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MDC 2

  • MDC-2
  • Cryptographic hash function

    In cryptography, MDC-2 (Modification Detection Code 2, sometimes called Meyer–Schilling,[citation needed] standardized in ISO 10118-2) is a cryptographic

    MDC-2

    MDC-2

  • Salt (cryptography)
  • Random data used as an additional input to a hash function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    Salt (cryptography)

    Salt_(cryptography)

  • SHA-2
  • Set of cryptographic hash functions

    SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published

    SHA-2

    SHA-2

    SHA-2

  • Metropolitan Detention Center, Brooklyn
  • Federal detention facility in Brooklyn, New York

    The Metropolitan Detention Center, Brooklyn, also MDC Brooklyn, is a United States federal administrative detention facility in the Sunset Park neighborhood

    Metropolitan Detention Center, Brooklyn

    Metropolitan Detention Center, Brooklyn

    Metropolitan_Detention_Center,_Brooklyn

  • Merkle tree
  • Type of data structure

    nodes under each node. Usually, a cryptographic hash function such as SHA-2 is used for the hashing. If the hash tree only needs to protect against unintentional

    Merkle tree

    Merkle tree

    Merkle_tree

  • One-way compression function
  • Cryptographic primitive

    and MDC-2/Meyer–Schilling, MDC-4, Hirose (double-block-length compression functions). These methods are described in detail further down. (MDC-2 is also

    One-way compression function

    One-way compression function

    One-way_compression_function

  • Miami Dade College
  • Public college in Miami, Florida, US

    Miami Dade College (MDC) is a public college located in Miami, Florida, United States. Established in 1960, MDC operates eight campuses and numerous outreach

    Miami Dade College

    Miami Dade College

    Miami_Dade_College

  • HMAC
  • Computer communications authentication algorithm

    key prior to communication. Any cryptographic hash function, such as SHA-2 or SHA-3, may be used in the calculation of an HMAC; the resulting MAC algorithm

    HMAC

    HMAC

    HMAC

  • MDC (band)
  • American punk rock band

    MDC is an American punk rock band formed in 1979 in Austin, Texas, subsequently based in San Francisco, and currently Portland, Oregon. Among the first

    MDC (band)

    MDC (band)

    MDC_(band)

  • Scrypt
  • 2009 password-based key derivation function

    attacks CostFactor (N): Integer CPU/memory cost parameter – Must be a power of 2 (e.g. 1024) BlockSizeFactor (r): Integer blocksize parameter, which fine-tunes

    Scrypt

    Scrypt

  • PBKDF2
  • Key derivation function

    cryptography, PBKDF1 and PBKDF2 (Password-Based Key Derivation Function 1 and 2) are key derivation functions with a sliding computational cost, used to reduce

    PBKDF2

    PBKDF2

  • Yescrypt
  • Password-based key derivation function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    Yescrypt

    Yescrypt

  • Rainbow table
  • Password cracking dataset

    represent the reduction functions, a rainbow appears in the rainbow table. Figure 2 of Oechslin's paper contains a black-and-white graphic that illustrates how

    Rainbow table

    Rainbow_table

  • BLAKE (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    XORed with round constants, is added before each ChaCha round. Like SHA-2, there are two variants differing in the word size. ChaCha operates on a 4×4

    BLAKE (hash function)

    BLAKE_(hash_function)

  • ChaCha20-Poly1305
  • Authenticated encryption with associated data algorithm

    and 96-bit nonce) and a variant of the original Poly1305 (authenticating 2 strings) being combined in an IETF draft to be used in TLS and DTLS, and chosen

    ChaCha20-Poly1305

    ChaCha20-Poly1305

  • Argon2
  • 2015 password-based key derivation function

    a Creative Commons CC0 license (i.e. public domain) or the Apache License 2.0. The Argon2 function uses a large, fixed-size memory region (often called

    Argon2

    Argon2

  • Password Hashing Competition
  • Open competition to select password hash functions

