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Search references for 1689 CONCLAVE. Phrases containing 1689 CONCLAVE
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The 1689 papal conclave was convened after the death of Pope Innocent XI. It led to the election of Cardinal Pietro Vito Ottoboni as Pope Alexander VIII
1689_conclave
Papal elections since 1276 have taken the form of conclaves, which are elections that follow a set of rules and procedures developed in In nomine Domini
List_of_papal_conclaves
1294 conclave 1303 conclave 1304-1305 conclave 1314–1316 conclave 1334 conclave 1342 conclave 1352 conclave 1362 conclave 1370 conclave 1378 conclave 1389
List_of_elections_before_1701
A conclave was held on 25 and 26 August 1978 to elect a new pope to succeed Paul VI, who had died on 6 August 1978. Of the 114 eligible cardinal electors
August_1978_conclave
The 1513 papal conclave, occasioned by the death of Pope Julius II on 21 February 1513, opened on 4 March with twenty-five cardinals in attendance, out
1513_conclave
A conclave was held from 25 to 28 October 1958 to elect a pope to succeed Pius XII, who had died on 9 October 1958. Of the 53 members of the College of
1958_conclave
Spanish-controlled Naples. Issues of Gallicanism were prominent in the 1689 conclave that had elected Alexander VIII. Alexander's predecessor, Innocent XI
1691_conclave
Italian Roman Catholic saint
the Bishop of Padua. Barbarigo was a frontrunner in both the 1689 and 1691 papal conclaves as he had distinguished himself for his diplomatic and scholastic
Gregorio_Barbarigo
Cardinal 7 November 1689, bishop of Ostia and Velletri, Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals; he was taken ill during the conclave, left it on 25 February
1740_conclave
A conclave was held from 19 to 21 June 1963 to elect a new pope to succeed John XXIII, who had died on 3 June 1963. It was the last conclave before the
1963_conclave
A conclave was held from 31 July to 4 August 1903 to elect a new pope to succeed Leo XIII, who had died on 20 July. Of the 64 members of the College of
1903_conclave
Calendar year
1689 (MDCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1689th
1689
A papal conclave was held from 6 to 11 August 1492 to elect a new pope to succeed Innocent VIII, who had died on 25 July 1492. Of the 27 members of the
1492_conclave
A conclave was held from 31 August to 3 September 1914 to elect a new pope in succession to Pius X, who had died on 20 August. Of the 65 members of the
1914_conclave
A papal conclave was held from 30 November 1799 to 14 March 1800 to elect a new pope to succeed Pius VI, who had died on 29 August. On the final ballot
1799–1800_conclave
A conclave was held from 14 December 1830 to 2 February 1831 to elect a new pope to succeed Pius VIII, who had died on 30 November. Of the 45 members of
1830–1831_conclave
A conclave was held from 2 to 6 February 1922 to elect a new pope to succeed Benedict XV, who had died on 22 January. Of the 60 members of the College
1922_conclave
A conclave was held from 14 to 16 June 1846 to elect a new pope to succeed Gregory XVI, who had died in 1 June. Of the 62 members of the College of Cardinals
1846_conclave
The 1521–22 papal conclave elected Pope Adrian VI to succeed Pope Leo X. The conclave was marked by the early candidacies of cardinal-nephew Giulio de'Medici
1521–1522_conclave
The 1523 conclave elected cardinal Giulio de' Medici as Pope Clement VII to succeed Pope Adrian VI. According to conclave historian Baumgartner, this was
1523_conclave
The 1669–70 papal conclave (21 December – 29 April) was convened on the death of Pope Clement IX and ended with the election of Cardinal Emilio Altieri
1669–1670_conclave
The 1676 papal conclave was convened after the death of Pope Clement X and lasted from 2 August until 21 September 1676. It led to the election of Cardinal
1676_conclave
The 1769 papal conclave (15 February – 19 May) was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XIII on 2 February 1769 and ended with the election of Cardinal
1769_conclave
Election of Pope Julius II
The October 1503 conclave elected Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere as Pope Julius II to succeed Pope Pius III. The conclave took place during the Italian
October_1503_conclave
conclave was convened on the death of Pope Alexander VII and ended with the election of Cardinal Giulio Rospigliosi as Pope Clement IX. The conclave was
1667_conclave
Papal conclave that elected Pope Urban VII
In September 1590, a conclave attended by 54 cardinals elected Cardinal Giovanni Castagna as Pope Urban VII. The conclave lasted a week, and was heavily
September_1590_conclave
The 1774–75 papal conclave (5 October – 15 February) was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XIV on 22 September 1774 and ended with the election
