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Bacteria known or suspected to cause cancer
evidence that bacteria may be directly carcinogenic. Evidence has shown that a specific stage in cancer can be associated with bacteria that is pathogenic
Carcinogenic_bacteria
Agent directly involved in causing cancer
division. The specific mechanisms for carcinogenic activity are unique to each agent and cell type. Carcinogenic agents can be broadly categorized, however
Carcinogen
Species of bacteria
comparatively lower risk of cancer. Helicobacter pylori are class 1 carcinogenic bacteria, and potential cancers include gastric MALT lymphoma and gastric
Helicobacter_pylori
Group of diseases involving cell growth
workplace circumstances classified as carcinogenic, and 41 chemicals and 6 circumstances classified as probably carcinogenic. Despite being known to cause cancer
Cancer
Genetic changes leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation
contagious in humans, though it can be caused by oncoviruses and cancer bacteria. The term "environmental", as used by cancer researchers, refers to everything
Causes_of_cancer
Precancerous lesions Coinfectious agent promoting the above growths Carcinogenic bacteria Sexually transmitted disease Infectious causes of cancer Chronic
List_of_oncogenic_bacteria
Tumor cell
called photodynamic therapy), destroy the cancer cells. Apoptosis BRCA1 Carcinogen Carcinogenesis Epidemiology of cancer Oncology Tumour heterogeneity Chakradhar
Cancer_cell
Cancer capable of infecting other individuals
Carcinogenesis Cancer cell Carcinogen Tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes Clonally transmissible cancer Oncovirus Carcinogenic bacteria Misc. Research Index of
Clonally_transmissible_cancer
Medical condition
Carcinogenesis Cancer cell Carcinogen Tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes Clonally transmissible cancer Oncovirus Carcinogenic bacteria Misc. Research Index of
Signs_and_symptoms_of_cancer
Biological testing method
act as a carcinogen, because cancer is often linked to mutation. The test serves as a quick and convenient assay to estimate the carcinogenic potential
Ames_test
Medical condition
Carcinogenesis Cancer cell Carcinogen Tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes Clonally transmissible cancer Oncovirus Carcinogenic bacteria Misc. Research Index of
Sacrococcygeal_teratoma
Community of microorganisms in the gut
DNA damage, and such damage can produce carcinogenic mutations in cells of the colon. The high density of bacteria in the colon (about 1012 per ml.) that
Gut_microbiota
Microorganisms in or on human skin and biofluids
ocular surface, and the biliary tract. Types of human microbiota include bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and viruses. Though micro-animals can also live
Human_microbiome
Pathogenic genus of Gram-negative bacteria
Legionella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that can be seen using a silver stain or grown in a special media that contains cysteine, an amino acid
Legionella
Genus of bacteria
Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped, (bacillus) Gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The two known species of Salmonella are Salmonella
Salmonella
Cancer Remedy
Carcinogenesis Cancer cell Carcinogen Tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes Clonally transmissible cancer Oncovirus Carcinogenic bacteria Misc. Research Index of
Cancer_rehabilitation
Systemic herbicide and crop desiccant
genotoxic (i.e. damaging to DNA) or to pose a carcinogenic threat to humans", later clarifying that while carcinogenic glyphosate-containing formulations may
Glyphosate
Medical condition
Carcinogenesis Cancer cell Carcinogen Tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes Clonally transmissible cancer Oncovirus Carcinogenic bacteria Misc. Research Index of
Vaginal_melanoma
Taking measures to decrease cancer incidence
and TSAs). Vaccines have been developed that prevent infection by some carcinogenic viruses. Human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil and Cervarix) decreases
Cancer_prevention
Antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication
some protozoans and most anaerobic bacteria (both gram-negative and gram-positive classes) but not the aerobic bacteria. Metronidazole is primarily used
Metronidazole
Carcinogenic compound found in smoke and soot
carcinogenic, and it is listed as a Group 1 carcinogen by the IARC. Chemical agents and related occupations, Volume 10, A review of Human Carcinogens
Benzo(a)pyrene
Triarylmethane dye
triarylmethane dye used as a histological stain and in Gram's method of classifying bacteria. Crystal violet has antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic (vermicide)
Crystal_violet
Preparing food using heat
from nitrites used as food preservatives; cured meat such as bacon is carcinogenic, with links to colon cancer. Ascorbate, which is added to cured meat
Cooking
Organic compound (H–CHO); simplest aldehyde
Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans (2006). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans - VOLUME 88 - Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde
Chemical element with atomic number 33 (As)
