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Precursor of a hormone
A prohormone is a committed precursor of a hormone consisting of peptide hormones synthesized together that has a minimal hormonal effect by itself because
Prohormone
Prohormone of an anabolic-androgenic steroid
An androgen prohormone, or proandrogen, is a prohormone (or prodrug) of an anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS). They can be prohormones of testosterone
Androgen_prohormone
Chemical compound
7-oxo-DHEA), also known as 7-oxoprasterone, is a steroid prohormone produced by metabolism of the prohormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). 7-Keto-DHEA is not
7-Keto-DHEA
Class of enzymes
as therapeutic targets for some of these diseases. The phenomenon of prohormone conversion was discovered by Donald F. Steiner while examining the biosynthesis
Proprotein_convertase
Proprotein convertase 1, also known as prohormone convertase, prohormone convertase 3, or neuroendocrine convertase 1 and often abbreviated as PC1/3 is
Proprotein_convertase_1
American organic chemist (1966–2026)
an amateur bodybuilder, initially gaining notoriety as "the Father of Prohormones." Arnold was born July 10, 1966, and grew up in Guilford, Connecticut
Patrick_Arnold
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Proprotein convertase 2 (PC2) also known as prohormone convertase 2 or neuroendocrine convertase 2 (NEC2) is a serine protease and proprotein convertase
Proprotein_convertase_2
Chemical compound
17α-Hydroxypregnenolone is considered a prohormone in the formation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), itself a prohormone of the sex steroids. This conversion
17α-Hydroxypregnenolone
Precursor protein to one or more prohormones
A preprohormone is the precursor protein to one or more prohormones, which are in turn precursors to peptide hormones. In general, the protein consists
Preprohormone
Precursor of a hormone
N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP or BNPT) is a 76 amino acid long protein that is cleaved from the N-terminal end of the 108
N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide
N-terminal_prohormone_of_brain_natriuretic_peptide
Prohormone-processing protease
Kexin (EC 3.4.21.61) is a prohormone-processing protease, specifically a yeast serine peptidase, found in the budding yeast (S. cerevisiae). It catalyzes
Kexin
Index of chemical compounds with the same name
and estrogen and intermediate to/prohormone of testosterone 5-Androstenedione (androst-5-ene-3,17-dione) – a prohormone of testosterone and hence an anabolic-androgenic
Androstenedione (disambiguation)
Androstenedione_(disambiguation)
Superphylum of protostomes
the cuticle – without mitosis in the epidermis – under control of the prohormone ecdysone, and internal fertilization. The group was initially contested
Ecdysozoa
Class of drugs
A notable exception to this are AAS that are androgen precursors or prohormones, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenediol, androstenedione
Anabolic_steroid
Synthetic, orally active anabolic steroid
androgen prohormone of nandrolone and of other 19-norandrostanes. 19-Nor-5-androstenedione, 19-nor-5-androstenediol, and other 19-norandrostane prohormones were
19-Nor-5-androstenedione
Organic chemical compound
11-dione, is an endogenous, naturally occurring steroid and androgen prohormone that is produced primarily, if not exclusively, in the adrenal glands
11-Ketodihydrotestosterone
Mammalian hormone released from the pituitary gland
argipressin, is a hormone synthesized from the AVP gene as a peptide prohormone in neurons in the hypothalamus, and is converted to AVP. It then travels
Vasopressin
Chemical compound
5α-androst-1-ene-3β,17β-diol, also known as 4,5α-dihydro-δ1-4-androstenediol, is a prohormone of 1-testosterone (Δ1-DHT). It has been used as a dietary supplement,
1-Androstenediol
Obesity caused by a mutation in a single gene
deficiency Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) Prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) SIM1 BDNF NTRK2 The genetic basis of monogenic
Monogenic_obesity
Dietary supplement used for bodybuilding
An androgen prohormone, or proandrogen, is a prohormone (or prodrug) of an anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS). They can be prohormones of testosterone
