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Thyroid hormone
Thyroxine, also known as tetraiodothyronine or T4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the
Thyroxine
Thyroid hormone medication
Levothyroxine, also known as L-thyroxine, is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4). It is used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency (hypothyroidism)
Levothyroxine
Insufficient production of thyroid hormones
confirmed with blood tests measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) levels. Salt iodization has prevented hypothyroidism in many populations
Hypothyroidism
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is a globulin protein encoded by the SERPINA7 gene in humans. TBG binds thyroid hormones in circulation. It is one of
Thyroxine-binding_globulin
Collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid
thyroid hormones such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, thyrotropin) and thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) depending on local laboratory policy.
Thyroid_function_tests
Endocrine gland in the neck
three hormones: the two thyroid hormones – triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) – and a peptide hormone, calcitonin. The thyroid hormones influence
Thyroid
Hormones produced by the thyroid gland
produced and released by the thyroid gland: triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). They are tyrosine-based hormones that are primarily responsible
Thyroid_hormones
Index of enzymes associated with the same name
Thyroxine deiodinase may refer to: Iodothyronine deiodinase Thyroxine 5-deiodinase This set index page lists enzyme articles associated with the same
Thyroxine_deiodinase
Enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid gland
addition onto tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin for the production of thyroxine (T4) or triiodothyronine (T3), the thyroid hormones. In humans, thyroperoxidase
Thyroid_peroxidase
Thyroid gland prepared for medical use
to verify the appropriateness of the dose. They contain a mixture of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Desiccated thyroid has been used since
Desiccated_thyroid_extract
Species of salamander
Diiodotyrosine, an analogue of the iodinated thyroglobulin precursor in thyroxine biosynthesis, causes metamorphosis in axolotls that have their thyroids
Axolotl
Autoimmune disease
autoimmune disease. Diagnosis is confirmed with blood tests for TSH, thyroxine (T4), antithyroid autoantibodies, and ultrasound. Other conditions that
Hashimoto's_thyroiditis
Serum protein related to amyloid diseases
transports the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) and retinol to the liver. This is how transthyretin gained its name: transports thyroxine and retinol. The liver
Transthyretin
Family of glycoprotein hormones in vertebrata
TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of
Thyroid-stimulating_hormone
Muscular degeneration due to overproduction of thyroxine by the thyroid
disorder that develops due to the overproduction of the thyroid hormone thyroxine. Also known as hyperthyroid myopathy, TM is one of many myopathies that
Thyrotoxic_myopathy
Biological signalling molecule
Lipid-soluble hormones must bind to carrier plasma glycoproteins (e.g., thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)) to form ligand-protein complexes. Some hormones
Hormone
Chemical compound
derived from thyroxine and triiodothyronine via the peripheral enzymatic removal of iodines from the thyroxine nucleus. Thyronine is the thyroxine nucleus
Thyronine
Autoimmune endocrine disease
TSH receptor, which stimulates the secretion of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroxine receptors in the pituitary gland are activated by
Graves'_disease
Class of enzymes
enzymes important in the activation and deactivation of thyroid hormones. Thyroxine (T4), the precursor of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) is transformed into
Iodothyronine_deiodinase
A thyroxine-binding protein is any of several transport proteins that bind thyroid hormone and carry it around the bloodstream. Examples include: Thyroxine-binding
Thyroxine-binding_proteins
Hormone-producing glands of a body
system and its disorders is known as endocrinology. The thyroid secretes thyroxine, the pituitary secretes growth hormone, the pineal secretes melatonin
Endocrine_system
Part of the neuroendocrine system
low circulating levels of thyroid hormone (Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)) and responds by releasing thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). The
Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis
Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid_axis
Class of enzymes
Thyroxine 5-deiodinase also known as type III iodothyronine deiodinase (EC number 1.21.99.3) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DIO3 gene.