1774–1775_conclave
Topics referred to by the same term
Vincent Benítez chooses the papal name Innocent XIV in the 2016 novel Conclave and its 2024 film adaptation This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Pope_Innocent
7 July 1274, during the Second Council of Lyon, establishing the papal conclave, whose rules were based on the tactics employed against the cardinals in
1268–1271_papal_election
A conclave was held from 18 to 20 February 1878 to elect a new pope to succeed Pius IX, who had died on 7 February. Of the 64 members of the College of
1878_conclave
The May 1605 conclave held from 8 to 16 May 1605; Cardinal Camillo Borghese was elected to succeed Leo XI as pope. Borghese took the name Paul V. This
May_1605_conclave
Italian Catholic Cardinal, code-breaker and investigator
Decio Azzolino (11 April 1623 – 8 June 1689) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal, code-breaker, investigator and leader of the Squadrone Volante. Azzolino
Decio_Azzolino
The March–April 1605 conclave was convened on the death of Clement VIII and ended with the election of Cardinal Alessandro de' Medici as Pope Leo XI. It
March–April_1605_conclave
A papal conclave was held from 24 February to 31 March 1829 to elect a new pope to succeed Leo XII, who had died on 10 February. Of the 50 members of the
1829_conclave
A conclave held from 8 October to 5 December 1590 ended with the election of Gregory XIV was elected as the new pope. This conclave was marked by significant
October–December 1590 conclave
October–December_1590_conclave
The 1304–1305 papal conclave was initiated after the death of Pope Benedict XI in July 1304. It took place in Perugia, the city in which Benedict XI had
1304–1305_conclave
The 1721 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Clement XI. It began on 31 March 1721 and ended on 8 May that year with the election of Cardinal
1721_conclave
The 1565–66 papal conclave (20 December – 7 January) was convened on the death of Pope Pius IV and ended in the election of Pope Pius V. Cardinal Vitellozzo
1565–1566_conclave
A papal conclave was held from 2 to 28 September 1823 to elect a new pope to succeed Pius VII, who had died on 20 August. Of the 49 members of the College
1823_conclave
Two conclaves were held in 1503. The first conclave was held following the death of Pope Alexander VI on August 18, 1503. This conclave lasted from September
Cardinal electors for the 1503 conclaves
Cardinal_electors_for_the_1503_conclaves
The 1294 papal conclave (23–24 December) was convoked in Naples after the resignation of Pope Celestine V on 13 December 1294. Celestine V had only months
1294_conclave
Election of Pope Pius II
The 1458 papal conclave (16–19 August), convened after the death of Pope Callixtus III, elected as his successor Cardinal Enea Piccolomini, who took the
1458_conclave
The 1591 conclave (27–29 October) was held after the death of Pope Gregory XIV on 16 October that year, after less than a year as pope. This left the Holy
1591_conclave
Head of the Catholic Church from 1689 to 1691
(11 August 2015). "SEDE VACANTE 1689". CSUN. Retrieved 24 December 2022. "Pope Alexander VIII: Proceedings of the Conclave that led to his election". Pickle
Pope_Alexander_VIII
the longest conclaves in the history of the Roman Catholic Church and the first conclave of the Avignon Papacy. The length of the conclave was due to the
1314–1316_conclave
The 1623 papal conclave was convened on the death of Pope Gregory XV and ended with the election of Cardinal Maffeo Barberini as Pope Urban VIII. It was
1623_conclave
Title conferred upon a particular Cardinal by a Catholic monarch
Church." According to conclave historian Frederic Baumgartner, the crown-cardinals "rarely came to Rome except for the conclaves, if then, and they were
Crown-cardinal
The 1559 papal conclave (5 September – 25 December) was convened on the death of Pope Paul IV and elected Pope Pius IV as his successor. Due to interference
1559_conclave
The 1549–50 papal conclave (29 November – 7 February) convened after the death of Pope Paul III and eventually elected Cardinal Giovanni Ciocchi as Pope
1549–1550_conclave
A conclave was held from 21 to 22 January 1276 to elect the successor of Pope Gregory X, who succumbed to illness on the return from the Second Ecumenical
January_1276_conclave
The 1644 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Urban VIII. It lasted from 9 August to 15 September 1644; the cardinal electors chose Cardinal
1644_conclave
17th century papal conclave
The 1621 papal conclave held from 8 to 9 February 1621, Cardinal Alessandro Ludovisi was elected to succeed Paul V as pope. Ludovisi took the name Gregory
1621_conclave