Bodybuilding_supplement
Hormone whose molecules are peptides
signal peptide and, in some cases, glycosylation, yielding prohormones. These prohormones are then packaged into secretory vesicles, which are stored
Peptide_hormone
Thyroid hormone
the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroxine and
Thyroxine
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
post-translational processing via cleavage by subtilisin-like enzymes known as prohormone convertases. The POMC gene is expressed in both the anterior and intermediate
Proopiomelanocortin
Substance used to improve any form of activity performance in humans
not seen as they do not bind well to androgen receptors. Examples of prohormones include norandrostendione, androstenediol, and dehydroepiandrosterone
Performance-enhancing substance
Performance-enhancing_substance
Chemical compound
be sold online until the 2014 prohormone ban as generic versions known as clones. Although CDMA was sold as a "prohormone" or "prosteroid" of
Chlorodehydromethylandrostenediol
Chlorodehydromethylandrostenediol
Mammalian protein found in humans
primarily by the chief cells of the parathyroid glands, PTH is a polypeptide prohormone (precursor to a hormone) consisting of 84 amino acids and has a molecular
Parathyroid_hormone
Chemical compound
synthetic, orally active anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS). It is an androgen prohormone of 1-testosterone (dihydroboldenone), 1-androstenedione, and other 1-dehydrogenated
1-Dehydroepiandrosterone
factors in hemostasis and fibrinolysis, carrier proteins, hormones, prohormones and apolipoprotein: All plasma proteins except Gamma-globulins are synthesised
Proteins produced and secreted by the liver
Proteins_produced_and_secreted_by_the_liver
Precursor protein in humans
Proinsulin is the prohormone precursor to insulin made in the beta cells of the Pancreatic Islets, specialized regions of the pancreas. In humans, proinsulin
Proinsulin
Chemical compound
the production of estrogens from anabolic steroids or prohormones. It also acts as a prohormone to 4-hydroxytestosterone, an active steroid which displays
Formestane
Gastrointestinal peptide hormone involved in glucose homeostasis
pancreas (α-cells of the islets of Langerhans), proglucagon is cleaved by prohormone convertase (PC) 2 producing glicentin-related pancreatic peptide (GRPP)
Glucagon-like_peptide-1
Canadian medical researcher
from large precursor proteins. In 1967, Chrétien first articulated the prohormone theory, proposing that peptide hormones are produced from larger precursors
Michel_Chrétien
Chemical compound
metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. Production of T3 and its prohormone thyroxine (T4) is activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which
Triiodothyronine
Medical usage of the prasterone compound
headaches, insomnia, and others. The compound is a naturally occurring prohormone of androgens and estrogens and hence is an agonist of the androgen and
Prasterone
Chemical compound
androgen/anabolic steroid nandrolone (19-nortestosterone) and the androgen prohormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, or more specifically 5-DHEA). Related compounds
19-Nordehydroepiandrosterone
Hormone secreted in the heart
BNP-32 is secreted attached to a 76–amino acid N-terminal fragment in the prohormone called NT-proBNP (BNPT), which is biologically inactive. Once released
Brain_natriuretic_peptide_32
Chemical compound
This then undergoes spontaneous isomerization into cholecalciferol, the prohormone of the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol. The synthesis of previtamin
Previtamin_D3
Chemical compound
isomer of the endogenous steroid 4-androstenedione and acts as an androgen prohormone of 1-testosterone (4,5α-dihydro-δ1-testosterone), a derivative of dihydrotestosterone
1-Androstenedione
Chemical compound
available without prescription in United States, where it was marketed as a prohormone, but it is now classified as a Schedule III drug. It is also banned from
Bolandione
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
encoded by the PAM gene. This transformation is achieved by conversion of a prohormone to the corresponding amide (C(=O)NH2). This enzyme is the only known pathway
Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Peptidylglycine_alpha-amidating_monooxygenase
Endogenous weak androgen
like estrone, in the body. In addition to functioning as an endogenous prohormone, androstenedione also has weak androgenic activity in its own right. [citation
Androstenedione
Substance with biological function
possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone
Steroid_hormone
Essential nutrient
in the liver at position 25 (upper right of the molecule) to form the prohormone calcifediol, also referred to as 25(OH)D). This reaction is catalyzed
Vitamin_D
Corticosteroid precursor and metabolite of cortisol
mineralocorticoid. Cortisone itself is inactive and instead acts as a prodrug or prohormone of cortisol (hydrocortisone), which is responsible for its biological
Cortisone
Chemical compound
in 2005 when it was introduced as a "dietary supplement" and putative prohormone under the name Promagnon by an online vendor called Peak Performance Laboratories
Chloromethylandrostenediol
French biochemist and endocrinologist (1926–2025)
Baulieu also worked to determine if dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) was a prohormone and if it and other hormonal substitutions also increased longevity in
Étienne-Émile_Baulieu
Chemical compound
group that was never introduced for medical use. It is thought to be a prohormone of dienolone. The drug became a controlled substance in the US on January
Dienedione
Biological signalling molecule
released into the bloodstream already fully active. Other hormones, called prohormones, must be activated in certain cells through a series of steps that are
Hormone
Human hair color
Creemers JW, et al. (August 2002). "A missense mutation disrupting a dibasic prohormone processing site in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) increases susceptibility
Red_hair
Enlargement of the heart muscle
I (May 2020). "Effect of feline characteristics on plasma N-terminal-prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide concentration and comparison of a point-of-care
Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy
Pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme (EC 3.4.23.17, prohormone converting enzyme, pro-opiomelanocortin-converting enzyme, proopiomelanocortin proteinase
Pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme
Pro-opiomelanocortin_converting_enzyme
Chemical compound
active 17α-alkylated AAS and a derivative of the endogenous androgen prohormone androstenediol. Methandriol has been used in the treatment of breast cancer
Methandriol
Nigerian sprinter (born 1990)
banned after failing a drugs test and testing positive for testosterone prohormone in her 'A' sample. She waived the right to have her B sample analysed
Folashade_Abugan
Chemical compound
Trenavar), also known as estra-4,9,11-triene-3,17-dione, is an androgen prohormone as well as metabolite of the anabolic steroid trenbolone. Trendione is
Trendione
Chemical compound
androgen prohormone of nandrolone and of other 19-norandrostanes. 19-Nor-5-androstenediol, 19-nor-5-androstenedione, and other 19-norandrostane prohormones were
19-Nor-5-androstenediol
Chemical compound
dienolone, also known as 19-nor-4,9-androstadienedione) is thought to be a prohormone of dienolone, while methyldienolone and ethyldienolone are orally active
Dienolone
Chemical compound
(adrenosterone). 11-Ketoandrostenedione has notably been sold online as an androgen prohormone, usually under the name 11-oxoandrostenedione (11-OXO). Testosterone
11-Ketotestosterone
Medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone
is orally active. In addition to ester and ether prodrugs, androgen prohormones or precursors of testosterone, such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
Testosterone_(medication)
Chemical compound
and a derivative of 19-nortestosterone (nandrolone). It may act as a prohormone of trestolone (7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone; MENT). MENT dione has been
7α-Methyl-19-norandrostenedione
7α-Methyl-19-norandrostenedione
Precursor of an insect hormone
Ecdysone is the prohormone of the major insect molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone, secreted from the prothoracic glands. It is of steroidal structure.
