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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transforming growth factor beta 1 or TGF-β1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. It is a secreted
TGF_beta_1
Cytokine
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor superfamily that includes three different
Transforming growth factor beta
Transforming_growth_factor_beta
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
growth factor beta receptor I (activin A receptor type II-like kinase, 53kDa) is a membrane-bound TGF beta receptor protein of the TGF-beta receptor family
TGF_beta_receptor_1
Protein family
factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily is a large group of structurally related cell regulatory proteins that was named after its first member, TGF-β1, originally
Transforming growth factor beta superfamily
Transforming_growth_factor_beta_superfamily
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) is a secreted protein known as a cytokine that performs many cellular functions and has a vital role during
TGF_beta_2
Protein family
263 (32): 16984–91. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)37487-8. PMID 2903157. TGF-beta+Receptors at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings
TGF_beta_receptor
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa) is a TGF beta receptor. TGFBR2 is its human gene. It is a tumor suppressor gene. This gene encodes
TGF_beta_receptor_2
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a potent cell regulatory polypeptide homodimer of 25kD. It is a multifunctional signaling molecule with more
TGF_beta_Activation
Family of proteins involved in a TGF signaling pathway
The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) receptors are a family of serine/threonine kinase receptors involved in TGF beta signaling pathway. These receptors
TGF-beta_receptor_family
Signaling pathway involving transforming growth factor beta proteins
Nodal and TGFβs. Signaling begins with the binding of a TGF beta superfamily ligand to a TGF beta type II receptor. The type II receptor is a serine/threonine
TGF_beta_signaling_pathway
Pharmaceutical compound
The increase in TGF-beta 1 expression in a pressure-overloaded heart correlates with the degree of fibrosis, suggesting TGF-beta 1 involvement in the
Cenderitide
Chemical compound
Metelimumab (CAT-192) is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that neutralizes TGF beta 1 which had been chosen for further development for the treatment of diffuse
Metelimumab
Process of the restoration of health
wound healing. It is dormant in most mammals. Also, the proteins MG53 and TGF beta 1 play important roles in wound healing. In response to an incision or wound
Healing
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Integrin alphaVbeta6-mediated activation of latent TGF-beta requires the latent TGF-beta binding protein-1". The Journal of Cell Biology. 165 (5): 723–34
Integrin_beta_6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
beta-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTBP1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of latent TGF-beta
LTBP1
Chronic disease of the liver, characterized by fibrosis
addition, stellate cells secrete TGF beta 1, which leads to a fibrotic response and proliferation of connective tissue. TGF-β1 has been implicated in the
Cirrhosis
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
TGF-beta superfamily of ligands via its core protein, and bFGF via its heparan sulfate chains. TGFBR3 is the most widely expressed type of TGF-beta receptor
TGFBR3
American pharmaceutical company
Forbius and its TGF-beta 1 & TGF-beta 3 inhibitors. In October, BMS announced it would acquire cardiology company MyoKardia for $13.1 billion ($225 per
Bristol_Myers_Squibb
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
growth factor, beta 3 has been shown to interact with TGF beta receptor 2. After successful phase I/II trials, human recombinant TGF-β3 (avotermin, planned
Transforming growth factor, beta 3
Transforming_growth_factor,_beta_3
Family of carrier proteins
The latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBP) are a family of carrier proteins. LTBP is a family of secreted multidomain proteins that were originally identified
Latent TGF-beta binding protein
Latent_TGF-beta_binding_protein
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. Lucchini M, Romeas A, Couble ML, et al. (2003). "TGF beta 1 signaling and stimulation of osteoadherin in human odontoblasts in vitro"
Osteomodulin
Macrophage found in the lungs
DB, Sheppard D (February 1999). "The integrin alpha v beta 6 binds and activates latent TGF beta 1: a mechanism for regulating pulmonary inflammation and
Alveolar_macrophage
Protein-coding gene in humans
factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily of cytokines, which regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and death. Based on its essential role in TGF beta signaling
SMAD3
Form of localized cell signaling
fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates
Paracrine_signaling
Mammalian protein found in humans
[citation needed] Other inflammatory mediators that can increase CRP are TGF beta 1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. In acute inflammation, CRP can increase
C-reactive_protein
Protein-coding gene in the species Caenorhabditis elegans
