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Family of motor proteins
Myosins (/ˈmaɪəsɪn, -oʊ-/) are a family of motor proteins (though most often protein complexes) best known for their roles in muscle contraction and in
Myosin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-2 (myosin heavy chain 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH2 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000125414 – Ensembl, May 2017
Myosin-2
Chemical compound
Blebbistatin is a myosin inhibitor mostly specific for myosin II. It is widely used in research to inhibit heart muscle myosin, non-muscle myosin II, and skeletal
Blebbistatin
Chemical compound
para-Nitroblebbistatin is a non-phototoxic, photostable myosin inhibitor with low fluorescence. Its myosin inhibitory properties are very similar to those of
Para-Nitroblebbistatin
Chemical compound
para-Aminoblebbistatin is a water-soluble, non-fluorescent, photostable myosin II inhibitor, developed from blebbistatin. Among the several blebbistatin
Para-Aminoblebbistatin
Class of kinase enzymes
Myosin light-chain kinase also known as MYLK or MLCK is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that phosphorylates a specific myosin light chain, namely
Myosin_light-chain_kinase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
55 (2): 253–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5603. PMID 9933576. Obermann WM, van der Ven PF, Steiner F, Weber K, Fürst DO (1998). "Mapping of a Myosin-binding
Myomesin-2
Flow of the cytoplasm inside the cell
another set of plants, the myosin molecule is replaced with the slower homo sapiens Vb myosin motor molecule. Human myosin Vb only moves at a rate of
Cytoplasmic_streaming
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH3 gene. Myosin is a major contractile protein which converts chemical energy into mechanical
MYH3
Products of trypsin proteolysis of myosin
Meromyosin is a part of myosin (mero meaning "part of"). With regards to human anatomy myosin and actin constitute the basic functional unit of a muscle
Meromyosin
Involuntary non-striated muscle
the proteins, myosin and actin, which together have the capability to contract. Myosin is primarily class II in smooth muscle. Myosin II contains two
Smooth_muscle
Explanation of muscle contraction
other to generate movement. According to the sliding filament theory, the myosin (thick filaments) of muscle fibers slide past the actin (thin filaments)
Sliding_filament_theory
Contractile element of muscle
contract by sliding the thick myosin, and thin actin myofilaments along each other. Each myofibril has a diameter of between 1 and 2 micrometres (μm). The filaments
Myofibril
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform (MLC-2) also known as the regulatory light chain of myosin (RLC) is a protein that
MYL2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-binding protein C, slow-type is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYBPC1 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000196091 – Ensembl, May
MYBPC1
Repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell
of the important proteins are myosin, which forms the thick filament, and actin, which forms the thin filament. Myosin has a long fibrous tail and a globular
Sarcomere
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
The myosin-binding protein C, cardiac-type is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYBPC3 gene. This isoform is expressed exclusively in heart muscle
Myosin binding protein C, cardiac
Myosin_binding_protein_C,_cardiac
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Myosin-9 also known as myosin, heavy chain 9, non-muscle or non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIa (NMMHC-IIA) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the
MYH9
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin light chain kinase 2 also known as MYLK2 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the MYLK2 gene. This gene encodes a myosin light chain kinase
MYLK2
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Biochem. J. 275 (Pt 2): 521–7. doi:10.1042/bj2750521. PMC 1150082. PMID 1902666. Todorov PT, Hardisty RE, Brown SD (March 2001). "Myosin VIIA is specifically
Microtubule-associated protein 2
Microtubule-associated_protein_2
Class of molecular proteins
function without dynein. Numerous myosin deficiencies are related to disease states and genetic syndromes. Because myosin II is essential for muscle contraction
Motor_protein
Protein family
The Misato segment II myosin-like domain is an evolutionary conserved protein domain. The misato protein contains three distinct, conserved domains, segments
Misato segment II myosin-like domain
Misato_segment_II_myosin-like_domain
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-1, also known as 'striated muscle myosin heavy chain 1', is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH1 gene. This gene is most highly expressed
MYH1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH7 gene. It is the myosin heavy chain beta (MHC-β) isoform (slow twitch) expressed primarily in
Myosin-7
Small polypeptide subunit of myosin
A myosin light chain is a light chain (small polypeptide subunit) of myosin. Myosin light chains were discovered by Chinese biochemist Cao Tianqin (Tien-chin
