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Message-digest hashing algorithm
related to this topic. The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest
MD5
Computer communications authentication algorithm
summarize security considerations in MD5 and HMAC-MD5. For HMAC-MD5 the RFC summarizes that – although the security of the MD5 hash function itself is severely
HMAC
Method of negotiating credentials between web server and browser
URI to be accessed): HA1 = MD5(username:realm:password) HA2 = MD5(method:digestURI) response = MD5(HA1:nonce:HA2) An MD5 hash is a 16-byte value. The
Digest_access_authentication
Software that verifies hashes
computer program that calculates and verifies 128-bit MD5 hashes, as described in RFC 1321. The MD5 hash functions as a compact digital fingerprint of a
Md5sum
Network protocol
In cryptography, CRAM-MD5 is a challenge–response authentication mechanism (CRAM) based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithm. As one of the mechanisms supported
CRAM-MD5
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
attacker to find two messages with the same MD5 hash, then they can find as many additional messages with that same MD5 hash as they desire, with no greater
Cryptographic_hash_function
Password cracking dataset
are specific to the hash function they were created for e.g., MD5 tables can crack only MD5 hashes. The theory of this technique was invented by Philippe
Rainbow_table
The National Security Innovation Network (previously named the MD5 National Security Technology Accelerator) is a United States Department of Defense
National Security Innovation Network
National_Security_Innovation_Network
Cryptographic attack
attacks against two very commonly used hash functions, MD5 and SHA-1. The collision attacks against MD5 have improved so much that, as of 2007, it takes just
Collision_attack
Framework for authentication and data security in Internet protocols
layer offering data integrity and data confidentiality services. DIGEST-MD5 provides an example of mechanisms which can provide a data-security layer
Simple Authentication and Security Layer
Simple_Authentication_and_Security_Layer
Set of cryptographic hash functions
end of 2008, it was possible to create forged SSL certificates using an MD5 collision which would be accepted by widely used web browsers. Increased
SHA-2
Cryptographic hash function
and SSL, PGP, SSH, S/MIME, and IPsec. Those applications can also use MD5; both MD5 and SHA-1 are descended from MD4. SHA-1 and SHA-2 are the hash algorithms
SHA-1
Authentication protocol for the point-to-point protocol
about 40 different methods defined. Methods defined in IETF RFCs include EAP-MD5, EAP-POTP, EAP-GTC, EAP-TLS, EAP-IKEv2, EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA, and EAP-AKA'. Additionally
Extensible Authentication Protocol
Extensible_Authentication_Protocol
128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems
5 (SHA-1) over version 3 (MD5). This is because it is believed that MD5 is more prone to collisions than SHA-1, though MD5 is somewhat faster. The RFC
Universally_unique_identifier
Family of cryptographic hash functions
version SHA-1. SHA-1: A 160-bit hash function which resembles the earlier MD5 algorithm. This was designed by the National Security Agency (NSA) to be
Secure_Hash_Algorithms
Key derivation function of password hash
where id: an identifier representing the hashing algorithm (such as 1 for MD5, 5 for SHA-256 etc.) param name and its value: hash complexity parameters
Crypt_(C)
Web service providing individuals with a "Globally Recognized Avatar"
Gravatars were loaded from the Gravatar web server using a URL containing an MD5 hash of the associated email address. This method has, however, been shown
Gravatar
Cryptographic hash function
length is 128 bits. The algorithm has influenced later designs, such as the MD5, SHA-1 and RIPEMD algorithms. The initialism "MD" stands for "Message Digest"
MD4
Password recovery software
Windows PWL files Cisco IOS – MD5 hashes Cisco PIX – MD5 hashes APOP – MD5 hashes CRAM-MD5 MD5 hashes OSPF – MD5 hashes RIPv2 MD5 hashes VRRP – HMAC hashes
Cain_and_Abel_(software)
Networking protocol for clock synchronization
bits Unsigned integer designating an MD5 key shared by the client and server. Message Digest (MD5): 128 bits MD5 hash covering the packet header and extension
Network_Time_Protocol
Apollo near-Earth asteroid
(458732) 2011 MD5 is an Apollo near-Earth asteroid around 1.2 kilometers (0.75 miles) in diameter. It is the largest asteroid known to have passed closer
(458732)_2011_MD5
Authentication networking protocol