The DAF-1 gene encodes for a cell surface Enzyme-linked receptor of TGF-beta signaling pathway in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans. DAF-1 is one of the
Daf-1
Protein-coding gene in humans
transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Decorin has been shown to either enhance or inhibit the activity of TGF-beta 1. The primary function of decorin
Decorin
Monoclonal antibody
to and inhibits all isoforms of the protein transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Fresolimumab was discovered by Cambridge Antibody Technology (CAT)
Fresolimumab
Pharmaceutical compound
TGF-8027, or TGF-8-027, also known as N-[1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,5-dimethoxy-4-cyanophenethylamine, is a highly selective serotonin 5-HT2A receptor
TGF-8027
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Identification of a cellular protein that binds to Tat-responsive element of TGF beta-1 promoter in glial cells". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. 67 (4): 466–477
PURA
Polish-American dermatologist
Hunzelmann N, Nischt R, Eckes B, Rudnicka L, Orth G, Krieg T, Jablonska S.:TGF beta-1 and TNF alpha expression in the epidermis of patients with epidermodysplasia
Lidia_Rudnicka
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
TGF beta-inducible nuclear protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NSA2 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164346 – Ensembl, May
TINP1
Family of proteins
main signal transducers for receptors of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B) superfamily, which are critically important for regulating cell development
SMAD_(protein)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
C-Raf, CDC25B, HDAC4, kCNH2, IRS1 and IGF1R, MAP3K3, NDEL1, NGFRAP1, and TGF beta 1. 14-3-3 protein ENSG00000108953 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000274474
YWHAE
Protein found in humans
eight-cysteine domains homologous with latent TGF-beta binding protein, and a proline-rich region. The FBN-1 gene is involved in a variety of embryonic developmental
Fibrillin-1
Type of immune cell involved in germinal center formation and maintenance
PMID 19303387. Seo; Youn, J; Kim, PH; et al. (May 2009). "IL-21 ensures TGF-beta 1-induced IgA isotype expression in mouse Peyer's patches". J Leukoc Biol
Follicular_B_helper_T_cells
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
1994). "Immediate early up-regulation of bax expression by p53 but not TGF beta 1: a paradigm for distinct apoptotic pathways". Oncogene. 9 (6): 1791–1798
Apoptosis_regulator_BAX
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
transcription factor have been reported to induce NEDD9 transcription. TGF-beta induces NEDD9 transcription. Based on inspection of sequence, the NEDD9
NEDD9
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Tsao SW, Wong YC (April 2002). "Down-regulation of Id-1 expression is associated with TGF beta 1-induced growth arrest in prostate epithelial cells". Biochimica
ID1
is a nematode Caenorhabditis elegans gene encoding a Co-SMAD protein of TGF-beta signaling pathway. Without daf-7 signal, DAF-3 combined with transcription
Daf-3
Genetic disorder involving connective tissue
normal fibrillin 1 causes a Marfan-related disease in mice. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plays an important role in MFS. Fibrillin-1 directly binds
Marfan_syndrome
COX-2 when stimulated with TGF beta 1 (TGF-β1) and other cytokines. pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 and inhibition of TGF-β1 signalling pathway decreases
Pancreatic_stellate_cell
R-SMAD protein of TGF-beta signaling pathway, which will be phosphorylated and forms a heterodimer with phosphorylated daf-8 when the TGF-β ligand daf-7
Daf-14
Protein-coding gene in humans
effects on osteoblasts. There is also evidence that biglycan binds to TGF-beta 1. Biglycan interacts with collagen, both via the core protein and GAG chains
Biglycan
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
be induced by a number of genes including Snail, Twist, Goosecoid, and TGF-beta 1. Overexpression of FOXC2 has been noted in subtypes of breast cancer which
FOXC2
Sewage Treatment Plant
"Regulation of immune responses by TGF-beta". Annual Review of Immunology. 16 (1): 137–61. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.16.1.137. PMID 9597127. Vilar JM, Jansen
Upstream and downstream (transduction)
Upstream_and_downstream_(transduction)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Mashimo J, Kuroki T, Nose K (October 1994). "Characterization of the TGF beta 1-inducible hic-5 gene that encodes a putative novel zinc finger protein
TGFB1I1
Contrast agent for cancer imaging
transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Binding of αvβ6-integrin to LAP releases and thus, activates TGF-β1. In early-stage cancer, TGF-β1 acts as a tumor
Ga-68-Trivehexin
Medical condition
the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan, which appears to block TGF-beta activity, can slow or halt the formation of aortic aneurysms in Marfan
Loeys–Dietz_syndrome
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
type I membrane glycoprotein located on cell surfaces and is part of the TGF beta receptor complex. It is also commonly referred to as CD105, END, FLJ41744
Endoglin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Inhibin beta C chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the INHBC gene. This gene encodes the beta C chain of inhibin, a member of the TGF-beta superfamily