Ecdysone
decrease AR agonist activity but render the steroid into an androgen prohormone. Examples: dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, androstenediol, bolandiol
Structure–activity relationships of anabolic steroids
Structure–activity_relationships_of_anabolic_steroids
Protein family
metamorphosis and reproduction in various species, and are all released as prohormones. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a releasing hormone found mainly
Corticotropin-releasing factor family
Corticotropin-releasing_factor_family
Chemical compound
17-dione, is an endogenous, naturally occurring steroid and androgen prohormone that is produced primarily, if not exclusively, in the adrenal glands
11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione
Polycyclic organic compound having sterane as a core structure
possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone
Steroid
Chemical compound
(17α-methyl-5α-androst-2-en-17β-ol) in chemical structure and may act as an androgen prohormone. Callies F, Arlt W, Siekmann L, Hübler D, Bidlingmaier F, Allolio B (February
5α-Androst-2-ene-17-one
Chemical compound
5-Androstenedione, also known as androst-5-ene-3,17-dione, is a prohormone of testosterone. The World Anti-Doping Agency prohibits its use in athletes
5-Androstenedione
Anti-obesity medication
Danneskiold-Samsøe N, Nguyen Q, Wiggenhorn A, Zhao M, Wang DC, et al. (March 2025). "Prohormone cleavage prediction uncovers a non-incretin anti-obesity peptide". Nature
BRINP2-related_peptide
Folashade Abugan was reported to have tested positive for Testosterone prohormone, subsequently disqualifying her results including those of the Nigerian
Athletics at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay
Athletics_at_the_2010_Commonwealth_Games_–_Women's_4_×_400_metres_relay
United States drug-regulating law
a veterinary and pediatric anesthetic; Anabolic steroids (including prohormones such as androstenedione); the specific end molecule testosterone in many
Controlled_Substances_Act
Primary female sex hormone
possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone
Estrogen
Thyroid hormone medication
form of levothyroxine with the opposite, non-natural chirality. T4 is a prohormone—a precursor to the hormone T3. While T4 is a tetraiodide, T3 is a triiodide
Levothyroxine
Inactive precursor to an enzyme
Pacifastin Proelastase Prolipase Procarboxypolypeptidases Enzyme Protein Prohormone "zymogen". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. OCLC 1032680871
Zymogen
Chemical compound
7α-methyl-19-norandrostenedione (MENT dione, trestione) (an androgen prohormone of trestolone) and dimethandrolone (7α,11β-dimethyl-19-nortestosterone)
Trestolone
Chemical compound
by a system of enzymes that activate, inactivate or simply discard the prohormone T4 and in turn functionally modify T3 and rT3. These enzymes operate under
Reverse_triiodothyronine
Topics referred to by the same term
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble prohormones. Vitamin D may also refer to: Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) 22-Dihydroergocalciferol
Vitamin_D_(disambiguation)
Peptide hormone and neuropeptide
AP (July 1989). "Post-translational processing of oxytocin-neurophysin prohormone in the ovine corpus luteum: activity of peptidyl glycine alpha-amidating
Oxytocin
Chemical compound
hormone with an extremely weak androgenic effect, and an intermediate/prohormone of 11-ketotestosterone. It was first isolated in 1936 from the adrenal
Adrenosterone
Compound Chemical name Structure Marketed Prohormone-like Prodrug Testosterone Androst-4-en-17β-ol-3-one ✓ – – 4-Hydroxytestosterone 4-Hydroxytestosterone
List of androgens and anabolic steroids
List_of_androgens_and_anabolic_steroids
Sex hormone
possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone
Progesterone
Hormone that affects blood pressure / heart rate
JM, Bloom SR (1985). "Vasoactive intestinal peptide: expression of the prohormone in bacterial cells". Peptides. 6 (Suppl 1): 95–102. doi:10.1016/0196-9781(85)90016-6
Vasoactive_intestinal_peptide
act as precursors to active hormones and may be classified as either prohormones or prehormones. It stimulate the formation of receptors of that hormone
Permissiveness (endocrinology)
Permissiveness_(endocrinology)
Chemical compound
that 4-AT will produce an anabolic effect. 4-AT is used by steroid or prohormone users to counteract estrogen level increases caused by aromatization during
4-Androstene-3,6,17-trione
Index of chemical compounds with the same name
estrogen and intermediate to/prohormone of testosterone 4-Androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol) – a weak androgen and prohormone of testosterone and hence