Myosin_light_chain
Part of myofilaments
The myosin head is the part of the thick myofilament made up of myosin that acts in muscle contraction, by sliding over thin myofilaments of actin. Myosin
Myosin_head
Lighter bands of skeletal muscle
actin-containing thin filaments. The thin filaments are placed between 2 myosin filaments and contain only the actin filaments of neighboring sarcomeres
Isotropic_bands
Final stage of cell division
promotes myosin II activation by the kinase ROCK, which activates myosin II directly by phosphorylation of the myosin light chain and also inhibits myosin phosphatase
Cytokinesis
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin heavy chain, α isoform (MHC-α) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH6 gene. This isoform is distinct from the ventricular/slow myosin
MYH6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin light chain, phosphorylatable, fast skeletal muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYLPF gene. It is located on chromosome 16 in
MYLPF
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Chain-2 (ALC-2) also known as Myosin regulatory light chain 2, atrial isoform (MLC2a) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL7 gene. ALC-2 expression
MYL7
Chemical compound
cardiomyopathy. It is a cardiac myosin inhibitor developed by Cytokinetics. Aficamten binds directly to the motor domain of cardiac myosin and prevents it from entering
Aficamten
exposes areas on the actin, to which the head of the myosin filament binds. The binding of the myosin head to actin is known as a cross-bridge. A molecule
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling
Cardiac_excitation-contraction_coupling
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin binding protein C, fast type is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYBPC2 gene. This gene encodes a member of the myosin-binding protein
MYBPC2
One of three major types of muscle
in turn composed of myofibrils. The myofibrils are composed of actin and myosin filaments called myofilaments, repeated in units called sarcomeres, which
Skeletal_muscle
Structure on the surface of epithelial cells
actin, myosin, and intermediate filaments in the brush border of intestinal epithelial cells". J Cell Biol. 94 (2): 425–43. doi:10.1083/jcb.94.2.425. PMC 2112874
Terminal_web
Chemical compound
Danicamtiv is a cardiac myosin activator developed by Bristol Myers Squibb to treat dilated cardiomyopathy. Choi, Joohee; Holmes, Joshua B.; Campbell,
Danicamtiv
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
shown to be an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Its major substrate is Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC, or Myosin-2, or MYH2), meaning it induces the proteasome-mediated degradation
TRIM63
Gene of the immunoglobulin superfamily
Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle also known as kinase-related protein (KRP) or telokin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MYLK gene
MYLK
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin light chain 6B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL6B gene. Myosin is a hexameric ATPase cellular motor protein. It is composed of
MYL6B
protein kinase II. Myosin light chain 2 and cardiac myosin-binding protein C are phosphorylated, strengthening myosin-actin cross-bridge formation
Anrep_effect
Enzyme in humans
Myosin light chain kinase 4 also known as MYLK4 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the MYLK2 gene. MYLK4 is a member of the myosin light-chain
MYLK4
Structure preventing inter-cell leakage
Cingulin family proteins (cingulin and paracingulin/JACOP) tether nonmuscle myosin 2A and 2B to tight junctions and adherens junctions by binding to ZO-1 and
Tight_junction
Activation of tension-generating sites in muscle
and thick filaments predominantly consist of chains of the motor-protein myosin. Together, these two filaments form myofibrils - the basic functional organelles
Muscle_contraction
Bulge in the plasma membrane of a cell
in myosin contractility and local myosin activity increases. Bleb formation can be initiated in two ways: 1) through local rupture of the cortex or 2) through
Bleb_(cell_biology)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-10 also known as myosin heavy chain 10 or non-muscle myosin IIB (NM-IIB) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH10 gene. Non-muscle myosins
MYH10
Protein domain
the C-terminus of myosin light-chain kinase. Telokin may play a role in the stabilization of unphosphorylated smooth-muscle myosin filaments. Because
Telokin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin light chain 3, skeletal muscle isoform is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL1 gene. Myosin is a hexameric ATPase cellular motor protein
MYL1
Myosin Binding Protein H (MYBPH)
Myosin binding protein H (MYBPH) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYBPH gene. MYBPH is a structural muscle protein that shares sequence and
MYBPH
Protein filaments of myofibrils in muscle cells
myofibrils in muscle cells. The main proteins involved are myosin, actin, and titin. Myosin and actin are the contractile proteins and titin is an elastic
Myofilament
