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Chemical reaction which adds a nitro (–NO2) group onto a molecule
provide 4-nitro-n-butylbenzene. Menke nitration Zincke nitration Reactive nitrogen species *Schofield, K. (1971). Nitration and Aromatic Reactivity. Cambridge:
Nitration
Polyatomic ion (NO3, charge –1) found in explosives and fertilisers
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NO3−. Salts containing this ion are called nitrates. Nitrates are common components of fertilizers
Nitrate
Chemical compound
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the chemical formula KNO3. It is a potassium salt of nitric acid. This
Potassium_nitrate
The Menke nitration is the nitration of electron rich aromatic compounds with cupric nitrate and acetic anhydride. The reaction introduces the nitro group
Menke_nitration
Industrial explosion in New Jersey, United States
Jersey) used for processing ammonium nitrate. The explosion touched off fires in surrounding buildings in the Nixon Nitration Works that contained other highly
1924 Nixon Nitration Works disaster
1924_Nixon_Nitration_Works_disaster
The Zincke nitration is a nitration reaction in which a bromine is replaced by a nitro group on an electron-rich aryl compound such as a phenol or cresol
Zincke_nitration
Highly corrosive mineral acid
concentrations above 95%. Nitric acid is the primary reagent used for nitration – the addition of a nitro group, typically to an organic molecule. While
Nitric_acid
Chemical compound
less stable than nitrated amylose. The solubility, detonation velocity, and impact sensitivity depend heavily on the level of nitration. Nitrostarch is
Nitrostarch
Chemical compound
Copper nitrate, in combination with acetic anhydride, is an effective reagent for nitration of aromatic compounds, known as the Menke nitration. Hydrated
Copper(II)_nitrate
Topics referred to by the same term
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NO− 3 Nitrate or nitrates may also refer to: Nitrates, a group of salts containing this ion Nitrate
Nitrate_(disambiguation)
American businessman
January 12, 1958) was a vice president of the Nixon Nitration Works during the 1924 Nixon Nitration Works disaster. He later became chairman of the board
Stanhope_Wood_Nixon
Chemical compound with formula NH4NO3
Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula NH4NO3. It is a white crystalline salt consisting of ions of ammonium and nitrate. It is highly
Ammonium_nitrate
Organic compound containing an –NO2 group
invariably produced by nitration reactions starting with nitric acid. Aromatic nitro compounds are typically synthesized by nitration with nitric acid and
Nitro_compound
Chemical compound
Keith; Musson, Adam; Deboos, Gareth A. (1998). "A Novel Method for the Nitration of Simple Aromatic Compounds". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 63 (23):
Acetyl_nitrate
Chemical compound
Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO 3. It is highly water soluble colorless solid that is a precursor to many other silver
Silver_nitrate
Chemical compound
"Nitryl fluoride as a nitrating agent". J. Chem. Soc.: 3512. doi:10.1039/JR9540003512. B. S. Fedorov and L. T. Eremenko (1997). "Nitration of alcohols by nitryl
Ethyl_nitrate
Chemical compound
Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula NaNO3. This alkali metal nitrate salt is also known as Chile saltpeter (large deposits of which
Sodium_nitrate
Highly flammable compound
acid mixture was changed to two parts sulfuric acid to one part nitric. Nitration can be controlled by adjusting acid concentrations and reaction temperature
Nitrocellulose
Chemical compound
the same apparatus, and with the same mixed acids as nitration of glycerine. In the test nitration of anhydrous glycol (100g) with 625g of mixed acid HNO