Androstenediol (disambiguation)
Androstenediol_(disambiguation)
Chemical compound
marketed. It is the C17α ethynyl derivative of the androgen precursor and prohormone 5-androstenediol. Ethinylandrostenediol was first synthesized in the late
Ethinylandrostenediol
Medication
of prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA), and is known to act as a prohormone of DHEA and by extension of androgens and estrogens, although it also
Prasterone_sulfate
Peptide hormone that plays a role in glycemic regulation
synthetic pro-islet amyloid polypeptide (proIAPP) 'amylin' by recombinant prohormone convertase enzymes, PC2 and PC3, in vitro". European Journal of Biochemistry
Amylin
Combination drug
antiandrogen, and prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA), an androgen prohormone and neurosteroid, which is under development for use as a birth control
Ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/prasterone
Ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/prasterone
Human hormones produced during pregnancy
peptide is cleaved to produce prorelaxin. Prohormone convertases, such as prohormone convertase-1 and prohormone convertase-2, can convert prorelaxin to
Pregnancy_hormones
Class of enzymes
NH2-terminal sequence, immunocytochemical localization, and specificity with prohormone and fluorogenic substrates". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 262
Tryptase
Neurotransmitter
S2CID 24046957. Lazarus LH, Ling N, Guillemin R (June 1976). "beta-Lipotropin as a prohormone for the morphinomimetic peptides endorphins and enkephalins". Proceedings
Leu-enkephalin
Any steroid hormone that promotes male characteristics
possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone
Androgen
Peptide hormone in mammals
endorphins that can greatly affect mood and behavior and is thus regarded as a prohormone. γ-lipotropin is the amino-terminal peptide fragment of β-lipotropin.
Lipotropin
Hormones produced by the thyroid gland
agents central to metabolic regulation. Thyroxine is believed to be a prohormone and a reservoir for the most active and main thyroid hormone, T3. T4 is
Thyroid_hormones
Jamaican-born British sprinter (born 1960)
PMID 16799098. Brown, G.A.; Vukovich, M.; King, D.S. (2006). "Testosterone prohormone supplements". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 38 (8). Medical
Linford_Christie
Chemical compound
term. The source of these estrogens is the placenta, which aromatizes prohormones produced in the fetal adrenal gland. Estradiol is used as a medication
Estradiol
Class of medications used primarily to treat high blood pressure
apparatus in the kidney. Renin activates a circulating liver derived prohormone angiotensinogen by proteolytic cleavage of all but its first ten amino
ACE_inhibitor
Class of chemical compounds
(19-nortestosterone). Esterification renders AAS into metabolism-resistant prohormones of themselves, improving oral bioavailability, increasing lipophilicity
Androgen_ester
Chemical changes in proteins following their translation from mRNA
PTMs are important components in cell signalling, as for example when prohormones are converted to hormones. Post-translational modifications can occur
Post-translational modification
Post-translational_modification
Protein hormone
bridges, and it appears related to insulin. Relaxin is produced from its prohormone, "prorelaxin", by post-translational proteolytic cleavage of its signal
Relaxin
Chemical compound
estradiol. It occurs in the body as a very long-lasting metabolite and prohormone of estradiol. The compound is one of the components that collectively
Estradiol_stearate
PROHORMONE
PROHORMONE
PROHORMONE
PROHORMONE
Girl/Female
Indian
Elevated, Lofty, Incomparable
Boy/Male
Arabic, Urdu
Servant of a Creator
Girl/Female
Muslim
Beloved, Sweetheart
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Devoted to God.
Boy/Male
Anglo, Australian, British, English
Meadow Land
Girl/Female
Tamil
Padamavati | பதமாவதீ
Goddess Lakshmi
Girl/Female
Latin
Light.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Telugu
God Name
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
God of Serpent's
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by an enclosure of some sort, such as a courtyard set back from the main street or a farmyard, from Middle English clos(e) (Old French clos, from Late Latin clausum, past participle of claudere ‘to close’).English : from Middle English clos(e) ‘secret’, applied as a nickname for a reserved or secretive person.Dutch : variant of Claeys.Altered spelling of German Klose.
PROHORMONE
PROHORMONE
PROHORMONE
PROHORMONE
PROHORMONE