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
gene. Myosin phosphatase target subunit 1, which is also called the myosin-binding subunit of myosin phosphatase, is one of the subunits of myosin phosphatase
PPP1R12A
the thick filaments (myosin). Its main purpose in this setting is to provide structural integrity by linking the antiparallel myosin fibers and titin filaments
Myomesin
Myosin light-chain phosphatase, also called myosin phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.53; systematic name [myosin-light-chain]-phosphate phosphohydrolase), is an enzyme
Myosin-light-chain phosphatase
Myosin-light-chain_phosphatase
Important Biological tissue that allows movement
relax. Muscle tissue contains special contractile proteins called actin and myosin which interact to cause movement. Among many other muscle proteins present
Muscle
Protein family
focal adhesions by phosphorylating MLC (myosin light chain). Due to this phosphorylation, the actin binding of myosin II and, thus, the contractility increases
Rho-associated_protein_kinase
Combination of a motor neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates
typing) Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) Myosin Light Chain — alkali (MLC1) Myosin Light Chain — regulatory (MLC2) Gene characterization of myosins There are
Motor_unit
Process in embryonic development
activity of the proteins actin and myosin interacting in a complex network known as the actin-myosin cytoskeleton. Myosin, a motor protein, generates force
Invagination
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Unconventional myosin-VI, is a protein that in humans is coded for by MYO6. Unconventional myosin-VI is a myosin molecular motor involved in intracellular
Unconventional_myosin-VI
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH11 gene. Myosin-11 is a smooth muscle myosin belonging to the myosin heavy chain family. Myosin-11
Myosin-11
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin VIIA is protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO7A gene. Myosin VIIA is a member of the unconventional myosin superfamily of proteins. Myosins
MYO7A
Chemical compound
referred to as CK-1827452, is a calcium sensitizer acting as a cardiac myosin activator. It is an experimental drug being studied for a potential role
Omecamtiv_mecarbil
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL9 gene. Myosin, a structural component of muscle, consists of two
MYL9
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin light chain kinase 3 also known as MYLK3, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the MYLK3 gene. Phosphorylation of cardiac myosin heavy chains
MYLK3
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
stability of myosin during cytokinesis. In C. elegans, ANI-1 organizes myosin into foci during cytokinesis and establishment of polarity, whereas, ANI-2 is a
ANLN
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-4 also known as myosin, heavy chain 4 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MYH4 gene. MYH4 is a gene that encodes a sarcomeric myosin
MYH4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-8, or myosin heavy chain 8, is a protein that is encoded by the MYH8 gene. Myosins are proteins found in muscle, composed of two heavy chains and
MYH8
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-Vb, a myosin V type protein, is encoded by the MYO5B gene in humans. Recent evidence suggests that Myosin-Vb is related to the creation of memories
MYO5B
Largest known protein in human muscles
these muscles. Titin is the third most abundant protein in muscle (after myosin and actin), and an adult human contains approximately 0.5 kg of titin. With
Titin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Unconventional myosin-Va is a motor protein in charge of the intracellular transport of vesicles, organelles and protein complexes along the actin filaments
Unconventional_myosin-Va
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-Ic is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO1C gene. This gene encodes a member of the unconventional myosin protein family, which are
MYO1C
Class of enzymes
In enzymology, a myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + [myosin heavy-chain] ⇌ {\displaystyle
Myosin-heavy-chain_kinase
Pharmaceutical drug
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Mavacamten is a small-molecule allosteric cardiac myosin inhibitor. It was developed by MyoKardia, a subsidiary of Bristol Myers
Mavacamten
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-Ib is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO1B gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000128641 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release
MYO1B
Internal framework of the body
sarcomere, actin and myosin fibers overlap in a contractile motion towards each other. Myosin filaments have club-shaped myosin heads that project toward
Muscular_system
Jake Kendrick-Jones. His doctoral research focused on the regulation of myosin-2 motors, which function in muscle contraction and cytokinesis, by calcium
Jonathan_M._Scholey
Class of enzymes
"Distantly related sequences in the alpha- and beta-subunits of ATP synthase, myosin, kinases and other ATP-requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding
Phosphofructokinase_2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
MYO9B is a gene that encodes the Myosin-IXb protein. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000099331 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000004677
MYO9B
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin essential light chain (ELC), ventricular/cardiac isoform is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL3 gene. This cardiac ventricular/slow
MYL3
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin X, also known as MYO10, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO10 gene. Myo10 is an actin-based motor protein that can localize to the
MYO10
(2025). "A feedback circuitry involving γ-actin, β-actin and nonmuscle myosin-2 A controls tight junction and apical cortex mechanics". Nature Communications
Sandra_Citi
American scientist and professor
motors particularly myosin. With Huxley, he started working on an actin/myosin/ATP model for molecular motors, proposing that myosin would ratchet actin
James_Spudich
Widening of blood vessels
calmodulin, activating myosin light-chain kinase which phosphorylates the myosin light-chain. Phosphorylated light-chain myosin interacts with actin filaments
Vasodilation
Mammalian protein found in humans
thus inactivate) myosin light-chain kinase, which causes smooth muscle relaxation, accounting for the vasodilatory effects of beta 2 stimulation. The
Beta-2_adrenergic_receptor
Protein serine/threonine kinase that is induced by interferon
eIF-2-alpha kinase is a kinase enzyme that phosphorylates eIF2α. There are four forms in mammals: EIF2AK1: heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI) EIF2AK2:
EIF-2_kinase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-IIIa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO3A gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the myosin superfamily. Myosins are
Myosin-IIIa
Plasma membrane invagination at the cell division site
division. The same proteins responsible for muscle contraction, actin and myosin, begin the process of forming the cleavage furrow, creating an actomyosin
Cleavage_furrow
Protein family
regulation in the intact myosin molecule. Houdusse A, Cohen C (January 1996). "Structure of the regulatory domain of scallop myosin at 2 A resolution: implications
IQ_calmodulin-binding_motif
Long chain of protein monomers
Myosin There are several different proteins that interact with actin in the body. However, one of the most famous types of motor proteins is myosin.
Protein_filament
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
small Ras-related GTPase Rab27A in its GTP-bound form and the motor protein myosin Va. A similar protein complex in mouse functions to tether pigment-producing
Melanophilin
American biologist
help certain white blood cells to move. He also elucidated how actin and myosin create movement in non-muscle cells. In 1950, Taylor, together with Gary
Edwin_W._Taylor
Class of enzymes
that is coupled to ATP-dependent processes, e.g. ATPases, such as acto-myosin ATPase and calcium ATPase involved in muscle contraction, and sodium/potassium
Creatine_kinase
Channel in cell walls of plants and some algae
plasmodesma into smaller channels. These structures may be composed of myosin and actin, which are part of the cell's cytoskeleton. If this is the case
Plasmodesma
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin-Ie (Myo1e) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO1E gene. Myosin-Ie is a long tailed myosin. It contains an N-terminal motor domain
MYO1E
English biophysicist (1945–2021)
polarity in the myosin filaments of vertebrate smooth muscle, and the proposal of a general packing scheme of myosin molecules within the myosin filaments of
John_M._Squire
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Naked cuticle homolog 2 (Naked-2) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the gene NKD2. Naked-2 is one of the Naked cuticle (Nkd) family of proteins
Naked_cuticle_2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Myosin IG, also known as myosin 1G and MYO1G, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO1G gene. MYO1G is a member of class I unconventional myosins
MYO1G
Drug for erectile dysfunction and hypertension
and it phosphorylates multiple targets in the smooth muscle cells, namely myosin light chain phosphatase, RhoA, IP3 receptor, phospholipase C, and others
Sildenafil
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
4.2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPB42 gene. It is part of the red blood cell cytoskeleton. Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2 is
Protein_4.2
Medical condition
genetic disease characterized by a mutation in the MYH9 gene in nonmuscle myosin. This disease affects the patient's renal system and can result in kidney
Epstein_syndrome
Energy-carrying molecule in living cells
proteins actin and myosin. ATP is initially bound to myosin. When ATPase hydrolyzes the bound ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate, myosin is positioned in
Adenosine_triphosphate
MYOSIN 2
MYOSIN 2
MYOSIN 2
MYOSIN 2
MYOSIN 2
MYOSIN 2
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MYOSIN 2
MYOSIN 2