since ancient times to be poisonous to humans. However, a few species of bacteria are able to use arsenic compounds as respiratory metabolites. Trace quantities
Arsenic
Physical or chemical agent that increases the rate of genetic mutation
may be mutagenic (and highly toxic), but it has not been shown to be carcinogenic. Meanwhile, compounds which are not directly mutagenic but stimulate
Mutagen
Chemical compound
improved food safety. This view is disputed in the light of the possible carcinogenic effects caused by adding nitrites to meat. Nitrite has the E number E250
Sodium_nitrite
Medical condition
Carcinogenesis Cancer cell Carcinogen Tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes Clonally transmissible cancer Oncovirus Carcinogenic bacteria Misc. Research Index of
Invasive_urothelial_carcinoma
Species of plant
betel quid (often confusingly referred to as "betel nut"), which is carcinogenic, contains a psychostimulant drug, and is associated with a wide range
Betel
Chemical compound
Research on Cancer's lowest hazard category, Group 4: "probably not carcinogenic to humans". Currently, there is no official permissible exposure limit
Caprolactam
Food preservation and flavouring processes
International Agency for Research on Cancer classified "processed meats" as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). The use of nitrites in food preservation is highly
Curing_(food_preservation)
Chemical indicator that turns red in acidic solutions
pollutants. Methyl red is classed by the IARC in group 3 - unclassified as to carcinogenic potential in humans. As an azo dye, methyl red may be prepared by diazotization
Methyl_red
Meat from mammals such as beef, pork, and lamb
Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans (2018). "1. EXPOSURE DATA". Red Meat and Processed Meat. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to
Red_meat
Organic chemical compound
is carcinogenic in humans. In 1988 the International Agency for Research on Cancer stated, "There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Byproduct or waste product of woodworking operations (sawing, sanding, milling, etc.)
and non-allergic respiratory symptoms, and cancer. In the US, lists of carcinogenic factors are published by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Sawdust
Converting carbohydrates to alcohol or acids using anaerobic microorganisms
carbohydrates to alcohol or organic acids using microorganisms—yeasts or bacteria—without an oxidizing agent being used in the reaction. Fermentation usually
Fermentation in food processing
Fermentation_in_food_processing
Herbicide
including 2,4-D, MCPA and 2,4,5-T as a group as class 2B carcinogens - "possibly carcinogenic to humans". 2,4-D has been linked to lymphoma and bladder
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic_acid
Traditional Chinese food from Guangdong
of action) of carcinogenicity is that salted fish items contain high levels of N-nitroso compounds. These compounds exhibit carcinogenic effects through
Cantonese_salted_fish
Hydrocarbon compound (C6H6)
PMID 20070208. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs (PDF). Vol
Benzene
American biochemist (1928–2024)
have been shown to be carcinogenic. Ames published results showing that many ordinary food products would be found carcinogenic according to the same
Bruce_Ames
Antibiotic medication
type b and meningococcal disease in people who have been exposed to those bacteria. Before treating a person for a long period of time, measurements of liver
Rifampicin
Chemical compound
potential carcinogen, as has been listed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a Group 2B carcinogen ("possibly carcinogenic to humans")
Caffeic_acid
Polyatomic ion (NO3, charge –1) found in explosives and fertilisers
nitrate reducing bacteria is the precursor of nitrite in water and in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Nitrite is a precursor to carcinogenic nitrosamines
Nitrate
Process used to treat contaminated media such as water and soil
broadly refers to any process where in a biological system (typically bacteria, microalgae, fungi in mycoremediation, and plants in phytoremediation)
Bioremediation
Organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon
benzene in particular is known to be carcinogenic. Certain rare polycyclic aromatic compounds are carcinogenic. Hydrocarbons are highly flammable. Abiogenic
Hydrocarbon
Chemical compound
Experts on Flavouring Substances concluded that β-asarone is clearly carcinogenic and has proposed limits for its concentration in flavorings such as bitters
Asarone
Chemical compound
has been suggested as mechanism. This is similar to other carcinogens, such as the carcinogenic aromatic amines. It has been suggested that a CYP- or peroxidase-mediated
Sudan_I
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
in vivo assays of genotoxicity. Long-term carcinogenicity studies in rats and mice resulted in no carcinogenic or tumorigenic effects due to ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Chemical compound
California Prop 65, and has demonstrated clear evidence to be mutagenic and carcinogenic during animal studies, and has been discontinued for human use in the
Nitrofurazone
Skin disease