present, it is hidden using a method based on the RSA Message Digest Algorithm MD5. Accounting is described in RFC 2866. When network access is granted to the
RADIUS
Extension of Internet protocol
older SASL mechanism for ESMTP authentication (ESMTPA) is CRAM-MD5, and uses of the MD5 algorithm in HMACs (hash-based message authentication codes) are
SMTP_Authentication
Dutch cryptographer (born 1981)
annual Chaos Communication Congress warning of the dangers of using the MD5 hash function in issuing SSL certificates. Several years later in 2012, according
Marc_Stevens_(cryptology)
September 1, 2014. Retrieved February 25, 2022. CRAM-MD5 to Historic, 20 November 2008. Moving DIGEST-MD5 to Historic, July 2011. "DovecotFeatures - Dovecot
Comparison_of_mail_servers
Password cracking software tool
password hash types most commonly found on various Unix versions (based on DES, MD5, or Blowfish), Kerberos AFS, and Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 LM hash. Additional
John_the_Ripper
Program to scan directories for duplicate files
pointing to the duplicate. It first compares file sizes, partial MD5 signatures, full MD5 signatures, and then performs a byte-by-byte comparison for verification
Fdupes
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
The MD5 and SHA-1 combination in the pseudorandom function (PRF) was replaced with SHA-256, with an option to use cipher suite specified PRFs. The MD5 and
Transport_Layer_Security
Operation of checking the integrity of file
hashes in sha1sum format. The ".md5" file extension, or a file named "MD5SUMS", indicates a checksum file containing 128-bit MD5 hashes in md5sum format. The
File_verification
Scheme that defines the format of magnet links
(Hex) ] Message Digest 5 (MD5) Supported by G2 (Gnutella2), such hashes are vulnerable to hash collision attacks. xt=urn:md5:[ MD5 Hash (Hex) ] There are
Magnet_URI_scheme
Set of cryptographic hash functions
of the same series of standards, SHA-3 is internally different from the MD5-like structure of SHA-1 and SHA-2. SHA-3 is a subset of the broader cryptographic
SHA-3
Video game engine
id Tech 4, originally known as the Doom 3 engine, is a game engine developed by id Software and first used in the video game Doom 3. The engine was designed
Id_Tech_4
Suite of Microsoft security protocols
CC2, domain name) v2-Hash = HMAC-MD5(NT-Hash, user name, domain name) LMv2 = HMAC-MD5(v2-Hash, SC, CC) NTv2 = HMAC-MD5(v2-Hash, SC, CC*) response = LMv2
NTLM
Type of challenge–response authentication
Alice sends a hashed version of her password instead, like in CRAM-MD5 or DIGEST-MD5. As it is a hash, Mallory doesn't get the password itself. As the
Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism
Salted_Challenge_Response_Authentication_Mechanism
Password-based key derivation function
Format format used when storing passwords in the OpenBSD password file: $1$: MD5-based crypt ('md5crypt') $2$: Blowfish-based crypt ('bcrypt') $sha1$: SHA-1-based
Bcrypt
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
series of MD5-like hash functions: SHA-0 was a flawed algorithm that the agency withdrew; SHA-1 is widely deployed and more secure than MD5, but cryptanalysts
Cryptography
Open-source password recovery tool
Windows. Examples of hashcat-supported hashing algorithms are LM hashes, MD4, MD5, SHA-family and Unix Crypt formats as well as algorithms used in MySQL and
Hashcat
American cryptographer (born 1947)
co-inventor of RC6. (RC stands for "Rivest Cipher".) He also devised the MD2, MD4, MD5 and MD6 cryptographic hash functions. Rivest earned a bachelor's degree in
Ron_Rivest
File format for storing file checksums
checkSum+, Mac OS X, MD5 compatible, free isfv sfv checksum verifier for Mac OS X RapidCRC- Freeware application RekSFV - SFV, MD5, SHA1 utility (Multi-Language
Simple_file_verification
Method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions
construction was used in the design of many popular hash algorithms such as MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-2. The Merkle–Damgård construction was described in Ralph
Merkle–Damgård_construction
Recovering passwords stored by computer systems
bcrypt, is many orders of magnitude better than a naive function like simple MD5 or SHA. A user-selected eight-character password with numbers, mixed case
Password_cracking
Black-hat criminal hacker group
physical addresses, birth dates, order histories and passwords stored as MD5 hashes. Pizza Hut Australia: In September 2023, ShinyHunters claimed to have
ShinyHunters
Tool to change passwords on Unix-like OSes
Enhancements "Password hashing with MD5-crypt in relation to MD5 – Vidar's Blog". 9 August 2011. "Implementation of SHA512-crypt vs MD5-crypt – Vidar's Blog". 16
