Search references for STANDARD SCALE. Phrases containing STANDARD SCALE
See searches and references containing STANDARD SCALE!STANDARD SCALE
Scale maximum fines are set against in Commonwealth law
standard scale is a system in Commonwealth law whereby financial criminal penalties (fines) in legislation have maximum levels set against a standard
Standard_scale
Succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects
The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances
Cosmic_distance_ladder
Scales used by rail transport models
National Model Railroad Association (NMRA) standards in most popular scales. Scale and gauge are different: scale means the ratio between a unit of measurement
Rail transport modelling scales
Rail_transport_modelling_scales
Empirical measure describing wind speed based on observed conditions
naval officers made regular weather observations, but there was no standard scale and so they could be very subjective — one man's "stiff breeze" might
Beaufort_scale
Model railroad scale of 1:87
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard-gauge tracks and trains in HO. The name HO comes from 1:87 scale being half that of O scale, which was originally the
HO_scale
Measure of earthquake size
does not underestimate magnitudes as other scales do in certain conditions. It has become the standard scale used by seismological authorities like the
Moment_magnitude_scale
Physical development scale of children, adolescents, and adults
puberty. Among researchers who study puberty, the Tanner scale is commonly considered the "gold standard" for assessing pubertal status when it is conducted
Tanner_scale
Unit of measurement for temperature
temperature on the Celsius temperature scale (originally known as the centigrade scale in English), one of two temperature scales used in the International System
Celsius
This is a list of scale model sizes, listing a variety of size ratios for scale models. Super Series - 1:1400 Scale, Modern Brands website (accessed 2017-06-21)
List_of_scale_model_sizes
Scale used to classify male pattern baldness
The Hamilton–Norwood scale (also known as the Norwood–Hamilton scale or simply the Norwood scale) is the most widely used classification system for male
Norwood_scale
Model railroad scale (1:64)
train standard gauge, a large-scale standard for toy trains in the early part of the 20th century. S scale is one of the oldest model railroading scales. The
S_scale
Device to measure temperature
However, each inventor and each thermometer was unique — there was no standard scale. Early attempts at standardization added a single reference point such
Thermometer
Model railroad gauge
real-world standard gauge track spacing of 1,435 mm by choosing various spacings such as 30 mm (1.181 in) at 1:48 scale, 1.25 in (31.75 mm) at 1:45.2 scale, 32 mm
O_scale
Temperature scale
212 °F, both at sea level and under standard atmospheric pressure. It is now formally defined using the Kelvin scale. It continues to be used in the United
Fahrenheit
Method to document and evaluate an employee's job performance
job performance. A mixed-standard scale (MSS) is a behavior-based rating process used during employee appraisals. The scale was originally developed in
Performance_appraisal
Absolute temperature scale using Fahrenheit degrees
Fahrenheit scale, old definition. The ice point of purified water has been measured to be 0.00008910 degrees Celsius. For Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water
Rankine_scale
American data annotation company
the Department of Commerce’s National Institute of Standards and Technology. In December 2024, Scale was sued by a former employee, alleging that the company
Scale_AI
Model railroad gauge
(~1:13‒1:19‒1:20), metre gauge (1:22.5), Playmobil trains (~1:24), and standard gauge (~1:29–1:32). G-scale LGB (Lehmann Groß Bahn, "Lehmann's Big Train") was introduced
G_scale
Measure of the level of acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution
bases. The pH scale is traceable to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement. Primary pH standard values are determined
PH
Physical representation of an object
Standard scales have not emerged in this hobby. Model railroaders use railroad scales for their buildings: HO scale (1:87), OO scale (1:76), N scale (1:160)
Scale_model
Statistical indicators of the deviation of a sample
are contrasted with conventional or non-robust measures of scale, such as sample standard deviation, which are greatly influenced by outliers. The most
Robust_measures_of_scale
Modelling scale of 1:160, 1:150 (Japan), 1:148 (UK)
9 mm to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in), which is the width of standard-gauge railway. However the scale may vary to simulate wide or narrow-gauge rail. In all
N_scale
Ascending or descending sequence of musical tones