Head of the Catholic Church from 1676 to 1689
XI (Latin: Innocentius XI; Italian: Innocenzo XI; 16 May 1611 – 12 August 1689), born Benedetto Odescalchi, was head of the Catholic Church and leader of
Pope_Innocent_XI
The 1758 papal conclave (15 May – 6 July) was convoked after the death of Pope Benedict XIV on 3 May 1758 and ended with the election of Cardinal Carlo
1758_conclave
Italian Catholic Cardinal and Bishop
participated in three conclaves: conclave of 1689, which elected Pope Alexander VIII conclave of 1691, which elected Pope Innocent XII conclave of 1700, which
Fulvio_Astalli
The 1585 papal conclave (21–24 April), convoked after the death of Pope Gregory XIII, elected Cardinal Felice Peretti, who took the name Sixtus V. Forty-two
1585_conclave
Nephew or relative of a pope appointed as a cardinal by him
during the 16th and 17th centuries. The last cardinal-nephew was named in 1689 and the practice was abolished in 1692. The word nepotism originally referred
Cardinal-nephew
The September 1503 conclave elected Pope Pius III to succeed Pope Alexander VI. Due to the Italian Wars, the College of Cardinals was surrounded by three
September_1503_conclave
The 1464 papal conclave (28–30 August), convened after the death of Pope Pius II, elected as his successor cardinal Pietro Barbo, who took the name Paul
1464_conclave
The May 1555 papal conclave (15–23 May) was convened on the death of Pope Marcellus II (whose reign had only lasted from 9 April to 1 May that year) and
May_1555_conclave
Decade
The 1680s decade ran from January 1, 1680, to December 31, 1689. January 2 – King Amangkurat II of Mataram (located on the island of Java, part of modern-day
1680s
Italian cardinal (1630–1719)
following conclaves : 1669–1670 papal conclave, which elected Pope Clement X 1676 papal conclave, which elected Pope Innocent XI 1691 papal conclave, which
Nicolò_Acciaioli_(cardinal)
The 1447 papal conclave (4–6 March), meeting in the Roman basilica of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, elected Pope Nicholas V (Tommaso Parentucelli) to succeed
1447_conclave
conclave was convened following the death of Pope Innocent XII. It ended in the election of Cardinal Giovanni Albani as Pope Clement XI. The conclave
1700_conclave
1455 papal conclave (4–8 April) elected Cardinal Alfons de Borja as Pope Callixtus III following the death of Pope Nicholas V. The conclave was the first
1455_conclave
The April 1555 papal conclave (5–9 April) was convoked after the death of Pope Julius III. The cardinals at the conclave generally grouped themselves
April_1555_conclave
The 1730 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Benedict XIII. It began on 5 March 1730 and ended on 12 July that year with the election of Cardinal
1730_conclave
Italian cardinal
Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina in 1689 before participating in the conclave of 1689 which elected Pope Alexander VIII. He participated in the conclave of 1691 which elected
Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni
Paluzzo_Paluzzi_Altieri_degli_Albertoni
Duke of Montefeltro
Church from the years of 1660 until 1709, participating in the papal conclaves of 1689, 1691, and 1700. Medici was born in Florence in 1660 and was the second
Francesco_Maria_de'_Medici
1655 conclave was convened following the death of Pope Innocent X and ended with the election of Cardinal Fabio Chigi as Alexander VII. The conclave quickly
1655_conclave
The papal conclave held from 16 to 18 December 1352 was convened after the death of Pope Clement VI and elected as his successor Cardinal Etienne Aubert
1352_conclave
The 1592 papal conclave (10–30 January) elected Pope Clement VIII in succession to Pope Innocent IX. Pope Innocent IX died on December 30, 1591, only two
1592_conclave
then on 14 November 1689 he received the title of Saints Silvestro and Martino at the Monti. He participated in the conclave of 1689 and subsequently, on
Opisto_Pallavicini
The 1431 papal conclave (2–3 March) convened after the death of Pope Martin V and elected as his successor Cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name
1431_conclave
A papal conclave was held between 22 September and 28 October 1362 in the Palais des Papes of Avignon to elect the successor of Pope Innocent VI. Guillaume
1362_conclave
1484 papal conclave (26–29 August) elected Pope Innocent VIII after the death of Pope Sixtus IV. At the death of Sixtus IV, the conclave of cardinals
1484_conclave
The 1471 papal conclave (6–9 August) elected Pope Sixtus IV following the death of Pope Paul II. With the exception of the conclaves of the Western Schism
1471_conclave
Modern Orders of Knights Templar
the Royal Grand Conclave was allowed to admit non-Masons and these men were never members of any Encampments, only of Grand Conclave." The modern non-Masonic
