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Study of soil's physical properties and processes
Soil physics is the study of soil's physical properties and processes. It is applied to management and prediction under natural and managed ecosystems
Soil_physics
Study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of Earth
soil-dependent uses. Both branches apply a combination of soil physics, soil chemistry, and soil biology. Due to the numerous interactions between the biosphere
Soil_science
Hierarchical outline list of articles related to the physical sciences
agrophysics – history of the study of physics applied to agroecosystems History of soil physics – history of the study of soil physical properties and processes
Outline_of_physical_science
Mechanism to introduce gases into soil
effective at controlling soil pH when compared to core aeration.[citation needed] Saha, Arun Kumar (2004). Text book of soil physics (3 ed.). Ludhiana: Kalyani
Soil_aeration
Branch of soil physics and applied mechanics that describes the behavior of soils
Soil mechanics is a branch of soil physics and applied mechanics that describes the behavior of soils. It differs from fluid mechanics and solid mechanics
Soil_mechanics
Soil surface layers that are distinct from the rest of the bulk soil
Soil crusts are soil surface layers that are distinct from the rest of the bulk soil, often hardened with a platy surface. Depending on the manner of formation
Soil_crust
components, variously defined among scientific disciplines: Soil physics characterizes water in soil in terms of tension, Physiology of plants and animals characterizes
Soil-plant-atmosphere continuum
Soil-plant-atmosphere_continuum
Salinity modelling software
SaltMod is computer program for the prediction of the salinity of soil moisture, groundwater and drainage water, the depth of the watertable, and the drain
SaltMod
Gases in the air space between soil components
Soil gases (soil atmosphere) are the gases found in the air space between soil components. The spaces between the solid soil particles, if they do not
Soil_gas
Equation describing the flow of a fluid through a porous medium
negative sign is used in the definition of the flux following the standard physics convention that fluids flow from regions of high pressure to regions of
Darcy's_law
Instrument to measure soil water content
Soil moisture sensors measure the volumetric water content in soil. Since the direct gravimetric measurement of free soil moisture requires removing,
Soil_moisture_sensor
Earth, a natural material
plants and soil organisms. Some scientific definitions distinguish dirt from soil by restricting the former term specifically to displaced soil. Soil consists
Soil
A soil scientist is a contributor to soil science. Soil scientists include agronomists, pedologists and soil classifiers. The following is a list of notable
List_of_soil_scientists
Device used to measure matric water potential
tensiometer in soil science is a measuring instrument used to determine the matric water potential ( Ψ m {\displaystyle \Psi _{m}} ) (soil moisture tension)
Tensiometer_(soil_science)
Scientific study of earth materials in engineering problems
Seismology Soil mechanics Soil physics Soil science Das, Braja (2006). Principles of Geotechnical Engineering. Thomson Learning. Budhu, Muni (2007). Soil Mechanics
Geotechnical_engineering
Mass per unit volume of granular matter
other "divided" solids, especially used in reference to mineral components (soil, gravel), chemical substances, pharmaceutical ingredients, foodstuff, or
Bulk_density
Quantity of water contained in a material
content is the quantity of water contained in a material, such as soil (called soil moisture), rock, ceramics, crops, or wood. Water content is used in
Water_content
Unsaturated aquifer above the water table
capillary fringe. Movement of water within the vadose zone is studied within soil physics and hydrology, particularly hydrogeology, and is of importance to agriculture
Vadose_zone
Biogeochemical cycle for movement of water on Earth
evapotranspiration which is water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil. Clouds form because water molecules have a smaller molecular mass than the
Water_cycle
Unit of permeability
Reconstruction for Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Silico". Frontiers in Physics. 8: 637. arXiv:2012.03993. Bibcode:2021FrP.....8..637S. doi:10.3389/fphy
Darcy_(unit)
Change in viscosity of a gel or fluid caused by stress
sonic logging Pile integrity test Wave equation analysis Laboratory testing Soil classification Atterberg limits California bearing ratio Direct shear test