single scale, which can be conveniently represented on a staff with a standard key signature. Due to the principle of octave equivalence, scales are generally
Scale_(music)
Scale model size standard
relatively small gaming area. 1:300 scale (5 mm scale) is an almost identical NATO standard scale. Both figure scales are based on the 1 mm = 1 ft calculation
1:285_scale
Model railroad gauge
OO gauge or OO scale (also, 00 gauge and 00 scale) is the most popular standard gauge model railway standard in the United Kingdom, outside of which it
OO_gauge
SI unit of temperature
temperature in the International System of Units (SI). The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale that starts at the lowest possible temperature (absolute
Kelvin
Method of scaling test scores
Stanine (STAndard NINE) is a method of scaling test scores on a nine-point standard scale with a mean of five and a standard deviation of two. Some web
Stanine
Small model railroad gauge and scale
control systems. The first attempts to use digital system in Z scale were based on NEM standard, Selectrix, which offered the smallest decoders in the market
Z_scale
American music critic and YouTuber (born 1985)
Back", also appearing in its music video. Albums are rated on a standard zero to ten scale, with Fantano deeming an album score of a five as "indifference"
Anthony_Fantano
Measure of variation in statistics
non-normal distributions. The standard deviation is invariant under changes in location, and scales directly with the scale of the random variable. Thus
Standard_deviation
Industrial scale for bearing tolerance
The ABEC scale is an industry accepted standard for the tolerances of a ball bearing. The ABEC scale is designed to provide bearing manufacturers dimensional
ABEC_scale
Psychometric measurement scale
A Likert scale (/ˈlɪkərt/ LIK-ərt,) is a psychometric scale named after its inventor, American social psychologist Rensis Likert, which is commonly used
Likert_scale
Measure of the strength of earthquakes
The Richter scale (/ˈrɪktər/), also called the Richter magnitude scale, Richter's magnitude scale, and the Gutenberg–Richter scale, is a measure of the
Richter_scale
Scale model size standard
1:64 scale. The 1:64 scale originated by halving the common 1:32 scale, which was known as "standard size" in some hobbies. This smaller scale became successful
1:64_scale
Crimes that arise from failure to take care of health, safety or welfare at work
Offenders can, on summary conviction, be fined up to level 5 on the standard scale. This Act requires that employers carry insurance against the personal
Health and safety crime in the United Kingdom
Health_and_safety_crime_in_the_United_Kingdom
Personality construct
Likert-scale personality survey, became the standard self-assessment tool and scale of the Machiavellianism construct. Those who score high on the scale (High
Machiavellianism_(psychology)
Electric plucked string instrument
less is considered short scale, 32" (81 cm) medium scale, 34" (86 cm) standard scale and 35" (89 cm) long scale. Long scale is more commonly seen on 5-string
Bass_guitar
Measurement of a string instrument
inches (660 mm) scale, which is now the standard for such leading makers as Ramirez. The steel-string acoustic guitar typically has a scale slightly shorter
Scale length (string instruments)
Scale_length_(string_instruments)
Ratio of distance on a map to the corresponding distance on the ground
the mapped point's scale to the nominal scale. In this case 'scale' means the scale factor (also called point scale or particular scale). If the region of
Scale_(map)
Model railway scale
15 mm scale where the height of "standard" 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) soldier height is 15 mm (0.59 in). For British 3 mm TT scale, see 3 mm scale. TT scale was
TT_scale
Scale for measuring spiciness of peppers
The Scoville scale is a measurement of spiciness of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration
Scoville_scale
Gardner Color Scale is a one-dimensional scale used to measure the shade of the color yellow. The Gardner scale and the APHA/Pt-Co/Hazen Color Scale overlap
Gardner_color_scale
Musical instrument
tuning a standard guitar a minor third higher than standard guitar tuning (as though a capo were on the third fret of the guitar). The scale length is
Six-string_alto_guitar
Method to measure temperature quantitatively
Scale of temperature is a methodology of calibrating the physical quantity temperature in metrology. Empirical scales measure temperature in relation
Scale_of_temperature
System property to handle growing work
Scalability is the property of a system to handle a growing amount of work. One definition for software systems specifies that this may be done by adding
Scalability
