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State of species being unique to a location
endemic species can also be referred to as an endemism or, in scientific literature, as an endemite. Endemism is an important concept in conservation biology
Endemism
Disease which is constantly present in an area
In epidemiology, an infection is said to be endemic in a specific population or populated place when that infection is constantly present, or maintained
Endemic_(epidemiology)
Hawai'i is home to a large number of endemic species
Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands is the situation that the islands are home to a large number of endemic species unique to the archipelago. Located nearly
Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands
Endemism_in_the_Hawaiian_Islands
Centres of endemism may overlap with biodiversity hotspots which are biogeographic regions characterized both by high levels of plant endemism and by serious
Centre_of_endemism
forests (Philippines) Palawan rain forests (Philippines) Centre of endemism Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands "Lowland fynbos and renosterveld". Terrestrial
List of ecoregions with high endemism
List_of_ecoregions_with_high_endemism
about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. Family-level endemism is prominent
List of endemic birds of Australia
List_of_endemic_birds_of_Australia
providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. This region
Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islands
Endemic_birds_of_Madagascar_and_western_Indian_Ocean_islands
Nation with extremely high biological diversity or many endemic species
exhibit great biodiversity. The main criterion for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must
Megadiverse_countries
providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. This region
List of endemic birds of the West Indies
List_of_endemic_birds_of_the_West_Indies
(WWF). The United States is a megadiverse country with a high level of endemism across a wide variety of ecosystems. The United States is unique among
List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)
List_of_ecoregions_in_the_United_States_(WWF)
TV tower in Turkey
Endem TV Tower is a TV tower in Büyükçekmece, Istanbul, Turkey. It was built between 1998 and 2008, and has a now-closed revolving restaurant 154 m (505 ft)
Endem_TV_Tower
systems, endemism is high. Species diversity is highest and endemism is lowest in Trinidad, which has a predominantly continental flora. Endemism is highest
List of trees of the Caribbean
List_of_trees_of_the_Caribbean
natural habitats. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of biological endemism (16% of the fauna and 23% of flowering plants are endemic). The mountains
Wildlife_of_Sri_Lanka
Piece of subcontinental land surrounded by water
parent field of ecology since the time of Charles Darwin. In biology, endemism is defined as the phenomenon where species or genus is only found in a
Island
Gastropoda) from Montenegro, with a discussion on gastropod diversity and endemism in Skadar Lake". ZooKeys 281: 69-90. doi:10.3897/zookeys.281.4409 Ministry
List of largest lakes of Europe
List_of_largest_lakes_of_Europe
Conservation area at the Robberg peninsula in South Africa
The Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area is an inshore conservation region in the territorial waters of South Africa, near Plettenberg Bay
Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area
Robberg_Nature_Reserve_and_Marine_Protected_Area
Paleoendemism along with neoendemism is a possible subcategory of endemism. Paleoendemism refers to species that were formerly widespread but are now restricted
Paleoendemism
Birds with ranges of only Mexico or Central America
providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. No bird families
List of endemic birds of Mexico and northern Central America
List_of_endemic_birds_of_Mexico_and_northern_Central_America
Animal species unique to Uzbekistan
region. Central Asia has a high rate of endemism. For example, among different insect orders, the rate of endemism ranges from 10% to 50–60% of all recognised
Endemic_fauna_of_Uzbekistan
Species of flowering plant
Sideroxylon marginatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to the Cape Verde Islands, where it is a mesophytic species
Sideroxylon_marginatum
providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. Japan has
List of endemic birds of Japan
List_of_endemic_birds_of_Japan
Volcanic island off the west coast of Mexico
Socorro Island (Spanish: Isla Socorro) is a volcanic island in the Revillagigedo Islands, a Mexican possession lying 600 kilometres (370 mi) off the country's
Socorro_Island
Mexican island in the Pacific Ocean
Guadalupe Island (Spanish: Isla Guadalupe) is a volcanic island located 241 kilometres (130 nautical miles; 150 miles) off the western coast of Mexico's
Guadalupe_Island
Southern Africa biodiversity hotspot
Albany Centre of Plant Endemism in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, through the Pondoland Centre of Plant Endemism and KwaZulu-Natal Province
Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany Hotspot
Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany_Hotspot
African island country in the Indian Ocean
Like its flora, Madagascar's fauna are diverse and exhibit a high rate of endemism. Lemurs have been characterized as "Madagascar's flagship mammal species"
Madagascar
The Maputaland Centre of Plant Endemism is situated in the coastal region of South Africa in the northern part of the province of KwaZulu-Natal, and also
Maputaland Centre of Plant Endemism
Maputaland_Centre_of_Plant_Endemism
Jamaican mountain range
cloud forests as a critically vulnerable, high-endemism habitat characterized by a 50% plant endemism rate and specialized species, such as the Jamaican