    Gonsalves. "Contest aims to boost state of password encryption" Archived 2 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine. 2013. Antone Gonsalves. "Auckland Uni

    Password Hashing Competition

    Password_Hashing_Competition

  • Cryptography
  • Practice and study of secure communication techniques

    NIST. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2 October 2012. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015. Diffie, Whitfield;

    Cryptography

    Cryptography

    Cryptography

  • Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai
  • Political party in Zimbabwe

    The Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T) was a centre-left political party and was the main opposition party in the House of Assembly of

    Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai

    Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai

    Movement_for_Democratic_Change_–_Tsvangirai

  • Avalanche effect
  • Concept in cryptography

    f(X) and f(Y) is distributed according to the binomial distribution B(n, 1/2), where n is the number of bits in X or Y. Higher-order generalizations of

    Avalanche effect

    Avalanche effect

    Avalanche_effect

  • Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite
  • Set of cryptographic algorithms by the NSA

    versions of CNSA exist: the pre-quantum 1.0 of 2015 and the quantum-resistant 2.0 of 2022. A singular parameter length is provided for protection up to TOP

    Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite

    Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite

    Commercial_National_Security_Algorithm_Suite

  • Birthday attack
  • Type of cryptographic attack

    l = 2 l / 2 , {\textstyle {\sqrt {2^{l}}}=2^{l/2},} where l {\textstyle l} is the bit length of the hash output, and with 2 l − 1 {\textstyle 2^{l-1}}

    Birthday attack

    Birthday_attack

  • SipHash
  • Hash functions

    the number of finalization rounds. The recommended parameters are SipHash-2-4 for best performance, and SipHash-4-8 for conservative security. A few languages

    SipHash

    SipHash

  • CAESAR Competition
  • Competition to design encryption schemes

    use cases: 1: Lightweight applications (resource constrained environments) 2: High-performance applications 3: Defense in depth The final portfolio announced

    CAESAR Competition

    CAESAR_Competition

  • Message authentication code
  • Information used for message authentication and integrity checking

    versions before 1.2, the input data is split in halves that are each processed with a different hashing primitive (SHA-1 and SHA-2) then XORed together

    Message authentication code

    Message_authentication_code

  • Cryptographic hash function
  • Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography

    output result (hash value) for a random input string ("message") is 2 − n {\displaystyle 2^{-n}} (as for any good hash), so the hash value can be used as a

    Cryptographic hash function

    Cryptographic hash function

    Cryptographic_hash_function

  • Bcrypt
  • Password-based key derivation function

    which differs from RFC 4648 Base64 encoding. $2$ (1999) The original bcrypt specification defined a prefix of $2$. This follows the Modular Crypt Format format

    Bcrypt

    Bcrypt

  • Preimage attack
  • Attack model against cryptographic hash functions

    computers perform a structured preimage attack in 2 n = 2 n 2 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {2^{n}}}=2^{\frac {n}{2}}} , which also implies second preimage and thus

    Preimage attack

    Preimage_attack

  • JH (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    JH (hash function)

    JH_(hash_function)

  • Proof of work
  • System that regulates the formation of blocks on a blockchain

    Defending Against Cryptojacking". IEEE Computer Architecture Letters. 19 (2): 126–129. doi:10.1109/LCA.2023.3017457 (inactive 15 March 2026). ISSN 1556-6056

    Proof of work

    Proof_of_work

  • One-key MAC
  • Message authentication code algorithm

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    One-key MAC

    One-key_MAC

  • HKDF
  • Key derivation function based on an HMAC

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    HKDF

    HKDF

  • HAVAL
  • Cryptographic hash function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    HAVAL

    HAVAL

  • Poly1305
  • Universal hash family used for message authentication in cryptography

    i − 16 ] + 2 8 m [ 16 i − 15 ] + 2 16 m [ 16 i − 14 ] + ⋯ + 2 120 m [ 16 i − 1 ] + 2 128 , {\displaystyle c_{i}=m[16i-16]+2^{8}m[16i-15]+2^{16}m[16i-14]+\cdots