Standard energy scale for electroweak processes of 246 GeV
collisions. Interactions may have been above this scale during the electroweak epoch. In the unextended Standard Model, the transition from the electroweak epoch
Electroweak_scale
Instrument to measure the weight of an object
A scale or balance is a device used to measure weight or mass. These are also known as mass scales, weight scales, mass balances, massometers, and weight
Weighing_scale
Standard color scale
The Martin–Schultz scale is a standard color scale commonly used in physical anthropology to establish more or less precisely the eye color of an individual;
Martin–Schultz_scale
Type of musical scale
pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to heptatonic scales, which have seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and
Pentatonic_scale
Scale for models and miniatures
common a scale for toy trains, autos, and soldiers that it was known as "standard size" in the industry (not to be confused with Lionel's "Standard Gauge")
1:32_scale
Statistical measure
as the standard normal distribution, and the Cauchy distribution as the standard Cauchy distribution. A statistic can be used to estimate a scale parameter
Scale_parameter
How many standard deviations apart from the mean an observed datum is
In statistics, the standard score or z-score is the number of standard deviations by which the value of a raw score (i.e., an observed value or data point)
Standard_score
Japanese tuning scale
Hirajōshi scale or hira-choshi (Japanese: 平調子, Hepburn: hirachōshi; chōshi "tuning" and hira "even, level, tranquil, standard, regular") is a tuning scale adapted
Hirajōshi_scale
Categorisation of people's intelligence based on IQ
Ability (GCA) score scaled like an IQ score with the mean standard score set at 100 and 15 standard score points for each standard deviation up or down
IQ_classification
Model railway gauge
(64 mm), which correctly represents standard gauge railways at: 1:22.5 scale (common in mainland Europe) 1:24 scale (or ½ inch to the foot, common in the
Gauge_3_Railways
model railway layouts. The FREMO standards were created following a meeting in Europe in 1981. Single track h0 scale modules are typically 500 millimetres
FREMO
Measure of a civilization's evolution
The Kardashev scale (Russian: шкала Кардашёва, romanized: shkala Kardashova) is a method of measuring a civilization's level of technological advancement
Kardashev_scale
103·999+3 = 103000 (short scale) or 106·999 = 105994 (long scale) may be named. The choice of roots and the concatenation procedure is that of the standard dictionary
Names_of_large_numbers
Different meanings for numbers
Much of the world has adopted either the short or long scale. Countries using the long scale include most countries in continental Europe and most that
Long_and_short_scales
ISO standards, see the ISO catalogue. The standards are protected by copyright and most of them must be purchased. However, about 300 of the standards produced
List_of_ISO_standards
Specification for measuring time
recognized as standards, where formerly they were matters of custom and practice. An example of a kind of time standard can be a time scale, specifying
Time_standard
narrow the possible scale-space representations to a smaller class, typically with only a few free parameters. A set of standard scale space axioms, discussed
Scale-space_axioms
Model railway scale
American O scale (1:48) and European O scale (1:45). For standard gauge railways, 32mm gauge, or 0 gauge is most commonly used. ScaleSeven (S7) standard however
7_mm_scale
Theory of forces and subatomic particles
v} has units of mass and sets the scale of electroweak physics. This is the only dimensional parameter of the Standard Model and has a measured value of
Standard_Model
Tornado intensity rating scale
The Enhanced Fujita scale (abbreviated EF-Scale) is a scale that rates tornado intensity based on the severity of the damage a tornado causes. It is used
Enhanced_Fujita_scale
Railway modeling finecast scale
uses a scale of 2 mm on the model to 1 foot on the prototype, which scales out to 1:152.4 The track gauge used to represent prototype standard gauge (4
2_mm_scale
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
a magistrates' court, an offender can be fined up to level 3 on the standard scale. Authorities also have powers over receptacles for commercial and industrial
Environmental Protection Act 1990
Environmental_Protection_Act_1990
Finescale standards (or fine standards) are model railway standards for wheels and track whose dimensions are closer to scale than those of mass-produced
Finescale_standard
Tool used for measuring the density of liquids
SCALE FOR SUGAR SOLUTIONS" (PDF). October 30, 1918. "59. UNITED STATES STANDARD BAUME HYDROMETER SCALES" (PDF). CIRCULAR OF THE Bureau of Standards.
