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1153 papal election followed the death of Pope Eugene III and resulted in the election of Pope Anastasius IV. Pope Eugenius III died on 8 July 1153 at
1153_papal_election
The 1144 papal election followed the death of Pope Celestine II and resulted in the election of Pope Lucius II. Pope Celestine II died on 8 March 1144
1144_papal_election
Papal elections since 1276 have taken the form of conclaves, which are elections that follow a set of rules and procedures developed in In nomine Domini
List_of_papal_conclaves
The 1145 papal election followed the death of Pope Lucius II and resulted in the election of Pope Eugene III, the first pope of the Order of Cistercians
1145_papal_election
A papal election on 26 September 1143 followed the death of Innocent II and resulted in the election of Celestine II as the new pope of the Roman Catholic
1143_papal_election
1145 papal election 1147 Imperial election 1152 Imperial election 1153 papal election 1154 papal election 1159 papal election 1169 Imperial election 1181
List_of_elections_before_1701
The 1198 papal election (held 8 January) was convoked after the death of Pope Celestine III; it ended with the election of Cardinal Lotario dei Conti di
1198_papal_election
against him, Cappellari eventually took the lead and won the election, taking the papal name Gregory XVI. No conclave since has lasted as long as a week
1830–1831_conclave
The papal election held from 4 to 7 September 1159 following the death of Pope Adrian IV resulted in the election of two rival popes. A majority of the
1159_papal_election
A papal election was held on 14 February 1130, after the death of Pope Honorius II, and resulted in a double election. Part of the cardinals, led by Cardinal-Chancellor
1130_papal_election
The 1549–50 papal conclave (29 November – 7 February) convened after the death of Pope Paul III and eventually elected Cardinal Giovanni Ciocchi as Pope
1549–1550_conclave
to Spain. In addition to the secular politics that influenced these papal elections, during this period they were marked by a strategy among elite families
May_1605_conclave
The 1185 papal election (held November 25) was convoked after the death of Pope Lucius III. It resulted in the election of Cardinal Uberto Crivelli of
1185_papal_election
Carthusian monk
Church a laughingstock." He participated in the papal election of 1153 and perhaps also in the papal election of 1154. The date of his death is uncertain
Jordan_of_Santa_Susanna
Election of Pope Adrian IV
The 1154 papal election followed the death of Pope Anastasius IV and resulted in the election of Pope Adrian IV, the only Englishman to become pope. Pope
1154_papal_election
The 1700 papal conclave was convened following the death of Pope Innocent XII. It ended in the election of Cardinal Giovanni Albani as Pope Clement XI
1700_conclave
French Cistercian and Cardinal
subscribed the papal bulls between 29 December 1151 and 24 January 1155 and participated in the papal election, 1153 and papal election, 1154. He corresponded
Hugh_of_Ostia_(died_1158)
The 1292–94 papal election (from 5 April 1292 to 5 July 1294), was the last papal election which did not take the form of a papal conclave (in which the
1292–1294_papal_election
Pope Eugene III 1153 papal election, which elected Pope Anastasius IV 1154 papal election, which elected Pope Adrian IV 1159 papal election, which elected
Odone_Fattiboni
John Lateran's Basilica; legate of papal galleys Ippolito Aldobrandini (18 December 1585) – Cardinal- Priest of The Papal Basilica of St Pancrazio Outside
October–December 1590 conclave
October–December_1590_conclave
The 1572 papal conclave (12–13 May), convoked after the death of Pope Pius V, elected Cardinal Ugo Boncompagni, who took the name Gregory XIII. Pope Pius
1572_conclave
Titles given to the Catholic Bishop of Rome
The titles of the Bishop of Rome, more often referred to as the papal titles, refer to the various titles used by protocol, as a form of addressing or
Papal_titles
The 1061 papal election was held on 30 September 1061 in San Pietro in Vincoli ("Saint Peter in Chains") in Rome, following the death of Pope Nicholas
1061_papal_election
finishing in November, and those who took them lost heavily. Gambling on papal elections occurred, and the bookmakers favored Farnese, followed by Medici. Conclave
1523_conclave
1740 papal conclave (18 February – 17 August) was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XII on 6 February 1740 and was one of the longest papal conclaves
