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Human spaceflight programs are organized efforts for human spaceflight. Programs have been planned, pursued and realized by different countries and companies
Human_spaceflight_programs
crewed spaceflights throughout history. Beginning in 1961 with the flight of Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1, crewed spaceflight occurs when a human crew flies
List_of_human_spaceflights
Spaceflight with a crew or passengers
Human spaceflight (also referred to as crewed spaceflight, and historically as manned spaceflight) is spaceflight with a crew or passengers aboard a spacecraft
Human_spaceflight
Government programme
The Indian Human Spaceflight Programme (or the Gaganyaan programme) is an ongoing project by ISRO to develop the technology needed to launch crewed spacecraft
Indian Human Spaceflight Programme
Indian_Human_Spaceflight_Programme
This is a list of the human spaceflight missions conducted by Roscosmos (previously and alternatively known as the Russian Space Agency, the Russian Aviation
List of Russian human spaceflight missions
List_of_Russian_human_spaceflight_missions
of the human spaceflight missions conducted by the Soviet space program. These missions belong to the Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz space programs. The first
List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
List_of_Soviet_human_spaceflight_missions
Certification of a spacecraft or launch vehicle
carrying humans on a space transport system. FAA List of human spaceflight programs "Human Rating Requirements for Space Systems". NASA. 10 July 2017
Human-rating_certification
private spaceflight companies List of human spaceflight programs List of space programs of the United States List of uncrewed spacecraft by program This
Lists_of_space_programs
detailed list of human spaceflights from 1961 to 1970, spanning the Soviet Vostok and Voskhod programs, the start of the Soviet Soyuz program, the American
List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970
List_of_human_spaceflights,_1961–1970
NASA-led lunar exploration program
for Ares V. Other elements, such as the Human Landing System (HLS), are in development by private spaceflight companies under contract. International
Artemis_program
Medical issues associated with spaceflight
The effects of spaceflight on the human body are complex and largely harmful over both short and long term. Significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessness
Effect of spaceflight on the human body
Effect_of_spaceflight_on_the_human_body
1961–1972 American crewed lunar exploration program
The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which landed the first humans on the Moon
Apollo_program
NASA Award for safety
NASA programs. Sustained quality performance over an extended period of time in support of human spaceflight programs. Since 1968, the program has awarded
Silver_Snoopy_award
Flight into or through outer space
missions. Human spaceflight programs include the Soyuz, Shenzhou, the past Apollo Moon landing and the Space Shuttle programs. Other current spaceflight are
Spaceflight
Group of NASA engineers working on the human spaceflight program starting in 1958
NASA engineers created in 1958, tasked with managing America's human spaceflight programs. Headed by Robert Gilruth and based at the Langley Research Center
Space_Task_Group
Spaceflight portal List of human spaceflight programs List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970 List of human spaceflights, 1971–1980
List of human spaceflights, 2021–present
List_of_human_spaceflights,_2021–present
NASA operations facility in Texas
is NASA's center for human spaceflight in Houston, Texas (originally named the Manned Spacecraft Center), where human spaceflight training, research, and
Johnson_Space_Center
Programs by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon
lunar programs were a series of programs pursued by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon, in competition with the United States Apollo program. The
Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs
1972–2011 United States human spaceflight program
The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which
Space_Shuttle_program
Planned Soviet space project
officially disclosed in 1991. Spaceflight portal Point-to-point sub-orbital spaceflight Orbital spaceflight Spaceflight Spaceport List of rocket launch
Project_VR-190
This is a list of human spaceflights in Tiangong program. "长征二号F/G Y12 • 神舟十二号载人飞船 • LongMarch 2F/G Y12 • Shenzhou-12". spaceflightfans.cn (in Chinese)
List of human spaceflights in Tiangong Program
List_of_human_spaceflights_in_Tiangong_Program
Physical presence of human activity in outer space