INHBC
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
and MST1 to suppress insulin expression. Transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF beta 1) is encoded by the TFGB1 gene, which contains an E-box within the promoter
USF1
Protein-coding gene in humans
TGF beta signaling pathway. It is also known as activin receptor-like kinase 1, or ALK1. This gene encodes a type I cell-surface receptor for the TGF-beta
ACVRL1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
R, Reddi AH, Amédée J (December 1997). "Opposing actions of BMP3 and TGF beta 1 in human bone marrow stromal cell growth and differentiation". Biochemical
Bone_morphogenetic_protein_3
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Left-right determination factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LEFTY1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the TGF-beta family of proteins. A similar
Left-right determination factor 1
Left-right_determination_factor_1
Abnormal growth of scar tissue within the penis
molecular pathways—most notably overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)—that end in fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation
Peyronie's_disease
British venture capitalist
his Protective Cytokine Hypothesis explaining the role of the cytokine TGF-beta 1 in the cardiovascular system, Grainger was appointed principal investigator
David_Grainger
Investigational drug
L.U. for the treatment of fibrostenotic Crohn's Disease. It is a TGF beta receptor 1 (ALK5) antagonist. "Ontunisertib - AgomAb Therapeutics". AdisInsight
Ontunisertib
Regulators of feedback on FSH-production
Endocrine-Related Cancer. 11 (1): 35–49. doi:10.1677/erc.0.0110035. PMID 15027884. S2CID 12202820. Kingsley DM (January 1994). "The TGF-beta superfamily: new members
Activin_and_inhibin
Protein that binds to a cytokine
G protein coupled receptors. TGF-beta receptor family, which are Serine/threonine kinase receptors. Includes the TGF beta receptors Cytokine receptors
Cytokine_receptor
Biomarker indicative of breast cancer patients' prognosis
factor-beta (TGF-β1) are also thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. They belong to the transforming growth factor beta family.
Transforming_growth_factor
Mammalian protein found in humans
immature dendritic cells generated from monocytes in the presence of TGF-beta 1 express functional C-C chemokine receptor 6". J. Immunol. 163 (4): 1737–41
CCL20
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
SMAD2 to TGF-beta receptors through its association with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. Upon stimulation by TGF-beta, SMAD2 undergoes
STRAP
Protein found in humans
H-Ras, cholesterol, TGF beta receptor 1, endothelial NOS, androgen receptor, amyloid precursor protein, gap junction protein, alpha 1, nitric oxide synthase
Caveolin_1
Synthetic compound
synthetic compound which acts as a potent and selective inhibitor for TGF beta receptor 1. It has applications in research into various disorders such as liver
GW-788,388
Mammalian protein found in humans
Catenin beta-1, also known as β-catenin (beta-catenin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNB1 gene. β-Catenin is a dual function protein
Catenin_beta-1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
factor-beta1 (TGF-beta)-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells involves Smad7-dependent activation of p38 by TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and mitogen-activated
SMAD7
Protein-coding gene in humans
He XY, et al. (October 1997). "MIC-1, a novel macrophage inhibitory cytokine, is a divergent member of the TGF-beta superfamily". Proceedings of the National
GDF15
Inhibitor protein in the TGF beta signaling pathway
Gremlin is an inhibitor in the TGF beta signaling pathway. It primarily inhibits bone morphogenesis and is implicated in disorders of increased bone formation
Gremlin_(protein)
Disease that causes scarring of the lungs
fibrosis. Common genes implicated in fibrosis are Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β), Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
Pulmonary_fibrosis
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
this gene belongs to the family of latent transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta binding proteins (LTBP), which are extracellular matrix proteins with
LTBP2
Protein found in humans
recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this
SMAD2
Cell type with functions of both muscular and fibrous connective tissue
myofibroblast formation is TGF-beta1 dependent differentiation from fibroblast cells. Activation of the TGF-beta receptor 1 and TGF-beta receptor 2 leads to
Myofibroblast
Family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans
is thought to be active in mammalian ovaries, and possibly responds to TGF beta 1. A target of miR-224 has been predicted to be SMAD4. Experimental evidence
MiR-224
of TGF-beta signaling pathway, in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans. When binds to the complex of type II receptor Daf-4 and type I receptor Daf-1, this
Daf-7
Mammalian and avian protein
Myostatin is a secreted growth differentiation factor that is a member of the TGF beta protein family. Myostatin is assembled and produced in skeletal muscle
