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Alpha-adrenergic agonist
Clonidine, sold under the brand names Catapres and Kapvay, among others, is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, hypotensive, sedative and anxiolytic drug
Clonidine
Muscle relaxant medication
among others, is an alpha-2 (α2) adrenergic receptor agonist, similar to clonidine, that is used to treat muscle spasticity due to spinal cord injury, multiple
Tizanidine
Protein family
antihypertensive drug clonidine, which can be used to lower blood pressure and to reduce hot flashes associated with menopause. Clonidine has also been successfully
Alpha-2_adrenergic_receptor
Veterinary anesthetic, sedative and analgesic
Xylazine is a structural analog of clonidine and an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, sold under many trade names worldwide, most notably the Bayer brand
Xylazine
2006 murder of a child in Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
pediatric bipolar disorder between two and three years old—a lethal dose of clonidine. Her death sparked significant controversy over the diagnosis of psychiatric
Murder_of_Rebecca_Riley
Antidepressant medication
2000 noted an instance in which mirtazapine counteracted the action of clonidine, causing a dangerous rise in blood pressure. In a study comparing 32 antidepressants
Mirtazapine
Opioid receptor antagonist
also be used as an antidote in an overdose of clonidine, a medication that lowers blood pressure. Clonidine overdoses are of special relevance for children
Naloxone
Anxiolytic, sedative, and pain medication
an intravenous solution or as a buccal or sublingual film. Similar to clonidine, dexmedetomidine is a sympatholytic drug that acts as an agonist of α2-adrenergic
Dexmedetomidine
Medication used for opioid withdrawal
longer duration, with fewer withdrawal symptoms than clonidine even after one day. However, clonidine is often preferred as it is substantially cheaper than
Lofexidine
Withdrawal symptoms of opioids
symptoms may be relieved by the use of medications such as lofexidine and clonidine. Withdrawal from any opioid produces similar signs and symptoms. However
Opioid_withdrawal
Medication used for high blood pressure and ADHD
weaker than clonidine in producing hypotension and sedation, has weaker pre-synaptic actions on the α2A-adrenergic receptor than clonidine (10-fold less
Guanfacine
Medical intervention to drug overdose
he published a paper detailing the first procedures using Naloxone and clonidine. Shortly afterward, physicians began discussing anesthesia to reduce pain
Drug_detoxification
Receptors of clonidine and other imidazolines
Imidazoline receptors are the primary receptors on which clonidine and other imidazolines act. There are three main classes of imidazoline receptor: I1
Imidazoline_receptor
Using medication to prepare for medical therapy
used as a premedication. Clonidine is becoming increasingly popular as a premedication for children. One drawback of clonidine is that it can take up to
Premedication
Drug whose use induces sleep
less sedation and hypotension than clonidine. Tizanidine has been used off-label for sleep similarly to clonidine, but likewise shows less hypotensive
Hypnotic
Chemical compound
imidazoline compound that shares many of the pharmacological properties of clonidine. It is a centrally-acting α2 adrenergic receptor agonist (IC50 = 9.1 nM)
Tiamenidine
Cough suppressant and dissociative drug
withdrawal symptoms associated with opioid use disorder. When combined with clonidine, dextromethorphan reduced the overall time needed for withdrawal symptoms
Dextromethorphan
Drug for skeletal muscle function
indication include orphenadrine (anticholinergic), chlorzoxazone, tizanidine (clonidine relative), diazepam, tetrazepam and other benzodiazepines, mephenoxalone
Muscle_relaxant
Physiological symptom
only non-hormonal therapy for menopausal hot flashes approved by FDA. Clonidine is a blood pressure-lowering medication that can be used to relieve menopausal
Hot_flash
Medically induced loss of consciousness
demonstrated that clonidine is less effective at providing anxiolysis and more sedative in children of preschool age. Oral clonidine can take up to 45
General_anaesthesia
Gabapentinoid and Skeletal Muscle Relaxant
symptoms, and may be superior for this purpose to the more-commonly used clonidine. Baclofen is also used in the treatment of sleep-related painful erections