Baumé_scale
First formal technique to measure an attitude
and interfaced with the standard scores. The scale is then obtained as a left-adjusted column marginal average of this standard score matrix (Thurstone
Thurstone_scale
Model railroad gauge
toy standard, rather than a scale modeling standard, the actual scale of Standard Gauge locomotives and rolling stock varied, but the nominal scale ratio
Standard_Gauge_(toy_trains)
System that relates geologic strata to time
The geologic time scale or geological time scale describes how geologic time is divided into standardised intervals. It uses the rock record together with
Geologic_time_scale
Computer display feature
developer tool Quartz Debug that included a feature allowing the user to scale the interface. However, the feature was incomplete, as some icons did not
Resolution_independence
of colour in platinum-cobalt scale. The ASTM has detailed description and procedures in ASTM Designation D1209, "Standard Test Method for Color of Clear
Pt/Co_scale
Toy
brands use 1:16 or 3/4"-scale. The most common standard for adult collectors is 1:12 scale, also called 1" or one inch scale (where 1 foot is represented
Dollhouse
ZZ scale (1:300) is a model railroad scale with a standard gauge of 4.8 mm (0.189 in). Models for the scale are produced exclusively by Bandai, and depict
ZZ_scale
High-speed interconnect standard for shared memory multiprocessing and message passing
The Scalable Coherent Interface or Scalable Coherent Interconnect (SCI), is a high-speed interconnect standard for shared memory multiprocessing and message
Scalable_Coherent_Interface
Relative measure of dispersion expressed as the ratio of standard deviation to the mean
Kelvin is twice as hot as 10 Kelvin, but only in this scale with a true absolute zero. While a standard deviation (SD) can be measured in Kelvin, Celsius
Coefficient_of_variation
British law on wearing military outfits
2 of the Act is publishable by a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. Conviction under Section 3 ("...likely to bring contempt upon that
Uniforms_Act_1894
Distinction between nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio variables
such as measurement of opinions, usually operates on ordinal scales; thus means and standard deviations have no validity according to his rules, but they
Level_of_measurement
Australian standard used to compute penalties for breaches of law
and frequency of adjusting that value differ between jurisdictions. Standard scale Legislation Act 2001 (ACT) s 133 "Wallets at the ready: CCA penalty
Penalty_unit
Musical scale invented by Wendy Carlos
Philharmonic" in reference to large-scale integration computer chips. It represented a peak of what she felt she could do with standard synthesizer timbres. For
Wendy_Carlos_scales
Musical scales
slightly higher or lower pitch than standard. However, since blue notes are considered alternative inflections, a blues scale may be considered to not fit the
Blues_scale
Popular culture idiom
the standard scale of one to ten. Users can only rate the film on a scale of one to ten, and other IMDb pages display the rating on a ten-point scale. The
Up_to_eleven
Mean distance between Earth and the Sun
addition, the measurement of the time itself must be translated to a standard scale that accounts for relativistic time dilation.[citation needed] Comparison
Astronomical_unit
Method of designing specialized integrated circuits
Along with semiconductor manufacturing advances, standard-cell methodology has helped designers scale ASICs from comparatively simple single-function ICs
Standard_cell
Model railway scale
inaccurately narrow since it is correct for HO scale (1:87.1). It is the most popular standard in the UK for 4 mm scale trains and is produced by the two main
4_mm_scale
Musical scale with unusual steps
double harmonic major scale also known as Ionian ♭2 ♭6 is a musical scale with a flattened second and sixth degree. This scale is enharmonic to the Mayamalavagowla
Double_harmonic_scale
Unit of temperature
starting point of the International Temperature Scale in the 1930s (Awbery 1934). The boiling points of standard hydrogen (−253 °C), consisting of 75% orthohydrogen
Leiden_scale
Offence in English law
either of them shall be liable to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or to both. On
Common_assault
constant across the entire organ keyboard. He established this as a standard scale, or in German, Normalmensur, with the additional stipulation that the