Thixotropy
Ratio of void volume and total volume of a porous material
metallurgy, materials, manufacturing, petrophysics, hydrology, earth sciences, soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and engineering. In gas-liquid two-phase flow
Porosity
occurs in soils that are particularly vulnerable to erosion by water. In soil layers where clays are saturated with sodium ions ("sodic soils"), soil can break
Dispersion_(geology)
American earth scientist
is a Professor of Environmental Soil Physics at the University of California, Merced. He specialises in soil physics, agroecology and environmental stewardship
Teamrat_Ghezzehei
Potential energy of water per unit volume relative to water in known conditions
in understanding and computing water movement within plants, animals, and soil. Water potential is typically expressed in potential energy per unit volume
Water_potential
Academic fields of study or professions
Theoretical physics Thermal physics Thermodynamics Social physics Soil physics Solid state physics Spintronics Statics Fluid statics Statistical physics Surface
Outline of academic disciplines
Outline_of_academic_disciplines
Overview of and topical guide to physics
speeds. Other Agrophysics – the study of physics applied to agroecosystems Soil physics – the study of soil physical properties and processes. Cryogenics
Outline_of_physics
Energy transfer influence
The thermal properties of soil are a component of soil physics that has found important uses in engineering, climatology and agriculture. These properties
Soil_thermal_properties
Amount of water an aquifer releases while staying saturated
an apparatus called a consolidometer), using the consolidation theory of soil mechanics (developed by Karl Terzaghi). Aquifer-test analyses provide estimates
Specific_storage
United States historic place
Hall (also known as the Horticulture and Agricultural Physics and Soil Science Building and the Soils Building) was built in 1893 and 1896 on the campus
Horticulture and Agricultural Physics and Soil Science Building
Horticulture_and_Agricultural_Physics_and_Soil_Science_Building
Groundwater that recharges an aquifer
methods to estimate recharge rates are: chloride mass balance (CMB); soil physics methods; environmental and isotopic tracers; groundwater-level fluctuation
Groundwater_recharge
American physicist
period. Buckingham's first work on soil physics is on soil aeration, particularly the loss of carbon dioxide from the soil and its subsequent replacement
Edgar_Buckingham
The soil moisture velocity equation describes the speed that water moves vertically through unsaturated soil under the combined actions of gravity and
Soil moisture velocity equation
Soil_moisture_velocity_equation
Clay soil prone to swelling and shrinking
expansive soil, is a clay soil prone to large volume changes (swelling and shrinking) directly related to changes in water content. Soils with a high
Expansive_clay
Ability of water to flow through a porous material
(K, in SI units of meters per second) is a property of porous materials, soils and rocks, that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can
Hydraulic_conductivity
Electronic instrument
mass and energy in soil". Soil Tillage Research 47:125–132. Topp, G.C. and T.P.A. Ferre, 2002. "Water content", in Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4. (Ed
Time-domain_reflectometer
Water content of the soil
Soil moisture is the water content of the soil. It can be expressed in terms of volume or weight. Soil moisture measurement can be based on in situ probes
Soil_moisture
Root which grows above the ground
2005-09-06. Retrieved 2005-10-10. Hillel, Daniel (1998). Environmental Soil Physics (PDF). Academic Press. Table 11.1. ISBN 0-12-348525-8. Retrieved 2024-12-15
Aerial_root
database on soil science. The Institute has been divided into six divisions, each taking care of an independent area of activity. Soil physics division oversees
Indian Institute of Soil Science
Indian_Institute_of_Soil_Science
Measure of the absorption rate of soil
called a perc test) is a test to determine the water absorption rate of soil (that is, its capacity for percolation) in preparation for the building of
Percolation_test
Concept in hydrology
Field capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in the soil after excess water has drained away and the rate of downward movement
Field_capacity
Representation of water movement in unsaturated soils
"The contributions of Lewis Fry Richardson to drainage theory, soil physics, and the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum" (PDF). EGU General Assembly 2016.
