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Common human medical data ranges for blood test results
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from
Reference ranges for blood tests
Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests
Reference ranges for urine tests are described below: Reference range Reference ranges for blood tests Simerville JA, Maxted WC, Pahira JJ (March 2005)
Reference ranges for urine tests
Reference_ranges_for_urine_tests
Measured values that are relatively normal for a particular medical test
of test results for a particular patient. Some important reference ranges in medicine are reference ranges for blood tests and reference ranges for urine
Reference_range
Laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample
a visual test for blood left at crime scenes. Reference ranges for blood tests Schumm test – Test for blood mismatch Category:Blood tests List of medical
Blood_test
Blood test
human adult blood should contain 7 to 18 mg/dL (0.388 to 1 mmol/L) of urea nitrogen. Individual laboratories may have different reference ranges, as they
Blood_urea_nitrogen
Class of enzymes
Creatinine is not a substrate or a product of the enzyme. Reference ranges for blood tests CPK-MB test Bong SM, Moon JH, Nam KH, Lee KS, Chi YM, Hwang KY (November
Creatine_kinase
Biomarkers relevant to heart function
myocardial infarction Reference ranges for blood tests § Cardiac tests Rao SP, Miller S, Rosenbaum R, Lakier JB (2019). "Opportunities for microRNAs in the
Cardiac_marker
Medical diagnostic method
MCHC Reference ranges for blood tests § Ions and trace metals, for reference ranges for tests above Iron Level Blood Test - Personal Home Medical Tests -
Iron_tests
Blood tests indicating the state of the liver
is used for estimating damage to cardiac tissue, although troponin and creatine kinase tests are preferred. Reference ranges for blood tests Elevated
Liver_function_tests
Polyatomic anion
acid Carbon dioxide Carbonate Carbonic anhydrase Hard water Arterial blood gas test Henderson–Hasselbalch equation "hydrogencarbonate (CHEBI:17544)". Chemical
Bicarbonate
Type of cells of the immunological system
PMID 5635603. S2CID 45703201. Specific references are found in article Reference ranges for blood tests#White blood cells 2. Wikimedia Commons has media
White_blood_cell
Measure of hemoglobin concentration in red blood cells
volume of packed red blood cell. It is calculated by dividing the hemoglobin by the hematocrit. Reference ranges for blood tests are 32 to 36 g/dL (320
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
Mean_corpuscular_hemoglobin_concentration
Breakdown product of creatine phosphate
ISBN 978-0-323-37143-8. OCLC 228373703. "What Is a Creatinine Blood Test? Low & High Ranges". Medicinenet.com. Archived from the original on 21 September
Creatinine
Liquid component of blood
blood cells. Blood plasma and blood serum are often used in blood tests. Tests can be done on plasma, serum or both. In addition, some tests have to be
Blood_plasma
Collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid
Thyroid function tests (TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought
Thyroid_function_tests
Type of white blood cell
type of white blood cell. Basophils are the least common type of granulocyte, representing about 0.5% to 1% of circulating white blood cells. They are
Basophil
Medical condition
original on 7 September 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2018. Specific references are found in article Reference ranges for blood tests#White blood cells 2.
Leukopenia
Variety of white blood cells
commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain
Eosinophil
Medical blood test to measure transferrin
sometimes transferrin iron-binding capacity is a medical laboratory test that measures the blood's capacity to bind iron with transferrin. Transferrin can bind
Total_iron-binding_capacity
Subtype of white blood cell
lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the immune system of most vertebrates. Lymphocytes include T cells (for cell-mediated and cytotoxic
Lymphocyte
Medical lab value of bound serum iron
average 25%. Reference ranges depend on multiple factors like age, sex, race and test devices. Most laboratories define “normal” as max. 30% for female and
Transferrin_saturation
High triglyceride blood levels
occur. The diagnosis is made on blood tests, often performed as part of screening. Once diagnosed, other blood tests are usually required to determine
Hypertriglyceridemia
Measure of concentration of a chemical
C/NA = 6×1016 L−1/6×1023 mol−1 = 10−7 mol/L = 100 nmol/L. Reference ranges for blood tests, sorted by molar concentration: Molality Normality Orders of
Molar_concentration
Organic acid
doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.06.012. PMC 3975915. PMID 24079682. Blood Test Results – Normal Ranges Archived 2 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine Bloodbook
Lactic_acid
Subtype of leukocytes
Monocytes are a type of leukocyte or white blood cell. They are the largest type of leukocyte in the blood and can differentiate into macrophages and
Monocyte
Family of globular proteins
the blood. The serum protein electrophoresis test measures the number of proteins in the serum part of a blood sample. The normal ranges to check for the
Globulin