Myostatin
Members of the TGF-beta superfamily of growth factors
factors) are a class of proteins that are closely related members of the TGF-beta superfamily of growth factors. These proteins are secreted and play a role
Lefty_(protein)
the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Th3 have been described both in mice and
T_helper_3_cell
PMID 16801541. Levine A, Brivanlou A (2006). "GDF3 at the crossroads of TGF-beta signaling". Cell Cycle. 5 (10): 1069–73. doi:10.4161/cc.5.10.2771. PMID 16721050
Growth_differentiation_factor
Chemical compound
5-naphthyridine derivatives as a novel series of potent and selective TGF-beta type I receptor inhibitors". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 47 (18): 4494–4506
RepSox
Protein-coding gene in Homo sapiens
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, (GSK-3 beta), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSK3B gene. In mice, the enzyme is encoded by the Gsk3b gene
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta
Glycogen_synthase_kinase-3_beta
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Nishida E, Matsumoto K (1996). "TAB1: an activator of the TAK1 MAPKKK in TGF-beta signal transduction". Science. 272 (5265): 1179–82. Bibcode:1996Sci...272
MAP3K7IP2
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
pathway or the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway since the sequence starts with the recognition of TGF-β by cells. In humans, the SMAD4 gene
SMAD4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress and transforming growth factor beta 1 may inhibit cellular proliferation by modulating the expression of this
LCMT2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Berge-Lefranc JL, Berta P (Jul 1996). "Cloning of the human homologue of the TGF beta-stimulated clone 22 gene". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 222 (3): 821–6.
TSC22D1
Excess connective tissue in healing
(May 2004). "TGF-beta signaling and the fibrotic response". FASEB Journal. 18 (7): 816–827. Bibcode:2004FASEJ..18..816L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.314.4027. doi:10
Fibrosis
Protein-coding gene in humans
differentiation factors which belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily of structurally related signaling proteins. Activins signal
ACVR2B
American professor and scientist
using biochemical and cell-based analyses. She also studied the protein TGF beta 1, a transforming growth factor, which was understood to suppress the development
Beverly_M._Emerson
Type of proteins
alpha (Gα), beta (Gβ) and gamma (Gγ) subunits. In addition, the beta and gamma subunits can form a stable dimeric complex referred to as the beta-gamma complex
G_protein
Contact-based cell-cell signalling
involved in cell-to-cell communication include: Notch-Delta, FGF, Wnt, EGF, TGF-beta, Hedgehog, Hippo, Jun kinase, Nf-kB, and retinoic acid receptor. Of all
Juxtacrine_signalling
Protein found in humans
PMID 11003656. Perlman R, Schiemann WP, Brooks MW, Lodish HF, Weinberg RA (2001). "TGF-beta-induced apoptosis is mediated by the adapter protein Daxx that facilitates
Death-associated_protein_6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Mapping of human and murine genes for latent TGF-beta binding protein-2 (LTBP2)" (PDF). Mamm Genome. 6 (1): 42–5. doi:10.1007/BF00350892. hdl:2027.42/47013
LTBP3
Chemical compound
increase in the expression of NCAM1, TGF-β2, Skp1, neurotrophin 3, and artemin factors by 1.4-fold, 1.4-fold, 1.5-fold, 1.8-fold, and 3.2-fold respectively
9-Methyl-β-carboline
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
encodes a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and the TGF-beta superfamily. This group of proteins is characterized by a polybasic proteolytic
Ceramide_synthase_1
American healthcare company
on developing medicines that regulate the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily of proteins, which play fundamental roles in the growth
Acceleron_Pharma
White blood cells of the immune system
study. Research has found that the cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is essential for Treg cells to differentiate from naïve CD4+ cells
Regulatory_T_cell
Class of enzymes
including MAPK signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, TGF beta signaling pathway, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and chronic myeloid
Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase
Receptor_protein_serine/threonine_kinase
Medical condition featuring permanent bending of fingers
and myofibroblasts in response to signaling molecules including IL-1 beta, TGF-beta, EGF, and CTGF, leading to inappropriately increased formation of fibrous
Dupuytren's_contracture
Group of type I transmembrane proteins
a class of receptor serine/threonine kinases that bind members of the TGF beta superfamily of ligands—the bone morphogenetic proteins. The three types
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type 1
Bone_morphogenetic_protein_receptor,_type_1
Monoclonal antibody
is a human monoclonal antibody and an immunosuppressive drug targeting TGF beta 2. It was being developed to reduce scarring after glaucoma drainage surgery
Lerdelimumab
TGF BETA-1
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TGF BETA-1
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TGF BETA-1
TGF BETA-1
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TGF BETA-1