of self-renewal and tumor
Breast_cancer_stem_cell
Tumor cell
Cancer cells are cells that divide continually, forming solid tumors or flooding the blood or lymph with abnormal cells. Cell division is a normal process
Cancer_cell
Formation of cancer
oncogenesis or tumorigenesis, is the formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. The process is characterized by changes at
Carcinogenesis
Accumulation of mutations
of mutations and epimutations in somatic cells (the cells of a body, as opposed to germ plasm and stem cells) during a lifetime, and the effects of those
Somatic_evolution_in_cancer
Multipotent stem cell in the adult body
Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate
Adult_stem_cell
Chemical compound
cells in experimental human cell systems and mouse models. High aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1 enzymatic activity is a marker for cancer stem cell/tumour
Nifuroxazide
Small molecules that inhibit the Hedgehog signaling pathway
aberrant Hedgehog signaling in tumor progression and cancer stem cell maintenance across cancer types, inhibition of the Hedgehog signaling pathway can
Hedgehog_pathway_inhibitor
Research hospital in Italy
with two innovative startups StemGen, Italy and HyperStem SA, Switzerland to revolutionize technology of cancer stem cells in experimentation on patients
Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza
Casa_Sollievo_della_Sofferenza
Pediatric neurosurgeon
the Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute at McMaster University. She holds a Tier 1/ Senior Canada Research Chair in Human Brain Cancer Stem Cell Biology
Sheila_Singh
Belgian physician
September 1970) is a Belgian researcher in the field of stem cells (embryology, tissue homeostasis and cancer). He is a tenured professor of developmental biology
Cédric_Blanpain
Stem cells that give rise to other blood cells
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells that give rise to other blood cells. This process is called haematopoiesis. In vertebrates, the first
Hematopoietic_stem_cell
Aggressive type of brain cancer
can also be used as a cancer stem cell marker in a subset of glioblastoma tumour cells. Glioblastoma cancer stem cells appear to exhibit enhanced resistance
Glioblastoma
American pharmaceutical development company (2004–2019)
work focuses on developing "targeted antibodies against cancer stem cells". The cancer stem cell technologies on which OncoMed depends are licensed from
OncoMed
Method of replacing blood-forming stem cells
blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT), also called "Peripheral stem cell support", is a method of replacing blood-forming stem cells. Stem cells can be
Peripheral stem cell transplantation
Peripheral_stem_cell_transplantation
Medical procedure
Autologous stem-cell transplantation (also called autogenous, autogenic, or autogenic stem-cell transplantation and abbreviated auto-SCT) is the autologous
Autologous stem-cell transplantation
Autologous_stem-cell_transplantation
endothelial cells. Vasculature is instead developed de novo by cancer cells, which under stress conditions such as hypoxia, express similar properties to stem cells
Vasculogenic_mimicry
Slovak-American molecular biologist
fellow. Her research shifted from virology to cancer biology, focusing on mechanisms governing stem cell identity, epithelial plasticity, tumor initiation
Zuzana_Kečkéšová
Pluripotent stem cell generated directly from a somatic cell
pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell. The iPSC
Induced_pluripotent_stem_cell
Ability of a cell to differentiate into other cell types
P. A., & Khokha, R. (2012). The mammary stem cell conundrum: is it unipotent or multipotent? Breast Cancer Research, 14(2), 305. https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr3123
Cell_potency
Observation of the diversity of tumour cells
two models used to explain the heterogeneity of tumour cells. These are the cancer stem cell model and the clonal evolution model. The models are not
Tumour_heterogeneity
Spreading of a disease inside a body
pathway of cancer: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) hypothesis, the cancer stem cell hypothesis
Metastasis
Tumour-promoting cell type
and especially cancer stem cells, where they employ both paracrine and direct cell-contact to maintain stemness in cancer stem cells. In turn, this enables
Cancer-associated_fibroblast
German-British molecular biologist
German-British molecular biologist and an expert in cancer stem cell biology. He is the Scientific Director of the Cancer Research UK Convergence Science Centre in
Axel_Behrens
Carcinoma that derives from squamous epithelial cells
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. These cells form
Squamous-cell_carcinoma
Spermatogonium that does not differentiate into a spermatocyte
A spermatogonial stem cell (SSC), also known as a type A spermatogonium, is a spermatogonium that does not differentiate into a spermatocyte, a precursor
Spermatogonial_stem_cell
Lineage of cells that evades senescence and continues dividing
There are various immortal cell lines. Some of them are normal cell lines (e.g. derived from stem cells). Other immortalised cell lines are the in vitro equivalent
Immortalised_cell_line
Culture of stem cells that can be propagated indefinitely
A stem cell line is a group of stem cells that is cultured in vitro and can be propagated indefinitely. Stem cell lines are derived from either animal
Stem-cell_line
Type of pluripotent blastocystic stem cell
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo. Human
Embryonic_stem_cell
Cell that differentiates into one or a few cell types
A progenitor cell is a biological cell that can differentiate into a specific cell type. Stem cells and progenitor cells have this ability in common.
