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Series of US celebratory sailing events
Operation Sail refers to a series of sailing events held to celebrate special occasions and features sailing vessels from around the world. Each event
Operation_Sail
Tall ship tour of US ports for the country's 250th anniversary (2026)
nonprofit Sail4th 250 as successor to Operation Sail, included an International Fleet Review and a Parade of Sail past the Statue of Liberty on July 4
Sail250
1986 celebration marking the restoration and centenary of the Statue of Liberty
to outstanding naturalized Americans. Emil Mosbacher, organizer of Operation Sail, and Secretary of the Navy John Lehman spoke of the following day's
Liberty_Weekend
1962 proposed U.S. false flag operation against American citizens
Operation Northwoods was a proposed false flag operation which originated within the Department of Defense of the US government in 1962. The proposals
Operation_Northwoods
200th anniversary of United States
Freedom Train, commemorations of the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Operation Sail, and thousands of locally sponsored events, including parades, historical
United_States_Bicentennial
Naval operation during the Second World War
the Special Operations Executive (SOE) in January 1942. Their objective was to board the Italian and German ships in the harbour and sail them to Lagos
Operation_Postmaster
American marine historian (1929–1996)
restoration efforts. Stewart became nationally known for his work with Operation Sail 1976, the United States Bicentennial tall‑ship celebration, serving
Donald_Franklin_Stewart
Norwegian full-rigged ship
Cutty Sark Tall Ships Race, Operation Sail events, and large sail events in European ports. In 1980, the vessel won the OpSail 80 race from Boston, USA to
Christian_Radich
Type of sail
The lug sail, or lugsail, is a fore-and-aft, four-cornered sail that is suspended from a spar, called a yard. When raised, the sail area overlaps the
Lug_sail
Space propulsion method using Sun radiation
sunlight, a concept known as beam sailing. Solar sail craft offer the possibility of low-cost operations combined with high speeds (relative to chemical
Solar_sail
Japanese four-masted training barque tall ship
regular participant in international tall ship gatherings, such as Operation Sail. A sister ship of Nippon Maru, Kaiwo Maru is a Class-A four masted barque
Kaiwo_Maru_(1989)
Large, traditionally rigged sailing vessel
American Sail Training Association Cutty Sark Tall Ships' Race Iron-hulled sailing ship Jubilee Sailing Trust List of large sailing vessels Operation Sail Sail
Tall_ship
1909 Polish sail training ship and museum
part in the meeting of Baltic sail training ships at Stockholm, regarded as predecessor of all post-war Operation Sail meetings, winning i. a. special
Dar_Pomorza
Boat propelled partly or entirely by sails
operation. It continues to be utilized in the modern day for recreation. A dinghy is a type of small open sailboat commonly used for recreation, sail
Sailboat
Sailing rig consisting mainly of sails
Bermuda rigged sails, gaff rigged sails, gunter rig, lateen sails, lug sails, tanja sails, the spanker sail on a square rig, and crab claw sails. Fore-and-aft
Fore-and-aft_rig
Generic type of sail and rigging arrangement
Square rig is a generic type of sail and rigging arrangement in which a sailing vessel uses square sails which are carried on horizontal spars that, when
Square_rig
Barque used as a sail training ship for the US Coast Guard Academy
has participated in various Tall Ship races and events, including the Operation Sail events of 1964, 1976, 1986, 1992, 2000 and 2012. Most notably, Eagle
USCGC_Eagle_(WIX-327)
Aerofoil for converting wind energy to rotary motion
powered by their sails. Sails are found in different forms, from primitive common sails to the advanced patent sails. The jib sail is found in Mediterranean
Windmill_sail
Wind propulsion technology for large ships
SolidSail, sometimes referred to as Solid Sail or SolidSail Mast Factory (SMAF) in reference to the eponymous subsidiary, is a wind propulsion technology
SolidSail
American yacht racer
two-time America's Cup-winning yachtsman, the founding chairman of Operation Sail, and Chief of Protocol of the United States during the administration
Emil_Mosbacher
Large wind-powered water vessel
Sail plans A sailing ship is a sea-going vessel that uses sails mounted on masts to harness the power of wind and propel the vessel. There is a variety
Sailing_ship
Two-masted sailing vessel
fully square-rigged foremast and at least two sails on the main mast: a square topsail and a gaff sail mainsail (behind the mast). The main mast is the
Brigantine
US terrorism and sabotage campaign in Cuba
Operation Mongoose, also known as the Cuban Project, was an extensive campaign of terrorist attacks against civilians, and covert operations, carried out
Operation_Mongoose
River in Connecticut, United States
New London. New London's Sailfest is an annual event which includes Operation Sail, a gathering of large sailing vessels including the Coast Guard training
Thames_River_(Connecticut)
International sailmaker company
