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State of matter
In condensed matter physics, a supersolid is a spatially ordered (i.e. solid) material with superfluid properties. In the case of helium-4, it has been
Supersolid
Forms which matter can take
Bang. A supersolid is a spatially ordered material (that is, a solid or crystal) with superfluid properties. Similar to a superfluid, a supersolid is able
State_of_matter
South Korean physicist (born 1971)
Moses H. W. Chan, he saw the first phenomena which were interpreted as supersolid behavior. In 2008, Kim was awarded the Lee Osheroff Richardson North American
Eunseong_Kim
vortices. Supersolid: similar to a superfluid, a supersolid can move without friction but retains a rigid shape. Superglass: amorphous supersolid. Ferromagnetism:
List_of_states_of_matter
State of matter at low temperatures
experiment, that the supersolid fraction could be made to range from 20% to completely non-existent. This suggested that the supersolid nature of helium-4
Superfluid_helium-4
Fluid which flows without losing kinetic energy
dynamics Macroscopic quantum phenomena Quantum hydrodynamics Slow light Supersolid Two-fluid model "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996 – Advanced Information"
Superfluidity
Something that has mass and volume
well as more exotic states of matter (such as plasmas, superfluids, supersolids, Bose–Einstein condensates, ...). A fluid may be a liquid, gas or plasma
Matter
Hypothetical solid form of light
Journal in March 2025 that they have found a way to make light act like a "supersolid". Solid light appears in several video game franchises, including Halo
Solid_light
State of matter
interactions, the emergence of roton excitations, quantum droplets and supersolids. Unsolved problem in physics How do we rigorously prove the existence
Bose–Einstein_condensate
Collective excitation in superfluid helium-4 (a quasiparticle)
support state of supersolid properties". Henkel, N.; Nath, R.; Pohl, T. (11 May 2010). "Three-Dimensional Roton Excitations and Supersolid Formation in Rydberg-Excited
Roton
Chemical element with atomic number 66 (Dy)
dysprosium has been used to create a two-dimensional supersolid in a laboratory environment. Supersolids are expected to exhibit unusual properties, including
Dysprosium
Russian-American physicist
Victorovich Prokof'ev is a Russian-American physicist known for his works on supersolidity and strongly correlated systems and pioneering numerical approaches
Nikolay_Prokof'ev
Theoretical condensed matter physicist
chiefly the superfluid properties of small clusters, as well as of the supersolid phase of matter. He was awarded the status of Fellow of the American Physical
Massimo_Boninsegni
Weak, attractive magnetism possessed by most elements and some compounds
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Paramagnetism
Chinese-American physicist
2004. Chan is known for the experimental discovery of evidence for a new supersolid quantum state of matter, predicted theoretically in 1969 by Alexander
Moses_H._W._Chan
American physicist
S2CID 119193326. "Study Casts New Light on 'Supersolid' Effects in Helium-4 | the Kavli Foundation". "Supersolid helium unlikely". "First images of heavy
Alexander_V._Balatsky
Italian experimental physicist
2021, she created supersolid states along two dimensions. In 2024 her team reported the observation of quantum vortices in the supersolid phase Her was awarded
Francesca_Ferlaino
Branch of physics
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Condensed_matter_physics
State of matter with properties of both conventional liquids and crystals
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Liquid_crystal
Magnetic property of ordinary materials
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Diamagnetism
Regular pattern of magnetic moment ordering
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Antiferromagnetism
Liquid state of the element helium
hydrogen Liquid air Superfluidity Superfluid helium-3 Superfluid helium-4 Supersolid 2008 Large Hadron Collider liquid helium leak "The Observed Properties
Liquid_helium
Isotope of helium
78v4306B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.78.224306. S2CID 3222218. "Press release: Supersolid or superglass? Cornell researchers study a strange state of matter in
Helium-4
Mixture of an insoluble substance microscopically dispersed throughout another substance
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Colloid
Mechanism by which materials form into and are attracted to magnets
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Ferromagnetism
State of matter
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Solid
Matter apparently intermediate between solids and liquids
jam Feces Plasticity (physics) Viscosity Premelting Non-Newtonian fluid Supersolid "2 – Semi-Solids – Visual Encyclopedia of Chemical Engineering Equipment"
Quasi-solid
Physical process of transition between basic states of matter
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Phase_transition
Phase of hydrogen
which could be metastably stabilized down to low temperature and enter a supersolid state. In 1968, Neil Ashcroft suggested that metallic hydrogen might be
Metallic_hydrogen
Russian-American physicist
systems. Boris Svistunov is recognised for his works on superfluidity, supersolidity, superfluid turbulence, strongly correlated systems and pioneering numerical
Boris_Svistunov
Superconductivity effect
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Superdiamagnetism
Natural phenomenon that hot water freezes faster than cold
Jiange, Qing; Sun, Chang Q. (2014). "Hydrogen-bond memory and water-skin supersolidity resolving the Mpemba paradox". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics.