Progenitor_cell
Protein found in humans
tract, testes, and some other cell types. Today CD133 is the most commonly used marker for isolation of cancer stem cell (CSC) population from different
PROM1
Therapy in which cellular material is injected into a patient
transplanting T-cells capable of fighting cancer cells via cell-mediated immunity in the course of immunotherapy, or grafting stem cells to regenerate diseased
Cell_therapy
Mammalian protein found in humans
transcriptional factor that helps embryonic stem cells (ESCs) maintain pluripotency by suppressing cell determination factors. hNanog is encoded in humans
Homeobox_protein_NANOG
Transformation of a stem cell to a more specialized cell
specification, is the process in which a stem cell changes from one type to a differentiated one. Usually, the cell changes to a more specialized type. Differentiation
Cellular_differentiation
Multipotent adult stem cells present in multiple tissues
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate
Mesenchymal_stem_cell
Chemical compound
the Broad Institute to kill breast cancer stem cells in mice at least 100 times more effectively than the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel. The study screened
Salinomycin
cells, along with JoPaca-1 cells, have high expression of cancer stem cell markers. BxPC-3 has been used in tumorigenicity studies, pancreatic cancer
BxPC-3
Stem cell markers are genes and their protein products used by scientists to isolate and identify stem cells. Stem cells can also be identified by functional
Stem_cell_marker
Neoplasm in the brain
A brain tumor (sometimes referred to as brain cancer) occurs when a group of cells within the brain grow out of control, creating a mass. There are two
Brain_tumor
Precursor cells of neurons and glia during embryonic development
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitor cells that generate the neurons and glia
Neural_stem_cell
Semi-solid tissue in the spongy portions of bones
including certain forms of cancer such as leukemia. Several types of stem cells are related to bone marrow. Hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow can
Bone_marrow
Chinese-American molecular geneticist
Chinese-American molecular geneticist, stem cell biologist, and cancer researcher. She is a Professor of Cancer Biology at the Wake Forest University School
Wa_Xian
Malignancy that develops from epithelial cells
cell with other cells. Certain combinations of mutations in the given progenitor cell ultimately result in that cell (also called a cancer stem cell)
Carcinoma
Process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions
fields such as: Stem cell self-renewal Lineage specification Cancer cell phenotype Fibrosis Hepatocyte function Mechanosensing Cell culture in three
Cell_culture
Cancer of the colon or rectum
Khalek FJ, Gallicano GI, Mishra L (November 2010). "Colon cancer stem cells". Gastrointestinal Cancer Research (Suppl 1): S16–S23. PMC 3047031. PMID 21472043
Colorectal_cancer
Cancer of plasma cells
myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies
Multiple_myeloma
proteins, and aberrant cell cycle regulators. Cancer alters the DNA of cells and the mutated genetic material is passed on to daughter cells, resulting in neoplasms
Cancer_in_dogs
American biologist (born 1942)
company focused on discovering and developing drugs to treat cancer by targeting cancer stem cells. Weinberg earned a B.S. in biology from the Massachusetts
Robert_Weinberg_(biologist)
American scientist
stem cell research. Dr. Goodell is Chair of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology at Baylor College of Medicine, Director of the Stem Cell
Margaret_Goodell
Type of endocrine gland cancer
Pancreatic cancer is any cancer with a primary location in the pancreas, a glandular organ lying behind the stomach. It arises when cells in the pancreas
Pancreatic_cancer
Italian-American virologist (1914–2012)
gland cancer stem cells until December 2011. His research using a stem cell model system suggested that a single malignant cell with stem cell properties
Renato_Dulbecco
Hematologic cancer that affects lymphocytes
"Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Is There Still a Role for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in the CAR T-Cell Era?". Cancers. 16 (11): 1987. doi:10
Lymphoma
Class of compounds
inflammatory breast cancer and modulates the cancer stem cell phenotype via the IL-6/STAT3, Notch and EGFR signaling pathways". Molecular Cancer. 16 (1): 57.