    Poly1305

    Poly1305

  • Pepper (cryptography)
  • Cryptographic secret, not public in contrast to salt

    pepper. If the password is correct, the correct pepper will be found in R/2 hash evaluations on average. If the password is incorrect, all R values must

    Pepper (cryptography)

    Pepper_(cryptography)

  • Authenticated encryption
  • Encryption method

    different authenticated encryption modes (namely offset codebook mode 2.0, OCB 2.0; Key Wrap; counter with CBC-MAC, CCM; encrypt then authenticate then

    Authenticated encryption

    Authenticated_encryption

  • SM3 (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    Retrieved 2022-07-30. Wang Xiaoyun. SM3 Cryptographic Hash Algorithm[J]. Journal of Information Security Research, 2016, 2(11): 983-994. SM4 (cipher) v t e

    SM3 (hash function)

    SM3_(hash_function)

  • Hash collision
  • Hash function phenomenon

    Practical Embedded Security, Elsevier, pp. 83–114, doi:10.1016/b978-075068215-2.50006-9, ISBN 9780750682152, retrieved 2021-12-08{{citation}}: CS1 maint:

    Hash collision

    Hash collision

    Hash_collision

  • MD5
  • Message-digest hashing algorithm

    attack exists that can find collisions within seconds on a computer with a 2.6 GHz Pentium 4 processor (complexity of 224.1). Further, there is also a

    MD5

    MD5

  • Brute-force attack
  • Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data

    a lower limit on the energy required to perform a computation of kT  · ln 2 per bit erased in a computation, where T is the temperature of the computing

    Brute-force attack

    Brute-force_attack

  • Length extension attack
  • Attack against cryptographical hash functions

    and most of SHA-2 that are based on the Merkle–Damgård construction are susceptible to this kind of attack. Truncated versions of SHA-2, including SHA-384

    Length extension attack

    Length_extension_attack

  • Merkle–Damgård construction
  • Method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions

    in the design of many popular hash algorithms such as MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-2. The Merkle–Damgård construction was described in Ralph Merkle's Ph.D. thesis

    Merkle–Damgård construction

    Merkle–Damgård construction

    Merkle–Damgård_construction

  • RIPEMD
  • Cryptographic hash function

    is necessary. While RIPEMD functions are less popular than SHA-1 and SHA-2, they are used, among others, in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies based

    RIPEMD

    RIPEMD

    RIPEMD

  • SHA-1
  • Cryptographic hash function

    recommended to remove SHA-1 from products as soon as possible and instead use SHA-2 or SHA-3. Replacing SHA-1 is urgent where it is used for digital signatures

    SHA-1

    SHA-1

  • Collision attack
  • Cryptographic attack

    {\displaystyle m_{1}} ⁠ and ⁠ m 2 {\displaystyle m_{2}} ⁠, such that h a s h ( m 1 ) = h a s h ( m 2 ) {\displaystyle hash(m_{1})=hash(m_{2})} . In a classical collision

    Collision attack

    Collision_attack

  • Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube
  • Zimbabwean political party

    Change – Mutambara (MDC–M) in contrast to the larger Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T). The MDC–N and the MDC–T operated as separate

    Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube

    Movement_for_Democratic_Change_–_Ncube

  • MD2 (hash function)
  • Obsolete cryptographic hash function

    Part III — Algorithms, Modes, and Identifiers. Rivest, Ron. IETF. sec. 4.2. doi:10.17487/RFC1115. RFC 1115. Retrieved 26 April 2021. RSA Laboratories

    MD2 (hash function)

    MD2_(hash_function)

  • Galois/Counter Mode
  • Authenticated encryption mode

    field used is defined by the polynomial x 128 + x 7 + x 2 + x + 1 {\displaystyle x^{128}+x^{7}+x^{2}+x+1} . Because the GF(2128) multiplications used for

