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Lighter bands of skeletal muscle
physiology, isotropic bands (better known as I bands) are the lighter bands of skeletal muscle cells (a.k.a. muscle fibers). Isotropic bands contain only
Isotropic_bands
Uniformity in all orientations
an isotropic antenna, and is expressed as dBi or dB(i). In cells (a.k.a. muscle fibers), the term "isotropic" refers to the light bands (I bands) that
Isotropy
Mass of a particle when interacting with other particles
force. For parabolic bands, the off-diagonal elements of Minert−1 are zero, and the diagonal elements are constants For isotropic bands the diagonal elements
Effective mass (solid-state physics)
Effective_mass_(solid-state_physics)
Contractile element of muscle
colored bands at either end called the I-bands or Isotropic Bands, and a darker, grayish band in the middle called the A band or Anisotropic Bands. The I
Myofibril
Hypothetical wave source which radiates equally in all directions
An isotropic radiator is a theoretical point source of waves that radiates the same intensity of radiation in all directions. It may be based on sound
Isotropic_radiator
Reserved part of radio spectrum
radio operators. National authorities regulate amateur usage of radio bands. Some bands may not be available or may have restrictions on usage in certain
Amateur radio frequency allocations
Amateur_radio_frequency_allocations
Repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell
between the I-bands as a dark line that anchors the actin myofilaments. Surrounding the Z-line is the region of the I-band (for isotropic). I-band is the zone
Sarcomere
Coordinate system for digital imaging
binary coordinate. Hexagonal sampling is the optimal approach for isotropically band-limited two-dimensional signals and its use provides a sampling efficiency
Hexagonal Efficient Coordinate System
Hexagonal_Efficient_Coordinate_System
Antenna constructions for different applications
normal antennas are. Isotropic antenna The last section is for a unique type of "fake" antenna, called an isotropic antenna or isotropic radiator. It is a
Antenna_types
Range on the electromagnetic spectrum
correlation and the dispersion relations are isotropic. For charge-transfer complexes and conjugated systems, the band width is complicated by a variety of factors
Absorption_band
and the isotropic fractionator, a recent methodological innovation. Most numbers in the list are the result of studies using the newer isotropic fractionator
List of animals by number of neurons
List_of_animals_by_number_of_neurons
Amateur radio frequency band
that amateur stations have maximum radiated power of 1 watt effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP); however, stations more than 800 km (500 miles)
630-meter_band
Definition of directional radio frequency power
effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP). Effective isotropic radiated power is the hypothetical power that would have to be radiated by an isotropic antenna
Effective_radiated_power
German anatomist (1833–1910)
His name is also associated with: "Krause's membranes": defined as isotropic bands in striated muscle fiber that consist of disks of sarcoplasm and connect
Wilhelm_Krause
Amateur radio frequency band
effective isotropic radiated power. The 2200-meter band is within the low frequency (LF) band, just below the 153–279 kHz longwave broadcast band. It is
2200-meter_band
Measure of material deformation perpendicular to loading
negative value of the Poisson ratio. The Poisson's ratio of a stable, isotropic, linear elastic material must be between −1.0 and +0.5 because of the
Poisson's_ratio
German physiologist (1843–1909)
visible bands of fibers in the muscles, he noted that the volume of the anisotropic band increased during contraction, whereas the volume of the isotropic band
Theodor_Wilhelm_Engelmann
American theoretical physicist (born 1952)
arrangement of dielectric elements produce band gaps with perfect spherical symmetry. These materials, which act as isotropic semiconductors for light, can be used
Paul_Steinhardt
Amateur radio frequency band
on a secondary basis". The ITU's enhanced band allocation limits most amateurs to 15 watts effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), with some countries
60-meter_band
Nesosilicate, manganese aluminium garnet species
properties Isotropic, often anomalous double refractive Refractive index 1.800 Birefringence none Dispersion Weak Absorption spectra Bands at 410, 420
Spessartine
Uses of the 2.4 GHz ISM radio spectrum
ranges, radio bands and speeds. Wi-Fi most commonly uses the 2.4 gigahertz (12 cm) UHF and 5.8 gigahertz (5 cm) SHF ISM radio bands; these bands are subdivided
2.4_GHz_radio_use
Number of available physical states per energy unit
considered system and k {\displaystyle \mathbf {k} } the wave vector. For isotropic one-dimensional systems with parabolic energy dispersion, the density
Density_of_states
State of matter with properties of both conventional liquids and crystals
an isotropic phase at high temperature: heating will eventually drive them into a conventional liquid phase characterized by random and isotropic molecular