Baclofen
Neurodevelopmental disorder
Two alpha-2a agonists, extended-release formulations of guanfacine and clonidine, are approved by the FDA and in other countries for the treatment of ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
Class of medications used to alleviate anxiety
antagonist prazosin could be effective for PTSD. The alpha-2 agonists clonidine and guanfacine have demonstrated both anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects
Anxiolytic
Nervous system disease affecting nerves beyond the brain and spinal cord
topical clonidine for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy included two studies of 8 and 12 weeks in length; both of which compared topical clonidine to placebo
Peripheral_neuropathy
Type of medication
of adrenergic receptors. However, there are exceptions: guanfacine and clonidine are adrenergic agonists at the α2 receptor; since this receptor is located
Sympatholytic
Substance that reduces fever
evidence from one human trial, that α2-adrenergic agonists, and particularly clonidine (a common drug used to treat high blood pressure, ADHD, spasticity and
Antipyretic
Sleep disorder causing feelings of panic or dread
been found that some adults who have been on a long-term intrathecal clonidine therapy show side effects of night terrors, such as feelings of terror
Night_terror
Psychoactive drug, often called ecstasy
heart rate but not blood pressure. The α2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine did not affect the cardiovascular effects of MDMA, though it reduced blood
MDMA
Class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure
urapidil Mixed Alpha + Beta blockers: bucindolol carvedilol labetalol clonidine (indirectly) Although beta blockers lower blood pressure, they do not
Antihypertensive
Antihypertensive medication
clonidine binds to both receptors with near equal affinity. Moxonidine has an affinity for I1 that is 33 times greater than α2, compared to clonidine
Moxonidine
Chemical compound
dichloroaniline. It is a colorless or white solid. Derivatives include the drugs clonidine and diclofenac. It is produced by hydrogenation of 2,6-dichloronitrobenzene
2,6-Dichloroaniline
Neurodevelopmental disorder involving motor and vocal tics
lower side effect profile than the neuroleptics. The antihypertensives clonidine and guanfacine are typically tried first in children; they can also help
Tourette_syndrome
Investigational insomnia drugs
receptor antagonists (e.g., prazosin) α2-Adrenergic receptor agonists (e.g., clonidine, tizanidine) Agomelatine (Valdoxan, Thymanax) – melatonin MT1 and MT2
List of investigational insomnia drugs
List_of_investigational_insomnia_drugs
Practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD
atomoxetine (Strattera), viloxazine (Qelbree), guanfacine (Intuniv), and clonidine (Kapvay). Other medicines which may be prescribed off-label include bupropion
Management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Management_of_attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
[sustained-release] (centanafadine SR, Simtriyo; CTN-SR, EB-1020, EB-1020 SR) Clonidine (Catapres, CloniBID, Clonicel, Jenloga XR, Kapvay) Guanfacine (Connexyn
List of investigational attention deficit hyperactivity disorder drugs
List_of_investigational_attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder_drugs
Disorder resulting in recurrent moderate–severe headaches
Flumedroxone acetate Sympatholytics Beta blockers Propranolol# Timolol Clonidine Tricyclic antidepressants Amitriptyline Nortriptyline Imipramine Anticonvulsants
Migraine
Peptide hormone that stimulates growth
testes and in females from adrenal cortex) Testosterone and DHEA Estrogen Clonidine, moxonidine and L-DOPA by stimulating GHRH release α4β2 nicotinic agonists
Growth_hormone
Drug that reduces excitement without inducing sleep
muscle relaxants Baclofen (Lioresal) Carisoprodol (Soma) Chlorzoxazone Clonidine (Catapres, Kapvay) Cyclobenzaprine Gabapentin (Neurontin) Meprobamate
Sedative
Drug injected into the spinal canal
local anesthetic and one or more adjuvant drugs are used. Intrathecal clonidine or dexmedetomidine can be used to prolong duration of anaesthesia and
Intrathecal_administration
Widening of blood vessels
male patients may experience impotence. clonidine hydrochloride guanabenz acetate guanfacine hydrochloride Clonidine, guanabenz or guanfacine may give rise
Vasodilation