Ethylene_glycol_dinitrate
is nitrated without sulfuric acid; however, when this solution is exposed to air, the PVA combusts. In this new method, either the PVA nitration is done
Polyvinyl_nitrate
Chemical compound
the nitration of titanium tetrachloride using dinitrogen pentoxide or chlorine nitrate: TiCl4 + 4 N2O5 → Ti(NO3)4 + 4 ClNO2 Hydrated titanium nitrate, the
Titanium(IV)_nitrate
Chemical compound
usual for mixed-acid nitrations. If the mixture becomes too hot, it results in a runaway reaction, a state of accelerated nitration accompanied by the destructive
Nitroglycerin
Effect of spatial atomic arrangement on properties of compounds
electrophilic aromatic nitration occurs ortho to the πAS rather than para. Similar results were also observed on the nitration of 3-methylbenzoic acid
Ortho_effect
Populated place in Middlesex County, New Jersey, US
processing facility there, known as the Nixon Nitration Works. It was the site of the 1924 Nixon Nitration Works disaster, a massive explosion and resulting
Nixon,_New_Jersey
Territorial conflict between Chile and allied Peru and Bolivia (1879–84)
superiority over its opponents at the time. The direct cause of the war was a nitrate taxation dispute between Bolivia and Chile, with Peru being drawn in due
War_of_the_Pacific
Tropane alkaloid and stimulant drug
hydrochloride (HCl) salt, although other salts such as the sulfate (SO42−) and nitrate (NO3−) are occasionally observed. The solubility of these salts varies
Cocaine
Chemical compound
effective nitration reagent, especially for the nitration of aromatic ring systems. In acetonitrile, CAN reacts with anisole to obtain ortho-nitration products
Ceric_ammonium_nitrate
Industrial high explosive
ammonium nitrate/fuel oil; /ˈænfoʊ/ AN-foh) is a widely used bulk industrial high explosive. It consists of 94% porous prilled ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)
ANFO
Chemical reaction which attaches an electrophile to an aromatic ring
An example of this is the nitration of toluene during the production of trinitrotoluene (TNT). While the first nitration, on the activated toluene ring
Electrophilic aromatic substitution
Electrophilic_aromatic_substitution
Chemolithotrophic organisms
unidentified enzyme), and nitrite oxidoreductase (which oxidizes nitrite to nitrate). Nitrifying bacteria are present in distinct taxonomical groups and are
Nitrifying_bacteria
Conservation designation in the UK
A nitrate vulnerable zone is a conservation designation of the Environment Agency for areas of land that drain into nitrate polluted waters, or waterways
Nitrate_vulnerable_zone
Polyatomic ion
is generally reactive and used extensively as an electrophile in the nitration of other substances. The ion is generated in situ for this purpose by
Nitronium_ion
Chemical compound
Magnesium nitrate refers to inorganic compounds with the formula Mg(NO3)2(H2O)x, where x = 6, 2, and 0. All are white solids. The anhydrous material is
Magnesium_nitrate
Organic compounds of the form R–O–N=O
tert-Butyl nitrite has been shown to be an effective reagent for the selective nitration of phenols and aryl sulfonamides n-Butyl nitrite and ammonia convert phenylhydroxylamine
Alkyl_nitrite
Chemical reaction which replaces a hydrogen on an arene with sulfonic acid, –NH–SO3H
an arene is replaced by a sulfonic acid (−SO2OH) group. Together with nitration and chlorination, aromatic sulfonation is a widely used electrophilic
Aromatic_sulfonation
Chemical compound
methylamine nitrate and monomethylamine nitrate, not to be confused with methyl nitramine or monomethyl nitramine. Methylammonium nitrate was first used
Methylammonium_nitrate
Chemical compound
reagent to introduce the −NO2 functionality in organic compounds. This nitration reaction is represented as follows: N2O5 + Ar−H → HNO3 + Ar−NO2 where