Sails is an international sailmaker and sailing wear company with operations in 29 countries. The company designs, engineers and manufactures sails for
North_Sails
Kitty Hawk-class aircraft carrier (active 1968–2007)
take advantage of the transit of Tall sailing ships participating in Operation Sail 2000 as they passed by from New London, Connecticut en route to their
USS_John_F._Kennedy_(CV-67)
Sail training ship of the Chilean Navy
in Operation Sail at New York City in 1964, 1976 and 1986, and the Osaka World Sail in 1983. She also participated in International Regattas of Sail in
Chilean_barquentine_Esmeralda
1797 heavy frigate of the U.S. Navy
July, Constitution led the parade of tall ships up Boston Harbor for Operation Sail, firing her guns at one-minute intervals for the first time in approximately
USS_Constitution
Historic Royal Naval term for a warship
Hawkins was a type of galleon which had three masts, each with three to four sails. The ship could be up to 60 metres long and could have up to 124 guns: four
Man-of-war
Oblique quadrilateral sail from south east Asia
tilted square sail, canted rectangular sail, rectangular balance lug, or balance lug sail in English. In historical sources, a tanja sail is sometimes
Tanja_sail
Sailing vessel
spread the sail area over many smaller sails, at a time when sails were hoisted by hand, though mechanical assistance was used as the ships, sails, and gaffs
Schooner
British musical comedy
contains meteorological equipment ("Sail On, Boys"). Charles is deeply insecure about the result of the operation, but is swayed by Montagu into celebrating
Operation_Mincemeat_(musical)
Belknap-class destroyer leader
5 February. Her operations from her home port, including Operation "Rugby Match" exercises in the West Indies, lasted until she sailed for the western
USS_Wainwright_(CG-28)
Sailing rig configuration
Gaff rig is a sailing rig (configuration of sails, mast and stays) in which the sail is four-cornered, fore-and-aft rigged, controlled at its peak and
Gaff_rig
Sailing rig
ship and sail training operators as their suite of mainly fore-and-aft sails improve non-downwind performance, while their foremast of square sails offers
Barquentine
Small warship
of vessel entitled to a commander of a "captain" rank. During the Age of Sail, corvettes were one of many types of warships smaller than a frigate and
Corvette
Parade and review of the US Fleet
review for more than 225 sailing ships marching up the Hudson in the Operation Sail 1976 parade. Leading the parade will be 16 magnificent anachronisms
Naval_Review
Sailing vessel with three or more square-rigged masts
A full-rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a sailing vessel with a sail plan of three or more masts, all of them square-rigged. Such a vessel is said to
Full-rigged_ship
School vessel in the Argentine Navy
York City, in what was called Operation Sail. She also participated in 1964, 1986, 1992 and 2012. During 1976's Operation Sail the Spanish ship Juan Sebastián
ARA_Libertad_(Q-2)
Sail boat with a single mast and a fore-and-aft rig
refers to the purpose of the craft, rather than to the specific size or sail-plan, and thus a sloop should not be confused with a sloop-of-war. As with
Sloop
Large and multi-decked sailing ships
as armed cargo carriers from the 16th to 18th centuries during the Age of Sail, and they were the principal vessels drafted for use as warships until the
Galleon
Triangular sail with spars along upper and lower edges used by traditional Austronesians
Austronesian sail types are typically fore-and-aft with spars along one or more edges and include a triangular variant with spars on the upper and lower
Austronesian_sail_types
Romanian sail training ship
maximum speed of 10 kn (19 km/h; 12 mph). In 1881, the Romanian Navy ordered a sail training vessel from the Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company of London
Mircea_(ship)
Movie prop and museum ship in Hawaii
Unsuccessful there, she was scheduled to take part in the inaugural Operation Sail procession in New York Harbor in July 1964, sailing under a Panamanian
Carthaginian_(ship)
German museum ship
1957 and won the Operation Sail race twice, in 1974 and 1976. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Tovarishch sailed under the Ukrainian
Gorch_Fock_(1933)
Type of warship
term soon came to apply less exclusively to any relatively fast and elegant sail-only warship. In French, the term frigate gave rise to a verb – frégater
Frigate
Sailboat with a two-masted rig
usually stepped further forward than the position found on a sloop. The sail plan of a ketch is similar to that of a yawl, on which the mizzen mast is
Ketch
Four-masted barque built in 1926
officers. In 1976, Kruzenshtern sailed in the Tall Ships race from Bermuda to Newport and participated in Operation Sail in New York harbor during the United
Kruzenshtern_(ship)
1944 British-American air raid on Surabaya
on its return voyage to the Pacific. The warships involved in the operation sailed from Ceylon and refuelled in Western Australia before reaching the
Operation_Transom
Sailing cruise ship operated by Orient Express