    Galois/Counter Mode

    Galois/Counter_Mode

  • SHA-3
  • Set of cryptographic hash functions

    SHA-3 is internally different from the MD5-like structure of SHA-1 and SHA-2. SHA-3 is a subset of the broader cryptographic primitive family Keccak (/ˈkɛtʃæk/

    SHA-3

    SHA-3

  • Secure Hash Algorithms
  • Family of cryptographic hash functions

    standard was no longer approved for most cryptographic uses after 2010. SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known

    Secure Hash Algorithms

    Secure_Hash_Algorithms

  • MD6
  • Cryptographic hash function

    Authors claim a performance of 28 cycles per byte for MD6-256 on an Intel Core 2 Duo and provable resistance against differential cryptanalysis. The source

    MD6

    MD6

  • 2008 Zimbabwean general election
  • seats, the MDC (Tsvangirai) had 62 seats, and the MDC (Mutambara) had 5 seats. Biti, claiming victory for the MDC, said on 2 April that the MDC had won 110

    2008 Zimbabwean general election

    2008 Zimbabwean general election

    2008_Zimbabwean_general_election

  • Balloon hashing
  • Memory-hard key derivation function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    Balloon hashing

    Balloon_hashing

  • Sponge function
  • Theory of cryptography

    and C respectively. f produces a pseudorandom permutation of the 2 b {\displaystyle 2^{b}} states from S. P appends enough bits to the input string so

    Sponge function

    Sponge function

    Sponge_function

  • Block cipher mode of operation
  • Cryptography algorithm

    for the next message is insecure (for example, this method was used by SSL 2.0). If an attacker knows the IV (or the previous block of ciphertext) before

    Block cipher mode of operation

    Block cipher mode of operation

    Block_cipher_mode_of_operation

  • AES-GCM-SIV
  • Authenticated encryption mode with resistance against nonce reuse

    defined over the "reverse" polynomial: x 128 + x 7 + x 2 + x + 1 {\displaystyle x^{128}+x^{7}+x^{2}+x+1} This change provides efficiency benefits on little-endian

    AES-GCM-SIV

    AES-GCM-SIV

  • MD4
  • Cryptographic hash function

    Deriving a key from a password is as specified in [RFC1320] and [FIPS46-2]. Bert den Boer, Antoon Bosselaers (1991). "An Attack on the Last Two Rounds

    MD4

    MD4

    MD4

  • Key stretching
  • Techniques to protect against brute-force attack

    law asserts that computer speed doubles roughly every 2 years. Under this assumption, every 2 years one more bit of key strength is plausibly brute-forcible

    Key stretching

    Key_stretching

  • 2013 Zimbabwean general election
  • serve a five-year term. Robert Mugabe, ZANU–PF Welshman Ncube, MDC-N Morgan Tsvangirai, MDC-T Dumiso Dabengwa, ZAPU Kisinoti Mukwazhe (also spelt Kisnot

    2013 Zimbabwean general election

    2013 Zimbabwean general election

    2013_Zimbabwean_general_election

  • Tiger (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    compatibility with protocols assuming a particular hash size. Unlike the SHA-2 family, no distinguishing initialization values are defined; they are simply

    Tiger (hash function)

    Tiger_(hash_function)

  • Message authentication
  • System to verify the source and or authenticity of a message

    New Delhi: Prentice Hall India Private Lt. p. 124. ISBN 978-81-203-3351-2. Jacobs, Stuart (2011). Engineering Information Security: The Application

    Message authentication

    Message_authentication

  • CCM mode
  • Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers

    Crypto++ benchmarks, AES CCM requires 28.6 cycles per byte on an Intel Core 2 processor in 32-bit mode. Notable inefficiencies: CCM is not an "on-line"

    CCM mode

    CCM_mode

  • OpenSSL
  • Open-source TLS and cryptography library

    SM4. Cryptographic hash functions MD5, MD4, MD2, SHA-1, SHA-2, SHA-3, RIPEMD-160, MDC-2, GOST R 34.11-94, BLAKE2, Whirlpool, and SM3. Public-key cryptography