Dinitrogen_pentoxide
1986 nuclear accident in the Soviet Union
increased fission in the remaining materials, risking criticality. Gadolinium nitrate solution was used to quench neutrons to slow the fission. Even after completion
Chernobyl_disaster
Chemical compound
"Tetramethylammonium nitrate". www.chemicalbook.com. Retrieved 14 April 2026. "Electrophilic Tetraalkylammonium Nitrate Nitration. II. Improved Anhydrous
Tetramethylammonium_nitrate
Chemical compound
Nitrotyrosine is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite anion and nitrogen dioxide. The phenol group
Nitrotyrosine
Class of enzymes
Nitrate reductases are molybdoenzymes that reduce nitrate (NO− 3) to nitrite (NO− 2). This reaction is critical for the production of protein in most
Nitrate_reductase
1991 Dutch collage film
Lyrical Nitrate (Dutch: Lyrisch Nitraat) is a 1991 collage film by Peter Delpeut. The film consists of clips from various silent films printed on decaying
Lyrical_Nitrate
Chemical compound
Guanidine nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula CH5N3·HNO3 (linear formula NH2C(=NH)NH2·HNO3). It is a colorless, water-soluble salt. It is
Guanidine_nitrate
Chemical compound
reported for example the nitration of aromatic compounds and selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides. Bismuth nitrate forms insoluble complexes
Bismuth(III)_nitrate
Chemical compound
Protactinyl nitrate, protactinium(V) oxynitrate, or erroneously known as protactinium nitrate, is a radioactive chemical compound with the formula PaO(NO3)3·xH2O
Protactinyl_nitrate
When heated, ammonium nitrate decomposes non-explosively into nitrous oxide and water vapor; however, it can be induced to decompose explosively by detonation
List of ammonium nitrate incidents and disasters
List_of_ammonium_nitrate_incidents_and_disasters
Chemical compound
Amyl nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula CH3(CH2)4ONO2. This molecule consists of the 5-carbon amyl group attached to a nitrate functional
Amyl_nitrate
Chemical compound
addition to cerium and nitrate. Double nitrates of cerium also exist. Anhydrous cerous nitrate, also called cerium(III) nitrate, is the anhydrous salt
Cerium_nitrates
Chemical reagent used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones
tautomerize into aldehydes. The reagent consists of a solution of silver nitrate, ammonium hydroxide and some sodium hydroxide (to maintain a basic pH of
Tollens'_reagent
Chemical compound
high explosive compound synthesized by the nitration of urea or by way of a dehydration reaction of urea nitrate with sulfuric acid at 0 °C (32 °F). Oxley
Nitrourea
Art and practice of creating images by recording light
produced by the camera obscura. Albertus Magnus (1193–1280) discovered silver nitrate, and Georg Fabricius (1516–1571) discovered silver chloride. Daniele Barbaro
Photography
Chemical test
A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in a solution. Testing for the presence of nitrate via wet chemistry is
Nitrate_test
Chemical compound
Barium nitrate is the inorganic compound of barium with the nitrate anion, having the chemical formula Ba(NO3)2. It, like most barium salts, is colorless
Barium_nitrate
Explosive chemical compound
synthesis of the compound by nitrating hexamethylenetetramine. The British patent claims included the manufacture of RDX by nitration, its use with or without
RDX
Chemical compound
that is soluble in organic solvents. 1,3-Dinitrobenzene is accessible by nitration of nitrobenzene. The reaction proceeds under acid catalysis using sulfuric
1,3-Dinitrobenzene
Organic chemical compound
possible for dinitrotoluene. The most common one is 2,4-dinitrotoluene. The nitration of toluene gives sequentially mononitrotoluene, DNT, and finally TNT.