Liquid_crystal
Crystalline mineral
Diaphaneity Translucent to opaque Specific gravity 4.5–4.8 Optical properties Isotropic Refractive index n = 2.08–2.16 Other characteristics Weakly magnetic References
Chromite
Physical model of propagating energy
will be interference consistent with wave properties. In homogeneous, isotropic media, electromagnetic radiation is a transverse wave, meaning that its
Electromagnetic_radiation
Quantum effect in some non-metals
relativistic particles in quantum mechanics, proposed by Paul Dirac. Isotropic Dirac cones in graphene were first predicted by P. R. Wallace in 1947
Dirac_cone
Family of wireless network protocols
parts of the ISM bands for unlicensed use for communications in the United States. These frequency bands include the same 2.4 GHz bands used by equipment
Wi-Fi
Dipole antenna optimized for operation in the High Frequency bands
amateur bands between 3.5–28 MHz without a transmatch. Moxon, L.A. (1982). HF Antennas for all locations. Radio Society of Great Britain. G5RV multi-band antenna
G5RV_antenna
Path loss of radio transmitted through air or vacuum
IEEE Std 145-1993, defines free-space loss as "The loss between two isotropic radiators in free space, expressed as a power ratio." Free-space path
Free-space_path_loss
Physical quantity that expresses internal forces in a continuous material
surface's orientation. This type of stress may be called isotropic normal or just isotropic; if it is compressive, it is called hydrostatic pressure or
Stress_(mechanics)
Logarithmic unit expressing the ratio of physical quantities
is thermal noise limited. dBi dB(isotropic) – the gain of an antenna compared with the gain of a theoretical isotropic antenna, which uniformly distributes
Decibel
Trace radiation from the early universe
point-like structure of stars or clumps of stars in galaxies. The radiation is isotropic to roughly one part in 25,000: the root mean square variations are just
Cosmic_microwave_background
Map projection system
not distort subtended angles or local shapes, and scale distortion is isotropic. Distortion at a specific point is wholly described by the (direction-free)
Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system
Universal_Transverse_Mercator_coordinate_system
Non-commercial use of the radio spectrum
frequency ranges allocated internationally as the amateur radio bands. Within these bands they may use any frequency, though some are restricted to particular
Amateur_radio
Antibody in molecular biology and neuroscience
blotting shows that mAb A60 binds to two bands of apparent molecular weight ~46kDa and ~48kDa on SDS-PAGE. These two bands are generated from a single Fox-3
NeuN
Materials engineered to have properties that have not yet been found in nature
Typically, materials found in nature, when homogeneous, are thermally isotropic, meaning heat diffuses at roughly the same rate in all directions. Thermal
Metamaterial
electrons. Hexatic state, a state of matter that is between the solid and the isotropic liquid phases in two dimensional systems of particles. Ferroics Ferroelastic
List_of_states_of_matter
Rule in materials science
linear correlation of refractive index and chemical composition of an isotropic solid solution can be derived from the Gladstone–Dale equation, but it
Vegard's_law
Historical concept in cosmology
theory led to the development of cosmological models of a homogeneous, isotropic Universe which has no distinct spatial central point because, given that
Center_of_the_universe
Concept of collecting solar power in outer space and distributing it to Earth
demonstrated beaming power to earth in 2023. MAPLE transmitted an effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 3.2 watts (+35 dBm), far below the kilowatts
Space-based_solar_power
Ascending bundle of axons which cross in the brainstem
somatosensory system in the human brainstem: initial findings using high isotropic spatial resolution at 3.0 T. Eur Radiol. 2009 19:1480-8. doi:10.1007/s00330-009-1305-x
Medial_lemniscus
Tissue in the body that is not hardened by ossification
strain energy for a given temperature. The Fung-model, simplified with isotropic hypothesis (same mechanical properties in all directions). This written
Soft_tissue
Radio antenna which has greater performance in specific alignments
100 times stronger (compared to an isotropic radiator) will also capture 100 times as much energy as the isotropic antenna when used as a receiving antenna
Directional_antenna
Atmospheric effect caused by the solar wind
flow of electrons in that region is nearly the same in all directions ("isotropic") and assures a steady supply of leaking electrons. The leakage of electrons
Aurora
Topics referred to by the same term
Simp, a 2007 album by Baby Teeth (band) The Simps, a band founded by Eyedress (Idris Ennolandy Vicuña) Solid Isotropic Material with Penalisation, a method
Simp_(disambiguation)
Method for finding the exact solution of certain quantum mechanics models
eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic isotropic (XXX) Heisenberg model. The approach was later generalized into the quantum