Comparison of a wide range of molar concentrations
1016/0012-821X(90)90060-B. ISSN 0012-821X. Reference ranges for blood tests "Erythrocyte Count (RBC): Reference Range, Interpretation, Collection and Panels"
Orders of magnitude (molar concentration)
Orders_of_magnitude_(molar_concentration)
Medical procedure
and urea In vitro tests can be classified according to the location of the sample being tested, including: Blood tests Urine tests, including naked eye
Medical_test
In blood banking, the fractions of Whole Blood used for transfusion are also called components. Reference ranges for common blood tests "Harmonisation
List of human blood components
List_of_human_blood_components
Blood test assessing vital organ health
provides ranges considered within normal limits, though optimal levels may vary by individual. Compare also the ranges given at Reference ranges for blood tests
Comprehensive_metabolic_panel
Blood test that measures amounts of dissolved gas
metabolic disorder. These are typical reference ranges, although various analysers and laboratories may employ different ranges. Contamination of the sample with
Arterial_blood_gas_test
Derived from mass values using molar mass of 40.08 g•mol−1 Blood Test Results – Normal Ranges Archived 2 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine Bloodbook
Calcium_in_biology
Routine laboratory test of blood cells
comparing them to reference ranges, which vary with sex and age. Conditions like anemia and thrombocytopenia are defined by abnormal complete blood count results
Complete_blood_count
Sterol biosynthesized by all animal cells
to two years, and an annual test should be performed for seniors over the age of 65. After 12 hours of fasting, a blood sample is taken by a healthcare
Cholesterol
Antibody directed against an autogenic protein
for different diseases. Anti-glutamate receptor antibodies Reference ranges for blood tests#Autoantibodies Paraneoplastic syndrome Wang, Ruyuan; Lan, Caini;
Autoantibody
Chloride in organisms
Dietary Reference Intake recommends a daily intake of between 2300 and 3600 mg/day for 25-year-old males. "Blood (Serum) Chloride Level Test". Archived
Serum_chloride
Type of white blood cell
stated normal range for human blood counts varies between laboratories, but a neutrophil count of 2.5–7.5 × 109/L is a standard normal range. People of African
Neutrophil
Diagnostic tool used in urinalysis
of red blood cells is not detected. Therefore, chemical tests for hemoglobin provide the most accurate mean for determining the presence of blood. Once
Urine_test_strip
Red pigment of the bile
excretion. Blood test results are advised to always be interpreted using the reference range provided by the laboratory that performed the test. The SI units
Bilirubin
Too much blood sugar, usually because of diabetes
Αlpha-Amylase Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor Cinnamon Prediabetes Reference ranges for blood tests Mouri, Michelle; Badireddy, Madhu (2024), "Hyperglycemia",
Hyperglycemia
Simplest of the alpha-keto acids
Several salts of pyruvate have been examined by X-ray crystallography. These tests confirm that pyruvate anion also exists in the keto form. As a simple, abundant
Pyruvic_acid
Measure of red blood cell volume variation as part of a standard blood test
variation in size. Normal reference range of RDW-CV in human red blood cells is 11.5–15.4%. If anemia is observed, RDW test results are often used together
Red blood cell distribution width
Red_blood_cell_distribution_width
Medical diagnostic method
medical laboratory test that measures the amount of circulating iron that is bound to transferrin and freely circulate in the blood. Clinicians order this
Serum_iron
Volume percentage of red blood cells in blood
additional fluid in blood. This could potentially lead to a small drop in hematocrit levels. Blood tests Hematology Reference ranges for blood tests Mondal H, Lotfollahzadeh
Hematocrit
Medical diagnostic test
ensure the correct anticoagulant-to-blood ratio: one part anticoagulant per nine parts blood. The reference ranges of the thrombin clotting time is generally
Thrombin_time
Medical condition
electrolyte disorder in which there is a high level of magnesium in the blood. Symptoms include weakness, confusion, decreased breathing rate, and decreased
Hypermagnesemia
Form of hemoglobin chemically linked to a sugar
single test. HbA1c is measured primarily to determine the three-month average blood sugar level and is used as a standard diagnostic test for evaluating
Glycated_hemoglobin
Class of enzymes
1.336.372. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00303.2003. PMID 14559724. Blood Test Results – Normal Ranges Archived 2012-11-02 at the Wayback Machine Bloodbook.Com Nöhring
Lactate_dehydrogenase
Primary male sex hormone
Orwoll E, Wu F, Kaufman JM, Wang Y, et al. (April 2017). "Harmonized Reference Ranges for Circulating Testosterone Levels in Men of Four Cohort Studies in
Testosterone
Autoantibodies
Novel assays may be useful for monitoring disease activity and effects of RA therapy. The reference ranges for blood tests of anti–citrullinated protein
Anti–citrullinated protein antibody
Anti–citrullinated_protein_antibody
Testing to identify incompatibilities between blood types
Blood compatibility testing is conducted in a medical laboratory to identify potential incompatibilities between blood group systems in blood transfusion
