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Extinct genus of notoungulates
Toxodon (from Ancient Greek τόξον (tóxon), meaning "bow", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth", in reference to the curvature of the teeth) is an extinct
Toxodon
Extinct genus of mammals
Mixotoxodon ("mixture Toxodon") is an extinct genus of notoungulate of the family Toxodontidae inhabiting South America, Central America and parts of
Mixotoxodon
Monotypic genus of extinct mammals from Venezuela
the genus. The name of the genus, Falcontoxodon, refers to its relative, Toxodon, and to the Venezuelan state of Falcón in Northern Venezuela, where the
Falcontoxodon
Extinct family of notoungulate mammals
kilograms (770–880 lb) in Nesodon to 1,000–1,200 kilograms (2,200–2,600 lb) in Toxodon, and had medium to high-crowned dentition, which in derived members of
Toxodontidae
Extinct order of hoofed mammals
mass of approximately 1–2 kilograms (2.2–4.4 lb), while the toxodontid Toxodon is suggested to have had a body mass exceeding 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb)
Notoungulata
Extinct suborder of mammals
dental, auditory and tarsal specializations. The group is named after Toxodon, the first example of the group to be discovered by science. Isotemnidae
Toxodontia
Extinct genus of camel-like ungulate
and the contemporaneous large rhinoceros-like South American ungulate Toxodon, which belongs to another SANU order, Notoungulata, in 2015 reached a similar
Macrauchenia
South American low grasslands
Mylodon, Glossotherium, Lestodon and Catonyx, the rhinoceros like ungulate Toxodon, the camel-like Macrauchenia, the gomphothere (elephant-relative) Notiomastodon
Pampas
1925 silent film by Harry O. Hoyt
their attacker, Challenger spies overhead a Pteranodon eating a young Toxodon which proves that the statements in Maple White's diary are true. Leaving
The_Lost_World_(1925_film)
Extinct genus of mammals
modern black rhinoceros. With regard to its nearest relatives, such as Toxodon, this animal's legs were shorter and thicker, in addition, certain differences
Piauhytherium
English naturalist and biologist (1809–1882)
unknown Scelidotherium and a hippopotamus-sized rodent-like skull named Toxodon resembling a giant capybara. The armour fragments were actually from Glyptodon
Charles_Darwin
Extinct genus of saber-toothed cat
Region, the main prey of S. populator consisted of rhinoceros-like ungulate Toxodon platensis, the large armadillo relatives Pachyarmatherium, Holmesina, species
Smilodon
Extinct genus of mammal
weighing around 1,000 kg (2,200 lb), though it was smaller than the later Toxodon. The most conspicuous element of the genus is the bony knob which sits
Trigodon
Hippos owned by Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar
could be a form of Pleistocene rewilding project, replacing species like Toxodon that became extinct in prehistoric times, but Pleistocene rewilding itself
Hippopotamuses_in_Colombia
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Micrauchenia
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Coniopternium
Extinction of large animals at the end of the last Ice Age
(Some authors regard this taxon as synonym of Trigodonops) Mixotoxodon Toxodon Trigodonops Primates Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) Atelidae Protopithecus
Late_Pleistocene_extinctions
Genus of South American hoofed mammals (fossil)
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Carodnia
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Propachyrucos
Extinct genus of brontothere
but close relatives have a rather stout build similar to Teleoceras and Toxodon. It has been hypothesized the related genus Sphenocoelus was ancestral
Gnathotitan
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Notohippus toxodontoides Toxodontidae Adinotherium ovinum Nesodon imbricatus Toxodon platensis Posnanskytherium desaquaderoi "Isotemnidae" Paranotohippids "Isotemnidae"
Moqueguahippus
Attributes of living species that arose due to coevolution with other now-extinct species
the Neotropical realm Eremotherium restoration Cuvieronius restoration Toxodon restoration Restoration of Glyptotherium, a glyptodont All ecoregions within
Evolutionary_anachronism
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Trachytherus
Extinct genus of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Homalodotherium
Extinct genus of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Hemihegetotherium
Period of geologic time (1.95–0.4 Ma) during the Early and Middle Pleistocene
Lestodon, Macraucheniopsis, Megatherium, Notiomastodon, Panochthus and Toxodon. Additionally, many xenarthrans (Eutatus pascuali, Panochthus intermedius
Ensenadan
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Proectocion
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Brachytherium
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Guilielmofloweria
Extinct genus of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Nonotherium
Geologic formation in Bolivia
large herbivorous mammals have been discovered, including toxodonts like Toxodon platensis, glyptodonts, ground sloths, and litopterns such as Macrauchenia
Tolomosa_Formation
Extinct genus of birds
cingulatans Pampatherium and Glyptodon, large toxodontid notoungulates Toxodon and Trigonodops, large litoptern Xenorhinotherium, equids Equus neogeus
Eschatornis
Extinct genus of mammal
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Shecenia