Bethe_ansatz
Rectangular two-element array antenna
in layout similar to the well known VK2ABQ-square. For use on shortwave bands, spreaders are commonly made of bamboo or glass-fiber reinforced plastics
Moxon_antenna
English electronic space rock band
(2018) Echoesfromtheholocene (2023) Ambient Love Darkness Share (2025) Isotropic Beacons (2026) Strong, M.C. (2003). The Great Indie Discography. Canongate
Amp_(band)
Two geometries based on axioms closely related to those specifying Euclidean geometry
and elliptic geometry, the traditional non-Euclidean geometries. When isotropic quadratic forms are admitted, then there are affine planes associated
Non-Euclidean_geometry
Form of carbon
for carbon atoms in the diamond lattice, donating a hole into the valence band. Substantial conductivity is commonly observed in nominally undoped diamond
Diamond
Association football tournament in South Africa
thermoplastic polyurethane-elastomer from Taiwan, ethylene vinyl acetate, isotropic polyester/cotton fabric, and glue and ink from China. Some football stars
2010_FIFA_World_Cup
Measure of a substance's ability to resist or conduct electric current
where the more simple definitions cannot be applied. If the material is isotropic, it is safe to ignore the tensor-vector definition, and use a simpler
Electrical resistivity and conductivity
Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity
Extremely rare mercury sulfide chloride mineral
cinnabar Mohs scale hardness 3 Diaphaneity Transparent Specific gravity 6.845 calc. Optical properties Isotropic Refractive index n > 2.5 References
Corderoite
Technique to study materials that have unpaired electrons
for isotropic hyperfine coupling constants, while "B" is usually employed for anisotropic hyperfine coupling constants. In many cases, the isotropic hyperfine
Electron paramagnetic resonance
Electron_paramagnetic_resonance
Very small devices that incorporate moving components
Wet etching can be performed using either isotropic wet etchants or anisotropic wet etchants. Isotropic wet etchant etch in all directions of the crystalline
MEMS
Aviation navigation system
i(t), optional voice a(t), navigation reference signal in c(t), and the isotropic (i.e. omnidirectional) component. The reference signal is encoded on an
VHF_omnidirectional_range
Accounting of signal gains and losses in communications
antennas can be isotropic, omnidirectional, directional, or sectorial, depending on the way in which the antenna power is oriented. Isotropic antennas radiate
Link_budget
Measure of a civilization's evolution
civilizations can communicate using isotropic transmissions that allow omnidirectional reception. In a 1 MHz band (which requires about 1024 watts), detection
Kardashev_scale
Pattern of birefringence colors
interference when diverging light rays travel through an optically non-isotropic substance – that is, one in which the substance's refractive index varies
Conoscopic interference pattern
Conoscopic_interference_pattern
Star system in the Centaurus constellation
Nikolaos; et al. (2021). "Interstellar objects in the Solar System: 1. Isotropic kinematics from the Gaia early data release 3". arXiv:2103.03289 [astro-ph
Alpha_Centauri
Material with a negative refractive index
incident field, composed of many frequencies, from an isotropic nondispersive material into an isotropic dispersive media is employed. The direction of power
Negative-index_metamaterial
German physicist (1873–1916)
incompressible fluids; the sun and stars viewed as a quasi-isotropic heated gas; and any homogeneous and isotropic distributed gas. Schwarzschild's first (spherically
Karl_Schwarzschild
Aspect of relativity in physics
background". 2022. Hellings, R.W.; Downs, G.S. (1983). "Upper limits on the isotropic gravitational radiation background from pulsar timing analysis". The Astrophysical
Gravitational_wave
Shortwave antenna
compared with a dipole antenna. This is most pronounced on the lower frequency bands. A Isotron antenna is electrically resonant by using only two components:
Isotron
Disease that damages the myelin sheaths around nerves
cord, where they are producing oligoclonal antibody bands. A majority of these oligoclonal bands do have an affinity to the viral protein EBNA1, which
Multiple_sclerosis
Strength of an object's radar echo
second 1 4 π r 2 {\textstyle {{1} \over {4\pi r^{2}}}} term represents isotropic spreading of this intercepted power from the target back to the radar
Radar_cross_section
Ratio of distance on a map to the corresponding distance on the ground
lines intersecting at point P. A conformal map has an isotropic scale factor. Conversely isotropic scale factors across the map imply a conformal projection
Scale_(map)
Spectroscopic technique
and named after Brazilian physicist Sergio Pereira da Silva Porto. For isotropic solutions, the Raman scattering from each mode either retains the polarization
Raman_spectroscopy
Measurement device used in telecommunications
space, the electric field strength produced by a transmitter with an isotropic radiator is readily calculated. E ≈ 30 ⋅ P d {\displaystyle {\mbox{E}}\approx