coal tar shampoos have been found, caution is advised since coal tar is carcinogenic in animals, and heavy human occupational exposures do increase cancer
Seborrhoeic_dermatitis
Inhibition of microbial growth in food
involves boiling (to reduce the fruit's moisture content and to kill bacteria, etc.), sugaring (to prevent their re-growth) and sealing within an airtight
Food_preservation
Chemical compound
into reactive oxygen species or anilines, which are carcinogenic and can mutate DNA. Various bacteria and enzymes can also cause this breakdown to occur
Methyl_orange
Chemical compound
be degraded by Pseudomonas bacteria. IARC considers the chlorophenoxyacetic acids group of chemicals as possibly carcinogenic to humans. In 1963 a production
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic_acid
Chemical compound
classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B). The reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous ammonia
Diethanolamine
Chemical compound
consumption by the FDA after studies in the 1960s suggested that safrole was carcinogenic, causing permanent liver damage in rats; food products sold there purporting
Safrole
infectious microbes. Infectious causes of cancer List of oncogenic bacteria Carcinogenic bacteria Oncovirus List of infectious diseases Using Wikipedia for Research
Chronic diseases and cancers linked to infectious microbes
Chronic_diseases_and_cancers_linked_to_infectious_microbes
Genus of bacteria
Helicobacter is a genus of gram-negative bacteria possessing a characteristic helical shape. They were initially considered to be members of the genus
Helicobacter
C2HCl3, widely used industrial solvent
until the late 1980s (especially for childbirth). Concerns about the carcinogenic potential of TCE led to its abandonment in developed countries by the
Trichloroethylene
Chemical compound
authors concluded that the study failed to demonstrate that cyclamate was carcinogenic because the cancers were all different, occurred at the same frequency
Cyclamate
Surfactant
chlorhexidine, with respect to its slow action and concerns about the carcinogenic impurity 4-chloroaniline.[citation needed] Octenidine preparations are
Octenidine_dihydrochloride
Chemical compound
as "not likely to be carcinogenic to humans in the absence of altered thyroid hormone homeostasis," i.e. it is a human carcinogen but only at doses large
Iodomethane
Chemical compound
in 1974 when it was observed to be mutagenic to bacteria in vitro and thus suspected of carcinogenicity. This was confirmed later when animal testing found
Furylfuramide
Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA
lengthening due to telomerase has been proven to occur in 90% of all carcinogenic tumors in vivo with the remaining 10% using an alternative telomere maintenance
Transcription_(biology)
S2CID 38404097. Suerbaum S, et al. (2003). "The complete genome sequence of the carcinogenic bacterium Helicobacter hepaticus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100
List of sequenced bacterial genomes
List_of_sequenced_bacterial_genomes
Substances added to food
to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938, stating that no carcinogenic substances may be used as food additives. However, after the banning
Food_additive
of carcinogenic compounds. Refer to the MSDS or the company specific standard operating procedures for the best solution to storing any carcinogen. After
Safe_handling_of_carcinogens
Chemical compound
R2C=O + 2 Cr3+ + 6 H2O Chromium trioxide is highly toxic, corrosive, and carcinogenic. It is the main example of hexavalent chromium, an environmental hazard
Chromium_trioxide
Chemical compound
MAGENTA AND MAGENTA PRODUCTION (PDF). IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC RISKS TO HUMANS. Vol. 99. International Agency for Research on Cancer
Fuchsine
Chemical compound
vitro. Three studies conducted in the 1970s did not find it to have any carcinogenic effects in rats. However, a 2009-2023 cohort study of 105,260 participants
Potassium_sorbate
Formation of cancer
increased DNA damage increases carcinogenic mutations and is likely a significant cause of H. pylori carcinogenesis. Other bacteria might also play a role in
Carcinogenesis
Chemical compound
bovine kidney epithelial cells and gene mutations in bacteria. There are no data on the carcinogenicity of riddelliine to humans, but based on experimental
Riddelliine
Changes in microbiota leading to disease
resulting from dysbiosis can cause DNA damage, and such damage can cause carcinogenic mutations in colon cells. Gut dysbiosis can affect the cardiovascular
Dysbiosis
Chemical compound
and nervous system. Finally, exposure to PCP is also associated with carcinogenic, renal, and neurological effects. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Pentachlorophenol
Viruses that can cause cancer
cancers. Infectious causes of cancer Carcinogen Oncogenic Oncogene Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma Cancer bacteria Oncolytic virus, a virus that infects
Oncovirus
Herbicide
In 2025, IARC updated the classification of atrazine to be "probably carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2A). A 2011 study that tracked 57,310 licensed American
Atrazine
Chemical compound
