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Philosophical terms used by Windelband
Nomothetic and idiographic are terms used by neo-Kantian philosopher Wilhelm Windelband to describe two distinct approaches to knowledge, each one corresponding
Nomothetic_and_idiographic
Sociological terminology
Nomothetic literally means "proposition of the law" (Greek derivation) and is used in philosophy, psychology, and law with differing meanings. In the general
Nomothetic
Study of Earth's spatial information
quantitative revolution, geography shifted to an empirical law-making (nomothetic) approach. Several laws of geography have been proposed since then, most
Geography
Branch of psychology focused on personality
1937, described two major ways to study personality: the nomothetic and the idiographic.Nomothetic psychology seeks general laws that can be applied to many
Personality_psychology
Method of analysis of a patient's history and physical examination
In healthcare, a nomothetic (DDx) is a method of analysis that distinguishes a particular disease or condition from others that present with similar clinical
Differential_diagnosis
Taxonomic rank above species and below family
Sutton, M. D.; Bennett, K. D. (2018). "How big is a genus? Towards a nomothetic systematics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 183 (2): 237–252
Genus
Academic disciplines that study society and culture
context and subjective meaning. In contrast, the social sciences employ a nomothetic approach (seeking general laws and patterns) through empirical and quantitative
Humanities
Research conducted by social scientists
other way around. Explanations in social theories can be idiographic or nomothetic. An idiographic approach to an explanation is one where the scientists
Social_research
Study of processing speed on cognitive tasks
mental chronometry in psychological research is far ranging, encompassing nomothetic models of information processing in the human auditory and visual systems
Mental_chronometry
German philosopher (1848–1915)
became its rector. Windelband is now mainly remembered for the terms nomothetic and idiographic, which he introduced during an address which he gave in
Wilhelm_Windelband
Cultural and artistic movement
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Modernism
1969 law by Waldo Tobler
the discipline from idiographic geography to an empirical law-making nomothetic geography. This law-making approach was conducive to the acceptance of
Tobler's first law of geography
Tobler's_first_law_of_geography
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Vladimir_Lenin
English theoretical physicist (1942–2018)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Stephen_Hawking
Social science conception of understanding and relation
(sociology) Emic and etic Humanistic sociology Humanistic coefficient Nomothetic and idiographic Reflexivity (social theory) "Verstehen: The Sociology
Verstehen
Philosophical theory
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Holism
Paradigm shift in geography
from a descriptive (idiographic) geography to an empirical law-making (nomothetic) geography. The quantitative revolution occurred during the 1950s and
Quantitative_revolution
Unscientific claims presented as scientific
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Pseudoscience
American philosopher (1922–1996)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Thomas_Kuhn
Property of a statement that can be logically contradicted
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Falsifiability
Idea that knowledge comes only/mainly from sensory experience
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Empiricism
Movement in Western philosophy
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Logical_positivism
Form of research
approaches is that such coding sorts qualitative data into predefined (nomothetic) categories that are reflective of the categories found in objective science
Qualitative_research
Study of the aspects of human life
idiographic for a descriptive study of the individual nature of phenomena, and nomothetic for sciences that aim to defthe generalizing laws. Wilhelm Dilthey brought
Human_science
Psychotherapeutic approach
FAP. (See § The five rules below.) FAP is an idiographic (as opposed to nomothetic) approach to psychotherapy. This means that FAP therapists focus on the
Functional analytic psychotherapy
Functional_analytic_psychotherapy
Science of laws in philosophy
decision making. Deductive-nomological model Nomological determinism Nomothetic Aristotle: Selections. Translated by Irwin, Terence; Fine, Gail. Hackett
Nomology
Interdisciplinary study of systems
off the mark." An adequate overlap in meaning is found within the word "nomothetic", which can mean "having the capability to posit long-lasting sense."