    OpenSSL

    OpenSSL

    OpenSSL

  • Major Diagnostic Category
  • Categories of medical diagnoses into 25 diagnosis areas

    Categories (MDC) are formed by dividing all possible principal diagnoses (from ICD-9-CM) into 25 mutually exclusive diagnosis areas. MDC codes, like diagnosis-related

    Major Diagnostic Category

    Major_Diagnostic_Category

  • Grøstl
  • Cryptographic hash function

    The authors claim speeds of up to 21.4 cycles per byte on an Intel Core 2 Duo, and 9.6 cycles/byte on an Intel i7 with AES-NI. According to the submission

    Grøstl

    Grøstl

  • Fugue (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    efficiency, achieving up to 36.2 cycles per byte on an Intel Family 6 Model 15 Xeon 5150, and up to 25 cycles per byte on an Intel Core 2 processor T7700. On 45 nm

    Fugue (hash function)

    Fugue_(hash_function)

  • HAIFA construction
  • Design method for cryptographic hash functions

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    HAIFA construction

    HAIFA_construction

  • Comparison of cryptographic hash functions
  • Tables comparing general and technical information for common hashes

    size of 131-bit is the comparable length size ( 8 × 2 128 = 2 131 {\displaystyle 8\times 2^{128}=2^{131}} ). The size of BLAKE2s's message length counter

    Comparison of cryptographic hash functions

    Comparison_of_cryptographic_hash_functions

  • HAS-160
  • Cryptographic hash function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    HAS-160

    HAS-160

  • Equihash
  • Memory-hard proof-of-work algorithm

    -bit values i 1 , i 2 , . . . , i 2 k {\displaystyle i_{1},i_{2},...,i_{2^{k}}} to satisfy H ( i 1 ) ⊕ H ( i 2 ) ⊕ . . . ⊕ H ( i 2 k ) = 0 {\displaystyle

    Equihash

    Equihash

  • EAX mode
  • Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers

    parameters may represent the Associated Data). Notably, CCM mode lacks the last 2 attributes (CCM can process Associated Data, it can't pre-process it). The

    EAX mode

    EAX_mode

  • Skein (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    a candidate to become the SHA-3 standard, the successor of SHA-1 and SHA-2, it ultimately lost to NIST hash candidate Keccak. The name Skein refers to

    Skein (hash function)

    Skein (hash function)

    Skein_(hash_function)

  • Streebog
  • Russian cryptographic hash function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    Streebog

    Streebog

  • Movement for Democratic Change Alliance
  • Political party in Zimbabwe

    were splinters of the original MDC (MDC-T, MDC-N and PDP) reunited to form a single political party under the name MDC-Alliance. Nelson Chamisa was elected

    Movement for Democratic Change Alliance

    Movement_for_Democratic_Change_Alliance

  • Puzzle friendliness
  • Property of cryptographic hash functions

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    Puzzle friendliness

    Puzzle_friendliness

  • OCB mode
  • Authenticated encryption mode of operation for block ciphers

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    OCB mode

    OCB_mode

  • Movement for Democratic Change (1999–2005)
  • Zimbabwean political party

    Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) was a Zimbabwean political party organised under the leadership of Morgan Tsvangirai. The MDC was formed in 1999 as an opposition

    Movement for Democratic Change (1999–2005)

    Movement for Democratic Change (1999–2005)

    Movement_for_Democratic_Change_(1999–2005)

  • SIMD (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    SIMD (hash function)

    SIMD_(hash_function)

  • PMAC (cryptography)
  • Message authentication code algorithm

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    PMAC (cryptography)

    PMAC_(cryptography)

  • MDC-1200
  • Two-way radio data system

    MDC-1200 sounds leading push-to-talk ID with data muting. Problems playing this file? See media help. MDC-1200 sounds leading push-to-talk ID without

    MDC-1200

    MDC-1200

  • Hash function security summary
  • Publicly known attacks against cryptographic hash functions

    Palash Sarkar (2008-11-25). New Collision Attacks against Up to 24-Step SHA-2. Indocrypt 2008. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-89754-5_8. L. Song, G. Liao and J.