1740_conclave
The 1287–88 papal election (April 4 – February 22) was the deadliest papal election in the history of the Roman Catholic Church, with six (or five) of
1287–1288_papal_election
The 1691 papal conclave was convened on the death of Pope Alexander VIII and ended with the election of Cardinal Antonio Pignatelli as Pope Innocent XII
1691_conclave
The papal election held from January 29 to February 2 1119 was, of all the elections currently considered legitimate by the Roman Catholic Church, the
1119_papal_election
Election of Pope Julius II
Francesco Piccolomini, who was the favorite of the bookmakers gambling on papal elections, who had been elected on 22 September. Pius III (Francesco Todeschini-Piccolomini)
October_1503_conclave
The papal conclave held from 13 to 20 December 1334 in Avignon elected Jacques Fournier to succeed John XXII as pope. A major point of contention was
1334_conclave
Head of the Catholic Church
century until 1870, the pope was the sovereign or head of state of the Papal States, and since 1929 of the much smaller Vatican City State. From a Catholic
Pope
The 1088 papal election subsequent to the death of Pope Victor III in 1087 was held on 12 March 1088. Six cardinal-bishops, assisted by two lower-ranking
1088_papal_election
The 1264–65 papal election (12 October 1264 – 5 February 1265) was convened after the death of Pope Urban IV and ended by electing his successor Pope Clement
1264–1265_papal_election
A papal conclave was held from 24 February to 31 March 1829 to elect a new pope to succeed Leo XII, who had died on 10 February. Of the 50 members of
1829_conclave
The 1669–70 papal conclave (21 December – 29 April) was convened on the death of Pope Clement IX and ended with the election of Cardinal Emilio Altieri
1669–1670_conclave
Charles V declared this time a total disinterest in the result of the papal election, because the last two Popes, Clement VII and Adrian VI, whom he had
1534_conclave
The 1227 papal election (19 March), was convoked after the death of Pope Honorius III on 18 March 1227 at Rome. The cardinals present at Rome assembled
1227_papal_election
The April 1555 papal conclave (5–9 April) was convoked after the death of Pope Julius III. The cardinals at the conclave generally grouped themselves
April_1555_conclave
The May 1555 papal conclave (15–23 May) was convened on the death of Pope Marcellus II (whose reign had only lasted from 9 April to 1 May that year) and
May_1555_conclave
eighty days. Upon his election, Chigi took the name Alexander VII. Baumgartner 2003, p. 154. Trollope, Thomas Adolphus. 1876, The Papal Conclaves: As They
1655_conclave
The 1280–81 papal election (September 22 – February 22) elected Simon de Brion, who took the name Pope Martin IV, as the successor to Pope Nicholas III
1280–1281_papal_election
17th century papal conclave
The 1621 papal conclave held from 8 to 9 February 1621, Cardinal Alessandro Ludovisi was elected to succeed Paul V as pope. Ludovisi took the name Gregory
1621_conclave
Former Roman Catholic Church ceremony
A papal coronation was the formal ceremony of the placing of the papal tiara on a newly elected pope. The first recorded papal coronation was of Pope Nicholas
Papal_coronation
The 1277 papal election (May 30 – November 25), convened in Viterbo after the death of Pope John XXI, was the smallest papal election since the expansion
1277_papal_election
German Benedictine abbot, cardinal and papal legate of the 12th century
March 1151. However, some records suggest he participated in the 1153 papal election at which Pope Anastasius IV was elected. The year of death is given
Theodwin_of_Santa_Rufina
The papal election that followed the death of Pope Clement IV lasted from 1 December 1268 to 1 September 1271 and was the longest in the history of the
1268–1271_papal_election
The 1592 papal conclave (10–30 January) elected Pope Clement VIII in succession to Pope Innocent IX. Pope Innocent IX died on December 30, 1591, only
1592_conclave
The 1261 papal election (26 May – 29 August) took place after the death of Pope Alexander IV on 25 May and chose Pope Urban IV as his successor. Since
1261_papal_election
1774–75 papal conclave (5 October – 15 February) was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XIV on 22 September 1774 and ended with the election of Cardinal
1774–1775_conclave
cardinal-electors made the election the largest since the creation of the conclave. The Roman bookmakers, accustomed to gambling on papal elections, did not regard
