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Process in plant metabolism
Photorespiration (also known as the oxidative photosynthetic carbon cycle or C2 cycle) refers to a process in plant metabolism where the enzyme RuBisCO
Photorespiration
Biological process to convert light into chemical energy
reactions of photosynthesis, will increase, causing an increase of photorespiration by the oxygenase activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
Photosynthesis
Chemical compound
2) in an interaction called photorespiration, a process that is more prevalent at high temperatures. During photorespiration RuBP combines with O 2 to become
Ribulose_1,5-bisphosphate
Light-independent reactions in photosynthesis
with O 2 instead of CO 2 in photorespiration. The rate of photorespiration is higher at high temperatures. Photorespiration turns RuBP into 3-PGA and 2-phosphoglycolate
Calvin_cycle
Photosynthetic process in some plants
the expenditure of energy to recycle through photorespiration. C4 photosynthesis reduces photorespiration by concentrating CO2 around RuBisCO. To enable
C4_carbon_fixation
Ecological metric
byproducts via photorespiration, requiring energy and nutrients that would otherwise increase photosynthetic output. In C3 plants photorespiration can consume
Photosynthetic_efficiency
Series of interconnected biochemical reactions
incorporates more oxygen into RuBP as temperatures increase. This leads to photorespiration (also known as the oxidative photosynthetic carbon cycle, or C2 photosynthesis)
C3_carbon_fixation
of plants' photorespiration, the labeling of atmosphere by oxygen-18 allows for the measurement of oxygen uptake by the photorespiration pathway. Labeling
Isotopes_of_oxygen
Light point for photosynthesis
the net carbon dioxide assimilation is zero. Leaves release CO2 by photorespiration and cellular respiration, but CO2 is also converted into carbohydrate
Compensation_point
Chemical compound
Atmospheric oxygen competes with this reaction. In a process called photorespiration RuBisCo can also catalyze addition of atmospheric oxygen to the C2
2-Phosphoglycolate
Non-living factors that affect organisms and ecosystems
mechanisms to manage photorespiration, whereas C4 and CAM plants utilize a separate PEP carboxylase enzyme to prevent photorespiration, thus increasing the
Abiotic_component
Acetic acid bearing an aldehyde group
glyoxylate is also an important intermediate in the photorespiration pathway. Photorespiration is a result of the side reaction of RuBisCO with O2 instead
Glyoxylic_acid
Chemical compound
the polymerization processes. Plants produce glycolic acid during photorespiration. It is recycled by conversion to glycine within the peroxisomes and
Glycolic_acid
Study of plant life
fixation pathway for photosynthesis which avoid the losses resulting from photorespiration in the more common C3 carbon fixation pathway. These biochemical strategies
Botany
Plant organelle that conducts photosynthesis
simply be a side effect of another photosynthesis-depressing factor. Photorespiration can occur when the oxygen concentration is too high. RuBisCO cannot
Chloroplast
Chemical compound
produced and consumed on a prodigious scale as an intermediate in photorespiration, an undesirable side reaction that competes with photosynthesis. It
Tartronic_acid_semialdehyde
Key enzyme of photosynthesis involved in carbon fixation
Phosphoglycolate is recycled through a sequence of reactions called photorespiration, which involves enzymes and cytochromes located in the mitochondria
RuBisCO
Natural processes of carbon exchange
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Carbon_cycle
Specialized organelle found in plants
produce them by photosynthesis. Plant peroxisomes also participate in photorespiration and nitrogen metabolism in root nodules. Graham IA (2008-01-01). "Seed
Glyoxysome
In plants, a variable pore between paired guard cells
fixes oxygen to RuBP, wasting energy and carbon in a process called photorespiration. For both of these reasons, RuBisCo needs high carbon dioxide concentrations
Stoma
Species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae
the acid malate, then releasing it during the day in order to reduce photorespiration. The pineapple comprises five botanical varieties, formerly regarded
Pineapple
Gas layer surrounding Earth
oxygen by rapidly diversifying animal faunae and also by plants for photorespiration and their own metabolic needs at night. Breakdown of pyrite and volcanic
Atmosphere_of_Earth
Type of organelle
include the glyoxylate cycle in germinating seeds ("glyoxysomes"), photorespiration in leaves, glycolysis in trypanosomes ("glycosomes"), and methanol
Peroxisome
increase their photosynthetic efficiency by reducing or suppressing photorespiration, which mainly occurs under low atmospheric CO2 concentration, high
List_of_C4_plants
process called photorespiration. This is energetically costly as the plant has to use energy to turn the products of photorespiration back into a form
Evolution_of_photosynthesis
Estonian plant physiologist and physicist (born 1938)
has focused on the physiology and biophysics of photosynthesis and photorespiration, including gas-exchange measurement approaches and mathematical modelling
Agu_Laisk
Species of flowering plant
Matsuzawa, Yasuo (2003). "Structural and Biochemical Dissection of Photorespiration in Hybrids Differing in Genome Constitution between Diplotaxis tenuifolia
Diplotaxis_tenuifolia
Organic compound with a C=C–OH group
susceptible to attack by oxygen (O2) in the (undesirable) process called photorespiration. Alkenal Enolase Geminal diol, another form of ketones and aldehydes
Enol
Single-celled alga with a silica cell wall
to excrete excess nitrogen produced by amino acid Catabolism; like photorespiration, the urea cycle had long been considered a waste pathway. However,
Diatom
Storing carbon in a carbon pool
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Carbon_sequestration
Family of mostly succulent plants, adapted to dry environments