Blue_Mountains_(Jamaica)
Species of anglerfish
observations made on the Galápagos Islands had in developing the theory of island endemism. The red-lipped batfish reaches up to 40 centimetres (16 in) in length
Red-lipped_batfish
biogeographers to provide a universal naming system or nomenclature for areas of endemism used in contemporary biogeography. There are other proposals to palaeobiogeographic
International Code of Area Nomenclature
International_Code_of_Area_Nomenclature
Small islands and atolls in Hawaii
The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, also known as the Leeward Hawaiian Islands, are a series of mostly uninhabited islands and atolls located northwest
Northwestern_Hawaiian_Islands
Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania
movement of many species, leaving separate island lineages and high levels of endemism. Indonesia's flora and fauna include Asian and Australasian species. The
Indonesia
Marine conservation area in the Eastern Cape in South Africa
The Amathole Marine Protected Area is an inshore conservation region in the territorial waters of South Africa, near East London on the coast of the Eastern
Amathole Marine Protected Area
Amathole_Marine_Protected_Area
National Park of Tanzania
The Udzungwa Mountains National Park is a national park in Tanzania's Kilolo District of Iringa Region and Kilombero District of Morogoro Region. It has
Udzungwa Mountains National Park
Udzungwa_Mountains_National_Park
The Albany Centre of Plant Endemism is situated in the coastal region of South Africa at the eastern end of the Eastern Cape Province. It is named after
Albany Centre of Plant Endemism
Albany_Centre_of_Plant_Endemism
Marine conservation area in the Western Cape in South Africa
The Betty's Bay Marine Protected Area is part of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve. It is about 29km south-east of Gordon's Bay and approximately 37km north-west
Betty's Bay Marine Protected Area
Betty's_Bay_Marine_Protected_Area
Genus of marsupial mammals
islands. Due to the unique biogeography of Sulawesi giving sub-regions of endemism, it is likely that there are several different species or subspecies as
Strigocuscus
Protected island of Kinondoni District in the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania
Mbudya Island (Kisiwa cha Mbudya, in Swahili) is a protected, uninhabited island under the Dar es Salaam Marine Reserve with the IUCN category II located
Mbudya_Island
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
(high endemism), approximately 1,500 species of saltwater fishes, 9 species of cyclostomata, and approximately 100–150,000 invertebrates (high endemism).
Russia
Speciation that occurs between geographically isolated populations
diversity (species richness) of an island, the greater the increase in endemism. Increased diversity effectively drives speciation. Furthermore, the number
Allopatric_speciation
Country in Southeast Asia
species and high levels of endemism. It is estimated to contain 20% of the world's animal species. High levels of endemism are found on the diverse forests
Malaysia
providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. Black-crested
List of endemic birds of the Himalayas
List_of_endemic_birds_of_the_Himalayas
Overseas department of France
Réunion Island is characterized by its diversity, a very high rate of endemism, and a very specific structure. The flora of Réunion presents a great diversity
Réunion
unique environment and biodiversity. Indonesia harbours a high rate of endemism and is rich in tropical rainforest and coral reefs. Traditional forest
Conservation_in_Indonesia
Island group of Baja California, Mexico
The Islas San Benito lie in the Pacific Ocean off the west coast of the Mexican state of Baja California, 25 km west of Cedros Island. They are part of
Islas_San_Benito
Major river in the United States
Ye, S.; Li, Z.; Liu, J.; Zhang, T.; Xie, S. (2011). "Distribution, Endemism and Conservation Status of Fishes in the Yangtze River Basin, China". Ecosystems
Mississippi_River
Collective plants of Colombia
The Flora of Colombia is characterized by over 32,000 species of green plants. The national flower of Colombia is the orchid Cattleya trianae which was
Flora_of_Colombia
Marine conservation area the Western Cape in South Africa
The Goukamma Marine Protected Area is an inshore conservation region near Knysna in the Western Cape province in the territorial waters of South Africa
Goukamma Marine Protected Area
Goukamma_Marine_Protected_Area
This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. The Wild Bird Club of the
List of endemic birds of the Philippines
List_of_endemic_birds_of_the_Philippines
The Pondoland Centre of Plant Endemism is situated in the coastal region overlapping the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape in South Africa
Pondoland Centre of Plant Endemism
Pondoland_Centre_of_Plant_Endemism
South American forest
forests. The Atlantic Forest is characterized by a high biodiversity and endemism. It was the first environment that the Portuguese colonists encountered
Atlantic_Forest
State of Australia
that are used for large production. Tasmania has a large percentage of endemism whilst featuring many types of animals found on mainland Australia. Many
Tasmania
Marine conservation area in Saldanha Bay in South Africa
The Jutten Island Marine Protected Area is an inshore conservation region in the territorial waters of South Africa in Saldanha Bay, in the Western Cape
Jutten Island Marine Protected Area
Jutten_Island_Marine_Protected_Area
Marine conservation area on the west coast in the Western Cape province in South Africa
The Malgas Island Marine Protected Area is an inshore conservation region encompassing Malgas Island, in the territorial waters of South Africa at the