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Country in West Asia
cause of the explosion was later determined to be 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate that had been unsafely stored, and accidentally set on fire that Tuesday
Lebanon
Chemical compound
Iron(III) nitrate, or ferric nitrate, is the name used for a series of inorganic compounds with the formula Fe(NO3)3.(H2O)n. Most common is the nonahydrate
Iron(III)_nitrate
Medical device for chemical cautery
caustic pencil (or silver nitrate stick) is a device for applying topical medication containing silver nitrate and potassium nitrate, used to chemically cauterize
Caustic_pencil
Salt-cured beef product
Most recipes include nitrates, which convert the natural myoglobin in beef to nitrosomyoglobin, giving it a pink color. Nitrates and nitrites reduce the
Corned_beef
Food preservation and flavouring processes
involve smoking, spicing, cooking, or the addition of combinations of sugar, nitrate, and nitrite. Meat preservation in general (of meat from livestock, game
Curing_(food_preservation)
Substance added to soil to enhance plant growth
Calcium Nitrate. It is important to remove the calcium nitrate because calcium nitrate is extremely hygroscopic. Method 1.(Odda process) Calcium nitrate crystals
Fertilizer
Corrosive liquid of excess sulfur trioxide in solution
important use of oleum as a reagent is the secondary nitration of nitrobenzene. The first nitration can occur with nitric acid in sulfuric acid, but this
Oleum
Central nervous system stimulant
Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, metabolic compromise, UPS dysfunction, protein nitration, endoplasmic reticulum stress, p53 expression and other processes contributed
Methamphetamine
Country in South America
one-third, eliminating Bolivia's access to the Pacific, and acquired valuable nitrate deposits, the exploitation of which led to an era of national affluence
Chile
Chemical compound
Calcium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the formula Ca(NO3)2. It forms hydrates Ca(NO3)2·xH2O. The anhydrous compound, which is rarely encountered
Calcium_nitrate
Chemical compound
3-nitrochlorobenzene. 4-Nitrochlorobenzene is prepared industrially by nitration of chlorobenzene: ClC6H5 + HNO3 → ClC6H4NO2 + H2O This reaction affords
4-Nitrochlorobenzene
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
Depression because 80% of government revenue came from exports of copper and nitrates, which were in low demand. Chile initially felt the impact of the Great
Great_Depression
Chemical compound
the distillation of a mixture of methanol and nitric acid, or by the nitration of methanol by a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids. The first procedure
Methyl_nitrate
Chemical compound CsNO3
Caesium nitrate or cesium nitrate is a salt with the chemical formula CsNO3. An alkali metal nitrate, it is used in pyrotechnic compositions, as a colorant
Caesium_nitrate
Topics referred to by the same term
Nitrate reductases are enzymes that reduce nitrate to nitrite. Nitrate reductase may also refer to: Nitrate reductase (cytochrome) Nitrate reductase (NADH)
Nitrate reductase (disambiguation)
Nitrate_reductase_(disambiguation)
Feature or short film that is no longer known to exist at all
have value beyond their theatrical run, so many were discarded afterward. Nitrate film used in early pictures was highly flammable and susceptible to degradation
Lost_film
Chemical compound
ISSN 2046-2069. registration required Schofield, Kenneth (1980). Aromatic Nitration. CUP Archive. p. 97. ISBN 9780521233620. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
Zirconium_nitrate
Chemical compound
sublimable solid, 1-nitronaphthalene is the main product of the direct nitration of naphthalene. It is an intermediate in the production of naphthylamine
1-Nitronaphthalene
Chemical compound
Hydrazine nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula [N2H5]NO3. It is a colorless crystalline solid. It is the hydrazine salt of nitric
Hydrazine_nitrate
Chemical element with atomic number 47 (Ag)
compounds are used in photographic and X-ray film. Dilute solutions of silver nitrate and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides
Silver
Method used to detect aromatic amino acids in a solution
The yellow colour is due to xanthoproteic acid which is formed due to nitration of certain amino acids, most common examples being tyrosine and tryptophan
Xanthoproteic_reaction
Index of chemical compounds with the same name
Cobalt nitrate can refer to: Cobalt(II) nitrate and its several hydrates Cobalt(III) nitrate, a diamagnetic volatile compound This set index article lists
Cobalt_nitrate
Chemical compound
Lead(II) nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Pb(NO3)2. It commonly occurs as a colourless crystal or white powder and, unlike most