1912 novel by Arthur Conan Doyle
described as like large armadillos, but without using a scientific name. Toxodon – described as a "giant ten-foot guinea pig, with projecting chisel teeth
The_Lost_World_(Doyle_novel)
Extinct genus of mammals
the taxa from this era, with mammal genera like Glyptodon, Doedicurus, Toxodon, and others reaching their peak sizes. N. pseudornatus is found in more
Neosclerocalyptus
in Uruguay. Based on this material, in 1837 Richard Owen described the Toxodon platensis; as a matter of fact, the great English palaeontologist identified
Paleontology_in_Uruguay
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Johnbell
Extinct genus of notoungulates
the family Toxodontidae, which included the well-known Pleistocene genus Toxodon. Like almost all toxodontids, Nesodon was endemic to South America. In
Nesodon
Extinct genus of ground sloths
the BIR were widespread and diverse, including the cow-like toxodontids Toxodon platensis and Piauhytherium, the macraucheniid litoptern Xenorhinotherium
Valgipes
Extinct genus of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Othnielmarshia
Extinct species of ungulate
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Amilnedwardsia
around 3 m (9.8 ft). The largest notoungulate known of complete remains is Toxodon. It was about 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) in body length, and about 1.5 m (4 ft
Largest_prehistoric_animals
Notohippidae Genus Rhynchippus Family Toxodontidae Genus Adinotherium Genus Toxodon Genus Trigodon Genus Mixotoxodon Genus Nesodon Family Homalodotheriidae
List_of_prehistoric_mammals
Geologic formation in Uruguay
Neolicaphrium Neuryurus Panochthus tuberculatus Protocyon troglodites Smilodon Toxodon List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Uruguay Sopas Formation at
Sopas_Formation
Extinct genus of brontothere
has been compared to the rhinoceratoid Teleoceras and the notoungulate Toxodon, with the short limb proportions of all 3 species being similar to those
Aktautitan
Extinct genus of mammals
Trigodon, with an enlarged rostral part and broad incisors, similar to Toxodon, and a strong protuberance on its forehead. It is different from most toxodonts
Paratrigodon
Extinct genus of carnivores
which may have included Notiomastodon platensis, Megatherium americanum, Toxodon platensis, Hippidion principale, and Equus neogeus. In contrast to its
Protocyon
Zoo in Brookfield, Illinois, United States
Procoptodon, Short-faced bear, Smilodon, Teratornis, Thylacine, Thylacoleo, Toxodon, Wonambi, Woolly mammoth, and Woolly rhinoceros. Glow Wild! (2026): Various
Brookfield_Zoo_Chicago
Order of hoofed mammals
the Meridiungulata (specifically Macrauchenia from the Litopterna and Toxodon from the Notoungulata). Both kinship groups, the odd-toed ungulates and
Perissodactyla
Genus of extinct ground sloth
Panochthus, the large camel-like ungulate Macrauchenia and rhinoceros-like Toxodon, the gomphothere (elephant-relative) Notiomastodon, the equines Hippidion
Megatherium
Extinct clade of mammals
Meridiungulata Temporal range: Paleocene–Holocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Toxodon, a notoungulate Theosodon, a litoptern Scientific classification Kingdom:
South American native ungulates
South_American_native_ungulates
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Maizotemnus
Extinct order of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Astrapotheria
Extinct genus of mammals
trochlear medial crest at its lower end, in the area of the knee joint, as in Toxodon. This type of structure may have served these toxodontids to maintain static
Hoffstetterius
Extinct order of hoofed mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Litopterna
member of the extinct Notoungulata, and the superorder Meridiungulata, was Toxodon. It was about 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) in body length, with an estimated weight
List_of_largest_mammals
Topics referred to by the same term
Tarentola Thecacera darwini, a sea slug species in the genus Thecacera Toxodon darwini, an extinct mammal species of the late Pliocene and Pleistocene
T._darwini
Fernández-Jalvo et al. (2026) identify tooth marks of Smilodon on bones of Toxodon, Notiomastodon, Doedicurus, Glossotherium and Lestodon from the Pleistocene
2026_in_paleomammalogy
Genus of large, heavily armored mammals
including the unusual litopterns Macrauchenia and Neolicaphrium, notoungulate Toxodon, massive proboscidean Notiomastodon, and the equids Equus neogeus and Hippidion
Glyptodon
History of the evolutionary theory
which Owen named Toxodon. Darwin wrote to his sister Caroline that "[the fossils] are turning out great treasures" and of the Toxodon, "There is another
Inception_of_Darwin's_theory
Geologic formation in Uruguay
tuberculatus Smilodon fatalis Smilodon populator Notiomastodon platensis Toxodon List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Uruguay Ubilla, M.; Martínez
Dolores_Formation,_Uruguay
2006 British TV series or programme
On his first trip to 1 million years ago, Nigel encounters a herd of Toxodon and a pride of Smilodon, and manages to bring back a Phorusrhacos. On his
Prehistoric_Park
Extinct genus of ground sloths
the BIR were widespread and diverse, including the cow-like toxodontids Toxodon platensis and Piauhytherium, the macraucheniid litoptern Xenorhinotherium
Catonyx
Type of projectile point used in South America during the Late Pleistocene