Passwd
Website providing torrent files and magnet links
were able to delete torrents and expose users' IP-addresses, emails and MD5-hashed passwords. The Pirate Bay was taken offline for upgrades. Users visiting
The_Pirate_Bay
Secure network protocol suite
29, 2014. RFC 1829: The ESP DES-CBC Transform RFC 2403: The Use of HMAC-MD5-96 within ESP and AH RFC 2404: The Use of HMAC-SHA-1-96 within ESP and AH
IPsec
Model for disclosing computer security vulnerabilities
Selected security vulnerabilities resolved by applying coordinated disclosure: MD5 collision attack that shows how to create false CA certificates, 1 week Starbucks
Coordinated vulnerability disclosure
Coordinated_vulnerability_disclosure
4021, obsolete] A Base64-encoded binary MD5 sum of the content of the request body. For example: Content-MD5: Q2hlY2sgSW50ZWdyaXR5IQ== [RFC 9110, permanent]
List_of_HTTP_header_fields
Football league season
Rovers Geylang International Balestier Khalsa (MD1) Hougang United (MD3, MD5) Lion City Sailors (MD1) Young Lions (MD2, MD3, MD5) Our Tampines Hub 5,100
2025–26 Singapore Premier League
2025–26_Singapore_Premier_League
Text after the # in a resource URI
"char" and "line", and an integrity check can be added, either "length" or "md5". Browser support seems lacking. The following example identifies lines 11
URI_fragment
Software that calculates and verifies SHA-1 hashes
ManKier.com md5(1) – FreeBSD General Commands Manual sha1sum(1) – Linux User Commands Manual sha1sum for Windows announcement FreeBSD Manual Pages md5 OpenBSD
Sha1sum
Attack against cryptographical hash functions
message and produce a valid hash without knowing the secret. Algorithms like MD5, SHA-1 and most of SHA-2 that are based on the Merkle–Damgård construction
Length_extension_attack
Cryptographic hash function
Winnerlein. The design goal was to replace the widely used, but broken, MD5 and SHA-1 algorithms in applications requiring high performance in software
BLAKE_(hash_function)
Cryptographic hash function
HAVAL is a cryptographic hash function. Unlike MD5, but like most modern cryptographic hash functions, HAVAL can produce hashes of different lengths –
HAVAL
Hierarchical file packaging format
the manifest filename. For instance, a manifest file with MD5 checksums is named manifest-md5.txt. a bagit.txt file that identifies the directory as a
BagIt
Information used for message authentication and integrity checking
message authentication codes List Comparison Known attacks Common functions MD5 (compromised) SHA-1 (compromised) SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2 SHA-3 finalists BLAKE
Message_authentication_code
Computer network management and monitoring protocol
(AuthPriv). Definition of different authentication and privacy protocols – MD5, SHA and HMAC-SHA-2 authentication protocols and the CBC_DES and CFB_AES_128
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
Publicly known attacks against cryptographic hash functions
demonstrated in practice — complexity is low enough to be actually used Vulnerable: MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA512 Not vulnerable: SHA384, SHA-3, BLAKE2 Hashes described
Hash function security summary
Hash_function_security_summary
Property of cryptographic hash functions
functions that were once thought to be collision resistant were later broken. MD5 and SHA-1 in particular both have published techniques more efficient than
Collision_resistance
Key derivation function
message authentication codes List Comparison Known attacks Common functions MD5 (compromised) SHA-1 (compromised) SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2 SHA-3 finalists BLAKE
PBKDF2
Encryption method
message authentication codes List Comparison Known attacks Common functions MD5 (compromised) SHA-1 (compromised) SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2 SHA-3 finalists BLAKE
Authenticated_encryption
Random data used as an additional input to a hash function
message authentication codes List Comparison Known attacks Common functions MD5 (compromised) SHA-1 (compromised) SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2 SHA-3 finalists BLAKE
Salt_(cryptography)
Architectural framework of telecommunications
the Digest-MD5 method, towards a Common-IMS platform, yet in its own and again different approach. Although all 3 variants of Digest-MD5 authentication
IP_Multimedia_Subsystem
USB drive software
exFAT, UDF and ReFS filesystems. Rufus can also be used to compute the MD5, SHA-1 and SHA-256 hashes of the currently selected image. Rufus is capable
Rufus_(software)
sim seq Index sequence similarity to data sources md5 annotation summary Generate summary report md5 annotation, function annotation, organism annotation