September_1503_conclave
A papal conclave was held from 30 November 1799 to 14 March 1800 to elect a new pope to succeed Pius VI, who had died on 29 August. On the final ballot
1799–1800_conclave
his two immediate predecessors, he took John Paul I as his papal name. After the election, when Cardinal Sin paid him homage, the new pope noted: "You
August_1978_conclave
Election of Pope Leo X
The 1513 papal conclave, occasioned by the death of Pope Julius II on 21 February 1513, opened on 4 March with twenty-five cardinals in attendance, out
1513_conclave
Papal election in 1099
The 1099 papal election following the death of Pope Urban II took place on 13 August 1099. Before his death, Urban had designated Cardinal Raniero di Bleda
1099_papal_election
The 1447 papal conclave (4–6 March), meeting in the Roman basilica of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, elected Pope Nicholas V (Tommaso Parentucelli) to succeed
1447_conclave
The 1521–22 papal conclave elected Pope Adrian VI to succeed Pope Leo X. The conclave was marked by the early candidacies of cardinal-nephew Giulio de'Medici
1521–1522_conclave
The 1073 papal election (held 22 April 1073) saw the election of Hildebrand of Sovana (who took the papal name Gregory VII) as successor to Pope Alexander
1073_papal_election
The 1243 papal election (16 May – 25 June) elected Cardinal Sinibaldo Fieschi of Genoa to succeed Pope Celestine IV. The conclave began after the Holy
1243_papal_election
of Imola. After accepting his election, he took the name Pius IX. This conclave was the last to elect a ruler of the Papal States, the extensive lands around
1846_conclave
The 1254 papal election (11–12 December) took place following the death of Pope Innocent IV and ended with the choice of Raynaldus de' Conti, who took
1254_papal_election
A papal conclave was held from 2 to 28 September 1823 to elect a new pope to succeed Pius VII, who had died on 20 August. Of the 49 members of the College
1823_conclave
A papal election was held on 24 January 1118 to choose the successor for Paschal II, who died in Rome on 21 January after an 18-year pontificate. Gelasius
1118_papal_election
The 1559 papal conclave (5 September – 25 December) was convened on the death of Pope Paul IV and elected Pope Pius IV as his successor. Due to interference
1559_conclave
Head of the Catholic Church from 1153 to 1154
ruler of the Papal States from 8 July 1153 to his death in 1154. He is the most recent pope to take the name "Anastasius" upon his election. He was a Roman
Pope_Anastasius_IV
The 1676 papal conclave was convened after the death of Pope Clement X and lasted from 2 August until 21 September 1676. It led to the election of Cardinal
1676_conclave
The 1689 papal conclave was convened after the death of Pope Innocent XI. It led to the election of Cardinal Pietro Vito Ottoboni as Pope Alexander VIII
1689_conclave
The 1191 papal election took place after the death of Pope Clement III. Pope Clement, according to differing and irreconcilable reports, died in March
1191_papal_election
of papal conclaves. The first, Commissum Nobis of 20 January 1904, eliminated any secular monarch's claim to a veto over a candidate for election. It
1914_conclave
Chigi family to the papal government and appointing a cardinal nephew. The diplomatic relationship between France and the Papal States became worse while
1667_conclave
1724 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Innocent XIII. It began on 20 March 1724 and ended on 28 May that year with the election of Cardinal
1724_conclave
An Account of the Papal Conclaves – Concluding Chapter: Leo XIII and His Successors". Burkle-Young, Francis A. (2000). Papal Elections in the Age of Transition
1903_conclave
The 1721 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Clement XI. It began on 31 March 1721 and ended on 8 May that year with the election of Cardinal
1721_conclave
The 1585 papal conclave (21–24 April), convoked after the death of Pope Gregory XIII, elected Cardinal Felice Peretti, who took the name Sixtus V. Forty-two
1585_conclave
The 1455 papal conclave (4–8 April) elected Cardinal Alfons de Borja as Pope Callixtus III following the death of Pope Nicholas V. The conclave was the
1455_conclave
The papal conclave held from 1 May 1314 to 7 August 1316 in the apostolic palace of Carpentras and then the Dominican house in Lyon was one of the longest
1314–1316_conclave