chloride is a colourless flammable gas that has a sweet odor and is carcinogenic. Vinyl chloride monomer is among the top twenty largest petrochemicals
Vinyl_chloride
Type of marker pen
diacetone alcohol, among many others. Many of these solvents are toxic, carcinogenic, or flammable, and should only be used with adequate ventilation. While
Permanent_marker
Active ingredient in fermented drinks
toxic carcinogen. Acetaldehyde is then further metabolized into ionic acetate by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Acetate is not carcinogenic and
Alcohol_(drug)
Chemical processes that make use of arsenic
Genotoxicity involves inhibition of DNA repair and DNA methylation. The carcinogenic effect of arsenic arises from the oxidative stress induced by arsenic
Arsenic_biochemistry
Organochlorine chemical and an isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane
human carcinogen, and in 2001 the EPA concluded there was "suggestive evidence of carcinogenicity, but not sufficient to assess human carcinogenic potential
Lindane
Circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health
activation to become carcinogenic. There are over 19 known carcinogens in cigarette smoke. The following are some of the most potent carcinogens: Polycyclic aromatic
Health effects of smoking tobacco
Health_effects_of_smoking_tobacco
Chemical compound
orally. It is also weakly carcinogenic, requiring a pre-existing oncovirus infection to have any effect. E. coli bacteria struggle to sense quorum in
4-Nitropyridine-N-oxide
Substance designed to prevent decomposition
controlling the bacteria that cause botulism, but sodium nitrite can react with proteins, or during cooking at high heats, to form carcinogenic N-nitrosamines
Preservative
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are
Virus
Class of chemical compounds
are mutagenic and carcinogenic. This enzyme induction can be initiated by many natural or synthetic compounds, e.g., carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds
Dioxins_and_dioxin-like_compounds
Chemical compound
the textile industry has long been abandoned, primarily because of its carcinogenic properties, but it is still used for histological staining. Congo red
Congo_red
Blue dye also used as a medication
S2CID 3851037. "Methylene Blue" (PDF). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Vol. 108. 2016. pp. 155–183 (166). Jakubowski H (2016)
Methylene_blue
Genus of bacteria
Azotobacter is a genus of usually motile, oval or spherical bacteria that form thick-walled cysts (and also has hard crust) and may produce large quantities
Azotobacter
Genus of bacteria
Roseburia is a genus of butyrate-producing, Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that inhabit the human colon. With a cell morphology of a curved-rod shape
Roseburia
Chemical compound
were also observed in the bacteria. P. fluorescens, a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), is an important bacteria found in soil, leaves and
Dimethyl_phthalate
Roundup and similar herbicides
does not pose a carcinogenic risk to humans". In a draft document the EPA has classified glyphosate as "not likely to be carcinogenic to humans." One
Glyphosate-based_herbicides
Strain of bacterium
serotype O2:H6/41, that is pro-carcinogenic, adherent-invasive (AIEC), probiotic strain of Escherichia coli, a species of bacteria that thrives in the intestines
Escherichia_coli_NC101
Fish preserved or cured with salt
Concentrations of salt up to 20% are required to kill most species of unwanted bacteria. Smoking, often used in the process of curing meat, adds chemicals to the
Salted_fish
Preparation of salmon
Nitrites and nitrates can be converted into nitrosamines, some of which are carcinogenic. Nitrosamine formation is temperature-dependent; nitrosamines are present
Smoked_salmon
Chemicals that prevent body decomposition
the tissue unsuitable for use as a nutrient source for bacteria. Formaldehyde is carcinogenic in humans and animals at excessive levels because the cross-linking
Embalming_chemicals
Fungicide
a wood protectant, pesticide, acaricide, and to control mold, mildew, bacteria, algae. Chlorothalonil-containing products are sold under the names Bravo
Chlorothalonil
Process whereby cells acquire the properties of cancer
cadmium, arsenic and nickel are all carcinogenic when present above certain levels. Cadmium is known to be carcinogenic, possibly due to reduction of DNA
Malignant_transformation
Process in winemaking
The fermentation reaction is undertaken by the family of lactic acid bacteria (LAB); Oenococcus oeni, and various species of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus
Malolactic_fermentation
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Accordingly, loss of MGMT increases the carcinogenic risk in mice after exposure to alkylating agents. Bacteria also use enzymes of this kind to protect
Methylated-DNA–protein-cysteine methyltransferase
Methylated-DNA–protein-cysteine_methyltransferase
Species of bacterium
anaerobius is a species of bacteria belonging to the Peptostreptococcus genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore forming bacteria. The cells are small,
Peptostreptococcus_anaerobius
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
Biblical
assistance of God
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Beasley.