Blood_compatibility_testing
Blood test
and compared against reference ranges to determine whether the values are normal, low, or high. Changes in the amounts of white blood cells can aid in the
White_blood_cell_differential
Parameter representing the concentration of protein
on automated analysers along with other laboratory tests.[citation needed] The reference range for total protein is typically 60-80g/L. (It is also sometimes
Serum_total_protein
Metric of alcohol concentration in blood
Blood alcohol content (BAC), also known as blood alcohol concentration or blood alcohol level, is the concentration of alcohol in a person's blood, measured
Blood_alcohol_content
Medical condition
the reference range. There are two categories of AFP tests: tests performed on serum (blood plasma), and tests performed on amniotic fluid. Tests performed
Elevated_alpha-fetoprotein
Medical specialty
results for a particular patient. Some important reference ranges in medicine are reference ranges for blood tests and reference ranges for urine tests. Pathology
Clinical_pathology
Test to detect bloodstream infections
A blood culture is a medical laboratory test used to detect bacteria or fungi in a person's blood. Under normal conditions, the blood does not contain
Blood_culture
Esters of fatty acid or triglycerides
consumption of saturated fat is generally considered a risk factor for dyslipidemia—abnormal blood lipid levels, including high total cholesterol, high levels
Fat
Fluid and solute component of blood
used in numerous diagnostic tests as well as blood typing. Measuring the concentration of various molecules can be useful for many applications, such as
Serum_(blood)
Portable blood test device
test Reference ranges for blood tests Schumm test Christian, Torres (July 31, 2011). "Rapid, cheap HIV test finds success as first of its kind tested in
MChip
Medical diagnostic method
the heart, kidneys, etc. Method of blood collection, including any difficulty doing so Reference ranges for blood tests of plasma renin activity can be given
Plasma_renin_activity
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
protein in the blood, and in addition plays a role in iron metabolism. It was first described in 1948. Another protein, hephaestin, is noted for its homology
Ceruloplasmin
Ratio used to determine abnormal androgen status
ranges are based on this. As with any laboratory measurement, however, it is vital that results are compared against the reference range quoted for that
Free_androgen_index
Array of tests performed on urine
is a panel of medical tests that includes physical (macroscopic) examination of the urine, chemical evaluation using urine test strips, and microscopic
Urinalysis
Pituitary hormone
on the order of minutes.[citation needed] The half-life of ACTH in human blood is reported to be between ten and 30 minutes. ACTH consists of 39 amino
Adrenocorticotropic_hormone
Class of organic compounds
an indication of blood glucose levels over the previous week. Many direct-to-consumer lab testing companies sell fructosamine tests. In diabetes, maintaining
Fructosamine
One of the two types of white blood cells
or mononuclear leukocytes) are one of the two types of leukocytes (white blood cells), the other type being granulocytes. Agranular cells are noted by
Agranulocyte
Medical intervention
Cardiology Reference ranges for common blood tests Medical technologist Gerald, F; Philip, A; Kligfield, P; et al. (August 2013). "Exercise Standards for Testing
Cardiology diagnostic tests and procedures
Cardiology_diagnostic_tests_and_procedures
Technical analysis of a biological specimen
officers testing for the presence and concentration of alcohol (ethanol) in the blood commonly referred to as BAC (blood alcohol content). BAC tests are typically
Drug_test
Test used to estimate blood sugar levels
Glucose tests are thus often used to diagnose such conditions. Tests that can be performed at home are used in blood glucose monitoring for illnesses
Glucose_test
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
mediate the transport of iron (Fe) through blood plasma. They are produced in the liver and contain binding sites for two Fe3+ ions. Human transferrin is encoded
Transferrin
American chemist (1948–1997)
their respective toxic thresholds of 200 μg/L and 50 μg/L (blood and urine reference ranges are 1 to 8 μg/L and 1 to 5 μg/L). Despite aggressive chelation
Karen_Wetterhahn
Class of enzymes
of activity of these enzymes may be used to ascertain biological demand for phosphates in the soil. Some plant roots, especially cluster roots, exude
Acid_phosphatase
Estimate of an interval in which future observations will fall
reference ranges, such as reference ranges for blood tests to give an idea of whether a blood test is normal or not. For this purpose, the most commonly used
Prediction_interval
is a blood test that usually appears on a "Chem 19" or an electrolyte panel. The value measures the total dissolved Carbon dioxide (CO 2) in blood. It
CO2_content
Physiological quantity
which red blood cells in anticoagulated whole blood descend in a standardized tube over a period of one hour. It is a common hematology test, and is a
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate
Concentration of glucose present in the blood (Glycaemia)