actually elected pope in the 1958 papal conclave on 26 October, taking the name of Gregory XVII, but his election was then suppressed, duress having
1958_conclave
The 1484 papal conclave (26–29 August) elected Pope Innocent VIII after the death of Pope Sixtus IV. At the death of Sixtus IV, the conclave of cardinals
1484_conclave
In the 1303 papal conclave, Benedict XI was elected to succeed Boniface VIII as pope. Pope Boniface VIII was buried at St. Peter's Basilica on 12 October
1303_conclave
The 1769 papal conclave (15 February – 19 May) was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XIII on 2 February 1769 and ended with the election of Cardinal
1769_conclave
Papal conclave that elected Pope Urban VII
The Conclave: A Sometimes Secret and Occasionally Bloody History of Papal Elections. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 123. Jedin, Hubert; Dolan, John Patrick,
September_1590_conclave
A papal election was held from 16 to 21 December 1124, after the death of Pope Callixtus II on 13 December 1124. The election was characterised by a power
1124_papal_election
The papal conclave held from 16 to 18 December 1352 was convened after the death of Pope Clement VI and elected as his successor Cardinal Etienne Aubert
1352_conclave
The 1623 papal conclave was convened on the death of Pope Gregory XV and ended with the election of Cardinal Maffeo Barberini as Pope Urban VIII. It was
1623_conclave
The 1644 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Urban VIII. It lasted from 9 August to 15 September 1644; the cardinal electors chose Cardinal
1644_conclave
The 1216 papal election was convoked in Perugia on 18 July 1216 following the death of Pope Innocent III two days earlier. The troubled social and political
1216_papal_election
The papal conclave held from 5 to 7 May 1342 was convened after the death of Pope Benedict XII and elected Cardinal Pierre Roger to succeed as pope. The
1342_conclave
The 1086 papal election (held 24 May) ended with the election of Desiderius, abbot of Monte Cassino as Pope Gregory VII's successor after a year-long period
1086_papal_election
Perugia. After accepting his election, he took the name Leo XIII. It was the first election of a pope who would not rule the Papal States and the first to
1878_conclave
of Milan. After accepting his election, he took the name Paul VI. His coronation on 30 June 1963 was the latest papal coronation to date. John XXIII's
1963_conclave
1181 papal election followed the death of Pope Alexander III and resulted in the election of Pope Lucius III. This was the first papal election celebrated
1181_papal_election
The 1464 papal conclave (28–30 August), convened after the death of Pope Pius II, elected as his successor cardinal Pietro Barbo, who took the name Paul
1464_conclave
The 1758 papal conclave (15 May – 6 July) was convoked after the death of Pope Benedict XIV on 3 May 1758 and ended with the election of Cardinal Carlo
1758_conclave
requirement of being incommunicado. Although several times before papal elections were held in the circumstances similar to those described by Ubi periculum
January_1276_conclave
1730 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Benedict XIII. It began on 5 March 1730 and ended on 12 July that year with the election of Cardinal
1730_conclave
Conflict between the papacy and Holy Roman Empire
Frederick Barbarossa. At Konstanz in 1153, the two men signed an agreement. In exchange for the Pope's reconquest of the Papal States, he agreed to crown Barbarossa
Clash between the Church and the Empire
Clash_between_the_Church_and_the_Empire
The 1471 papal conclave (6–9 August) elected Pope Sixtus IV following the death of Pope Paul II. With the exception of the conclaves of the Western Schism
1471_conclave
The 1565–66 papal conclave (20 December – 7 January) was convened on the death of Pope Pius IV and ended in the election of Pope Pius V. Cardinal Vitellozzo
1565–1566_conclave
The September 1276 papal election is the only papal election to be the third election held in the same year; after Pope Gregory X died, two successors
September_1276_papal_election
Election of Pope Pius II
The 1458 papal conclave (16–19 August), convened after the death of Pope Callixtus III, elected as his successor Cardinal Enea Piccolomini, who took the
1458_conclave
Clement VIII and ended with the election of Cardinal Alessandro de' Medici as Pope Leo XI. It was the first of the two papal conclaves in 1605; Leo XI died
March–April_1605_conclave
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