Organ_flue_pipe_scaling
Method for estimating the maturity of technologies
The US Department of Defense has used the scale for procurement since the early 2000s. By 2008 the scale was also in use at the European Space Agency
Technology_readiness_level
Diameter of individual grains of sediment, or of lithified particles in clastic rocks
scale (or Udden–Wentworth scale named after geologists Chester K. Wentworth and Johan A. Udden) used in the United States. The Krumbein phi (φ) scale
Grain_size
Earthquake intensity scale
the MSK in the development of the European macroseismic scale, which is now a de facto standard for evaluation of seismic intensity in European countries
Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale
Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik_scale
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up time scale in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Time scale may refer to: Time standard, a specification of either the rate at which time passes
Time_scale
Model railroad gauge
August 1909, at 1.75 in (44.45 mm). An exact 1:32 scale would yield 1.766 in (44.85 mm) for standard gauge prototype. The distance between the wheel tyres
1_gauge
Time scale used in scientific disciplines
changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year".
Before_Present
Statistical property
The standard error (SE) of a statistic (usually an estimator of a parameter, like the average or mean) is the standard deviation of its sampling distribution
Standard_error
Small-scale model used in miniature wargaming
In miniature wargaming, players enact simulated battles using scale models called miniature models, which can be anywhere from 2 to 54 mm in height, to
Miniature_model_(gaming)
is a set of standards for model railways allowing construction of models to a scale of 4 mm to 300 mm (1 ft) (1:76.2), the predominant scale of model railways
Protofour
STANDARD SCALE
STANDARD SCALE
Biblical
standard; flight; temptation
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly Yorkshire)
English (mainly Yorkshire) : from a Norman personal name, Tancard, composed of the Germanic words þank ‘thought’ + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’.English (mainly Yorkshire) : metonymic occupational name for a maker of barrels and drinking vessels, or a nickname for a hardened drinker, from Middle English tankard ‘tub’, ‘cup’ (apparently a borrowing from Middle Dutch).
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Stable; Standard
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
A high standard
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Standish.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Stannard.
Surname or Lastname
English (Northumbria)
English (Northumbria) : occupational name for a breeder or keeper of horses, from Old English stÅd ‘stud’ or stott ‘inferior kind of horse’ + hierde ‘herdsman’, ‘keeper’. There is a difficulty in deriving this name from Old English stÅd in that stud is not recorded in the sense ‘collection of horses bred by one person’ until the 17th century; before that it denoted a place where horses were kept for breeding, but that sense does not combine naturally with ‘herdsman’.The Stoddard family of Boston, MA, was introduced by Anthony Stoddard (1600–1686), who settled there in 1639. Solomon Stoddard (1643–1728/9) was a prominent Congregational clergyman in MA, the grandfather of Jonathan Edwards, and progenitor of many noted descendants.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Telugu, Thai
Horse; Standard
Girl/Female
Biblical
Standard, miracle.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Standard Hill in Ninfield, Sussex.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Standard, flight, temptation.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places named Stanford, for example in Bedfordshire, Kent, and Norfolk, or Stanford Dingley in Berkshire, Stanford in the Vale in Oxfordshire, or Stanford le Hope in Essex, etc., all named from Old English stÄn ‘stone’ + ford ‘ford’.An early bearer, Thomas Stanford of England, settled in Charlestown, MA, in the mid 17th century and started a family line that includes Leland Stanford (1824–93), the railroad developer who was governor of CA, a U.S. senator, and the founding benefactor of Stanford University.
Boy/Male
English American
Stony ford; stony meadow. Surname.