Tumor of the adrenal medulla which secretes adrenal hormones
labs remain the same, consider administering a clonidine suppression test. In the 1970s, the drug clonidine hydrocloride swept the market as a novel agent
Pheochromocytoma
SNRI medication
crisis or possible cardiac arrhythmia[citation needed] Clonidine – antihypertensive action of clonidine may be antagonized[citation needed] Digitalis – hemodynamic
Milnacipran
Class of drugs
alcohol withdrawal symptoms). Selected examples are: Agmatine Brimonidine Clonidine (mixed alpha2-adrenergic and imidazoline-I1 receptor agonist) Dexmedetomidine
Alpha-adrenergic_agonist
Dissociative anesthetic and anti-depressant
low dose of ketamine, while lamotrigine and nimodipine decrease them. Clonidine reduces the increase of salivation, heart rate, and blood pressure during
Ketamine
Pharmacological term
Rebound hypertension, above pre-treatment level, was observed after clonidine and guanfacine discontinuation. Continuous usage of topical decongestants
Rebound_effect
Development of hives after contact with water
"Aquadynia: Noradrenergic pain induced by bathing and responsive to clonidine". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 38 (2): 357–358. doi:10
Aquagenic_urticaria
Physical condition caused by chronic use of a tolerance-forming drug
increases in heart rate and blood pressure (which can be treated with clonidine), or due to arrhythmia due to electrolyte imbalance caused by the inability
Physical_dependence
Medication for acute migraine in adults
Flumedroxone acetate Sympatholytics Beta blockers Propranolol# Timolol Clonidine Tricyclic antidepressants Amitriptyline Nortriptyline Imipramine Anticonvulsants
Rimegepant
Persistence of visual distortions after using drugs
generally started at a very low dose over a 2 month initial titration period. Clonidine, an antihypertensive, that a pilot study of eight patients suggested could
Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder
Hallucinogen_persisting_perception_disorder
Orexin receptor antagonist
antipsychotics Olanzapine Quetiapine Risperidone, etc. α2-Adrenergic Clonidine Detomidine Dexmedetomidine Lofexidine Medetomidine Romifidine Tasipimidine
Fazamorexant
Abnormally high heart rate after a postural change
blockers, pyridostigmine, midodrine, or fludrocortisone, among others. Clonidine is useful in the hyperadrenergic-hyperarousal subtype, but may result
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Postural_orthostatic_tachycardia_syndrome
Sudden increase in adrenaline and noradrenaline in the blood
contraindicated in some patients, so other antihypertensive medication such as clonidine may be used. Antipsychotics are also used to treat the most severe psychiatric
Adrenergic_storm
Medication
(R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine CHF-1024 Clonidine Corbadrine Deoxyepinephrine (epinine, N-methyldopamine) Detomidine Dexmedetomidine
Tamsulosin
Investigational antipsychotic
Amphetamine AP163 Apomorphine Asenapine Bromocriptine Cathinone Chlorpromazine Clonidine Cyproheptadine Dihydroergotamine Dimethyltryptamine DOB DOET DOI DOM N
Ulotaront
Excessive constriction of the pupil
nicotine such as cigarettes, chewing tobacco or gum Imidazolines such as clonidine, naphazoline, oxymetazoline and tetrahydrozoline Antipsychotics, including
Miosis
Lower than typical heart rate
calcium channel blockers, class I antiarrhythmic agents, ivabradine, clonidine, reserpine, cimetidine, lithium, amitriptyline Diagnosis of sinus bradycardia
Sinus_bradycardia
Device used to deliver drugs directly to CSF
surrounding the spinal cord. Medications such as baclofen, bupivacaine, clonidine, morphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl, or ziconotide may be delivered in
Intrathecal_pump
Subtype of palinopsia
different drugs. There are cases which report successful treatment with clonidine, clonazepam, lamotrigine, nimodipine, topiramate, verapamil, divalproex
Illusory_palinopsia
Process of withdrawing from nicotine addiction
smoking include bupropion, varenicline, cytisine, nortriptyline, and clonidine. Treatments other than medication, such as increased exercise, can also
Nicotine_withdrawal
Medical condition
is the hypothermia. Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist, is a medication commonly used for hypertension. However, clonidine has been found to aid
Shapiro_syndrome
Chemical compound