Lead(II)_nitrate
Chemical compound
Butyl nitrate is a colorless oil. It is often confused with butyl nitrite, which is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant. Butyl nitrate is an explosive
Butyl_nitrate
Portmanteau name for nitrite derivatives
E0 = +2.65 V Oxidation reactions usually result in the formation of the nitrate ion, with nitrogen in oxidation state +5. For example, oxidation with permanganate
Nitrite
Chemical compound
Tetraethylammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula [(CH3CH2)4N]NO3. It is a colorless crystalline solid. It is a quaternary ammonium
Tetraethylammonium_nitrate
Type of firearm propellant
a mixture of sulfur, charcoal (which is mostly carbon), and potassium nitrate (saltpeter). The sulfur and charcoal act as fuels, while the saltpeter
Gunpowder
Class of chemical compounds
Nitrate chlorides are mixed anion compounds that contain both nitrate (NO3−) and chloride (Cl−) ions. Various compounds are known, including amino acid
Nitrate_chlorides
Chemical compound
Urea nitrate is a fertilizer-based high explosive with the chemical formula of CH5N3O4 (or (NH2)2COHNO3) that has been used in improvised explosive devices
Urea_nitrate
United States Army officer (1918–1995)
children.[citation needed] After the war, Nixon worked at his family's Nixon Nitration Works in Edison (then Raritan Township), New Jersey, alongside his father
Lewis_Nixon_III
Transparent sheet used in animation
classical, hand-drawn animation. Actual celluloid (consisting of cellulose nitrate and camphor) was used during the first half of the 20th century. Since
Cel
Chemical compound
Trifluorotoluene is a precursor to related derivatives. Nitration gives 3-nitrotrifluorotoluene. Similarly, nitration of 2-chlorotrifluorotoluene gives
Trifluorotoluene
Solution of urea and ammonium nitrate in water used as a fertilizer
a solution of urea and ammonium nitrate in water used as a fertilizer. The combination of urea and ammonium nitrate has an extremely low critical relative
UAN
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
changes, including (in addition to tauopathy) inflammation, oxidative/nitrative stress, DNA damage, epigenetic changes, excitotoxicity, endosomal/lysosomal
Alzheimer's_disease
Class of chemical compounds
Carbonate nitrates are mixed anion compounds containing both carbonate and nitrate ions. Hydrotalcite can contain carbonate and nitrate ions between its
Carbonate_nitrate
Fluoride nitrates are mixed anion compounds that contain both fluoride ions and nitrate ions. Compounds are known for some amino acids and for some heavy
Fluoride_nitrate
Chemical compound
Aluminium nitrate is a white, water-soluble salt of aluminium and nitric acid, most commonly existing as the crystalline hydrate, aluminium nitrate nonahydrate
Aluminium_nitrate
Chemical element with atomic number 7 (N)
as an electrophile for aromatic nitration: HNO3 + 2 H2SO4 ⇌ NO+ 2 + H3O+ + 2 HSO− 4 The thermal stabilities of nitrates (involving the trigonal planar
Nitrogen
Topics referred to by the same term
is the mineral form of potassium nitrate (KNO3), a chemical compound. It may also sometimes refer to: Sodium nitrate (NaNO3), a compound Chile saltpeter
Saltpeter_(disambiguation)
Henry reaction: Nitration of an alkene with nitryl iodide generated in-situ from silver nitrite and elemental iodine: Direct nitration of alkenes with
Nitroalkene
Chemical compound
either the Henry reaction of benzaldehyde and nitromethane or by direct nitration of styrene using nitric oxide. 3-Nitrostyrene (O2NC6H4CH=CH2) Markofsky
Β-Nitrostyrene
Area of the Central Valley in California
nitrates over the MCL. According to this chart, there were eight wells which had nitrate levels above the 10 mg/L MCL, out of 90 sampled for nitrates
San_Joaquin_Valley
Steep-sided canyon in Arizona, US
installed low-NOx SOFA burners in 2009–2011, reducing emissions of NOx, a nitrate precursor, by 40% The plant shut down completely in 2019. Emissions from
Grand_Canyon
Solid form of plant resin
Rosin (/ˈrɒzɪn/), also known as colophony or Greek pitch (Latin: pix graeca), is a resinous material obtained from pine trees and other plants, mostly
Rosin
NITRATION
NITRATION
NITRATION
NITRATION
Girl/Female
Hindu
Dedicated to truth, Personified
Boy/Male
Russian Ukrainian
Brave.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sincere wish
Boy/Male
English
Keeper of horses.
Male
Dutch
, who is like God?
Girl/Female
Indian
Boy/Male
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Punjabi, Sikh
Eyes; Leader; Guide
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Telugu, Traditional
One who has Mouth Like an Elephant
Girl/Female
Spanish
Perfect.
Boy/Male
Italian American Teutonic German Shakespearean Spanish
Form of Alphonse: see Alfonso.
NITRATION
NITRATION
NITRATION
NITRATION
NITRATION