Thyroxine_5-deiodinase
Excessive production of thyroid hormone
cause. Amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic drug, is structurally similar to thyroxine and may cause either under- or overactivity of the thyroid.[citation needed]
Hyperthyroidism
Chemical compound
biological half-life, which may be due to less plasma protein binding to thyroxine-binding globulin and transthyretin.[citation needed] The British Competition
Liothyronine
Endocrine disorder in cats
soybeans, inhibit the enzymes thyroid peroxidase and thyroxine 5-deiodinase. This causes decreased thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations. In response
Feline_hyperthyroidism
Chemical compound
body temperature, and heart rate. Production of T3 and its prohormone thyroxine (T4) is activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is released
Triiodothyronine
Medical condition
patients who have had the thyroid surgically removed and are not taking thyroxine. A chronically under-active thyroid can lead to slowly progressive dementia
Myxedema_psychosis
Impaired physical and mental development due to insufficient iodine intake
that in those affected, treatment with the synthetic thyroid hormone thyroxine is begun promptly. This screening and treatment successfully cures the
Congenital hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency
Congenital_hypothyroidism_due_to_iodine_deficiency
Thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth
in central CH. Treatment consists of a daily dose of thyroid hormone (thyroxine) by mouth. Because the treatment is simple, effective, and inexpensive
Congenital_hypothyroidism
Medication used to treat hyperthyroidism
hormone produced by the thyroid gland and blocking the conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3). Propylthiouracil came into medical use
Propylthiouracil
Chemical compound
production stays the same. The decreased clearance is possibly from lower thyroxine 5-deiodinase activity in the peripheral tissue or decreased liver uptake
Reverse_triiodothyronine
Substances that disrupt the production of thyroid hormones
iodide uptake by competitive inhibition and, as a consequence of reduced thyroxine and triiodothyronine secretion by the gland, cause, at low doses, an increased
Goitrogen
One of the two categories of Indigenous Australians
University study found that a beneficial mutation in two genes that regulate thyroxine, a hormone involved in regulating body metabolism, helps to regulate body
Aboriginal_Australians
Medical condition
Hyperthyroxinemia is a thyroid disease where the serum levels of thyroxine are higher than expected. Thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine (T4) is produced by the thyroid
Hyperthyroxinemia
Episodes of muscular weakness due to excess of thyroxine in the body
thought to lead to shifts of potassium into cells, under conditions of high thyroxine (thyroid hormone) levels, usually with an additional precipitant. Treatment
Thyrotoxic_periodic_paralysis
Isotope of iodine
Agonists Dextrothyroxine DIMIT DITPA Levothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroxine Tiratricol (TRIAC) Triiodothyronine Thyroid extract Thyromimetics (selective
Iodine-131
Medication used for hyperthyroidism
thyroglobulin, hence reducing the production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 (thyroxine). It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines
Carbimazole
Dog breed
methods are used to treat them. Thyroxine levels in the Greyhound are below the normal reference range for dogs; thyroxine response to thyroid-stimulating
Greyhound
Chemical compound
efficacy and side effects of the treatment of euthyroid goiter with levo-thyroxine or triiodothyroacetic acid". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88 (11): 5287–92
Tiratricol
Medical condition
hormone (TSH) deficiency leads to hypothyroidism (lack of production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in the thyroid). Typical symptoms are tiredness
Hypopituitarism
Medical condition
dietary mineral for neurodevelopment among children. The thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine contain iodine. In areas with little iodine in the
Iodine_deficiency
Class of organic compounds
in the thyroid, suppressing the synthesis of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), thereby blocking uptake of iodotyrosines from the colloid. They
Thioamide
Chemical compound
Dextrothyroxine (trade name Choloxin) is a dextrorotary isomer of thyroxine. It saw research as a cholesterol-lowering drug but was pulled due to cardiac
Dextrothyroxine
Medical diagnostic method
calculated from serum levels of thyrotropin and thyroxine, as SPINA-GT) is the maximum stimulated amount of thyroxine that the thyroid can produce in a given
Thyroid's_secretory_capacity
Antiarrhythmic medication
overactivity of the thyroid may occur. Amiodarone is structurally similar to thyroxine and also contains iodine. Both of these factors contribute to the effects
Amiodarone
Medical condition
thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Thyroxine makes up most of the thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Thyroxine
Hypothyroidism_in_dogs