Field_strength_meter
Quantum mechanical waves describing matter
velocity of a particle equals the group velocity of the matter wave. In isotropic media or a vacuum the group velocity of a wave is defined by: v g = ∂
Matter_wave
Soviet over-the-horizon early-warning radar system
Woodpecker transmitters was estimated to be as high as 10 MW equivalent isotropically radiated power. Even prior to 1976, a similar woodpecker-style interference
Duga_radar
Antenna consisting of two rod-shaped conductors
the far-field producing a net radiation pattern that is rather close to isotropic, with horizontal polarization in the plane of the elements and circular
Dipole_antenna
Optical technique for characterizing thin films
number of discrete, well-defined layers that are optically homogeneous and isotropic. Violation of these assumptions requires more advanced variants of the
Ellipsometry
System for coordinating Wi-Fi channels
Standard Power are allowed to operate at a maximum transmit power (effective isotropic radiated power or EIRP) of 36 dBm and a maximum spectral density of 23
Automated Frequency Coordination
Automated_Frequency_Coordination
problem in physics. Cosmological principle: Is the universe homogeneous and isotropic at large enough scales, as claimed by the cosmological principle and assumed
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Rate of change in the linear deformation of a material with respect to time
essential role in the physics of fluids and deformable solids. In an isotropic Newtonian fluid, in particular, the viscous stress is a linear function
Strain_rate
Measure of antenna performance
entire sphere, and weighted by the antenna's radiation pattern. Hence, an isotropic antenna would have a noise temperature that is the average of all temperatures
Antenna gain-to-noise-temperature
Antenna_gain-to-noise-temperature
It is a crystal that is transparent to opaque and which is generally isotropic (no or very weak birefringence). Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring
Material properties of diamond
Material_properties_of_diamond
Stress test with different levels of stress in each perpendicular direction
and a linear / isotropic stress field within the specimen is sustained. Due to extremely uniform, near isotropic stress field - isotropic yielding takes
Triaxial_shear_test
Luminous flux incident on a surface per area
diffuse reflector (also called a Lambertian reflector), the luminance is isotropic, per Lambert's cosine law. Then the relationship is simply L v = E v R
Illuminance
Natural mineral form of lead sulfide
source of lead in ceramic glaze. Galena is a semiconductor with a small band gap of about 0.4 eV, which found use in early wireless communication systems
Galena
Dimensionless quantity in spectroscopy
energy spectrum has a band structure E n ( p ) {\displaystyle E_{n}({\boldsymbol {p}})} . Near the minimum of an isotropic energy band, electron energy can
Oscillator_strength
Hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms
electron and hole conical bands meeting at the Dirac point, which is qualitatively different from more common quadratic massive bands. Based on the Slonczewski–Weiss–McClure
Graphene
Type of chemical bond in metals
through the structure of the solid with an energy that is essentially isotropic, in that it depends on the square of the magnitude, not the direction
Metallic_bonding
Non-tensorial representation of the spin group
Let W be a maximal isotropic subspace, i.e. a maximal subspace of V such that g|W = 0. If n = 2k is even, then let W′ be an isotropic subspace complementary
Spinor
Ratio of a celestial body's brightness to that of a Lambertian ideal
electronics.) Diffuse scattering implies that radiation is reflected isotropically with no memory of the location of the incident light source. Zero phase
Geometric_albedo
Angle between diagonal and edge of a cube
side-bands in the spectra. Time-dependent interactions, such as homonuclear dipolar couplings, are more difficult to average to their isotropic values
Magic_angle
British satellite communications company
com. Retrieved 25 June 2026. "Inmarsat Partners with Isotropic Systems to Develop Next-Gen Ka-band Mobility Antenna". 13 March 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2018
Inmarsat
Foundational law of electromagnetism relating electric field and charge distributions
equations are equivalent, which is what we wanted to prove. In homogeneous, isotropic, nondispersive, linear materials, there is a simple relationship between
Gauss's_law
Mineral of the garnet group
Birefringence Isotropic, appears black in cross-polarized light Pleochroism none Ultraviolet fluorescence inert Absorption spectra broad band at 564 nm with
Pyrope
Engineered wood product
natural woods during cutting and in service. However, MDF is not entirely isotropic since the fibres are pressed tightly together through the sheet. Typical
Medium-density_fibreboard
Physical theory of the cosmos
principle states that on large scales the universe is homogeneous and isotropic—appearing the same in all directions regardless of location. A perfect
Big_Bang