Biblical
standard; miracle
Surname or Lastname
English
English : byname for a valiant or resolute person, from a reduced pronunciation of Middle English stalward, stalworth ‘stalwart’ (an Old English compound of stǣl ‘place’ + wierðe ‘worthy’).
Male
Hindi/Indian
Hindi name SHANDAR means "amazing, enhanced, brilliant, shining."Â
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : from the Middle English personal name Stanhard (Old English StÄnheard), composed of the elements stÄn ‘stone’ + heard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’.
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English
Horse Guard; Keeper of Horses
Boy/Male
English
Keeper of horses.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Stoddard.
STANDARD SCALE
STANDARD SCALE
Surname or Lastname
English (Suffolk)
English (Suffolk) : probably a variant of Norfolk.
Boy/Male
Australian, French, Latin, Spanish
Born Second
Boy/Male
British, English, Gaelic, Irish
Made of Oak; Handsome
Girl/Female
Tamil
Child, Branch, Energy, Power, , Power
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord or Prince of Youthfulness
Girl/Female
Spanish
Consolation.
Boy/Male
Arabic, British, Islamic, Malaysian, Muslim, Pakistani, Tamil, Urdu
Distribution
Girl/Female
Greek
Prophetess; oracle.
Surname or Lastname
German (of Slavic origin)
German (of Slavic origin) : from a pet form of the personal name Pavel or Paweł, respectively the Czech and Polish forms of Paul, or from a Sorbian cognate.German (of Slavic origin) : nickname for a small man, from Slavic palac ‘thumb’.Irish : MacLysaght ascribes the origin of this surname in Ireland to the arrival there in the 15th century of a Lombard family of bankers named de Palatio.English : from Old French palis, paleis ‘palisade’, ‘fence’, hence a topographic name for someone who lived by a palisade or a metonymic occupational name for a maker of fences.English : possibly a metonymic occupational name for someone who worked at a palace (bishop’s, archbishop’s, or royal), from Old French, Middle English palais, paleis.English : metonymic occupational name for a worker at a straw stack, from Old French paille ‘straw’ + Middle English hous ‘house’.Greek : ornamental name or nickname from Albanian pallë ‘sword’.Catalan (Pallà s) : variant spelling of Pallars, a regional name from the Catalan district of Pallars, in the Pyrenees.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Rightly-guided (Person) of the Religion Islam
STANDARD SCALE
STANDARD SCALE
STANDARD SCALE
STANDARD SCALE
STANDARD SCALE
a.
Standard; original; exact; typical.
v. t.
To fix the standard of.
n.
A standard bearer. obtaining
n.
An upright support, as one of the poles of a scaffold; any upright in framing.
n.
The proportion of weights of fine metal and alloy established by authority.
n.
That which is established by authority as a rule for the measure of quantity, extent, value, or quality; esp., the original specimen weight or measure sanctioned by government, as the standard pound, gallon, or yard.
a.
Not supported by, or fastened to, a wall; as, standard fruit trees.
n.
A large drinking cup.
n.
A standard bearer.
n.
A flag; colors; a banner; especially, a national or other ensign.
n.
A tree of natural size supported by its own stem, and not dwarfed by grafting on the stock of a smaller species nor trained upon a wall or trellis.
a.
Hence: Having a recognized and permanent value; as, standard works in history; standard authors.
n.
A flag or standard.
a.
Bred in conformity to a standard. Specif., applied to a registered trotting horse which comes up to the standard adopted by the National Association of Trotting-horse Breeders.
a.
Not of the dwarf kind; as, a standard pear tree.
n.
The upper petal or banner of a papilionaceous corolla.
n.
That which is established as a rule or model by authority, custom, or general consent; criterion; test.
n.
The sheth of a plow.
n.
An inverted knee timber placed upon the deck instead of beneath it, with its vertical branch turned upward from that which lies horizontally.
a.
Being, affording, or according with, a standard for comparison and judgment; as, standard time; standard weights and measures; a standard authority as to nautical terms; standard gold or silver.