MG-RAST
International football competition
Rank Player Team MD1 MD2 MD3 MD4 MD5 MD6 R16-1 R16-2 QF1 QF2 SF1 SF2 F Total 1 Trent Buhagiar Tampines Rovers 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 2 Kingsley Coman Al-Nassr
2025–26 AFC Champions League Two
2025–26_AFC_Champions_League_Two
German cryptographer (1952 - 2006)
cryptographer who is best known for his work on cryptanalysis of the MD4, MD5, and original RIPEMD hash functions, and for his part in the design of the
Hans_Dobbertin
Attack model against cryptographic hash functions
practical. All currently known practical or almost-practical attacks on MD5 and SHA-1 are collision attacks. In general, a collision attack is easier
Preimage_attack
Indian clothing retail company
phone numbers, physical addresses, order histories and passwords stored as MD5 hashes was dumped publicly on a hacking forum. In April 2024, ABFRL's subsidiary
Aditya Birla Fashion and Retail
Aditya_Birla_Fashion_and_Retail
Cryptographic hash function
by first appending a byte with the hexadecimal value of 0x80 as in MD4, MD5 and SHA, rather than with the hexadecimal value of 0x01 as in the case of
Tiger_(hash_function)
Cryptographic hash function
Lai, Xuejia; Yu, Hongbo (2004-08-17). "Collisions for Hash Functions MD4, MD5, HAVAL-128 and RIPEMD". Cryptology ePrint Archive. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
RIPEMD
Free URL data transfer client software
authentication mechanisms including Basic, Digest, NTLM, Negotiate, CRAM-MD5, SCRAM-SHA, Kerberos, Bearer tokens, AWS Sigv4, SASL, and reading credentials
CURL
American inventor (born 1973)
in America. From 2016 to 2017 he served as the inaugural director of the MD5 National Security Technology Accelerator (now the National Security Innovation
Adam_Jay_Harrison
Fourth edition of the ASEAN Club Championship
Rank Player Team MD1 MD2 MD3 MD4 MD5 SF1 SF2 F1 F2 Total 1 Nguyễn Xuân Son Nam Định 2 3 2 7 Bérgson Johor Darul Ta'zim 3 2 1 1 3 Guilherme Bissoli Buriram
2025–26 ASEAN Club Championship
2025–26_ASEAN_Club_Championship
Modular computer malware discovered in 2012
Oil Ministry computers. As Kaspersky Lab investigated, they discovered an MD5 hash and filename that appeared only on customer machines from Middle Eastern
Flame_(malware)
Technique for defeating password protection using lists of likely possibilities
against dictionary attacks. While other hashing functions, such as SHA and MD5, are much faster and less expensive to compute, they can still be strengthened
Dictionary_attack
Set of algorithms that help secure a network connection
Authentication Block/stream ciphers Message authentication RSA RSA RC4 Hash-based MD5 Diffie–Hellman DSA Triple DES SHA hash function (SHA-1 and SHA-2) ECDH ECDSA
Cipher_suite
Protocol for transporting RADIUS datagrams over TCP and TLS
constructions which use the MD5 algorithm, which has been proven to be insecure. All packet authentication is also based on MD5. In order to address these
RadSec
Hash function phenomenon
maint: work parameter with ISBN (link) Schneier, Bruce. "Cryptanalysis of MD5 and SHA: Time for a New Standard". Computerworld. Archived from the original
Hash_collision
Volunteer computing project aimed at finding a MD5 collision
to demonstrate that the MD5 message digest algorithm is insecure by finding a collision – two messages that produce the same MD5 hash. The project went
MD5CRK
Free software IMAP and POP3 server
and message submission agent (MSA) access, including CRAM-MD5 and the more secure DIGEST-MD5. Version 2.2 brought new features including additional IMAP
Dovecot_(software)
Family of Internet mail protocols
the core protocol. APOP is a challenge–response protocol which uses the MD5 hash function in an attempt to avoid replay attacks and disclosure of the
Post_Office_Protocol
Single-use value in secure communications
instance, nonces are used in HTTP digest access authentication to calculate an MD5 digest of the password. The nonces are different each time the 401 authentication
Cryptographic_nonce
Data encryption and authentication program
Blowfish, Twofish, AES-128, AES-192, AES-256, Camellia-128, -192 and -256 Hash MD5, SHA-1, RIPEMD-160, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, SHA-224 Compression Uncompressed
GNU_Privacy_Guard
Software for performing cryptographic digests of files
the md5deep package contains several different programs able to perform MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, Tiger192 and Whirlpool digests, each of them named by the
Md5deep
Computer network protocol