For serum glucose in mg/dL, reference ranges of 42 to 75 for cows, 44 to 81 for sheep, and 48 to 76 for goats, but 61 to 124 for cats; 62 to 108 for dogs
Blood_sugar_level
Blood test that evaluates clotting
normalized ratio (INR) – is an assay for evaluating the extrinsic pathway and common pathway of coagulation. This blood test is also called protime INR and
Prothrombin_time
Marker on immune cells
remains at 300–500/mm3, then the tests can be done annually. It is not necessary to schedule CD4 counts with viral load tests and the two should be done independently
CD4
Component of blood test
measurement of the average size of platelets found in blood and is typically included in blood tests as part of the CBC. Since the average platelet size
Mean_platelet_volume
Presumptive serological test for enteric fever or undulant fever
consistent with a typhoid infection. The normal Widal ranges are 1:20 and 1:80, these are in the normal range; anything more is a concern and medical consultation
Widal_test
Tubular structure carrying blood
thermoregulation. The size of blood vessels is different for each of them. It ranges from a diameter of about 30–25 millimeters for the aorta to only about
Blood_vessel
Medical device for determining the concentration of glucose in the blood
as a "glucometer", is a medical device for determining the approximate concentration of glucose in the blood. It can also be a strip of glucose paper
Glucose_meter
Human glycoprotein that binds to androgens and estrogens
was downregulation of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4). Reference ranges for blood tests for SHBG have been developed: SHBG levels are decreased by androgens
Sex_hormone–binding_globulin
Testing for diseases or conditions in a fetus
nasal bone determination screen. The available blood tests from the first trimester screen can test for plasma protein A and human chorionic gonadotropin
Prenatal_testing
Area of clinical pathology that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily fluids
– mostly for detection of gastrointestinal disorders. Reference ranges for common blood tests Medical technologist Clinical Biochemistry (journal) Bishop
Clinical_chemistry
Fibrin degradation product present in the blood after a thrombus
need for unnecessary tests in those who are high-probability. Performing the D-dimer test first can avoid a significant proportion of imaging tests and
D-dimer
Blood withdrawal for use by another person via transfusion
plasma donor types. Most blood is tested for diseases, including some STDs. The tests used are high-sensitivity screening tests and no actual diagnosis
Blood_donation
Ways of assessing the function of the kidneys
the day, as 24-hour urine tests.[citation needed] Blood tests are also used to assess kidney function. These include tests that are intended to directly
Assessment_of_kidney_function
Medical diagnostic method
therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors, e. g. ipilimumab. Thyroid function tests Thyrotroph Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity Index Thyroid's secretory capacity
Jostel's_TSH_index
Mammalian protein found in humans
in the blood at very low levels. The reference range of less than 4 ng/mL for the first commercial PSA test, the Hybritech Tandem-R PSA test released
Prostate-specific_antigen
Form of pathologic analysis
elements of the blood, including platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. While much information can be gleaned by testing the blood itself (drawn
Bone_marrow_examination
Reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen due to a lack of iron
increase the risk of iron deficiency anemia. Diagnosis is confirmed by blood tests. Iron deficiency anemia can be prevented by eating a diet containing
Iron-deficiency_anemia
Type of blood collection equipment for medical testing
A vacutainer blood collection tube is a sterile glass or plastic test tube with a colored rubber stopper creating a vacuum seal inside of the tube, facilitating
Vacutainer
Epic historical novel by Cormac McCarthy
Blood Meridian or the Evening Redness in the West (known simply and more commonly as Blood Meridian) is a 1985 epic historical novel by American author
Blood_Meridian
Method for early detection of pregnancy
immunological pregnancy tests were developed in the 1960s, women relied on urine-based pregnancy tests using animals, ranging from mice to frogs. Advancements
Pregnancy_tests_using_animals
Observation of a disease, condition or one or several medical parameters over time
monitor (for example, by continuously measuring vital signs by a bedside monitor), and/or by repeatedly performing medical tests (such as blood glucose
Monitoring_(medicine)
Sex hormone
progesterone tests in dog breeding to pinpoint ovulation is becoming more widely used. There are several tests available, the most reliable being a blood test with
Progesterone
Type of cancer
The tests were successful, with some people surviving long after the tests. Observing an abnormally large number of white blood cells in a blood sample
Leukemia
Atomic weapons tests in Australia, 1956–1963
Maralinga site was also used for minor trials, tests of nuclear weapons components not involving nuclear explosions. The tests codenamed "Kittens" were trials
British nuclear tests at Maralinga
British_nuclear_tests_at_Maralinga
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