Scottish_Knights_Templar
Italian nobleman (1652–1713)
1689, which was finished by 1704. Due to his position as Captain General Livio would also play a significant role during the papal conclave of 1689,
Livio_Odescalchi
1996 apostolic constitution of Pope John Paul II
The constitution modified, or in some cases confirmed, the rules for the conclave. It also clarified, during a sede vacante, which matters could be handled
Universi_Dominici_gregis
The 1724 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Innocent XIII. It began on 20 March 1724 and ended on 28 May that year with the election of Cardinal
1724_conclave
Head of the Catholic Church in 1503
terminating the project. Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini participated in the conclave that elected Pope Paul II in 1464. As a nephew of the late pope, he should
Pope_Pius_III
The 1572 papal conclave (12–13 May), convoked after the death of Pope Pius V, elected Cardinal Ugo Boncompagni, who took the name Gregory XIII. Pope Pius
1572_conclave
Ubi periculum, the papal bull of Pope Gregory X establishing the papal conclave, with his own bull Licet felicis recordationis, the cardinal electors were
1277_papal_election
The papal conclave held from 5 to 7 May 1342 was convened after the death of Pope Benedict XII and elected Cardinal Pierre Roger to succeed as pope. The
1342_conclave
In the 1303 papal conclave, Benedict XI was elected to succeed Boniface VIII as pope. Pope Boniface VIII was buried at St. Peter's Basilica on 12 October
1303_conclave
City-related articles Legends surrounding the papacy Liber Pontificalis Papal conclave Papal name Pope John numbering Prophecy of the Popes List of canonized
List_of_popes
Latin announcement of the election of a pope
in the College) or by the senior cardinal deacon participating in the conclave. The announcement is made from the central balcony (loggia) of St. Peter's
Habemus_papam
The 1534 papal conclave (11 October – 13 October) was convened after the death of Pope Clement VII, and elected as his successor Cardinal Alessandro Farnese
1534_conclave
The papal conclave held from 13 to 20 December 1334 in Avignon elected Jacques Fournier to succeed John XXII as pope. A major point of contention was whether
1334_conclave
Catholic cardinal (1626–1691)
archbishop of Fermo He participated in the Conclave of 1689, which elected Alexander VIII, and the Conclave of 1691, which elected Innocent XII. Ginetti
Giovanni_Francesco_Ginetti
rebels are defeated. 1689: Two Treatises of Government published anonymously by John Locke. 1689: Bill of Rights takes effect. 1689: Chhatrapati Sambhaji
Timeline_of_the_17th_century
2013 changes to the election of popes
followed if a papal conclave lasted more than two weeks. He also modified the cardinals' authority to set the start date of a conclave and tightened the
Papal election reforms of Pope Benedict XVI
Papal_election_reforms_of_Pope_Benedict_XVI
Old St. Peter's Basilica, site of the 1159 conclave
1159_papal_election
Period during which the Pope lived in Avignon, France (1309–1376)
the subsequent death of Pope Benedict XI, Philip pressured a deadlocked conclave to elect the archbishop of Bordeaux as Pope Clement V in 1305. Clement
Avignon_Papacy
referred to as the "first conclave" (even the "first formal papal Conclave"), although the formal procedures of the conclave were not developed until after
1241_papal_election
Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (1927–2022)
cardinals for the conclave during the sede vacante and was the principal concelebrant of the Pro eligendo Pontifice mass on the morning the conclave opened. He
Angelo_Sodano
August 1978. The many groups of conclavists all hold the position that a conclave (outside the authority of the Holy See, sometimes consisting entirely of
List of movements that dispute the legitimacy of a reigning monarch
List_of_movements_that_dispute_the_legitimacy_of_a_reigning_monarch
1294), was the last papal election which did not take the form of a papal conclave (in which the electors are locked in seclusion cum clave—Latin for "with
1292–1294_papal_election
v t e Papal elections and conclaves Papal selection before 1059 Conclave (1274–1276, 1294–present) Elections and conclaves Pre-1059 1061 1073 1086 1088
1061_papal_election
1689 CONCLAVE
1689 CONCLAVE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Wetherell.Christopher Wetherill emigrated from England to Burlington, NJ, in 1683.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metronymic from Megg, a reduced form of the personal name Margaret (see Margeson).Vincent Meggs (c.1583–1658) came to Weymouth, MA, from East Devon, England, in or before 1639.