Richards_equation
neutron probe is a device used to measure the quantity of water present in soil. A typical neutron probe contains a pellet of americium-241 and beryllium
Neutron_probe
Measure of the ability of a porous material to allow fluids to pass through it
science and Earth sciences, the permeability of porous media (often, a rock or soil) is a measure of the ability for fluids (gas or liquid) to flow through the
Permeability_(porous_media)
Academic journal
fundamental and applied aspects of soil science. As well as publishing in traditional aspects of soil biology, soil physics and soil chemistry across terrestrial
Soil_Research
Soil moisture below which a plant will wilt
is defined as the minimum amount of water in the soil that the plant requires not to wilt. If the soil water content decreases to this or any lower point
Permanent_wilting_point
Standardized method for measuring soil infiltration
(MPD) is a standardized method for measuring the hydraulic conductivity of soil in the field. It is a falling head method outlined in ASTM International
Modified Philip Dunne Infiltrometer
Modified_Philip_Dunne_Infiltrometer
University in Iran
members of staff. The faculty has 28 laboratories including Soil Chemistry Laboratory, Soil Physics Laboratory, Plant Breeding Laboratory, Plant Pathology
University of Kurdistan (Iran)
University_of_Kurdistan_(Iran)
American scientific organization
Soil Science Society of America (SSSA), is the largest soil-specific society in the United States. It was formed in 1936 from the merger of the Soils
Soil Science Society of America
Soil_Science_Society_of_America
Function of the type of soil
Stress distribution in soil is a function of the type of soil, the relative rigidity of the soil and the footing, and the depth of foundation at level
Stress_distribution_in_soil
Parameter used in hydrology
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, which was formerly called the Soil Conservation Service or SCS—the number is still popularly known as a "SCS
Runoff_curve_number
Relationship between water and soil
content, θ, and the soil water potential, ψ. The soil moisture curve is characteristic for different soil types, and is also called the soil moisture characteristic
Water_retention_curve
Zone in an aquifer below the water table
season, and during wet and dry periods. Depending on the characteristics of soil particles, their packing and porosity, the boundary of a saturated zone can
Phreatic_zone
Clogging of pore space in soil by microbial biomass
Bioclogging or biological clogging refers to the blockage of pore space in soil by microbial biomass, including active cells and their byproducts such as
Bioclogging
American physicist
field of soil physics. Lorenzo A. Richards was born on April 24, 1904, in the town of Fielding, Utah, and received a B.S. and M.A. degree in physics from
Lorenzo_A._Richards
Hydrologic technique
In hydrology, routing is a technique used to predict the changes in shape of a hydrograph as water moves through a river channel or a reservoir. In flood
Routing_(hydrology)
Small localized object
unconnected particles, rather than a connected particle aggregation. In physics, the concept of particles can be used to make simplifying assumptions when
Particle
time that soil material at any place has been subjected to soil-forming processes. Meanwhile, advances in soil chemistry, soil physics, soil mineralogy
History_of_soil_science
Hydrodynamic physics demonstration
supplying water at constant head for measuring water infiltration into soil or supplying the mobile phase in chromatography. The drawback of the design
Mariotte's_bottle
Tendency of water to flow horizontally
In soil science, Horton overland flow describes the tendency of water to flow horizontally across land surfaces when rainfall has exceeded infiltration
Horton_overland_flow
infiltrometer is a device used to measure the rate of water infiltration into soil or other porous media. Commonly used infiltrometers are single-ring and double-ring
Infiltrometer
Process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil
by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is commonly used in both hydrology and soil sciences. The infiltration capacity is defined as
Infiltration_(hydrology)
Thin layer of water surrounding mineral surfaces
increases. Adsorption Capillary action Effective porosity Surface tension W.A. Jury & R. Horton, 'Soil Physics', Wiley; 6th edition (2004) ISBN 0-471-05965-X
Bound_water
Displacement of soil by water, wind, and lifeforms
Soil erosion is the denudation or wearing away of the upper layer of soil. It is a form of soil degradation. This natural process is caused by the dynamic
Soil_erosion
the moisture content of soil at which tillage produces the largest number of small aggregates. The Optimum Water Content of soil is the water content at
Optimum water content for tillage
Optimum_water_content_for_tillage
Field of scientific study
stream flow and function, and feedbacks between ecological processes, the soil carbon sponge and the hydrological cycle. The hydrologic cycle describes
Ecohydrology
Overview of and topical guide to applied physics
Photovoltaics Plasma physics Quantum electronics Semiconductor physics and devices Soil physics Solid state physics Space physics Spintronics Superconductors
Outline_of_applied_physics
In soil science, pedotransfer functions (PTF) are predictive functions of certain soil properties using data from soil surveys. The term pedotransfer
Pedotransfer_function
American agricultural scientist (1848–1911)
of soil science. He has been called the father of soil physics in the United States. King left Wisconsin to become chief of the Division of Soil Management
Franklin_Hiram_King
Green, W. H., and G. A. Ampt (1911), Studies on soil physics, 1, The flow of air and water through soils, J. Agric. Sci., 4(1), 1–24. Ogden, F. L., W. Lai
Finite water-content vadose zone flow method
Finite_water-content_vadose_zone_flow_method
Agronomist and World Food Prize laureate (1930–2021)
sciences from Rutgers University. In 1957 he completed his doctorate in soil physics and ecology at Hebrew University of Jerusalem, followed by two years
Daniel_Hillel
Zone between the saturated and unsaturated zones
Infiltration (hydrology) – Process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. Phreatic – Term used in several scientific disciplines Phreatic zone – Zone
Epiphreatic_zone
Biological phenomenon
from moist to dry soils via subterranean networks. It occurs in vascular plants that commonly have roots in both wet and dry soils, especially plants
Hydraulic_redistribution
Subatomic particle with no charge
the Sun. Neutron properties and interactions are described by nuclear physics. Neutrons are not elementary particles; each is composed of three quarks
Neutron
Hydrologic simulation software suite
are also used in classrooms of many universities in courses covering Soil Physics, Processes in the Vadose Zone, or Vadose Zone Hydrology. A selected list
Hydrus_(software)
liquefaction - Soil management - Soil mechanics - Soil moisture - Soil moisture sensors - Soil nailing - Soil organic matter - Soil pH - Soil physics - Soil policy
Index of soil-related articles
Index_of_soil-related_articles
Rain that is unusually acidic
soil composition by stripping it of nutrients such as calcium and magnesium which play a critical role in plant growth and maintaining healthy soil.