activity that decreases sympathetic tone, as can be seen by the medication clonidine). This vasoconstriction may explain the acute reduction in aqueous humor
Brimonidine
Benzodiazepine medication
(Antiadrenergics) Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol, atenolol
Alprazolam
Shivering after anesthesia
persistent/severe cases may be treated with medications such as tramadol, pethidine, clonidine, and nefopam, which work by reducing the shivering threshold temperature
Postanesthetic_shivering
Active ingredient in fermented drinks
(Antiadrenergics) Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol, atenolol
Alcohol_(drug)
Beta blocker drug
salmeterol, and clenbuterol, and α2-adrenergic receptor agonists like clonidine. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Propranolol
Intravenous medication used in anesthesia
antipsychotics Olanzapine Quetiapine Risperidone, etc. α2-Adrenergic Clonidine Detomidine Dexmedetomidine Lofexidine Medetomidine Romifidine Tasipimidine
Propofol
Topical decongestant
(R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine CHF-1024 Clonidine Corbadrine Deoxyepinephrine (epinine, N-methyldopamine) Detomidine Dexmedetomidine
Oxymetazoline
Very high blood pressure and signs of organ damage
renovascular hypertension. People withdrawing from medications such as clonidine or beta-blockers have been frequently found to develop hypertensive crises
Hypertensive_emergency
Class of depressant drugs derived from barbituric acid
(Antiadrenergics) Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol, atenolol
Barbiturate
Class of medications used primarily to treat high blood pressure
1998). "Polydipsia in chronic psychiatric patients: therapeutic trials of clonidine and enalapril". Neuropsychopharmacology. 18 (4): 272–281. doi:10
ACE_inhibitor
Catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter
sedating effects, due to their inhibitory effects on the locus coeruleus. Clonidine and guanfacine, for example, are used for the treatment of anxiety disorders
Norepinephrine
Triazolobenzodiazepine drug
antipsychotics Olanzapine Quetiapine Risperidone, etc. α2-Adrenergic Clonidine Detomidine Dexmedetomidine Lofexidine Medetomidine Romifidine Tasipimidine
Flualprazolam
Pharmaceutical drug classification
C02AB01 Methyldopa (levorotatory) C02AB02 Methyldopa (racemic) C02AC01 Clonidine C02AC02 Guanfacine C02AC04 Tolonidine C02AC05 Moxonidine C02AC06 Rilmenidine
ATC_code_C02
Body posture in mammals for sexual receptivity
guinea pigs: effects of different estradiol and progesterone treatments, clonidine, and early weaning". Hormones and Behavior. 23 (1): 118–129. doi:10
Lordosis_behavior
Antihypertensive drug
(Antiadrenergics) Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol, atenolol
Prazosin
Beta blocker medication
drugs like reserpine, calcium channel blockers, disopyramide, amiodarone, clonidine, prostaglandin synthase inhibitors like indomethacin, and digitalis glycosides
Atenolol
Managing symptoms of Tourette syndrome
the neuroleptics. There is moderate evidence that the antihypertensive clonidine, along with aripiprazole, haloperidol, risperidone, and tiapride, reduce
Management of Tourette syndrome
Management_of_Tourette_syndrome
Benzodiazepine medication
(Antiadrenergics) Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol, atenolol
Lorazepam
Chemical compound
is used combined with opioids or α2 adrenoreceptor agonists, such as clonidine, or both. It can be used alone when performing a non-painful procedure
Promazine
Abnormally reduced sweating
Anticholinergic agents Opioids Botulinum toxin Alpha-2 receptor antagonists Clonidine Barbiturates Zonisamide Topiramate Physical agents Tumors Burns Radiation
Hypohidrosis
Group of stereoisomers
night). Both are alpha-1 antagonists. Other sympatholytic drugs include clonidine and guanfacine, which are alpha-2 agonists; they are not in the same exact
Doxazosin
Antihypertensive medication
of 2 mg per day of rilmenidine, controlled comparative studies versus clonidine (0.15 to 0.30 mg/day) or alpha-methyldopa (500 to 1000 mg/day) demonstrated
Rilmenidine
State of decreased cerebral blood flow
recent studies have shown that the alpha 2 receptor agonists such as clonidine and guanfacine can treat hypofrontality associated with ADHD, PTSD and
Hypofrontality
Chemical compound
humans, but is closely related in structure to the commonly used drug clonidine. Romifidine acts as an agonist at the α2 adrenergic receptor subtype.