Systems_theory
Branch of science that studies society and its relationships
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Social_science
German-born American anthropologist (1858–1942)
experience. In 1884, Kantian philosopher Wilhelm Windelband coined the terms nomothetic and idiographic to describe these two divergent approaches. He observed
Franz_Boas
French sociologist (1858–1917)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Émile_Durkheim
Empiricist philosophical theory
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Positivism
Approach to social philosophy
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Critical_theory
German social philosopher (1929–2026)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Jürgen_Habermas
Awareness of facts, or competency
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Knowledge
avoids nomothetic generalizations. Diagnostic formulation follows an idiographic criterion, while diagnostic classification follows a nomothetic criterion
Idiographic_image
American anthropologist (1927–2001)
framework that he would subsequently argue against with his developing nomothetic scientific approach. After graduation with a Ph.D. in anthropology in
Marvin_Harris
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Relationship between science and religion
Relationship_between_science_and_religion
In-depth, detailed examination of a particular case
idiographic style of analysis, whereas quantitative work lends itself to a nomothetic style of analysis. He adds that "the defining feature of qualitative work
Case_study
English philosopher (1910–1989)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
A._J._Ayer
American political scientist and anthropologist (1936–2024)
comprehensive anarchist worldview and philosophy, and in any case wary of nomothetic ways of seeing, I am making a case for a sort of anarchist squint. What
James_C._Scott
German sociologist, jurist, and political economist (1864–1920)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Max_Weber
Intellectual current and methodological approach in the social science
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Structuralism
Two geometries based on axioms closely related to those specifying Euclidean geometry
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Non-Euclidean_geometry
Material supporting an assertion
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Evidence
Austrian–British philosopher of science (1902–1994)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Karl_Popper
American philosopher and logician (1908–2000)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Willard_Van_Orman_Quine
French philosopher
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Gaston_Bachelard
Conformity to reality
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Truth
International scientific association
used by a scientific discipline, either idiographic (descriptive) or nomothetic (predictive), as proposed by Wilhelm Windelband; The position of the object
International Academy of Sciences San Marino
International_Academy_of_Sciences_San_Marino
American anthropologist (1902 – 1972)
monographs that they produced. Steward is notable for developing a more nomothetic, social-scientific style. His theory of "multilinear" cultural evolution
Julian_Steward
German philosopher, sociologist, and theorist (1903–1969)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Theodor_W._Adorno
Austrian physicist, philosopher and university educator (1838–1916)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Ernst_Mach
Sub-discipline of human geography
on production than on consumption, a distinction can be made between nomothetic (e.g. distribution of spatial agricultural patterns and processes) and
Agricultural_geography
Russian physician, philosopher, and revolutionary (1873–1928)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Alexander_Bogdanov
Position in the philosophy of science
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Instrumentalism
Approach in political science
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Behavioralism
Sociological theory of society
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Structural_functionalism
Self-report questionnaire
Tellegen, Auke (1982-07-01). "The structure of mood change: An idiographic/nomothetic analysis". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 43 (1): 111–122
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule
Positive_and_Negative_Affect_Schedule
English historian & activist (1924–1993)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
E._P._Thompson
nomad, nomadic, nomadism, nomadize, nomarch, nomarchy, nome, nomology, nomothetic, Numidia, numismatics nemat- hair Greek νῆμα, νήματος (nêma, nḗmatos)
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/H–O
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/H–O
French philosopher, mathematician and sociologist (1798–1857)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Auguste_Comte
Theoretical stance in social science
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Antipositivism
German–American philosopher, sociologist, and political theorist (1898–1979)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Herbert_Marcuse
American nonprofit social science research organization
very different sets of methodological commitments: ideographic versus nomothetic. On the one hand, the SSRC was keen to join forces with the country's
Social Science Research Council
Social_Science_Research_Council
Term in navigation research
idiographic principles, while personality development centres around nomothetic principles. Idiothetic-based psychological theories include James Lamiell's
Idiothetic
Hungarian philosopher and critic (1885–1971)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
György_Lukács
psychology, there have been two main approaches to define personality traits: Nomothetic approach defines personality traits in terms of dimensions and factors