is an issue of human access to and presence in space ever since the beginning of spaceflight. Different space agencies, space programs and interest groups
Human_presence_in_space
published works proposing rockets as the means for spaceflight. The first successful large-scale rocket programs were initiated in Nazi Germany by Wernher von
History_of_spaceflight
Cancelled 2005–2010 NASA human spaceflight program
The Constellation program (abbreviated CxP) was a crewed spaceflight program developed by NASA, the space agency of the United States, from 2005 to 2009
Constellation_program
Malaysian government initiative
Sheikh Muszaphar's title as a spaceflight participant, citing the fact that he had trained alongside his crew for spaceflight and is fully qualified, arguing
Angkasawan_program
NASA software engineering facility
NASA was critical to early human spaceflight programs and was featured in the 2016 film Hidden Figures. NASA's IV&V Program provides independent verification
Katherine Johnson Independent Verification and Validation Facility
Katherine_Johnson_Independent_Verification_and_Validation_Facility
Russian spacecraft manufacturer
Soviet and Russian space programs, including the launch of the first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 and the first human spaceflight, Vostok 1. Over subsequent
Energia_(corporation)
NASA human spaceflight program for the International Space Station
(CCDev) program over three years. While the program's first round of competition in 2010 focused on funding development of various human spaceflight technologies
Commercial_Crew_Program
Spaceflight programme in China
to develop and enhance human spaceflight capabilities for China. As of 2026[update], China has conducted 16 crewed spaceflight launches, all using the
China_Manned_Space_Program
of human spaceflight programs List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970 List of human spaceflights, 1981–1990 List of human spaceflights
List of human spaceflights, 1971–1980
List_of_human_spaceflights,_1971–1980
Lunar landers for the Artemis program
The Human Landing System (HLS) are spacecraft developed for the NASA-led Artemis program to land astronauts on the Moon. HLS vehicles are designed to transport
Human_Landing_System
Southeast, and West Asia. Independent launch capability Planned human spaceflight program Successful Operational Planned Cancelled Several Soviet
List_of_Asian_astronauts
Private crewed spaceflight program
Apollo program. They passed through parts of the Van Allen radiation belt to study the health effects of space radiation and spaceflight on the human body
Polaris_program
European Space Agency programme for human spaceflight and robotic space exploration
By incorporating the ExoMars programme as well as ESA's long-term human spaceflight ambitions, E3P effectively superseded the 2000s' Aurora programme
Terrae_Novae
American space physicist
missions to the outer planets. He was also an outspoken critic of human spaceflight programs, arguing that robotic spacecraft yielded far greater scientific
James_Van_Allen
Series of semi-rigid two-piece United States space suit models since 1982
Station, explore the lunar surface on Artemis missions, and prepare for human missions to Mars. EMU without Extravehicular Visor Assembly EMU without
Extravehicular_Mobility_Unit
Dong Fang Hong 1, in 1970. China is one of three countries with a human spaceflight capability, via its Shenzhou craft. Adapted from Russia's Soyuz after
Chinese_space_program
Russian space program organization
Federation, an honorary titles List of Soviet human spaceflight missions List of Russian human spaceflight missions "An assembly and test building is under
Roscosmos_Cosmonaut_Corps
Chinese-American mathematician and programmer
worked for 34 years. Jue contributed significantly to the U.S. human spaceflight programs that include Apollo and the Space Shuttle. Her focus included
Josephine_Jue
1961–1966 US human spaceflight program
States human spaceflight program to fly. It was conducted after the first American crewed space program, Project Mercury, while the Apollo program was still
Project_Gemini
Human spaceflight programme of the Soviet Union
SOY-yooz, /ˈsɔː-/ SAW-; Russian: Союз [sɐˈjus], meaning "Union") is a human spaceflight programme initiated by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s. The Soyuz
Soyuz_programme
Office for China's human spaceflight program
responsible for the administration of China Manned Space Program, the Chinese human spaceflight program. The agency is under the Equipment Development Department
China_Manned_Space_Agency
ESA human spaceflight programme from 2001
Aurora Exploration Programme, or simply Exploration Programme) was a human spaceflight programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) established in 2001.