Mpemba_effect
Subdiscipline of condensed matter physics
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Mesoscopic_physics
Concept in non-equilibrium physics
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Keldysh_formalism
Disordered magnetic state
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Spin_glass
Dutch physicist
skyrmion lattices in the quantum Hall effect and collective modes in supersolid 4He. Below the results obtained from the study of degenerate Fermi gases
Hendricus_Stoof
State of matter
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Fermionic_condensate
South Korean public research university
Eunseong Kim, physicist; discovered new evidence for the existence of a supersolid Jin-woo Kim, identified the cause behind senile retinal degeneration disease
KAIST
German physicist
phase transition arising from the competition between the two, and a supersolid phase breaking a continuous translational symmetry, together with its
Tilman_Esslinger
Geometric figure which has infinite surface area but finite volume
Mark. "A Paradoxical Paint Pail". Love, William P. (January 1989). "Supersolids: Solids Having Finite Volume and Infinite Surfaces". The Mathematics
Gabriel's_horn
Number of available physical states per energy unit
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Density_of_states
Ordered chemical structure with no repeating pattern
Henkel, N.; Cinti, F.; Jain, P.; Pupillo, G.; Pohl, T. (Jun 26, 2012). "Supersolid Vortex Crystals in Rydberg-Dressed Bose-Einstein Condensates". Physical
Quasicrystal
Subfield of condensed matter physics
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Soft_matter
Theoretical model in physics
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Fermi_liquid_theory
Electromagnetic waves that travel along an interface
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Surface_plasmon_polariton
Form of magnetism
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Superparamagnetism
Quasiparticle which is a bound state of an electron and an electron hole
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Exciton
Broken symmetry phase favoring onset of superconducting or superfluid order
groups from ETH Zurich and from MIT reported on the first creation of a supersolid with ultracold quantum gases. The MIT group exposed a Bose-Einstein condensate
Superstripes
Theoretical model describing interacting fermions in a one-dimensional conductor
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Luttinger_liquid
Quasiparticle of charge oscillations in condensed matter
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Plasmon
Type of order at absolute zero
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Topological_order
Soviet physicist (1917–1982)
Lifshitz–Kosevich formula Lifshitz transition Self-averaging Spectral shift function Supersolid Two temperature model Awards Lenin Prize Simon Memorial Prize (1961) Scientific
Ilya_Lifshitz
Polynomial function of degree 4
Descartes, René (1954) [1637], "Book III: On the construction of solid and supersolid problems", The Geometry of Rene Descartes with a facsimile of the first
Quartic_function
Coherent delocalized electron oscillations
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Surface_plasmon
Electrical insulators that are conventionally expected to be conductors
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Mott_insulator
Structure that repeats in time; a novel type or phase of non-equilibrium matter
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Time_crystal
Sudden increase in magnetization
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Metamagnetism
Appendix on analytic geometry by Descartes
tangents to several curves. The third book, On the Construction of Solid and Supersolid Problems, is more properly algebraic than geometric and concerns the nature
La_Géométrie
Quasiparticle form phonon and photon coupling
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Phonon_polariton
Research center at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Bose-Einstein condensates. In 2017, an RLE team led by Ketterle created a supersolid, "which combines the properties of solids with those of superfluids".