Proteoglycan
Stem cell fat grafting is the autotransplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) extracted from fat-abundant donor sites (e.g. thigh or stomach)
Stem_cell_fat_grafting
American stem cell biologist
Wong is an American biologist known for her work describing cell fusion, the cancer stem cell niche, and early detection strategies. She currently holds
Melissa_Wong
Transmembrane glycoprotein
tissues, carcinomas, and progenitor and stem cells. However, EpCAM is not found in non-epithelial cells or cancers of non-epithelial origin. EpCAM is expressed
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule
Epithelial_cell_adhesion_molecule
Medical procedure
her healthy identical twin. Syngeneic stem cell transplantation entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms This article incorporates public
Syngeneic stem cell transplantation
Syngeneic_stem_cell_transplantation
South Korean biotechnologist
involved in osteoblast differentiation. Cell Death and Differentiation. (2015) Oncogenic K-Ras Accelerates Cancer Stem Cell Activation via Aberrant Wnt/beta-catenin
Kang-Yell_Choi
Cancer in cats is the leading cause of death among cats. It is caused by uncontrolled cell growth, and affects a wide range of cell types and organs in
Cancer_in_cats
Child conceived to provide stem cells
order to provide a stem cell, bone marrow, or other transplant to a sibling that is affected with a fatal disease, such as cancer or Fanconi anemia, that
Savior_sibling
Piyush Gupta, by discovering and developing drugs to treat cancer by targeting cancer stem cells. The company raised $16 million in the initial Series A
Verastem_Oncology
self-renewal of stem cells in colon cancer. 2017: The use of antibodies directed against hPG80 to target the Wnt pathway and cancer stem cells represents a
HPG80
Laws governing the use or isolation of human stem cells
Stem cell laws are the law rules, and policy governance concerning the sources, research, and uses in treatment of stem cells in humans. These laws have
Stem_cell_laws
American geneticist
represent human lung cancer, Kim’s group was the first to identify cancer stem cell populations in the two most frequent types of lung cancer in patients. Her
Carla_F._Kim
Medical university in Portland, Oregon, United States
Ungerleider, Internal Medicine Physician, film producer Melissa Wong, cancer stem cell biologist D. George Wyse, expert in cardiac arrhythmias Art collection
Oregon Health and Science University
Oregon_Health_and_Science_University
Stem cell in bone marrow that gives rise to endothelial cells
Endothelial stem cells (ESCs) are one of three types of stem cells found in bone marrow. They are multipotent, which describes the ability to give rise
Endothelial_stem_cell
American biopharmaceutical company
$350 million in cash. In December 2013, Celgene and OncoMed joined a cancer Stem cell therapy development agreement with demcizumab and five other biologics
Celgene
Group of signal transduction pathways involved in embryonic development
hematopoietic stem cells needed for red blood cell formation. The biochemistry of cancer stem cells is subtly different from that of other tumor cells. These
Wnt_signaling_pathway
Process in developmental biology
is a type of metaplasia, which includes all cell fate switches, including the interconversion of stem cells. Current uses of transdifferentiation include
Transdifferentiation
Indian-born American cell and developmental biologist
publication in 2001 coining the term "cancer stem cell" to describe a cancer cell that mirrors the properties of stem cells of healthy organs in the context
Tannishtha_Reya
Blood cancer characterized by overproduction of lymphoblasts
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cells characterized by the development of large numbers of immature lymphocytes
Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia
Hormonal treatment for prostate cancer
tumor cell survival, cancer stem cell-like properties, resistance to radiation and chemotherapy) in multiple human cancer types. NEtD in prostate cancer is
Androgen_deprivation_therapy
previously damaged. Mesenchymal stem cells are able to differentiate, or mature from a less specialized cell to a more specialized cell type, to replace damaged
Clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cells
Clinical_uses_of_mesenchymal_stem_cells
Hospital in New York, United States
centers have been founded at URMC. In 2006, a cancer stem cell research program was established at the Wilmot Cancer Center, one of only three such programs
University of Rochester Medical Center
University_of_Rochester_Medical_Center
Indian pharmacologist
known for his studies on investigating the regulatory mechanisms of Cancer Stem Cells during tumor metastasis. His studies also involve the identification
Fayaz_A._Malik
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Oct-4 has also been implicated as a marker of cancer stem cells. A majority of Oct4 cancer stem-like cell studies (CSC) report a positive association between
Oct-4
stem cell marker genes, including their name and known function. In the adult intestine, the crypts of Lieberkühn are the niche for epithelial stem cells
List of intestinal stem cell marker genes
List_of_intestinal_stem_cell_marker_genes
Canadian cancer researcher (born 1954)
(born 1954) is Canada Research Chair in Stem Cell Biology, Senior Scientist at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and Professor
John_Edgar_Dick
Cell-surface glycoprotein
identified on cancer cells. HCELL functions as a "bone homing receptor", directing migration of human hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells to bone
CD44
Canadian-American cancer researcher
Sean J. Morrison is a Canadian-American stem cell biologist and cancer researcher. Morrison is the director of Children's Medical Center Research Institute
Sean_J._Morrison
Partially differentiated usually unipotent cell
progenitor cells. A precursor cell is a stem cell with the capacity to differentiate into only one cell type, meaning they are unipotent stem cells. In embryology
Precursor_cell
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
accordance with cancer stem cell theory, there's is a link between BEX2 and dormant cancer stem cells of many different types of cancer. The exact role
Protein_BEX2
American biotechnology company
Hopkins University, GRN163L was active against both CD138+ and CD138neg cancer stem cells and eliminated the colony forming potential of both by five weeks
Geron_Corporation
Biological term
blood cells, such as red blood cells (RBCs), immune cells, and even platelets all originate from the same progenitor cell, the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)
Hematopoietic_stem_cell_niche
Cancer originating in or on the ovary
cell types including epithelial cells, germ cells, and stromal cells. When these cells become abnormal, they can divide and form tumors. These cells can
Ovarian_cancer
Cancer arises in the head or neck region
throat cancer.[citation needed] People after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are at a higher risk for oral cancer. Post-HSCT oral cancer may
Head_and_neck_cancer
Cancerous overproduction of T cells
conjunction with radiotherapy followed by stem cell transplants. Radiotherapy is the use of radiation to eradicate cancer. As the electron beams in radiotherapy
T-cell_lymphoma
Production of two daughter cells with different cellular fates
cells of equivalent fates. Notably, stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to two distinct daughter cells: one copy of the original stem cell as
Asymmetric_cell_division
Norwegian scientist
hematopoietic stem cells in large scale using anti-CD34 mAb coupled to Dynabeads. Already during his period at the UiT, the idea of cancer vaccines came
Gustav_Gaudernack
Chemical compound
molecule against persister cancer stem cells, that is under preclinical evaluation by SideROS for the treatment of cancer. Ironomycin was shown to induce
Ironomycin
Medical condition
Testicular cancer is highly treatable and usually curable. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or stem cell transplantation
Testicular_cancer
Group of diseases involving cell growth
Cancer is a group of diseases involving uncontrolled cell growth typically resulting in tumors with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of
Cancer
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