trials, an operation conducted by Loire pilots. The vessel transited through the Joubert dock before heading to the open sea. The ship sailed at 12 knots
Orient_Express_Corinthian
Ancient Greek galley
bank of twenty-five oars to a side, fifty in total. A midship mast with sail could also propel the ship under favorable wind. Penteconters were longer
Penteconter
Watercraft with two parallel hulls of equal size
catamarans. Until the 20th century catamaran development focused primarily on sail-driven concepts. The word "catamaran" is derived from the Tamil word, kattumaram
Catamaran
Proposed spacecraft propulsion device
An electric sail (also known as an electric solar wind sail or an E-sail) is a proposed form of spacecraft propulsion using the dynamic pressure of the
Electric_sail
British Second World War deception operation
Operation Mincemeat was a successful British deception operation of the Second World War to disguise the 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily. Two members of
Operation_Mincemeat
British naval deception during WWII
land-based aircraft. Operation Pedestal, a convoy operation to Malta, was due in early August, in which two aircraft carriers were to sail into range of Luftwaffe
Operation_Stab
Recreational boat or ship
A yacht (/jɒt/) is a sail- or motor-propelled watercraft made for pleasure, cruising, or racing. There is no standard definition, though the term generally
Yacht
Warship of 17th–19th centuries
ship of the line is a type of naval warship constructed during the Age of Sail from the 17th century to the mid-19th century. The ship of the line was designed
Ship_of_the_line
Type of warship
masts. The single masted ships had huge sails and harnessed tremendous wind energy, which made them demanding to sail and required large, experienced crews
Sloop-of-war
Specialized Scandinavian warship
Norse: herskip, Old Swedish: hærskip) propelled by oars, and later also by sail, used by the Norse and surrounding Germanic tribes from at least the 4th
Longship
Type of boat
cutter is any of various types of watercraft. The term can refer to the rig (sail plan) of a sailing vessel (but with regional differences in definition),
Cutter_(boat)
Panamanian flag of convenience. In 1976, Te Vega sailed into New York Harbor to take part in Operation Sail, timed to coincide with the United States Bicentennial
Flint_School
Flagship of 16th-century Spanish/Portuguese explorer
was the ability to sail with ease into small harbors. The ships were rigged with triangular sails supported by swept booms. This sail arrangement, a forerunner
San Salvador (Cabrillo's ship)
San_Salvador_(Cabrillo's_ship)
2001 video game
Age of Sail II (Russian: Век Парусников II) is a 2001 computer wargame developed by Akella. It is the sequel to Age of Sail. It has similar historically
Age_of_Sail_II
a three-masted topsail schooner, her original rig. She took part in Operation Sail that July, and a similar event at Boston in 1980. In 1984, she was acquired
Alexandria_(schooner)
Type of sailing vessel
the mizzen is only partly fore-and-aft rigged, bearing a square-rigged sail above. The word "barque" entered English via the French term, which in turn
Barque
American historic schooner
Western Union was sent to New York City in 1976 to participate in Operation Sail as part of the United States Bicentennial. In honor of the event, Western
Western_Union_(schooner)
Type of small boat
definition, but is generally a small open boat which may be powered by oars, sail or an outboard motor. Some individual examples have the option of being powered
Dinghy
Merchant sailing ship of the 19th century
19th-century standards, could carry limited bulk freight, and had a large total sail area. "Clipper" does not refer to a specific sailplan; clippers may be schooners
Clipper
Proposed spacecraft propulsion method
A magnetic sail is a proposed method of spacecraft propulsion where an onboard magnetic field source interacts with a plasma wind (e.g., the solar wind)
Magnetic_sail
Class of sail training ships
The Gorch Fock class three-masted barques are a class of five sail training ships originally built between 1933 and 1939 by Blohm & Voss for the German
Gorch_Fock-class_barque
Military unit
Program, the first Atlantic Fleet Open Ocean Mobile Sea Range Operation, Operation Sail ("Review of the Tall Ships"), and the 1976 NATO Firepower Demonstration
Destroyer_Squadron_26
Planned solar sail spacecraft
for operation in low Earth orbit, serving as an atmospheric drag brake to facilitate the removal of satellite debris. The first successful solar sail spacecraft
CubeSail
Dutch type of sailing vessel
rigged, with the mizzen (rearmost) mast often rigged with a triangular lateen sail, as pictured above. Masts were much higher than those of galleons to allow
Fluyt
Sailing vessel with two square-rigged masts
sails, and the main top gallant studding sails, etc. A brig's foremast is smaller than the main mast. The fore mast holds a fore sail, fore top sail,
Brig
Historic category for Royal Navy ships
considered suitable for various functions within the naval tactics of the Age of Sail. Lower numbers indicated larger and more capable ships. By the mid-18th century