expressed in two basic parameters: Directivity: Some of them have an isotropic response, which means that they are able to measure RF fields from any
Personal_RF_safety_monitor
I.; F arr, B.; Vecchio, A. (2017). "Distinguishing spin-aligned and isotropic black hole populations with gravitational waves". Nature. 548 (7667):
List of gravitational wave observations
List_of_gravitational_wave_observations
Mineral or gemstone
spinel sulfides based on ZnSc2S4 and (Zn,Mg)Sc2S4 with color-tunable direct band gaps and ambipolar dopability. Minerals portal Aluminium oxynitride Ceylonite
Spinel
Overview of the events of 2020 in science
natural laws and the standard model of cosmology which is based on an isotropic Universe. Scientists report to be able to identify the genomic pathogen
April–June_2020_in_science
Group of low-reactive, gaseous chemical elements
that the interaction between the atoms is independent of direction, or isotropic. The noble gases are colorless, odorless, tasteless, and nonflammable
Noble_gas
Radio communication link
by an isotropic antenna emitting the same total power. In this case the antenna gain (Gi) is often specified in dBi, or decibels over isotropic. Other
Air_interface
General relativity model near spacetime singularities
special solutions such as the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker, quasi-isotropic, and Kasner solutions. The model is named after its authors Vladimir Belinski
BKL_singularity
Unexplained observed excessive energy during Earth flybys of spacecraft
A postulated consequence of the assumption that the speed of light is isotropic in all frames, and invariant in the method used to measure the velocity
Flyby_anomaly
ISOTROPIC BANDS
ISOTROPIC BANDS
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from Anglo-Norman French brabançon. This was originally an ethnic term for a native of the duchy of Brabant (see Brabant). By the 13th century it had passed into generic use as an occupational name for a mercenary, specifically a member of one of the more or less independent marauding bands of mercenaries, noted for their lawlessness and cruelty. These originated in Brabant and Flanders, but in the course of time accepted recruits from anywhere.
Surname or Lastname
English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for a maker of hoops and bands, etc., from Middle English band, bond, Middle High German, Middle Low German bant, German Band denoting something used for tying or binding: ‘hoop’, ‘metal band’, ‘fetter’, ‘shackle’.Old spelling of the Dutch cognates Bant, Bande, from Middle Dutch bant ‘band’.
ISOTROPIC BANDS
ISOTROPIC BANDS
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Court.Americanized spelling of German Kurt.Catalan : from curt ‘short’ (Latin curtus ‘cut short’, ‘broken off’), hence a nickname for a short man.
Boy/Male
Biblical
The cloud of the Lord.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Bradford.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Daughter, Born of the body, Son
Boy/Male
Arabic, Pashtun
Virtues of Allah
Girl/Female
Arabic, British, French
Good
Girl/Female
Muslim
Lightning
Girl/Female
Norse
God fighting.
Girl/Female
Muslim
High
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly West Midlands)
English (mainly West Midlands) : habitational name from any of various places, for example Langstone in Devon and Hampshire, named with Old English lang ‘long’, ‘tall’ + stÄn ‘stone’, i.e. a menhir.
ISOTROPIC BANDS
ISOTROPIC BANDS
ISOTROPIC BANDS
ISOTROPIC BANDS
ISOTROPIC BANDS
a.
Of equal value.
a.
Anisotropic.
n.
An armadillo (Xenurus unicinctus), native of the tropical parts of South America. It has about thirteen movable bands composed of small, nearly square, scales. The head is long; the tail is round and tapered, and nearly destitute of scales; the claws of the fore feet are very large. Called also tatouary, and broad-banded armadillo.
a.
Having the tail crossed by conspicuous bands of color.
a.
Exhibiting differences of quality or property in different directions; not isotropic.
n.
Isotropy.
n.
An annelid larva having telotrochal bands of cilia.
a.
Having, or surrounded by, three fasciae, or bands.
a.
Having or indicating, equal tones, or tension.
n.
Uniformity of physical properties in all directions in a body; absence of all kinds of polarity; specifically, equal elasticity in all directions.
a.
Not isotropic; having different properties in different directions; thus, crystals of the isometric system are optically isotropic, but all other crystals are anisotropic.
n.
The panel for the name, between the bands of the back of a book.
a.
Isotropic.
a.
Having the same properties in all directions; specifically, equally elastic in all directions.
a.
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from atropine, and isomeric with cinnamic acid.
a.
Having equal entropy.
a.
Relating to, or showing, geotropism.
a.
Alt. of Anisotropic
n.
A name given to a numerous family of brass wind instruments with valves, invented by Antoine Joseph Adolphe Sax (known as Adolphe Sax), of Belgium and Paris, and much used in military bands and in orchestras.
a.
Having zones, or concentric bands; striped.