Acid_rain
Propensity of a medium to attract or repel liquid
the true sorptivity required numerical iterative procedures dependent on soil water content and diffusivity. John R. Philip (1969) showed that sorptivity
Sorptivity
Dutch scientist, engineer, and applied mathematician
mathematician known for his work in the earth sciences: surface hydrology, soil physics, hydrogeophysics, hydrometeorology, and geophysics. Vrugt is a professor
Jasper_A._Vrugt
Integral energy is the amount of energy required to remove water from soil with an initial water content θ i {\displaystyle \theta _{i}} to water content
Integral_energy
Engineering discipline focused on physical infrastructure
its history is intricately linked to advances in the understanding of physics and mathematics throughout history. Because civil engineering is a broad
Civil_engineering
Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands ecoregion of the United States
protected prairies The Nature Conservancy (TNC) Connemara Conservancy Soil Physics at Oklahoma State Weeds of the Blackland Prairie Texas counties map showing
Central Great Plains (ecoregion)
Central_Great_Plains_(ecoregion)
Soil moisture content measuring instrument
for measuring soil moisture content. The instrument has an oscillating circuit, the sensing part of the sensor is embedded in the soil, and the operating
Frequency_domain_sensor
correlation to electric and dielectric properties of materials, such as soil, agrarian products, snow, wood or concrete. Measurement usually involves
TDR_moisture_sensor
SahysMod is a computer program for the prediction of the salinity of soil moisture, groundwater and drainage water, the depth of the watertable, and the
SahysMod
Overview of and topical guide to natural science
Agrophysics – study of physics applied to agroecosystems Soil physics – study of soil physical properties and processes. Atmospheric physics – study of the application
Outline_of_natural_science
Measure of field capacity
treatment is its moisture equivalent. This concept is no longer used in soil physics and has been replaced by field capacity. Lyman Briggs and Homer LeRoy
Moisture_equivalent
Arrangement of a soil's particles and pore spaces
1979, Soil Physics, Cambridge University Press Soil Survey Division Staff (1993). "Examination and Description of Soils". Handbook 18. Soil survey manual
Soil_structure
Topics referred to by the same term
People (or person) with Parkinson's disease Permanent wilting point, in soil physics, the minimum water content for plants to not wilt Plasticized white phosphorus
PWP
Saturation of soil with water
tophydroponicgarden.com/. Hillel, Daniel (2004). Introduction to Environmental Soil Physics. United States of America: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 441. ISBN 0-12-348655-6
Waterlogging_(agriculture)
Branch of applied mathematics
Introduction to Environmental Soil Physics (1 ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 9780123486554. Liu, Cheng; Ph.D, Jack Evett (2008-04-16). Soil Properties: Testing, Measurement
Geomathematics
like the neutron probe where an access tube made of PVC is installed in the soil; probes can also be modular (comb-like) and connected to a logger. The sensing
Capacitance_probe
Subsurface layer in which groundwater seeps up from a water table by capillary action
If the pore size is small and relatively uniform, it is possible that soils can be completely saturated with water for several feet above the water
Capillary_fringe
Process of soil formation
Soil formation, also known as pedogenesis, is the process of soil genesis as regulated by the effects of place, environment, and history. Biogeochemical
Soil_formation
Equation used in drainage design
drains, depth of the watertable, depth and hydraulic conductivity of the soils. It is used in drainage design. A well known steady-state drainage equation
Drainage_equation
Genetic, cell and molecular toxicology Charles Arizechukwu Igwe Soil conservation / soil physics James Chukwuma Ogbonna Fermentation technology and bioprocess
List of fellows of the Nigerian Academy of Science
List_of_fellows_of_the_Nigerian_Academy_of_Science
Cavities in soil larger than 75 μm
In soil, macropores are defined as cavities that are larger than 75 μm. Functionally, pores of this size host preferential soil solution flow and rapid
Macropore
Study of the interaction of soil and life
Soil ecology studies interactions among soil organisms and their environment. It is a branch of ecology particularly concerned with the cycling of nutrients
Soil_ecology
Volume occupied by liquid and gas phases in a soil
The pore space of soil contains the liquid and gas phases of soil, i.e., everything but the solid phase that contains mainly minerals of varying sizes
Pore_space_in_soil
Species of tree
publ. ISBN 978-1-84246-403-8. Hillel, Daniel I. (1998). Environmental soil physics. San Diego (Calif.): Academic press. ISBN 978-0-12-348525-0. Hepper,
Avicennia_germinans
SOIL PHYSICS
SOIL PHYSICS
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Soil; Dust
Boy/Male
Muslim
Soil, Dust
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
A Friend; Soft Natured
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Christian, Hebrew, Irish, Latin, Swedish
Peaceful; Prayed for; Sun
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Earth; Soil
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Made by Soil
Male
Greek
 Short form of Greek SolomÅn, SOL means "peaceable." Compare with another form of Sol.