clear-text, but the body including passwords is obfuscated with an MD5-based method. The MD5-based obfuscation method is similar to that used for the RADIUS
TACACS
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
message authentication codes List Comparison Known attacks Common functions MD5 (compromised) SHA-1 (compromised) SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2 SHA-3 finalists BLAKE
Brute-force_attack
Czech cryptologist and computer security expert (born 1957)
communications. In 2005 Klíma showed how to find collisions in the popular MD5 hash function on a laptop . In 2006, Vlastimil Klíma introduced the "Tunnels"
Vlastimil_Klíma
Cryptographic hash function
dish that is very similar to hash (food). Like other hash functions in the MD5/SHA family, Grøstl divides the input into blocks and iteratively computes
Grøstl
Computer-networking protocol defined in RFC 2845
hashing to replace MD5. The 160-bit and 256-bit digests generated by SHA1 and SHA-2 are more secure than the 128-bit digest generated by MD5. RFC 2930 defines
TSIG
File format that describes one or more computer files available for download
file hashes along with PGP signatures. Most clients only support verifying MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256, however. Besides FTP and HTTP mirror locations and rsync
Metalink
Tables comparing general and technical information for common hashes
Website Specification MD2 1989 Ronald Rivest RFC 1319 MD4 1990 RFC 1320 MD5 1992 MD4 RFC 1321 MD6 2008 Website Specification RIPEMD 1992 The RIPE Consortium
Comparison of cryptographic hash functions
Comparison_of_cryptographic_hash_functions
Computer network protocol
over TCP can be authenticated using the TCP MD5 Authentication Option. While the IETF considers the TCP MD5 Authentication Option deprecated in favor of
Label_Distribution_Protocol
Cryptographic network protocol
improved data integrity checking via message authentication codes like MD5 or SHA-1, which can be negotiated between client and server. SSH-2 also adds
Secure_Shell
Suite of IETF specifications
Algorithm field Algorithm Source DNSSEC Signing DNSSEC Validation 1 RSA/MD5 Must Not Implement Must Not Implement 3 DSA/SHA-1 RFC 2539 Must Not Implement
Domain Name System Security Extensions
Domain_Name_System_Security_Extensions
Type of cryptographic attack
10−15 is the uncorrectable bit error rate of a typical hard disk. In theory, MD5 hashes or UUIDs, being roughly 128 bits, should stay within that range until
Birthday_attack
Scripting language created in 1994
authentication vulnerabilities in Simple Machines Forum, Typo3 and phpBB when MD5 password hashes were compared. The recommended way is to use hash_equals()
PHP
Fault detection protocol
Authentication may be enabled on the session. A choice of simple password, MD5 or SHA1 authentication is available. BFD does not have a discovery mechanism;
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
Bidirectional_Forwarding_Detection
Open radio protocol for long range RC models
report claimed that the protocol used a binding phrase "encrypted" with the MD5 hashing algorithm[dubious – discuss]. It also alleged that synchronization
ExpressLRS
Messaging and VoIP service owned by Meta
contact list. Previously the Android and Nokia Series 40 versions used an MD5-hashed, reversed-version of the phone's IMEI as a password, while the iOS
Property of cryptographic hash functions
message authentication codes List Comparison Known attacks Common functions MD5 (compromised) SHA-1 (compromised) SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2 SHA-3 finalists BLAKE
Puzzle_friendliness
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
Girl/Female
Greek American
Bee. Famous bearer: Melissa, Mythological princess of Crete transformed to a bee after learning...
Boy/Male
Tamil
New Veda knowledge
Boy/Male
German
Sacred; Bold
Girl/Female
Indian
Name of a Raga
Male
French
Diminutive form of Norman French Ace, ACELIN means "little noble one."Â
Female
Hindi/Indian
(लकà¥à¤·à¥à¤®à¥€) Hindi name derived from the Sanskrit word laksya, LAKSHMI means "aim, goal, mark." In mythology, this is the name of the wife of Vishnu, goddess of fortune and wisdom.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
One who Radiate Cool Light; The Moon; Cool; A Piece of Ice
Girl/Female
Latin
Amazon.
Surname or Lastname
English (Norfolk)
English (Norfolk) : unexplained.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant of Wiener.
Girl/Female
African, American, Australian, British, Chinese, Danish, English, Hebrew, Indian, Irish, Japanese, Swahili
Intention; Female Champion; Aim; Objective; Goal; Purpose; Beauty; Brightness; God Gifted
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5