Extreme hypothyroidism
typical facies, and hoarse voice. Results of the total serum thyroxine and free thyroxine index tests usually will confirm the diagnosis. Primary treatment
Myxedema
SN Class Examples 1 amino acid derivatives epinephrine and thyroxine 2 eicosanoids prostaglandins and leukotriene 3 peptide/protein insulin, growth hormone
List_of_human_hormones
Ion, and compounds containing the ion
Agonists Dextrothyroxine DIMIT DITPA Levothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroxine Tiratricol (TRIAC) Triiodothyronine Thyroid extract Thyromimetics (selective
Perchlorate
Medical condition
which may lead to clinical misdirection. In such cases, increased fecal thyroxine levels in thyrotoxicosis factitia may help differentiate it from other
Thyrotoxicosis_factitia
Medical condition
syndromes or hyperthyroidism. FDH is characterized by high levels of thyroxine (T4) and normal levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Due to the
Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia
Familial_dysalbuminemic_hyperthyroxinemia
Chemical compound
may be sold alongside other substances such as anabolic steroids and thyroxine. It may also be found as a contaminant in other bodybuilding supplements
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Order of amphibians
typically lasts only 24 hours, and is initiated by production of the hormone thyroxine. This causes different tissues to develop in different ways. The principal
Frog
Doctor and researcher
Conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in normal human subjects. Science. Braverman, L.E., Ingbar, S.H., (1970) Sterling, K. Conversion of thyroxine (T4)
Kenneth_Sterling
American biochemist (1886–1972)
glands. Kendall not only researched the adrenal glands, he also isolated thyroxine, a hormone of the thyroid gland and worked with the team that crystallized
Edward_Calvin_Kendall
Chemical compound
component of thyroxine. Since thiocyanates will decrease iodide transport into the thyroid follicular cell, they will decrease the amount of thyroxine produced
Thiocyanate
Synthetic organic compound used as dye and fluorescent tracer
solution or as sterile single-use eye drops. The thyroxine ester of fluorescein is used to quantify the thyroxine concentration in blood. Fluorescein is also
Fluorescein
Potential health issue in pregnancy
an increase in thyroxine-binding globulin, an increase in placental type 3 deiodinase, and the placental transfer of maternal thyroxine to the fetus, the
Thyroid_disease_in_pregnancy
Species of goose native to the Northern Hemisphere
March 20, 2022. John, T. M.; George, J. C. (1978). "Circulatory levels of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in the migratory Canada goose". Physiological
Canada_goose
Chemical compound
thyroglobulin, a necessary step in the synthesis of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).[citation needed] It does not inhibit the action of the sodium-dependent
Thiamazole
Common human medical data ranges for blood test results
distance to left. Substances with a molar mass around 1000g/mol (e.g. thyroxine) are almost vertically aligned in the mass and molar images. Adrenocorticotropic
Reference ranges for blood tests
Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests
Release of milk from the mammary glands
tend to occur between 2 a.m. and 6 a.m. Other hormones—notably insulin, thyroxine, and cortisol—are also involved, but their roles are not yet well understood
Lactation
Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I)
Agonists Dextrothyroxine DIMIT DITPA Levothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroxine Tiratricol (TRIAC) Triiodothyronine Thyroid extract Thyromimetics (selective
Iodine
Phenobarbital Fischer and Mering Synthesis, 1912 1912 1912 1932 1915 Thyroxine Isolated by Edward Calvin Kendall, 1915 1915 1915 N/A (Natural Hormone)
List of drugs by year of discovery
List_of_drugs_by_year_of_discovery
Class of hormones
hormones that target the anterior pituitary, and the thyroid gland secretes thyroxine, which targets the hypothalamus and therefore can be considered a tropic
Tropic_hormone
Hormone-producing cell in the thyroid gland
responsible for the production and secretion of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). They form the single layer of cuboidal
Thyroid_follicular_cell
(Eskalith, Lithobid) – mood stabilizer (mechanism of action unknown/unclear) Thyroxine (T4) – thyroid hormone (thyroid hormone receptor agonist) Triiodothyronine
List_of_antidepressants
Aqueous solution of iodine and potassium iodide
in patients with Graves' disease controlled with antithyroid drugs and thyroxine". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 70 (3): 123–127
Lugol's_iodine
Concept used in cardiovascular research
HH; Kelm, M; Makimoto, H (15 April 2020). "Usefulness of Serum Free Thyroxine Concentration to Predict Ventricular Arrhythmia Risk in Euthyroid Patients
Major adverse cardiovascular events
Major_adverse_cardiovascular_events
American endocrinologist (1929–2019)
specialized in thyroid gland problems. He discovered that humans converted thyroxine to triiodothyronine. He was a mentor to physicians for over 40 years.