Surname or Lastname
English (Yorkshire)
English (Yorkshire) : variant spelling of Brierley.John Brearly came from Yorkshire, England, to Trenton, NJ, in 1680.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Fenn.Reduced form of Irish McFann.The first recorded bearer of this name in North America is John Fann, who was born in Richmond Co., VA, in 1688.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Essary. Many forms of this name are found in North America, ranging from Esarey to Usrey, and probably Necessary as well. In the U.S. it is predominantly a southern name.John Ussery is recorded in New Kent Co., VA in 1684; he died in 1687. Many bearers are recorded in VA in the early 18th century. In NC several Usserys obtained land grants between 1760 and 1770. William Ussery obtained a land grant in SC in 1772.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Jordan.A Jourdain from the Saintonge region of France is recorded in
Quebec City in 1676. Another, from the Savoie, is documented in 1688
in Lachine, Quebec, with the secondary surname Lafrizade. A third,
from Provence, is documented in Champlain, Quebec, in 1688; and another, also
called Labrosse, in Montreal in 1696. Other secondary surnames include
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the Middle English personal name Boye.Jarvis Boykin was one of the free planters who assented to the ‘Fundamental Agreement’ of the New Haven Colony on June 4, 1639.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Bertram.A Bertrand from La Rochelle, France, is documented in Cap Rouge, Quebec, in 1666; another, from the Saintonge region, is documented in Charlesbourg in 1685. A bearer of the name from Normandy was recorded with the secondary surname Saint Arnaud in Batiscan in 1697. Another is documented from the Poitou region in 1697, and one from Guyenne is recorded in Laprairie, Quebec, in 1699 with the secondary surnames Raymond and Toulouse.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Pennington.Edward Penington, born in 1667 in Amersham, Buckinghamshire1, England, was appointed surveyor-general of the province of PA in 1698 and accompanied William Penn to Philadelphia.
Girl/Female
British, English
This Name was Invented by British Poet Richard Lovelace whose Poem of this Name was Published in 1649; From Luciana
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.Godfrey Dearborn (baptized September 24, 1603 in Willoughby, Lincolnshire, England) came to North America in 1639 and settled in Hampton, NH, where he died on February 4, 1686.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Marshburn.Edward Mashburn came from London to Onslow Co., NC, in 1698.
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire)
English (Lancashire) : unexplained.Nicholas Waln came from the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, to New Castle, DE, in 1682. A Philadelphia, PA, Waln family flourished in the second half of the 18th century.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Jordan.A Jourdain from the Saintonge region of France is recorded in
Quebec City in 1676. Another, from the Savoie, is documented in 1688
in Lachine, Quebec, with the secondary surname Lafrizade. A third,
from Provence, is documented in Champlain, Quebec, in 1688; and another, also
called Labrosse, in Montreal in 1696. Other secondary surnames include
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant spelling of Goddard.A family Godard, also called Lapointe, from Senlis (Oise) was in Beaupré, Quebec, by 1687.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained; possibly a variant of Dollard. The name was in VA by 1698.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Andrews.William Andrus came to Boston in 1635 and moved to New Haven in 1639, where he died in 1676.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : ostensibly a topographic name containing Middle English cott, cote ‘cottage’ (see Coates). In fact, however, it is generally if not always an alteration of Alcock, in part at least for euphemistic reasons.Louisa May Alcott (1832–88), author of Little Women (1869), was the daughter of Amos Bronson Alcott (1799–1888), who had changed the family name from Alcox. The family trace their descent from an Alcocke family who emigrated from England to MA with John Winthrop in 1629.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.Francis Bushnell came to New Haven, CT, in 1639, and was a founder of Guilford, CT.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Terry 1.A Josiah Torrey was in Boston before 1680. John Torrey (1796–1873) was a botanist and teacher born in NY who catalogued many North American plants.