Malgas Island Marine Protected Area
Malgas_Island_Marine_Protected_Area
Distribution of an organism across all or most of the world
opposite of endemism is pandemism or cosmopolitanism. A related concept in biogeography is that of oceanic cosmopolitanism and endemism. Rather than
Cosmopolitan_distribution
Largest of four islands of the Socotra Archipelago, Yemen
linked to the Somali plate. Socotra is known for its exceptional level of endemism, with about 37% of its plant species, 90% of its reptile species, and 95%
Socotra
Sulawesi has a high degree of endemism in its bird species. Sulawesi supports twelve endemic bird genera. Penelopides exarhatus (Sulawesi hornbill) - VU
List of endemic birds of Sulawesi
List_of_endemic_birds_of_Sulawesi
Deepest region of the ocean lying within oceanic trenches
adaptations to the extreme environmental conditions. There are high levels of endemism, and noteworthy examples of gigantism in amphipods, mysids, and isopods
Hadal_zone
Marine conservation area on the coast of South Africa
The De Hoop Marine Protected Area lies between Arniston and the mouth of the Breede River on the south coast of South Africa adjacent to the De Hoop Nature
De_Hoop_Marine_Protected_Area
diverse natural habitats harbour a rich fauna and flora with high levels of endemism, but most ecoregions suffer from habitat loss. Madagascar belongs to the
Ecoregions_of_Madagascar
Biome with under 250 mm of annual rainfall
number of desert ecoregions that have a high degree of biodiversity and endemism: The Nama Karoo of Namibia has the world's richest desert fauna. The Carnarvon
Deserts_and_xeric_shrublands
Plain that exhibits the highest level of endemism and species richness in Ghana. Flora species diversity and endemism in the savanna biomes in Ghana is very
Biodiversity_of_Ghana
Online compilation of plants of China
names, literature, geographical distribution inside and outside China, and endemism status are available in the online Flora of China Checklist. This checklist
Flora_of_China_(series)
Large rainforest in South America
Jose Maria Cardoso; et al. (2005). "The Fate of the Amazonian Areas of Endemism". Conservation Biology. 19 (3): 689–694. Bibcode:2005ConBi..19..689D. doi:10
Amazon_rainforest
Genus of insects
to 85% of species are restricted to small endemic areas in Asia. This endemism may be a result of an association with high elevation and high slope streams
Protohermes
Country in Southwestern Europe
Systems of the ocean. Portugal and Spain together have a high proportion of endemism among freshwater fish, with 73% of the freshwater fish species being endemic
Portugal
Belgian herpetologist (born 1970)
professor at the University of Łódź in Poland. His research focuses on endemism in the herpetofauna of the biogeographic region of Pantepui in northern
Philippe_Jacques_Robert_Kok
This is a master list pertaining to lists of endemic birds. As applied to birds, the term "endemic" refers to any species found only within a defined geographical
Lists_of_endemic_birds
List of ecoregions identified by the WWF
and environmental conditions". For example, based on their levels of endemism, Madagascar gets multiple listings, ancient Lake Baikal gets one, and the
Global_200
Highest mountain in Malaysia
summits. The plants of Mount Kinabalu have high levels of biodiversity and endemism (i.e. species which are found only within Kinabalu Park and are not found
Mount_Kinabalu
Example of an organism used to describe its species
(Cebidae, Primates): found at the very brink of extinction in the Pernambuco Endemism Centre". Zootaxa. 1200 (1): 1–12. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.1200.1.1. Sinha
Holotype
Species of plant
Mexican Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 25 (1): 33–86. ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41760147. Cáceres González
Tillandsia_guatemalensis
Species of flowering plant
of Venezuelan Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution by State and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 15 (1). ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41759858. v t e
Pitcairnia_juncoides
Forests found in areas with warm summers and cool winters
North America harbors diverse and unusual assemblages and displays notable endemism for a number of plant and animal taxa. There are small, temperate conifer
Temperate_coniferous_forest
Forest in West Africa
westernmost tropical rainforest in Africa, and has high levels of species endemism, with over 200 species of endemic plants. The ecoregion includes the lowland
Western Guinean lowland forests
Western_Guinean_lowland_forests
Native animals of Colombia
The fauna of Colombia is characterized by a high biodiversity, with the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide. Colombia has the largest number
Fauna_of_Colombia
Species of plant
Mexican Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 25 (1): 33–86. ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41760147. Holst, Bruce
Tillandsia_flexuosa
Mountain in Romblon, Philippines
often been compared with the biodiversity endemism rate of the Galápagos Islands in Ecuador. This high endemism prompted much of the mountain and its slopes
Mount_Guiting-Guiting
Species of flowering plant
"Checklist of Mexican Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 25 (1): 33–86. ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41760147. v t e
Catopsis_minimiflora
Species of plant
"Checklist of Mexican Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 25 (1): 33–86. ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41760147. v t e
Tillandsia_pacifica
Extinct order of tetrapods
A. (2005). "Permian tetrapods from the Sahara show climate-controlled endemism in Pangaea" (PDF). Nature. 434 (7035): 886–889. Bibcode:2005Natur.434.