    Hash function security summary

    Hash_function_security_summary

  • CBC-MAC
  • Message authentication code algorithm

    computation of the CBC-MAC of a message comprising blocks m 1 ‖ m 2 ‖ ⋯ ‖ m x {\displaystyle m_{1}\|m_{2}\|\cdots \|m_{x}} using a secret key k and a block cipher

    CBC-MAC

    CBC-MAC

    CBC-MAC

  • Data Authentication Algorithm
  • Message authentication code algorithm

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    Data Authentication Algorithm

    Data_Authentication_Algorithm

  • Crypt (C)
  • Key derivation function of password hash

    and (since version 2.7) SHA-2 based hashing algorithms mentioned above. Ulrich Drepper, the glibc maintainer, rejected bcrypt (scheme 2) support since it

    Crypt (C)

    Crypt_(C)

  • Whirlpool (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    2.2]. Formally, a circulant matrix can be represented as: cir ( a 0 , a 1 , … , a n − 1 ) = ( a 0 a 1 a 2 ⋯ a n − 1 a n − 1 a 0 a 1 ⋯ a n − 2 a n − 2

    Whirlpool (hash function)

    Whirlpool_(hash_function)

  • N-hash
  • Cryptographic hash function

    Iwata, M. (November 1990). "128-bit hash function (N-hash)". NTT Review. 2 (6): 128–132. Biham, Eli; Shamir, Adi (1991). "Differential Cryptanalysis

    N-hash

    N-hash

  • Spectral Hash
  • Cryptographic hash function

    fields and discrete Fourier transforms. The authors claim 512-bit hashes at 51.2 gigabits per second on a 100-MHz Virtex-4 FPGA. Spectral hash is insecure;

    Spectral Hash

    Spectral_Hash

  • Lane (hash function)
  • Cryptographic hash function

    components from AES in a custom construction. The authors claim performance of up to 25.66 cycles per byte on an Intel Core 2 Duo. The Lane web site v t e

    Lane (hash function)

    Lane_(hash_function)

  • IAPM (mode)
  • Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers

    Integrity" (PS). Cryptology ePrint Archive. ACR Report 2000/039. Retrieved April 2, 2010. Jutla, Charanjit S. (6 May 2001). Encryption Modes with Almost Free

    IAPM (mode)

    IAPM (mode)

    IAPM_(mode)

  • Shabal
  • Cryptographic hash function

    Shabal in which the number of iterations in the finalization is 24N (N ≥ 2), instead of 36. However, this attack does not work for the original Shabal

    Shabal

    Shabal

  • GOST (hash function)
  • Russian cryptographic hash function

    K 1 ) {\displaystyle s_{1}=E(h_{1},\,K_{1})} s 2 = E ( h 2 , K 2 ) {\displaystyle s_{2}=E(h_{2},\,K_{2})} s 3 = E ( h 3 , K 3 ) {\displaystyle s_{3}=E(h_{3}

    GOST (hash function)

    GOST_(hash_function)

  • Snefru
  • Cryptographic hash function

    force search (a certificational weakness), the attack requires 2 88.5 {\displaystyle 2^{88.5}} operations and is thus not currently feasible in practice

    Snefru

    Snefru

  • VMAC
  • Message authentication code algorithm

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    VMAC

    VMAC

  • Metro DC Democratic Socialists of America
  • Washington metropolitan chapter of the Democratic Socialists of America

    Socialists of America (MDC DSA or Metro DC DSA) is the Washington metropolitan area chapter of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA). MDC DSA organizes in

    Metro DC Democratic Socialists of America

    Metro_DC_Democratic_Socialists_of_America

  • Digest access authentication
  • Method of negotiating credentials between web server and browser

    approved algorithms: "Annex A: Approved Security Functions for FIPS PUB 140-2, Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules" (PDF). National Institute