Aurora_programme
Thai space agency
was previously selected to train for sub-orbital spaceflight with the Axe Apollo sub-orbital spaceflights aboard the XCOR Lynx spaceplane in 2014. However
Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency
Geo-Informatics_and_Space_Technology_Development_Agency
Overview". Axiom Space. Retrieved 4 April 2025. "Gaganyaan – India's Human Spaceflight Program". ISRO. Retrieved 4 April 2025. "NASA, ISRO Research Aboard Fourth
List_of_ISRO_missions
American engineer and business manager
business manager. Lueders has led NASA's human spaceflight program as the Associate Administrator of the Human Exploration and Operations (HEO) Mission
Kathy_Lueders
This article lists verifiable spaceflight-related accidents and incidents resulting in human death or serious injury. These include incidents during flight
List of spaceflight-related accidents and incidents
List_of_spaceflight-related_accidents_and_incidents
1993–1998 collaborative Russia–US space program
modules during the duration of the Shuttle-Mir program. During the four-year program, many firsts in spaceflight were achieved by the two nations, including
Shuttle–Mir_program
Missions and flights of NASA's Apollo Program
The Apollo program was a United States human spaceflight program carried out from 1961 to 1972 by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
List_of_Apollo_missions
Women who travel to space
women in human spaceflight programs. Additionally one woman of dual Iranian-US citizenship has participated as a tourist on a US spaceflight. During the
Women_in_space
Extreme benchmarks set off Earth by astronauts, launchers and probes
typically to establish the feasibility of sending humans to outer space. The notion of "firsts" in spaceflight follows a long tradition of firsts in aviation
List_of_spaceflight_records
American space and aeronautics agency
S. space program a distinct civilian orientation focused on peaceful applications. Since then, it has led most American spaceflight programs, including
NASA
2026. For all other spaceflight activities, see 2026 in spaceflight. For launches during the rest of 2026, see List of spaceflight launches in January–March
List of spaceflight launches in April–June 2026
List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_April–June_2026
US deep space exploration programs
The Artemis program is a human spaceflight program by the United States. The Artemis program is intended to reestablish a human presence on the Moon for
List_of_Artemis_missions
Initial American crewed spaceflight program (1958–1963)
Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States, running from 1958 through 1963. An early highlight of the Space Race, its
Project_Mercury
Budget allocated to American space agency NASA by the US Congress
history to pursue programs in aeronautics research, robotic spaceflight, technology development, and human space exploration programs. NASA's budget for
Budget_of_NASA
of human spaceflight programs List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970 List of human spaceflights, 1971–1980 List of human spaceflights
List of human spaceflights, 2011–2020
List_of_human_spaceflights,_2011–2020
spaceflights to the International Space Station (ISS), including long-term ISS crew, short term visitors, replacement/rescue missions and mixed human/cargo
List of human spaceflights to the International Space Station
List_of_human_spaceflights_to_the_International_Space_Station
The Trump administration's first budget request keeps Obama-era human spaceflight programs in place: commercial spacecraft to ferry astronauts to and from
Space policy of the United States
Space_policy_of_the_United_States
Space tourism company
Virgin Galactic Holdings, Inc. is a British-American spaceflight company founded by Richard Branson and the Virgin Group conglomerate, which retains an
Virgin_Galactic
Aerospace company in Switzerland
provide orbital launches of small satellites and crewed sub-orbital spaceflights. The company was based in Payerne in western Switzerland, near Payerne
Swiss_Space_Systems
Overview of and topical guide to space exploration
Earth observation satellites List of human spaceflight programs List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights to the International Space Station
Outline_of_space_exploration
Unit of the European Space Agency providing astronauts on US and Russian missions
Astronaut Corps (China) List of astronauts by selection Human spaceflight History of spaceflight European contribution to the International Space Station
European_Astronaut_Corps
American astronaut (1930–2012)
human spaceflight programs. Armstrong joined the NASA Astronaut Corps in the second group, which was selected in 1962. He made his first spaceflight as
Neil_Armstrong
NASA space program partnership with space companies
Crew Program (CCDev) began in the second round of the program, which was rescoped from a smaller technology development program for human spaceflight to
Development of the Commercial Crew Program
Development_of_the_Commercial_Crew_Program
Division of NASA which trains astronauts
Astronaut Corps (China) List of astronauts by selection Human spaceflight History of spaceflight United States Astronaut Hall of Fame Three payload specialists
NASA_Astronaut_Corps
Indian human spaceflight agency
The Human Space Flight Centre (HSFC) is a body under ISRO to coordinate the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme. The agency will be responsible for implementation
Human_Space_Flight_Centre
Proposed crewed Venus flyby