Temnospondyli
List of some endemic flora and fauna species of Belize. Citheracanthus meermani Cyllopsis wellingi Epigomphus maya Erpetegomphus leptophis Metriopelma
List of endemic species of Belize
List_of_endemic_species_of_Belize
Clade of primates endemic to the island of Madagascar
mi)—compared to other high-priority biodiversity regions and its high levels of endemism, the country is considered one of the world's most important biodiversity
Lemur
Species of plant
of Bolivian Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 20 (2): 201–223. ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41760025. v t e
Puya_meziana
Smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world
kingdoms of the world, is an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, and is home to over 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent
Cape_Floristic_Region
Group of islands in the Indian Ocean
years ago. They form a distinct ecoregion with unique biodiversity and endemism of flora and fauna. The archipelago comprises three large islands, Mauritius
Mascarene_Islands
Portuguese archbishop (died 1576)
and published by João de Endem, 1565. Desenganos de Perdidos (Disappointments of the Lost), Goa, published by João de Endem, 1573. This latter work is
Gaspar_Jorge_de_Leão_Pereira
Species of flowering plant
"Checklist of Mexican Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 25 (1): 33–86. ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41760147. v t e
Pitcairnia_ringens
island in the South Atlantic Ocean, is exceptional in its high level of endemism and the severe threats facing the survival of the flora. In phytogeography
Flora_of_Saint_Helena
Chilean archipelago in the Pacific Ocean
for their unique and diverse flora, characterized by a high degree of endemism. The archipelago comprises approximately 361 species of vascular plants
Juan_Fernández_Islands
Species of flowering plant
of Venezuelan Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution by State and Levels of Endemism". Selbyana. 15 (1). ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41759858. v t e
Puya_aristeguietae
Extinct genus of therapsids
Late Permian Burnetiamorph From Zambia Confirms Exceptional Levels of Endemism in Burnetiamorpha (Therapsida: Biarmosuchia) and an Updated Paleoenvironmental
Isengops
Shrubland and heathland ecoregion of southwestern South Africa
biogeography, fynbos is known for its exceptional degree of biodiversity and endemism, consisting of about 80% (8,500 fynbos) species of the Cape floral kingdom
Fynbos
Species of gastropod
Edgbastonia Zeidlerorum is a miniature freshwater snail that inhabits the Edgbaston spring group in the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) in western Queensland
Edgbastonia_zeidlerorum
Floristic region in the Holarctic kingdom
Gillenia, Neviusia, Dionaea, Yeatesia, Pleea). The degree of species endemism is very high, many species are Tertiary relicts, which survived the Wisconsin
North American Atlantic region
North_American_Atlantic_region
Genus of sauropod dinosaur
Argentinosauridae) from the Late Maastrichtian of Morocco and evidence for dinosaur endemism in Africa". Diversity. 18 (5) 241. doi:10.3390/d18050241. ISSN 1424-2818
Phosphatotitan
Tropical savanna ecoregion of Brazil
of the richest of all tropical savanna regions and has high levels of endemism. Characterizing it by its enormous ranges of plant and animal biodiversity
Cerrado
Marine conservation area south of the Western Cape in South Africa
The Browns Bank Complex Marine Protected Area is an offshore conservation region in the exclusive economic zone of South Africa A marine protected area
Browns Bank Complex Marine Protected Area
Browns_Bank_Complex_Marine_Protected_Area
Genus of conifer in the cypress family
Cryptomeria (literally "hidden parts") is a monotypic genus of conifer in the cypress family Cupressaceae. It includes only one species, Cryptomeria japonica
Cryptomeria
Ecoregion in Iran and Azerbaijan
logging, agricultural development, and urban sprawl. The diversity and endemism of the species make the Caspian Hyrcanian forests a priority and unique
Hyrcanian_forests
Genus of fungi
species of Morchella worldwide, most of them exhibiting high continental endemism and provincialism.[citation needed] The genus is currently the focus of
Morchella
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