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Principle in US antitrust law
Under the Noerr–Pennington doctrine, private entities are immune from liability under the antitrust laws for attempts to influence the passage or enforcement
Noerr–Pennington_doctrine
German law firm
Noerr is a business law firm with approximately 450 attorneys, tax advisors, and certified public accountants across 10 offices in Germany, Europe, and
Noerr
English information scientist (1946–2013)
Peter Leslie Noerr (March 1946 – March 15, 2013) was an English information scientist at The British Library. He started a library automation systems
Peter_Leslie_Noerr
Art or other objects that appeal to popular rather than high art tastes
ISBN 8248901238. Bibliography Horkheimer, Max; Adorno, Theodor W. (2002). Schmid Noerr, Gunzelin (ed.). Dialectic of enlightenment : philosophical fragments (PDF)
Kitsch
1972 United States Supreme Court case
Railroad Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight Inc. and United Mine Workers v. Pennington), the Supreme Court had created the Noerr–Pennington doctrine. Based
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited
California_Motor_Transport_Co._v._Trucking_Unlimited
Anti-competitive business strategy
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Embrace, extend, and extinguish
Embrace,_extend,_and_extinguish
Vacuum pump manufacturer
bellows component. Judgement declined to accept Edwards' application of Noerr–Pennington doctrine to dismiss Hoffman's anti competition counterclaim.
Edwards_Vacuum
1947 book by Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno
California Press. Horkheimer, Max; Adorno, Theodor W. (2002) [1947]. Schmid Noerr, Gunzelin (ed.). Dialectic of Enlightenment: Philosophical Fragments (PDF)
Dialectic_of_Enlightenment
Legal tort of misusing court processes unjustified by legal actions being taken
1998). "Survival of the Common Law Abuse of Process Tort in the Face of a Noerr-Pennington Defense". University of Chicago Law Review. 65 (2). University
Abuse_of_process
Commercial mass marketing of culture
German Critique. 56 (56). Horkheimer, Max and Adorno, Theodor W. (2002). Noerr, Gunzelin Schmid (ed.). Dialectic of enlightenment philosophical fragments
Culture_industry
Mutually beneficial collusion among competing corporations
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Cartel
Measure of the relative size of firms
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Herfindahl–Hirschman_index
Law maintaining market competition
litigation include ones grounded in constitutional rights (e.g. the US Noerr-Pennington doctrine), sovereign immunity (e.g. the US Parker immunity doctrine)
Competition_law
American right-wing populist political ideology
Retrieved October 11, 2020. Horkheimer, Max; Adorno, Theodor W. (2002) [1947]. Noerr, Gunzelin Schmid (ed.). Dialectic of Enlightenment – Philosophical Fragments
Trumpism
Restriction of an occupation to only qualified practitioners
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Occupational_closure
1791 amendment limiting government restriction of civil liberties
2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020. Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc., 365 U.S. 127 (1961) "Frequently Asked Questions—Petition"
First Amendment to the United States Constitution
First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
Ratio between turnover and profit
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Profit_margin
American legal system intended to promote competition among businesses
reduce competition. Most of these activities are considered legal under the Noerr-Pennington doctrine. Also, regulations by states may be immune under the
United_States_antitrust_law
Market dominated by a small number of sellers
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Oligopoly
German anatomist and inventor of plastination
2006. Archived from the original on 8 April 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2009. "Noerr – Von Hagens prosecution dismissed / Defence Counsel: 'Much ado about nothing'"
Gunther_von_Hagens
Processes through which companies combine or transfer ownership
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Mergers_and_acquisitions
German train operating company
2007. From 1 January 2022 until May 2025, it was owned by the law firm Noerr. Eurobahn was founded as Eurobahn Verkehrsgesellschaft mbH & Co KG, later
Eurobahn
Largest Chinese piano manufacturer
Machine Pearl River Pianos's USA site. Retrieved on September 29, 2007. "Noerr advises Chinese Pearl River Group on strategic collaboration with Schimmel
Pearl_River_Piano_Group
Practices that prevent or reduce competition in a market by a business or government
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Anti-competitive_practices
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Australian_Consumer_Law
Market structure with few buyers
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Oligopsony
Form of government regulation on professions or vocations for compensation
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Occupational_licensing
Agreements between firms at different levels of a supply chain
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Vertical_agreement
General term for rules, including delegated legislation and self-regulation
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Regulation
Methods for higher energy efficiency
Sandra (24 May 2016). "New Act on Energy Efficiency passed in Poland". Noerr. Munich, Germany. Archived from the original on 2020-12-09. Retrieved 2016-09-20
Efficient_energy_use
American academic and political movement
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
New_Brandeis_movement
Deliberately undercutting prices to eliminate competition
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Predatory_pricing
When a company owns its supply chain
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Vertical_integration