orbit. A Saturn V would launch a Block III CSM designed for long-term spaceflight and a modified S-IVB with the Environmental Support Module required for
Manned_Venus_flyby
Soviet military space station program
2018[update] still in use on the International Space Station. The private spaceflight company Excalibur Almaz bought the two partially completed Almaz-205
Almaz_program
Spaceflight portal List of human spaceflight programs List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970 List of human spaceflights, 1971–1980
List of human spaceflights, 1991–2000
List_of_human_spaceflights,_1991–2000
of human spaceflight programs List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970 List of human spaceflights, 1971–1980 List of human spaceflights
List of human spaceflights, 1981–1990
List_of_human_spaceflights,_1981–1990
Iran's governmental space agency
spacecraft by no later than 2019. According to Iranian human space program, the first sub-orbital spaceflight was take place by 2016 at an altitude below 200
Iranian_Space_Agency
Private crewed spaceflight to the International Space Station in 2025
Indian Human Spaceflight Programme, integrating with ISRO's Gaganyaan initiative. While Gaganyaan remained India's independent crewed program, Ax‑4 provided
Axiom_Mission_4
DoD support to NASA ended 2007
States Department of Defense (DoD) contingency support to NASA's human spaceflight programs. The office was deactivated in 2007 and replaced by a staff element
Department of Defense Manned Space Flight Support Office
Department_of_Defense_Manned_Space_Flight_Support_Office
American drink mix brand
associated with the U.S. human spaceflight program, which created the misconception that Tang was invented for the space program. Tang continues to be used
Tang_(drink_mix)
American public aerospace developer and manufacturer
European Space Agency (ESA) and the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). Spaceflight portal Archinaut Interorbital Systems Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation
Redwire
Soviet cosmonaut (1934–1968)
person to journey into outer space during the first successful crewed spaceflight. Travelling on Vostok 1, Gagarin completed one orbit of Earth on 12 April
Yuri_Gagarin
US Air Force manned Moon base plan
US Air Force 1958 plan for a crewed lunar landing prior to the Apollo Program. The final lunar expedition plan in 1961 was for a 21-person underground
Lunex_Project
American aerospace engineer (born 1954)
technical contributions and leadership in national and international human spaceflight programs. "William H. Gerstenmaier: 2010 National Space Trophy Winner"
William_H._Gerstenmaier
Canceled U.S. Air Force human spaceflight program
Laboratory (MOL) was part of the United States Air Force (USAF) human spaceflight program in the 1960s. The project was developed from early USAF concepts
Manned_Orbiting_Laboratory
Soviet human spaceflight project
vost-OK; Russian: Восток, IPA: [vɐˈstok] , lit. 'East') was a Soviet human spaceflight project to put the first Soviet cosmonauts into low Earth orbit and
Vostok_programme
were sixteen pilots who flew in Project Gemini, NASA's second human spaceflight program, between projects Mercury and Apollo. Carrying two astronauts
List_of_Gemini_astronauts
Soviet spaceflight program
Восход, lit. 'ascent, dawn', IPA: [vɐsˈxot]) was the second Soviet human spaceflight project. Two one-day crewed missions were flown using the Voskhod
Voskhod_programme
of human spaceflight programs List of human spaceflights List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970 List of human spaceflights, 1971–1980 List of human spaceflights
List of human spaceflights, 2001–2010
List_of_human_spaceflights,_2001–2010
Group of American astronauts chosen in 1959
spaceflights of the Mercury program that had an astronaut on board from May 1961 to May 1963, and members of the group flew on all of the NASA human spaceflight
Mercury_Seven
Space exploration program conducted by the Soviet Union from 1951 to 1991
and Voskhod programs achieved the first human spaceflight (Yuri Gagarin), woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova), multi-crew spaceflight, and spacewalk
Soviet_space_program
Human spaceflight selection
both long and short-duration spaceflight missions aboard the International Space Station, and as part of the Artemis program. Five career astronauts were
2022 European Space Agency Astronaut Group
2022_European_Space_Agency_Astronaut_Group
Ballistic missile with a range of more than 5,500 kilometres
were very high throughout the early years of ICBM technology. Human spaceflight programs (Vostok, Mercury, Voskhod, Gemini, etc.) served as a highly visible
Intercontinental ballistic missile
Intercontinental_ballistic_missile
First space station launched and operated by NASA (1973–1979)
NASA chose a medical doctor to better understand the effect of spaceflight on the human body on a long-duration mission. Astronauts trained for minor medical
Skylab
Department of the United States government
Part of a series on the United States space program NASA U.S. Space Force Human spaceflight programs Mercury Gemini Apollo Manned Orbiting Laboratory Skylab
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Office_of_Science_and_Technology_Policy
Arrival of a spacecraft on the Moon's surface
spacecraft program. The first three Zonds were robotic planetary probes; after that, the Zond name was transferred to a completely separate human spaceflight program
Moon_landing
Topics referred to by the same term
Wiktionary, the free dictionary. An astronaut is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft.