Research Laboratory of Electronics
Research_Laboratory_of_Electronics
Excited atomic quantum state with high principal quantum number (n)
Henkel, N.; Cinti, F.; Jain, P.; Pupillo, G.; Pohl, T. (2012-06-26). "Supersolid Vortex Crystals in Rydberg-Dressed Bose-Einstein Condensates". Physical
Rydberg_atom
Conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Granular_material
American physicist and professor
lattice with sound. The lattice had phonon excitations and formed the first supersolid that possesses a key property of solids, vibration. This work was based
Benjamin_L._Lev
engineering targets. 5 March – Italian researchers report turning light into a supersolid for the first time. 6 March – A study in Science finds that butterfly
2025_in_science
Quantum feature of condensed-matter systems
that possesses both DLRO like a crystal and ODLRO is expected to be a supersolid. Light can also possess ODLRO, as is the case of coherent sources like
Off-diagonal_long-range_order
astronomer Nikolay Prokof'ev, physicist, known for his works on theory of supersolids includes the theory of superfluidity of crystalline defects Tatiana Proskouriakoff
List_of_Russian_Americans
PMID 16598249. Kim, E.; Chan, M. H. W. (2004). "Probable observation of a supersolid helium phase". Nature. 427 (6971): 225–227. Bibcode:2004Natur.427..225K
2004_in_science
Spin 1 quasiparticle; quantum of a spin wave
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Magnon
Quasiparticles arising from EM wave coupling
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Polariton
Physical model of non-interacting fermions
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Fermi_gas
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Path integrals in polymer science
Path_integrals_in_polymer_science
State of matter of many bosons
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Bose_gas
Class of materials
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Spin_gapless_semiconductor
French mathematician (1540–1603)
ought to be homogeneous, all of them lines, or surfaces, or solids, or supersolids — an equation between mere numbers being inadmissible. During the centuries
François_Viète
Field of physics that studies polymers
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Polymer_physics
Element in first row of periodic table
Scientific American. Retrieved 2008-07-15. "Probable Discovery Of A New, Supersolid, Phase Of Matter". Science Daily. 2004-09-03. Retrieved 2008-07-15. Browne
Period_1_element
Model of interacting spinless bosons on a lattice
to be the same on every site, which precludes exotic phases such as supersolids or other inhomogeneous phases. (Other decouplings are possible.) The
Bose–Hubbard_model
Ippei; Sá de Melo, Carlos A. R. (2009-11-24). "Stability of Superfluid and Supersolid Phases of Dipolar Bosons in Optical Lattices". Physical Review Letters
Carlos_A._R._Sa_de_Melo
Thin layer of liquid in a superfluid state
system near its critical point. Bose–Einstein condensate Quantum vortex Supersolid David Thouless: Condensed Matter Physics in Less Than Three dimensions
Superfluid_film
French physicist
101 (3), 032119 (2020) Pomeau Y. and Rica S. Dynamics of a model of a supersolid. Physical Review Letters, 1994. 72(15): p. 2426-9 Newell, A. C., and Y
Yves_Pomeau
Term in condensed matter physics
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Quantum_critical_point
Lee-Weinberg bound, about the cosmological lower bound on heavy neutrino masses. Supersolid In 2004, Eunseong Kim and Moses H. W. Chan discovered the first evidence
List of South Korean inventions and discoveries
List_of_South_Korean_inventions_and_discoveries
Quasiparticle in condensed matter physics
Bose–Einstein condensate Bose gas Fermionic condensate Fermi gas Fermi liquid Supersolid Superfluidity Luttinger liquid Time crystal Phase phenomena Order parameter
Polaron
American physicist
to Receive NASA Medal". NASA. 2000-05-05. Archived from the original on 2001-03-06. "Supersolids reliant on disorder, say physicists" PhysicsWorld.com
John_Reppy
Department in the University of Otago, New Zealand
Non-equilibrium field theory, quantum turbulence, quantum droplets and supersolids Theoretical & Computational Physics The University hosts The Dodd-Walls
Department of Physics, University of Otago
Department_of_Physics,_University_of_Otago
South Korean science award
and metastasis September Kim Eunseong (김은성) KAIST Physics Discovery of supersolid phenomena October Lee Hakju (이학주) Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials
Scientist_of_the_Month
Supersaturation Superseded scientific theories Superselection Superselection rule Supersolid Supersonic fracture Supersonic speed Supersonic wind tunnel Superspace
Index_of_physics_articles_(S)
Research centre at Otago University in New Zealand
Times. Retrieved 21 July 2020. "Bose Einstein condensate may reveal supersolid's secrets". New Zealand eScience Infrastructure. Retrieved 21 July 2020
Dodd-Walls_Centre
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