German plant-based food company, formerly Europe's first vegan supermarket chain
€33.8 million in gross proceeds. Legal advisors were Goodwin Procter and Noerr. Bredack held 26.3% of shares; the initial market capitalisation exceeded
Veganz
Government-controlled shop that sells tobacco products in Hungary
Nemzeti Jogszabálytár". njt.hu. Retrieved 2025-10-15. Noerr. "The Case of Tobacco in Hungary". www.noerr.com. Retrieved 2025-10-15. Kft, Wolters Kluwer Hungary
Nemzeti_Dohánybolt
Any formal notice or writ by a court obtaining jurisdiction over a person or property
1998). "Survival of the Common Law Abuse of Process Tort in the Face of a Noerr-Pennington Defense". University of Chicago Law Review. 65 (2). University
Legal_process
Communication by means of imitation
Enlightenment: Philosophical Fragments. Theodor W. Adorno, Gunzelin Schmid Noerr. Stanford, California. ISBN 978-0804788090. OCLC 919087055.{{cite book}}:
Mimesis
Market structure with one buyer
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Monopsony
Collusion between competitors
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Tacit_collusion
2001 American antitrust law case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
United_States_v._Microsoft_Corp.
Commerce phenomenon
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Cornering_the_market
United States ongoing antitrust court case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
FTC_v._Meta
Concept in economics
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Natural_monopoly
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
History of United States antitrust law
History_of_United_States_antitrust_law
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Publicity In Taking Evidence Act
Publicity_In_Taking_Evidence_Act
Form of political corruption
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Regulatory_capture
Economic theory
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Barriers_to_entry
Term in contract law where a person agrees not to compete
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Non-compete_clause
German philosopher and sociologist (1895–1973)
Schriften (1985–1996). 19 volumes, edited by Alfred Schmidt and Gunzelin Schmid Noerr. S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main. A life in letters : selected correspondence
Max_Horkheimer
Market structure with a single firm dominating the market
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Monopoly
Effort to create boundaries on a network
Retrieved 6 October 2015. "News Data Protection: NOERR" (PDF). News Data Protection: NOERR. NOERR. 1 June 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7
Network_sovereignty
United States government agency
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Federal_Trade_Commission
Price increases perceived as excessive
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Price_gouging
2020 U.S. lawsuit
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Epic_Games_v._Apple
1982 US government action ending telephone monopoly
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Breakup_of_the_Bell_System
Alleged conspiracy by GM and others to replace streetcar lines with buses
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
General Motors streetcar conspiracy
General_Motors_streetcar_conspiracy
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Limit_price
Growing one's existing wealth without creating new wealth
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Rent-seeking
Type of monopoly
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Coercive_monopoly
that the tobacco companies were immune from antitrust liability under the Noerr-Pennington and Parker immunity doctrines. The wholesalers were challenging
A.D. Bedell Wholesale Co., Inc. v. Philip Morris Inc.
A.D._Bedell_Wholesale_Co.,_Inc._v._Philip_Morris_Inc.
Principle in antitrust law in the United States
the Noerr-Pennington doctrine does not require a finding of Parker state action. If the government "action" taken is the result of petitioning, Noerr-Pennington
Parker_immunity_doctrine
1952 Supreme Court of the United States case on freedom of speech
(1876) Thomas v. Collins (1945) Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc. (1961) NAACP v. Button (1963) Edwards v. South Carolina
Harisiades_v._Shaughnessy
State-sanctioned monopoly by a private company
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Government-granted_monopoly
1890 U.S. anti-monopoly law
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Sherman_Antitrust_Act
1982 case in U.S. antitrust law
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
United_States_v._AT&T_(1982)
1922 United States Supreme Court case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Federal Baseball Club v. National League
Federal_Baseball_Club_v._National_League
Integrated library system
developed for MS-DOS and UNIX. Tinlib was developed in 1985 by Dr. Peter Noerr, who also founded IME Ltd. (Information Management & Engineering) in London
Tinlib
Anticompetitive agreement to control prices
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Price_fixing
Type of legal settlement
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Consent_decree
Companies descended from Standard Oil
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Successors_of_Standard_Oil
defeated Republican nominee George W. Martin, Union Labor nominee William H. Noerr and Prohibition nominee James S. Cobban. On election day, November 6, 1888
1888 Missouri State Auditor election
1888_Missouri_State_Auditor_election
Legal doctrine in antitrust law
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Consumer_welfare_standard
Setting prices artificially low to discourage competition
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Dumping_(pricing_policy)
1982 United States Supreme Court case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Arizona v. Maricopa County Medical Society