glyptodont Glyptodon, the equine Equus neogeus, the rhinoceros-like ungulate Toxodon, the camel-like ungulate Macrauchenia, and the extinct llama Hemiauchenia
Fishtail_projectile_point
Extinct genus of mammals
body mass, looked like a smaller version of its rhinoceros-like relative Toxodon. Its front legs were somewhat longer than those of its relatives, making
Adinotherium
Extinct genus of mammals
genus name, Charruatoxodon, is composed from the suffix -toxodon, referring to its relative Toxodon, and the prefix Charrua-, referring to the Charrúa natives
Charruatoxodon
Scientific survey mission, carrying Charles Darwin (1831–1836)
Wilhelm Lund in the same year. The huge skull from near Mercedes was named Toxodon by Owen, and he showed that the "enormous gnawing tooth" from the cliffs
Second_voyage_of_HMS_Beagle
1999 video game
between a rhinoceros and hippopotamus (perhaps it is a horned relative of Toxodon); the giraffe-like web-footed giraffe (perhaps a camelid) navigates the
Amerzone
Extinct family of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Interatheriidae
Paleozoographic event resulting from the formation of the Isthmus of Panama
the vagaries of body mass estimation). Interestingly, the late survivor Toxodon had one of the highest EQ values (0.88) among native Neotropic ungulates
Great_American_Interchange
Extinct genus of gomphothere elephantimorph native to South America
were widespread and diverse, including the rhinoceros-like toxodontids Toxodon platensis and Piauhytherium, the macraucheniid litoptern Xenorhinotherium
Notiomastodon
Extinct order of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Pyrotheria
Extinct genus of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Xotodon
2010 studio album by Manorexia
Length 1. "Armadillo Stance" 5:01 2. "Canaries in the Mineshaft" 4:20 3. "Toxodon Mourning" 7:45 4. "Zithromax Jitters" 5:19 5. "Chloe Don't Know I'm Alive"
The_Mesopelagic_Waters
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Pachyrukhos
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Diadiaphorus
Extinct genus of notoungulates
of the notoungulates, which included the well known Pleistocene genus Toxodon, as well as a number of Miocene and Pliocene forms. The genus Proadinotherium
Proadinotherium
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Paranauchenia
Scientific name Range Comments Pictures Toxodon platensis South America One tooth found at Abismo Ponta da Flecha, Brazil was dated to 4650-1450 BCE when
List of South American species extinct in the Holocene
List_of_South_American_species_extinct_in_the_Holocene
Extinct genus of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Astrapotherium
Geologic formation in Brazil
Plesiotoxodon P. amazonensis A toxodont Purperia P. cribatidens A Leontiniid Toxodon T. sp A toxodont Trigodon T. sp A large horned toxodont. Trigodonops T
Solimões_Formation
Extinct genus of xenarthran mammals
BIR were widespread and diverse, including the rhino-like toxodontids Toxodon platensis and Piauhytherium, the macraucheniid litoptern Xenorhinotherium
Glyptotherium
Extinct family of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Adianthidae
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Anisolophus
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Requisia
Dating by measuring unpaired electrons
Souza Carvalho, Ismar de; Baffa, Oswaldo (December 2021). "ESR dating of Toxodon teeth from Baixa Grande, Bahia, Brazil". Journal of South American Earth
Electron spin resonance dating
Electron_spin_resonance_dating
Northern Maghreb Possibly habitat fragmentation. 4650–1450 BC Toxodont Toxodon platensis South America Undetermined. 4570 BC – 130 CE Jamaican caracara
Timeline of extinctions in the Holocene
Timeline_of_extinctions_in_the_Holocene
Extinct genus of ungulate from South America
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Protheosodon
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Archaeopithecus
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Pericotoxodon
Extinct genus of notoungulates
similar to those of horses or rhinos, Rhynchippus was actually a relative of Toxodon, having developed teeth suitable for grazing through convergent evolution
Rhynchippus
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Macraucheniopsis
Extinct genus of notoungulates
(continuously growing), like in rodents. In many ways they resemble those of Toxodon, though comparisons have been drawn to marsupials like wombats. Like all
Mesotherium
Arctotherium bonariense EX Caribbean monk seal, Monachus tropicalis EX Toxodon platensis EX Xenorhinotherium bahiense EX Equus neogeus EX Palaeolama major
List of mammals of South America
List_of_mammals_of_South_America
Extinct subfamily of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Cramaucheniinae
Extinct genus of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Umayodus
Extinct genus of giant ground sloth
and juvenile (right) in a Pleistocene Brazilian landscape, also including the large ungulate Toxodon, and the glyptodonts Panochthus and Glyptotherium
Eremotherium
Extinct order of mammals
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Xenungulata
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Prohegetotherium
Extinct genus of litopterns
Plesiotoxodon Posnanskytherium Prototrigodon Stenotephanos Stereotoxodon Toxodon Toxodontherium Trigodon Trigodonops Xotodon †Typotheria Campanorco Griphotherion
Adiantoides
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