First-rate
Type of sailing ship
It could be rigged either entirely with lateen sails or with a combination of lateen and square sails. It was noted for its capacity for sailing windward
Caravel
1945 evacuation of German troops from East Prussia and northern Poland by sea
Operation Hannibal was a German naval operation involving the evacuation by sea of German troops and civilians from the Courland Pocket, East Prussia
Operation_Hannibal
Sailing boat
masts with the standard rig consisting of a main dipping lug sail and a mizzen standing lug sail. The masts were positioned far forward and aft on the boat
Fifie
Type of sail rig used in East Asia
balanced lug sail, or sampan rig, is a type of sail rig in which rigid members, called battens, span the full width of the sail and extend the sail forward
Junk_rig
Type of large Korean warship (15th–19th century)
Panokseon (Korean: 판옥선) was a class of Korean oar- and sail-propelled ship that was the main class of warship used by Joseon during the late 16th century
Panokseon
Scale for model ship kits
follow suit was by Imai Kagaku with the release of tall ships from Operation Sail (1976) in 1977. Tamiya came next with a production of the German battleship
1:350_scale
Sailing rig
dates back to the late 17th century and originally had a loose-footed gaff sail; the boom was introduced somewhere in the 18th century. It was a popular
Snow_(ship)
Solar sail technology demonstration CubeSat
Space Centre celebrates successful operation of InflateSail satellite". surrey.ac.uk. Retrieved 15 July 2017. "InflateSail (QB50 GB06)". Gunter's Space Page
InflateSail
Israeli covert operation in 1968 to steal processed uranium ore
Operation Plumbat was an Israeli covert operation in 1968 to steal yellowcake (processed uranium ore) to support the Israeli nuclear weapons effort. France
Operation_Plumbat
Cruising sailboat that is easily towed and launched
A trailer sailer is a keelboat that is big enough to accommodate crew for a weekend cruise, yet small enough to be launched, rigged, and recovered single-handed
Trailer_sailer
Western covert paramilitary operation
Operation Valuable was a failed covert operation conducted during the Cold War by France, the United Kingdom and the United States in collaboration with
Operation_Valuable
Cargo ship of the Middle Ages
generally, oak. Cogs were fitted with a single mast and a single square sail. They were used primarily for trade in north-west medieval Europe, especially
Cog_(ship)
German auxiliary schooner
Vega" (SAIL, November 1986). "Tweemastschoener TE VEGA onder Nederlandse vlag" (Spiegel der Zeilvaart, issue No. 1, 1988). "An East-West Sail For the
Schooner_Te_Vega
Arabian dhow
275 tons. Usually they have two masts using two to three lateen sails; supplementary sails like a jib are often added on the bowsprit, as well as on a topmast
Baghlah
Traditional Chinese type of boat
full-length battens of the junk sail keep the sail flatter than ideal in all wind conditions. Consequently, their ability to sail close to the wind is poorer
Junk_(ship)
Type of motor-powered sailing vessel
derive power from its sails or engine, independently from each other during moderate seas or winds. A motorsailer may have a sail-to-engine power ratio
Motorsailer
Ships deliberately set on fire during battle
considered an obsolete weapon by the early 19th century. Warships of the Age of Sail were highly vulnerable to fire. Made of wood, with seams caulked with tar
Fire_ship
1990–1991 conflict in the Middle East
(English: "Operation Bishop") with more than 700 interceptions and 25,000 nautical miles (46,000 km) sailed in the theatre of operations helped to overcome
Gulf_War
14th–18th century masted sailing ship
end of the century for inter-oceanic travel with a more advanced form of sail rigging that allowed much improved sailing characteristics in the heavy winds
Carrack
Type of ship in use in the 16th and 17th centuries
rig with staysail and sprit mainsail to the mainmast, and a square sprit-sail under the bowsprit; however pinnaces were also built with a two-masted rig
Full-rigged_pinnace
Type of boat
A felucca is a traditional wooden sailing boat with a single sail used in the Mediterranean, including around Malta and Tunisia. However, in Egypt, Iraq
Felucca
Ship mainly propelled by oars
shallow draft, and often a low freeboard. Most types of galleys also had sails that could be used in favourable winds, but they relied primarily on oars
Galley
The Age of Sail encompasses the period of roughly 1571–1862, when large, sail-powered wooden naval warships dominated the high seas, mounting a large variety
Naval artillery in the Age of Sail
Naval_artillery_in_the_Age_of_Sail
Medium-sized deep-sea dhow
traditional Arabic sailing vessel. This type of dhow has two masts with lateen sails, a stern that is tapering in shape, and a more symmetrical overall structure
Boom_(ship)
Sailing vessels of Austronesian peoples
Traditional Austronesian generalized sail types. A Double sprit (Sri Lanka) B Common sprit (Philippines) C Oceanic sprit (Tahiti) D Oceanic sprit (Marquesas)
Austronesian_vessels
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