Astronaut_(disambiguation)
Music from a spacecraft in outer space
space has been a focal point of public relation events of various human spaceflight programs. NASA astronaut Carl Walz played a rendition of the Elvis Presley
Music_in_space
Overview of NASA field centers
materials for aeronautics and spaceflight. It has contributed technologies to programs ranging from early human spaceflight to the International Space Station
NASA_facilities
Proposal by Iranian Space Agency
News Agency claimed on 21 November 2005, that the Iranians have a human space program along with plans for the development of a spacecraft and a space
Iranian_crewed_spacecraft
Proposed Indian Space Station
of this expansion, which is meant to supplement the continuing human spaceflight programs. The Gaganyaan initiative has received an extra ₹11,170 crore
Bharatiya_Antariksh_Station
Japan's national air and space agency
first commercial spaceflight which allowed them to earn $14 million. Japan participates in US and international crewed space programs including flights
JAXA
Soviet-era program that sent dogs to space
the Soviet space program used dogs for suborbital and orbital space flights as proof-of-concept to determine whether human spaceflight was feasible. The
Soviet_space_dogs
Logo designs used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
its reintroduction in 2020, the "worm" logotype has been used on human spaceflight-related missions, including SpaceX's Crew Dragon flights and Artemis
NASA_insignia
Indian crewed orbital spacecraft
spacecraft intended to be the formative spacecraft of the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme. The spacecraft is being designed to carry three people
Gaganyaan
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
Boy/Male
Assamese, Indian
Human
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Human
Girl/Female
Tamil
Manveet | மாநà¯à®µà®¿à®¤Â
Human
Manveet | மாநà¯à®µà®¿à®¤Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : partly from an unattested late Old English personal name, Hygemann, composed of the elements hyge ‘mind’ (cognate with the underlying Germanic element in Hugh) + mann ‘man’. In some cases this may also have been an occupational name for a servant (Middle English man) of a man called Hugh.Perhaps an altered spelling of German Homann.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Human
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Human
Boy/Male
Hindu
Human
Surname or Lastname
Altered spelling of German Luhmann or Lohmann.English
Altered spelling of German Luhmann or Lohmann.English : unexplained.
Male
Yiddish
 Yiddish altered form of Hebrew Hyam, HYMAN means "life." Compare with another form of Hyman.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Human
Girl/Female
Hindu
Human
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh, Telugu
Human
Male
Hebrew
(הָמָן) Hebrew name of Persian origin, HAMAN means "magnificent." In the bible, this is the name of a wicked prime minister.
Boy/Male
Assamese, Indian
Human
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Human
Boy/Male
Indian
Human
Female
Native American
Native American Hopi name SHUMAN means "rattlesnake handler."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Human
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Himan was the Name of One of the Famous Slaves that had a Hand in Building the Tomb of Queen Venika
Boy/Male
Tamil
Human
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
Boy/Male
Muslim
Merry. Gay.
Boy/Male
Sikh
All victorious
Girl/Female
Greek Persian
Pearl.
Boy/Male
Australian, French, Greek, Shakespearean
Brother of Agamemnon
Boy/Male
Indian
Fruit in Jannat anaar, Pomegranate
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Innocent; Brilliant
Boy/Male
Indian
Order, Decree
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Baby of Sun; Marked; Lovable; Conquered; A Signet; Symbol; Signet; Marked by God; Most Beautiful
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Belle, BELL means "beautiful."Â
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Deana, DEENA means "dean, head, leader."
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT-PROGRAMS
a.
Resembling a human being in form or nature; human.
a.
In human form.
n.
The ascription of human characteristics to things not human.
a.
Humanizing; exalting; tending to refine.
a.
Not human; inhuman.
n.
Human nature.
n.
Human nature
n.
The human skin.
n.
See Uhlan.
a.
More than human; superhuman.
n.
Human feelings; humanity.
a.
More than human.
superl.
Human.
a.
Belonging to man or mankind; having the qualities or attributes of a man; of or pertaining to man or to the race of man; as, a human voice; human shape; human nature; human sacrifices.
n.
A bitter, brownish yellow, amorphous substance, extracted from vegetable mold, and also produced by the action of acids on certain sugars and carbohydrates; -- called also humic acid, ulmin, gein, ulmic or geic acid, etc.
n.
A human being.
a.
Having the feelings and inclinations creditable to man; having a disposition to treat other human beings or animals with kindness; kind; benevolent.
v. t.
To make human; to invest with a human personality; to incarnate.
a.
Pertaining to man; human.
n.
One who attributes the human form or other human attributes to the Deity or to anything not human.