Personality_neuroscience
nomad, nomadic, nomadism, nomadize, nomarch, nomarchy, nome, nomology, nomothetic, Numidia, numismatics nemat- hair Greek νῆμα, νήματος (nêma, nḗmatos)
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/N
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/N
Question of whether inductive reasoning leads to definitive knowledge
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Problem_of_induction
Critical observation of science
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Criticism_of_science
Philosophical and social theory critical of traditional humanism
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Antihumanism
Method of logical reasoning
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Inductive_reasoning
Economics controversy
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Methodenstreit
Concept in epistemology
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Justification_(epistemology)
Theory on the psychological basis of autism
between erklären and verstehen, which Wilhelm Windelband described as nomothetic and idiographic methods. This was part of the positivism dispute in Germany
Empathising–systemising theory
Empathising–systemising_theory
Austrian composer and conductor (1883–1945)
polarized nomothetic "plots" with more idiographic approaches' "juxtapositions" and thick description. He considered how to move beyond this nomothetic–idiographic
Anton_Webern
1962 book by William Bunge
The text centers on the debate between nomothetic and idiographic perspectives on science, where the nomothetic side asserts results need to be generalizable
Theoretical_Geography
Epistemological philosophy advanced by Karl Popper
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Critical_rationalism
Part of the process of research design
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Operationalization
Ancient Greek word for a type of wisdom or intelligence
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Phronesis
Austrian philosopher of science (1924–1994)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Paul_Feyerabend
1924–1936 group of philosophers and scientists
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Vienna_Circle
1951 philosophy article by Willard Van Orman Quine
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Two_Dogmas_of_Empiricism
Academic research society
versus intuitionism, laboratory investigations versus field studies, nomothetic versus idiographic explanations, and elementism versus holism (Simonton
Association for Psychological Science
Association_for_Psychological_Science
View that science is the best/only truth
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Scientism
School of thought of philosophy of law and jurisprudence
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Legal_positivism
Political philosophy
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Russian_Machism
1962 book by Thomas S. Kuhn
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
The_Structure_of_Scientific_Revolutions
Book by Auguste Comte
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Course_of_Positive_Philosophy
epenthesis, epenthetic, epitheca, epithet, hypothec, hypothesis, monothematic, nomothetic, oligosynthetic, parenthesis, parenthetic, polysynthetic, prosthesis,
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/P–Z
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/P–Z
American economist (born 1942)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Deirdre_McCloskey
Study of spatial information
descriptive, or idiographic, geography to an empirical law-making, or nomothetic, geography. The first of these laws was proposed by Waldo Tobler in a
Technical_geography
German philosopher and socialist (1833–1921)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Eugen_Dühring
Metatheoretical stance on scientific inquiry
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Postpositivism
Subfield of human geography and economics
production than on consumption,[1] a distinction can be made between nomothetic (e.g. distribution of spatial agricultural patterns and processes) and
Economic_geography
Scientific methodology
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Deductive-nomological_model
1959 book by Karl Popper
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
The Logic of Scientific Discovery
The_Logic_of_Scientific_Discovery
American philosopher (born 1941)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Bas_van_Fraassen
Research based on more than one method of collecting data
interest. For instance, experiments are ideally suited to addressing nomothetic explanations or probable cause; surveys — population frequency descriptions
Multimethodology
German philosopher (1833–1911)
pluralism realism Holism Instrumentalism Modernism Naturalism in literature Nomothetic–idiographic distinction Objectivity in science Operationalism Phenomenalism
Wilhelm_Dilthey
NOMOTHETIC
NOMOTHETIC
NOMOTHETIC
NOMOTHETIC
Boy/Male
Irish
Flower.
Girl/Female
British, English
Noble; Shining
Male
Hebrew
(יִרְמְיָה) Hebrew name YIRMEYAH means "whom God has appointed." In the bible, this is the name of many characters, including one of the six major prophets. Jeremiah is the Anglicized form.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Lucky
Girl/Female
Tamil
Charioteer of Partha, Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
Hindu
Precious gem, Stone
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Gaelic, German, Irish
Young; Sanctuary; Safe Harbor; Bear-calf
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Signifies Beyond Measure; Goddess Parvati
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.
Female
Egyptian
, the daughter of Hor-mi-nuter.
NOMOTHETIC
NOMOTHETIC
NOMOTHETIC
NOMOTHETIC
NOMOTHETIC
a.
Alt. of Nomothetical
a.
Legislative; enacting laws; as, a nomothetical power.