381, PMID 11326045 Sharkey, Thomas (1988), "Estimating the rate of photorespiration in leaves", Physiologia Plantarum, 73 (1): 147–152, Bibcode:1988PPlan
Cactus
Removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide through human activity
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Carbon_dioxide_removal
Basic unit of life forms
gradients. One type of peroxisome is in the leaves where it takes part in photorespiration. The other type is in germinating seeds where it takes part in the
Cell_(biology)
like photorespiration require the association of both organelles to recycle glycolate and detoxify the ammonium produced during photorespiration. Stromules
Stromule
Topics referred to by the same term
respiration, exchange of gases between plant roots and the atmosphere Photorespiration, enzymatic combination of RuBP with oxygen "Respiration" (song), a
Respiration
from becoming over-reduced. The Water Water Cycle is not related to photorespiration, as it comprises different reactions and results in no net oxygen consumption
Mehler_reaction
Methane (CH4) in Earth's atmosphere
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Atmospheric_methane
Plant that has adapted to living in an aquatic environment
of aquatic plant communities". Aquatic Botany. Photosynthesis and Photorespiration in Aquatic Organisms. 34 (1): 5–25. Bibcode:1989AqBot..34....5S. doi:10
Aquatic_plant
over the C3 pathway, which loses efficiency due to photorespiration. The ratio of photorespiration to photosynthesis in a plant varies with environmental
Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis
Fractionation_of_carbon_isotopes_in_oxygenic_photosynthesis
Shower of organic detritus in the ocean
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Marine_snow
Class of enzymes
ammonia produced by nitrate reduction, amino acid degradation, and photorespiration. The amide group of glutamate is a nitrogen source for the synthesis
Glutamine_synthetase
Straight-chain primary alcohol with formula C30H62O
Comparative analyses of the effect of triacontanol on photosynthesis, photorespiration and growth of tomato (C3-plant) and maize (C 4-plant). Planta. 1981
1-Triacontanol
Surname list
for the quantum harmonic oscillator Mehler reaction, also known as Photorespiration, a process in plant metabolism Fock-Mehler transform, an integral transform
Mehler
process called photorespiration. This is energetically costly as the plant has to use energy to turn the products of photorespiration back into a form
Evolutionary history of plants
Evolutionary_history_of_plants
Enzyme decomposing hydrogen peroxide
called the peroxisome. Peroxisomes in plant cells are involved in photorespiration (the use of oxygen and production of carbon dioxide) and symbiotic
Catalase
Canadian-American biologist
‘biochemical genetics’ approach to problems in plant metabolism, including photorespiration, lipid metabolism, and cellulose synthesis. First map-based cloning
Chris_R._Somerville
Biological phenomenon
RuBisCO which initiates photosynthesis. Furthermore, oxygen stimulates photorespiration which reduces photosynthetic output. These two mechanisms working together
Warburg effect (plant physiology)
Warburg_effect_(plant_physiology)
Light re-emitted by chlorophyll molecules during return from excited to non-excited states
estimation, the extent of photorespiration may be estimated. This has been used to explore the significance of photorespiration as a photoprotective mechanism
Chlorophyll_fluorescence
Chemical compound
to synthesize serine from glycine. This system is part of plant photorespiration. Lipoic acid is present in many foods in which it is bound to lysine
Lipoic_acid
Set of processes exchanging nutrients between parts of a system
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Nutrient_cycle
Solid organic matter in sedimentary rocks
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Kerogen
Marine flowering plants
doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2009.03.010. Beer, Sven (1989). "Photosynthesis and photorespiration of marine angiosperms". Aquatic Botany. 34 (1–3): 153–166. Bibcode:1989AqBot
Seagrass
transport, disruption of thylakoid membrane stability, and increased photorespiration. These effects can lower biomass accumulation and yield, especially
Breeding for heat stress tolerance
Breeding_for_heat_stress_tolerance
essential pathway for photosynthesis in plants. The occurrence of photorespiration in plants, due to the lack of substrate specificity of rubisco, leads
Phosphoglycolate_phosphatase
Class of enzymes
dioxide, to form the unusable product glycolate in a process called photorespiration. To prevent this wasteful process, some plants increase the local CO2
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
Phosphoenolpyruvate_carboxylase
Phylum of green algae
involved in photorespiration. Chlorophyte algae use a dehydrogenase inside the mitochondria to process glycolate during photorespiration. In contrast
Chlorophyta
Synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide by biological organisms
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Primary_production
Process of planting, growing and harvesting cannabis
Archived from the original on 12 December 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2018. "Photorespiration". Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 1 March
Cannabis_cultivation
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Microbial_carbon_pump
Phenomenon in plants
dehydration, loss of turgor, photoinhibition, photo-oxidation, and photorespiration, so paraheliotropism can be viewed as an advantageous behavior in high
Paraheliotropism
Trophic pathway in marine microbial ecosystems
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Microbial_loop
Genus of green algae
"Underwater Habitats". Illumin. 9 (4). Zelitch, I. (1971). Photosynthesis, Photorespiration and Plant Productivity. Academic Press. p. 275. Pearsall WH, Loose
Chlorella
Plants used in agriculture