Arizona_v._Maricopa_County_Medical_Society
1984 United States Supreme Court case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp.
Copperweld_Corp._v._Independence_Tube_Corp.
Concept in economics
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Artificial_scarcity
Topics referred to by the same term
Nörr may refer to: Nörr Stiefenhofer Lutz, the former name of Noerr Narfi, father of Nótt in Norse mythology This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Nörr
Loans with unfairly high interest rate
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Usury
Switching costs inhibiting a change of vendor
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Vendor_lock-in
Office building in Manhattan, New York
to attract tenants such as hedge fund Alden Global Capital and law firm Noerr. Latham and Watkins announced in 2018 that it would relocate to 1271 Avenue
Lipstick_Building
1936 US law prohibiting price discrimination
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Robinson–Patman_Act
1993 United States Supreme Court case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Spectrum Sports, Inc. v. McQuillan
Spectrum_Sports,_Inc._v._McQuillan
Measure of firm's market power
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Lerner_index
Economic scenario
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Competition_(economics)
2017 book by Roberto Calasso
enlightenment : philosophical fragments. Theodor W. Adorno, Gunzelin Schmid Noerr. Stanford, California. ISBN 978-0-8047-8809-0. OCLC 919087055.{{cite book}}:
The_Unnamable_Present
Term in market economics
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Market_concentration
Anti-competitive practice
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Resale_price_maintenance
Ongoing American antitrust lawsuit
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
United States v. Live Nation Entertainment
United_States_v._Live_Nation_Entertainment
1993 United States Supreme Court case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Brooke Group Ltd. v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp.
Brooke_Group_Ltd._v._Brown_&_Williamson_Tobacco_Corp.
Economics term
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Market_power
1930 United States Supreme Court case
(1876) Thomas v. Collins (1945) Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc. (1961) NAACP v. Button (1963) Edwards v. South Carolina
United_States_v._Wurzbach
Psychoanalysis research institute in Frankfurt, Germany
young in times of war and displacement (German article) Gunzelin Schmid Noerr, Psychoanalyse im Dienst des gesellschaftlichen Neubeginns. Wie Max Horkheimer
Sigmund_Freud_Institute
Cooperation between firms to limit competition
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Collusion
United States congressional subcommittee
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
Pujo_Committee
Form of non-compete clause used in the live music industry
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Radius_clause
Multinational transport company based in France
withdraw from the German market. It was sold to a subsidiary of the law firm Noerr during December 2021. In 2012, Keolis was awarded the Operation and Maintenance
Keolis
Type of oligopoly
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Duopoly
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
United States v. Motion Picture Patents Co.
United_States_v._Motion_Picture_Patents_Co.
Act of the Parliament of Australia
costs Refusal to deal Group boycott Essential facilities Regulatory capture Noerr–Pennington doctrine Parker immunity doctrine Rent-seeking Vendor lock-in
Competition and Consumer Act 2010
Competition_and_Consumer_Act_2010
1948 United States Supreme Court case
sector steel industry Modification of Final Judgment New Brandeis movement Noerr–Pennington doctrine Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons v. California Medical
United States v. United States Gypsum Co.
United_States_v._United_States_Gypsum_Co.
NOERR
NOERR
NOERR
NOERR
Boy/Male
American, Australian, French, Hebrew
Mountain Goat
Surname or Lastname
English (Kent)
English (Kent) : unexplained.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Anthor name for Karan and saturn
Biblical
Hezir, a bog; converted
Girl/Female
Tamil
Kirtmalini | கிரà¯à®¤à®®à®¾à®²à®¿à®¨à¯€
Garlanded with fame
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Slave of the Extremely Pure
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Oriya
The Winner; Lovable; Liked by All
Girl/Female
Italian
Little child; bambino. Pet name.
Girl/Female
Indian
Gratitude
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Swedish
Little Healthy Girl
NOERR
NOERR
NOERR
NOERR
NOERR