1689 CONCLAVE
1689 CONCLAVE
Biblical
supplying; supplied
Male
Egyptian
, Arkamun.
Male
Russian
(Олег) Russian form of Scandinavian Helge, OLEG means "dedicated to the gods; holy."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Rajashekhar | ராஜஷேகர
Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
Indian
The praised one
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi
God
Boy/Male
Hindu
Heart
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : habitational name, primarily from Risdon in Devon; to a lesser extent possibly from Risden or Riseden, both in Kent.
Biblical
den; making empty; watching
Girl/Female
Tamil
One who lives in heart
1689 CONCLAVE
1689 CONCLAVE
1689 CONCLAVE
1689 CONCLAVE
1689 CONCLAVE
n.
The immovable union of two joints of a crinoidal arm. T () the twentieth letter of the English alphabet, is a nonvocal consonant. With the letter h it forms the digraph th, which has two distinct sounds, as in thin, then. See Guide to Pronunciation, //262-264, and also //153, 156, 169, 172, 176, 178-180.
n.
One of an order of nuns founded by St. Angela Merici, at Brescia, in Italy, about the year 1537, and so called from St. Ursula, under whose protection it was placed. The order was introduced into Canada as early as 1639, and into the United States in 1727. The members are devoted entirely to education.
n.
One of those adherents of James II. who refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary, or to their successors, after the revolution of 1688; a Jacobite.
n.
The principles, tendencies, or action of those, within the Roman Catholic Church in France, who (esp. in 1682) sought to restrict the papal authority in that country and increase the power of the national church.
a.
Applied to books or editions (esp. of the Greek New Testament and the classics) printed and published by the Elzevir family at Amsterdam, Leyden, etc., from about 1592 to 1680; also, applied to a round open type introduced by them.
n.
One who holds the tenets of Arminius, a Dutch divine (b. 1560, d. 1609).
n.
One of a society of violent agitators in France, during the revolution of 1789, who held secret meetings in the Jacobin convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris, and concerted measures to control the proceedings of the National Assembly. Hence: A plotter against an existing government; a turbulent demagogue.
n.
An English gold coin made in 1619, and so called because the king's head on it was crowned with laurel.
n.
Specifically, the form of government established on the death of Charles I., in 1649, which existed under Oliver Cromwell and his son Richard, ending with the abdication of the latter in 1659.
n.
The philosophical system of Thomas Hobbes, an English materialist (1588-1679); esp., his political theory that the most perfect form of civil government is an absolute monarchy with despotic control over everything relating to law, morals, and religion.
n.
One of a number of persons, before the revolution of 1789, chiefly of the higher orders, appointed by the king to constitute a representative body.
n.
In France, before the Revolution of 1789, one of the several principal judicial courts.
a.
Uttered, as an element of speech, without tone, or proper vocal sound; voiceless; unintonated; nonvocal; atonic; whispered; aspirated; sharp; hard, as f, p, s, etc.; -- opposed to sonant. See Guide to Pronunciation, //169, 179, 180.
n.
One of the Asmonean family. The Asmoneans were leaders and rulers of the Jews from 168 to 35 b. c.
n.
A short-lived political club established in 1659 by J.Harrington to inculcate the democratic doctrine of election of the principal officers of the state by ballot, and the annual retirement of a portion of Parliament.
n.
My lord; -- a title in France of a person of high birth or rank; as, Monseigneur the Prince, or Monseigneur the Archibishop. It was given, specifically, to the dauphin, before the Revolution of 1789. (Abbrev. Mgr.)
n.
A partisan or adherent of James the Second, after his abdication, or of his descendants, an opposer of the revolution in 1688 in favor of William and Mary.
n.
A doctor of the Sorbonne, or theological college, in the University of Paris, founded by Robert de Sorbon, a. d. 1252. It was suppressed in the Revolution of 1789.
n. pl.
The name given later times to the Asmonaeans, a family of Jewish patriots, who headed a religious revolt in the reign of Antiochus IV., 168-161 B. C., which led to a period of freedom for Israel.