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu
Unique; Uncomparable; Without Compromise
Boy/Male
German, Teutonic
Rules an Estate
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Teacher of the Vedas
Girl/Female
Indian
Youngest
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit, Tamil
Lord Murugan in the Temple of Swamimalai Near Kumbakonam
Boy/Male
Tamil
Of the Aryan race, Ancient, Warrior
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Skilled in Literature
Girl/Female
Biblical
Elevation of the watch-tower.
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
CARCINOGENIC BACTERIA
n.
A minute grain or germ; a small, round or ovoid body, formed in certain organisms, and by germination giving rise to a new organism; as, the reproductive spores of bacteria, etc.
a.
Pertaining to pleomorphism; as, the pleomorphic character of bacteria.
n.
A poison separable from decomposed meat infusions, and supposed to be formed from albuminous matter through the agency of bacteria.
n.
A colony or mass of bacteria imbedded in a viscous gelatinous substance. The zoogloea is characteristic of a transitory stage through which rapidly multiplying bacteria pass in the course of their evolution. Also used adjectively.
n.
A genus of bacteria, characterized by having their filaments very long, slender, and indistinctly articulated.
n.
Having the form of a little chain; -- applied to bacteria when, as in multiplication by fission, they form a chain of filiform individuals.
n.
A chain of special bacteria. (b) A genus of budding fungi. Same as Saccharomyces. Also used adjectively.
n.
A genus of motile bacteria characterized by short, slightly sinuous filaments and an undulatory motion; also, an individual of this genus.
n. pl.
A so-called variety of bacterium, consisting in reality of several bacteria linked together in the form of a chain.
n. pl.
Microscopic organic particles, molecular granules, powdered inorganic substances, etc., which in form, size, and grouping resemble bacteria.
n.
The theory that the various genera of bacteria are phases or variations of growth of a number of Protean species, each of which may exhibit, according to undetermined conditions, all or some of the forms characteristic of the different genera and species.
a.
Of or pertaining to bacteria.
n.
One of a physiological group of globular bacteria which produces fermentations of diverse nature; -- distinguished from pathogene.
v. t.
To destroy all spores or germs in (an organic fluid or mixture), as by heat, so as to prevent the development of bacterial or other organisms.
n.
One of a class of virulent microorganisms or bacteria found in the tissues and fluids in infectious diseases, and supposed to be the cause of the disease; a pathogenic organism; a pathogenic bacterium; -- opposed to zymogene.
n.
A genus of bacteria found in various organic fluids, especially in those those of the stomach, associated with certain diseases. The individual organisms undergo division along two perpendicular partitions, so that multiplication takes place in two directions, giving groups of four cubical cells. Also used adjectively; as, a sarcina micrococcus; a sarcina group.
n.
A poisonous product formed by pathogenic bacteria, as a toxic proteid or poisonous ptomaine.
n. pl.
An order of Schizophyta, including the so-called fission fungi, or bacteria. See Schizophyta, in the Supplement.
n.
A piece of DNA, usually circular, functioning as part of the genetic material of a cell, not integrated with the chromosome and replicating independently of the chromosome, but transferred, like the chromosome, to subsequent generations. In bacteria, plasmids often carry the genes for antibiotic resistance; they are exploited in genetic engineering as the vehicles for introduction of extraneous DNA into cells, to alter the genetic makeup of the cell. The cells thus altered may produce desirable proteins which are extracted and used; in the case of genetically altered plant cells, the altered cells may grow into complete plants with changed properties, as for example, increased resistance to disease.
n.
The doctrine of the widespread distribution of germs, from which under favorable circumstances bacteria, vibrios, etc., may develop.