Lewis_E._Braverman
Medical condition
blood tests often include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (T4). Total and free triiodothyronine (T3) levels are less commonly used
Thyroid_disease
Mood disorder
causes of depressive symptoms. These include blood tests measuring TSH and thyroxine to exclude hypothyroidism; basic electrolytes and serum calcium to rule
Major_depressive_disorder
Excess urea in the blood due to kidney dysfunction
normal or increased Decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol Altered thyroxine metabolism Creatinine Hyponatremia or hypernatremia or hypercalcemia Delayed
Uremia
Welsh chemist
August 1897 – 4 February 1972) was a chemist, best known for synthesising thyroxine. Although he was born and raised in Llanerfyl, north Wales. he was a member
Charles_Harington_(chemist)
Antidepressant
treatment-regime (as may be the case in severe depression and accompanied with thyroxine,) however, great care must be taken with lithium. The overall risk of
Clomipramine
Chemical compound
Agonists Dextrothyroxine DIMIT DITPA Levothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroxine Tiratricol (TRIAC) Triiodothyronine Thyroid extract Thyromimetics (selective
Resmetirom
Globular protein in the plasma
Protein HC Haptoglobin Alpha-2u globulin α2-macroglobulin Ceruloplasmin Thyroxine-binding globulin Alpha 2-antiplasmin Protein C Alpha 2-lipoprotein Angiotensinogen
Alpha_globulin
Chemical compound
Agonists Dextrothyroxine DIMIT DITPA Levothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroxine Tiratricol (TRIAC) Triiodothyronine Thyroid extract Thyromimetics (selective
Sobetirome
Endocrinological condition
administering thyroid hormones normalized transporter expression. Decreased thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) occurs following bypass surgery, and in chronic
Euthyroid_sick_syndrome
Active form of vitamin B6
Examples of inhibitors: Levothyroxine In rats given only 10 μg of D, L-thyroxine daily for 15 days, liver cysteine desulfhydrase activity disappears and
Pyridoxal_phosphate
Topics referred to by the same term
formerly Thyssen-Bornemisza Group, the investment arm of the Thyssen family Thyroxine-binding globulin, a transport protein Traditional Britain Group, a far-right
TBG
specifically testosterone and estradiol Thyroxine-binding globulin, carries the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine (T3) Transthyretin
Proteins produced and secreted by the liver
Proteins_produced_and_secreted_by_the_liver
Genetic mutation affecting cats
out feline dwarfism. The test checks the levels of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) and will determine if the cat has hypothyroidism
Dwarf_cat
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
deiodinase family. It activates thyroid hormone by converting the prohormone thyroxine (T4) by outer ring deiodination (ORD) to bioactive 3,3',5-triiodothyronine
DIO2
Chemical compound
results in decreased production of thyroid hormones in humans, such as thyroxine or triiodothyronine. "Safety (MSDS) data for prothioconazole" (PDF). Retrieved
Prothioconazole
Medical diagnostic procedure
response. Patients should have corticosteroid replacement commenced prior to thyroxine as the latter has been reported to precipitate an Addisonian crisis with
Insulin_tolerance_test
Describes a new class of consumer health testing
Epinephrine ✓ Arginine ✓ Arginine/ADMA Ratio ✓ Taurine ✓ Aldosterone ✓ THYROID Thyroxine (T4) ✓ ✓ (T4 Free) ✓ (T4 Free) ✓ (T4 Free) ✓ (T4 Free) ✓ (T4 Free) and
Direct-to-consumer blood testing
Direct-to-consumer_blood_testing