Boy/Male
Latin American Hebrew
Sun.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Soil
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Soil
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Moon; Good Character
Boy/Male
Indian
Soil; Soft
Boy/Male
Latin
Of the forest.
Girl/Female
Egyptian
Soil.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Soule.
Male
English
 Short form of English Solomon, SOL means "peaceable." Compare with another form of Sol.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Love to Meet different persons, A friend
Boy/Male
Arabic, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Muslim, Parsi, Telugu
Beautiful; Moon Glow; Star; Moon Light
Female
Spanish
Spanish name derived from the Latin word sol, SOL means "sun." This was a common name for Spanish girls in the Middle Ages. Compare with masculine Sol.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Beautiful
SOIL PHYSICS
SOIL PHYSICS
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English, French
Spear Servant
Boy/Male
Hindu
Sri means Lord Lakshmi Devi, Dasaroop means Lord venkateswara Swami Sahasra namalu
Female
Hungarian
Hungarian form of German Hilda, ILDIKÓ means "battle."
Biblical
God lives; the life of God
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Bright Minded
Boy/Male
Australian, Biblical, French, German, Italian
Twin; Italian Form of Thomas
Boy/Male
Biblical
Admirable, hidden.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Twins, Zodiac sign of gemini
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Melodious Sounds
Boy/Male
Tamil
Small
SOIL PHYSICS
SOIL PHYSICS
SOIL PHYSICS
SOIL PHYSICS
SOIL PHYSICS
v. i.
See Soul, v. i.
v.
To render turbid by stirring up the dregs or sediment of; as, to roil wine, cider, etc. , in casks or bottles; to roil a spring.
v. t.
To defile; to soil.
n.
Dung; faeces; compost; manure; as, night soil.
n.
A leaf or very thin sheet of metal; as, brass foil; tin foil; gold foil.
n.
Anything resembling a sail, or regarded as a sail.
n.
That which soils or pollutes; a soiled place; spot; stain.
v. i.
To soil one's self with severe labor; to work with painful effort; to labor; to toil; to drudge.
n.
The leader; the inspirer; the moving spirit; the heart; as, the soul of an enterprise; an able general is the soul of his army.
v. t.
To blunt; to dull; to spoil; as, to foil the scent in chase.
v. t.
To smear or rub over with oil; to lubricate with oil; to anoint with oil.
n.
To make dirty or unclean on the surface; to foul; to dirty; to defile; as, to soil a garment with dust.
n.
To set sail; to begin a voyage.
v. t.
To render useless by injury; to injure fatally; to ruin; to destroy; as, to spoil paper; to have the crops spoiled by insects; to spoil the eyes by reading.
v. t.
To enrich with soil or muck; to manure.
v. t.
To feed, as cattle or horses, in the barn or an inclosure, with fresh grass or green food cut for them, instead of sending them out to pasture; hence (such food having the effect of purging them), to purge by feeding on green food; as, to soil a horse.
v. i.
To become soiled; as, light colors soil sooner than dark ones.
v. t.
To daub; to make dirty; to soil; to defile.
v. t.
To indue with a soul; to furnish with a soul or mind.
n.
Fig.: Entanglement; toil; mesh; perplexity.