Romifidine
1996 studio album by Sublime
"Miguel" Happoldt would find a way to re-acquire the equipment. He used clonidine patches in an attempt to quit, determined to do so both before signing
Sublime_(album)
Serotonin dopamine partial agonist atypical antipsychotic
(R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine CHF-1024 Clonidine Corbadrine Deoxyepinephrine (epinine, N-methyldopamine) Detomidine Dexmedetomidine
Brexpiprazole
Distress in human infants
used in a hospital setting, while codeine is effective for use at home. Clonidine is thought to have potential to reduce pain in newborn babies but it has
Pain_in_babies
Russian slave-owner and serial killer
brought her to the garage. There, he gave her a drink of vodka laced with clonidine. Talpayeva could not sew and did not want to learn. She, however, pointed
Aleksandr_Komin_(killer)
Symptoms associated with the extrapyramidal system of the brain
to treat akathisia. Other medications that are sometimes used include clonidine, mirtazapine, or even benzodiazepines. Anticholinergic medications are
Extrapyramidal_symptoms
Pain caused by opioid addiction
increased or rotated (as a counter to opioid tolerance). a2 agonists, such as clonidine and dexmedetomidine, have been studied as alternatives or adjuncts to
Opioid-induced_hyperalgesia
Tricyclic antidepressant
(Antiadrenergics) Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol, atenolol
Amitriptyline
Medical condition
salbutamol inhalation. For persistent cases, local anesthetic nerve blocks, clonidine, or botulinum toxin injections can be considered. Supportive treatments
Proctalgia_fugax
Medication
insulin or antidiabetic drugs, β2-adrenergic receptor agonists, and clonidine. Some evidence suggests that sotalol should be avoided in the setting
Sotalol
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
brain and spinal fluid (CSF) and activity of schizophrenia. In one study, clonidine, a drug used to treat medical conditions such as ADHD and high blood pressure
Norepinephrine_transporter
Difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure
thiazide diuretic), atenolol (a beta-blocker), captopril (an ACE inhibitor), clonidine (a central α2-agonist), diltiazem (a calcium channel blocker), and prazosin
Pulse_pressure
Medication; α-adrenergic antagonist
(R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine CHF-1024 Clonidine Corbadrine Deoxyepinephrine (epinine, N-methyldopamine) Detomidine Dexmedetomidine
Phentolamine
Combination drug
(R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine CHF-1024 Clonidine Corbadrine Deoxyepinephrine (epinine, N-methyldopamine) Detomidine Dexmedetomidine
Atenolol/chlorthalidone
Class of drug
symptoms of opioid withdrawal can be treated with other medications, such as clonidine. Physical dependence does not predict drug misuse or true addiction, and
Opioid
Decongestant medication
antagonists like chlorpromazine, α2-adrenergic receptor agonists like clonidine, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors like atomoxetine and amitriptyline
Phenylephrine
Chemical compound
potential to a certain degree. In a small study in 1994, it was compared to clonidine and buprenorphine in the detoxification of methadone patients and found
Lefetamine
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