important axes, the adrenocorticotropic axis, the vasopressin axis and the thyroxine axis, which are responsible for the physiologic response to stress. When
Effects_of_stress_on_memory
Branch of medicine pertaining to the endocrine system
such as 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine, T4) make up a subset of this class because they derive from the combination
Endocrinology
Type of globular protein produced by the liver
ALBUMIN COMPLEXED WITH THYROXINE (3,3',5,5'-TETRAIODO-L-THYRONINE) 1hk2: HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN MUTANT R218H COMPLEXED WITH THYROXINE (3,3',5,5'-TETRAIODO-L-THYRONINE)
Serum_albumin
Glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones to blood
thyroid hormones increase the rate of cellular metabolism, and include thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Secretion is stimulated by the thyroid-stimulating
Endocrine_gland
Organosulfur compound (S=C(NH2)2)
Agonists Dextrothyroxine DIMIT DITPA Levothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroxine Tiratricol (TRIAC) Triiodothyronine Thyroid extract Thyromimetics (selective
Thiourea
Protein with oligosaccharide modifications
Sialoglycoprotein CD43 Glycophorin Glycophorin C Thrombopoietin Thyroglobulin Thyroxine-binding proteins Transcortin Tumor necrosis factor alpha Uteroglobin Vitronectin
Glycoprotein
Body composition elements
000020 < 0.001 Maybe 14 53 Iodine 160×10−9 0.000020 < 0.001 Yes (e.g. thyroxine, triiodothyronine) Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism 17 22 Titanium 130×10−9
Composition_of_the_human_body
Chemical compound
Agonists Dextrothyroxine DIMIT DITPA Levothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroxine Tiratricol (TRIAC) Triiodothyronine Thyroid extract Thyromimetics (selective
Potassium_perchlorate
Chemical compound
hormone release from thyroid gland, as well as of peripheral conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3). These compounds inhibit 5'deiodinase (5'DID-1
Iopanoic_acid
Organic compound used as a plasticizer to soften polymer matrix
plasma thyroxine levels and decreased uptake of iodine in thyroid follicular cells. Previous studies have shown that slight changes in thyroxine levels
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)_phthalate
Anticonvulsant medication
lead to hypothyroxinemia. The well-known reduction in free and total thyroxine concentration may be due to both peripheral and central mechanisms. Oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine
Long fusiform muscle located in the lumbar region
Nunes, MT; Bianco, AC; Migala, A; Agostini, B; Hasselbach, W (1985). "Thyroxine induced transformation in sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit soleus and
Psoas_major_muscle
THYROXINE
THYROXINE
THYROXINE
THYROXINE
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Chief; Leader; Lady; Mrs
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
A Girl with Eyes as Beautiful as that of a Deer or Gazelle
Girl/Female
Biblical
The praise of the Lord.
Male
German
Variant spelling of German Rein, REINO means "wise." In use by the Danish, Finnish and Norwegians.
Female
Japanese
(é™å) Japanese name SHIZUKO means "quiet child."
Boy/Male
Sikh
Dominion of majesty
Female
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Zelpha, ZELPAH means "to trickle" or "youthful."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Very Rare and Beautiful Flower; Blossoms Once a Year; Real Star
Boy/Male
Irish
Servant.
Male
French
Old French form of Old High German Reginhard, RENART means "wise and strong."
THYROXINE
THYROXINE
THYROXINE
THYROXINE
THYROXINE