made on the photosynthesis process (with C3 pathway plants) is on photorespiration. By inserting the C4 pathway into C3 plants, productivity may increase
Genetically_modified_crops
Depth in the oceans below which no calcium carbonate sediment particles are preserved
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Carbonate_compensation_depth
Chemical ratio in organic materials
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Carbon-to-nitrogen_ratio
Indian molecular biologist and biotechnologist
discovered that nitrate reductase enzyme derives its reducing power from photorespiration, considered a wasteful process by many plant physiologists. Kumar acquired
P._Ananda_Kumar
Perennial, rhizomatous herb native to East Asia
(2000). "Contributions of diffusional limitation, photoinhibition and photorespiration to midday depression of photosynthesis in Arisaema heterophyllum in
Arisaema_heterophyllum
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Fire and carbon cycling in boreal forests
Fire_and_carbon_cycling_in_boreal_forests
Concentration of organic carbon in a sample
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Total_organic_carbon
Physico-chemical process which transports carbon
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Solubility_pump
Fertilization from increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide
using these sugars as fuel releases carbon back into the atmosphere (photorespiration), growth stores carbon in the physical structures of the plant (i.e
CO2_fertilization_effect
Concept in marine biology
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Redfield_ratio
respiration (aspartic acid, Asp, which derives from oxaloacetate) and photorespiration (serine, Ser). Because cysteine is a direct precursor to methionine
Sulfur isotope biogeochemistry
Sulfur_isotope_biogeochemistry
Sum of inorganic carbon species in a solution
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Dissolved_inorganic_carbon
Excrement of whales and its role in the ecology of the oceans
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Whale_feces
North American species of quillwort
concentrates CO₂ for daytime photosynthesis underwater and reduces photorespiration. Cody, William; Britton, Donald (1989). Ferns and Fern Allies of Canada
Isoetes_bolanderi
Transformation of atmospheric carbon between various forms
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Atmospheric_carbon_cycle
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Total_carbon
Marine carbon cycling events whereby gelatinous zooplankton sink to the seafloor
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Jelly-falls
Metabolic process
from other photosynthetic organisms. This also results in lowered photorespiration due to less photosynthetically generated oxygen. Aquatic CAM is most
Crassulacean_acid_metabolism
Geochemical transformation of silicate rocks
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Carbonate–silicate_cycle
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Carbon_respiration
Species of grass
fixation by this pathway allows plants to avoid the wasteful process of photorespiration and as such confers a competitive advantage to species such as R. cochinchinensis
Rottboellia_cochinchinensis
Enzyme
NADPH. The enzyme substrate, glyoxylate, is a metabolite in plant photorespiration, and is produced in the peroxisome. Glyoxylate is important in the
Glyoxylate_reductase
Oxidation of organic compounds within an ecosystem
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Ecosystem_respiration
Solid carbon stored in global soils
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Soil_carbon
Mathematical representation of particulate organic carbon export to ocean floor
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Martin_curve
British plant scientist and academic
measurement of photosynthesis in a plant with a lacunal gas system, photorespiration, quantifying primary productivity from leaf growth, use of aerial photography
Anthony_Larkum
American scientist
Arabidopsis seeds, which they used to dissect the main pathway of photorespiration. They then moved to the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and
Shauna_Somerville
Type of climate engineering
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Direct deep-sea carbon dioxide injection
Direct_deep-sea_carbon_dioxide_injection
Study of the transformations involving carbon within the systems of the Earth
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Geochemistry_of_carbon
CO2-1PPM
especially in C3 plants, can occur under conditions that promote photorespiration, cyclic electron transport, and nitrate reduction. Quenching measurements
Plant_stress_measurement
Movement of carbon through Earth's mantle and core
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Deep_carbon_cycle
Genus of flowering plants
Weber, Andreas PM; Westhoff, Peter; Gowik, Udo (2014). "The role of photorespiration during the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in the genus Flaveria". eLife
Flaveria
Sum of the inorganic carbon species
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Total_inorganic_carbon
Carbon capture process in oceans
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Biological_pump
Species of plant
RuBisCo oxygen fixation which creates a toxic product resulting in photorespiration being required to remove said product. Portulaca smallii has been observed
Portulaca_smallii
American botanist and biochemist
from 2007 to 2018. In 2019, he showed that a synthetic pathway for photorespiration could increase plant productivity. Over the past decade, Ort's research
Donald_R._Ort
Chemical process produced by soil and the organisms within it
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Soil_respiration
Ocean/atmosphere carbon exchange process
Carbon respiration Ecosystem respiration Net ecosystem production Photorespiration Soil respiration Carbon pumps Biological pump Martin curve Solubility
Oceanic_carbon_cycle
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