    Digest access authentication

    Digest access authentication

    Digest_access_authentication

  • Side-channel attack
  • Any attack based on information gained from the implementation of a computer system

    differential power analysis are effective as black-box attacks. The rise of Web 2.0 applications and software-as-a-service has also significantly raised the

    Side-channel attack

    Side-channel_attack

  • CWC mode
  • Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers

    CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger

    CWC mode

    CWC_mode

  • Kupyna
  • Ukrainian cryptographic hash function

    schemes. According to the paper, recovering one byte of the state requires 2.21–2.42 faults. Christoph Dobraunig; Maria Eichlseder; Florian Mendel (2015-10-01)

    Kupyna

    Kupyna

  • Berliet GD series
  • Motor vehicle

    engine. The MDCW was a MDC using Ricardo's Whirpool system. The same engine was later offered as MDC 2 C (Comet II system) and MDC 3 C (Comet III). At the

    Berliet GD series

    Berliet_GD_series

  • Substituted 2-aminoindane
  • Class of chemical compounds

    A substituted 2-aminoindane is a derivative of 2-aminoindane (2-AI) with one or more chemical substituents. They are cyclized phenethylamines and are

    Substituted 2-aminoindane

    Substituted 2-aminoindane

    Substituted_2-aminoindane

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MDC 2

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  • Venus
  • n.

    One of the planets, the second in order from the sun, its orbit lying between that of Mercury and that of the Earth, at a mean distance from the sun of about 67,000,000 miles. Its diameter is 7,700 miles, and its sidereal period 224.7 days. As the morning star, it was called by the ancients Lucifer; as the evening star, Hesperus.

  • Vegetality
  • n.

    The quality or state of being vegetal, or exhibiting those physiological phenomena which are common to plants and animals. See Vegetal, a., 2.

  • Vein
  • n.

    One of the vessels which carry blood, either venous or arterial, to the heart. See Artery, 2.

  • Voyol
  • n.

    See Viol, 2.

  • Verbarium
  • n.

    A game in word making. See Logomachy, 2.

  • Vat
  • n.

    A measure for liquids, and also a dry measure; especially, a liquid measure in Belgium and Holland, corresponding to the hectoliter of the metric system, which contains 22.01 imperial gallons, or 26.4 standard gallons in the United States.

  • Wages
  • n.

    A compensation given to a hired person for services; price paid for labor; recompense; hire. See Wage, n., 2.

  • Virgo
  • n.

    A sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st of August, marked thus [/] in almanacs.

  • Vinegarette
  • n.

    See Vinaigrette, n., 2.

  • Ripple
  • n.

    the residual AC component in the DC current output from a rectifier, expressed as a percentage of the steady component of the current.

  • Ventose
  • a.

    The sixth month of the calendar adopted by the first French republic. It began February 19, and ended March 20. See Vend/miaire.

  • Viscoidal
  • a.

    Somewhat viscous. Cf. Mobile, a., 2.

  • Vedro
  • n.

    A Russian liquid measure, equal to 3.249 gallons of U. S. standard measure, or 2.706 imperial gallons.

  • Vocal
  • a.

    Consisting of, or characterized by, voice, or tone produced in the larynx, which may be modified, either by resonance, as in the case of the vowels, or by obstructive action, as in certain consonants, such as v, l, etc., or by both, as in the nasals m, n, ng; sonant; intonated; voiced. See Voice, and Vowel, also Guide to Pronunciation, // 199-202.

  • Vigesimo-quarto
  • n.

    A book composed of sheets each of which is folded into twenty-four leaves; hence, indicating more or less definitely a size of book so made; -- usually written 24mo, or 24¡.

  • Void
  • a.

    Of no legal force or effect, incapable of confirmation or ratification; null. Cf. Voidable, 2.

  • Vendemiaire
  • n.

    The first month of the French republican calendar, dating from September 22, 1792.