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Events from the year 1791 in Poland Monarch – Stanisław II August Constitution of May 3, 1791 Friends of the Constitution Guardians of the Laws "The dominant
1791_in_Poland
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth constitution
ended Poland's and Lithuania's sovereign existence until the close of World War I in 1918. Over the ensuing 123 years, the legacy of the 1791 Constitution
Constitution_of_3_May_1791
Calendar year
1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1791st
1791
Country in Central Europe
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains
Poland
Aristocratic republic in Europe (1569–1795)
became vulnerable; the country's name was changed to "Commonwealth of Poland" in 1791. The Warsaw Confederation signed on 28 January 1573 secured the rights
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth
in Poland dates back at least 1,000 years. For centuries, Poland was home to the largest and most significant Jewish community in the world. Poland was
History_of_the_Jews_in_Poland
Lower house of the parliament of Poland
Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the
Sejm
Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1790 and 1791, and a seat
1790–91 United States Senate elections
1790–91_United_States_Senate_elections
Religion in Poland (2021 census) Catholicism (71.4%) Other Christians (1.02%) No religion (6.87%) Other religions (0.14%) Undeclared (20.6%) Religion in Poland
Religion_in_Poland
1385–1795 territorial possessions of the King of Poland
Commonwealth. In 1791, it gained full independence, but on 28 March 1795, it was annexed by the Russian Empire in the Third Partition of Poland. The duchy
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland
Village in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland
[skalmjɛˈʐɨt͡sɛ] is an urbanized village in Ostrów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It adjoins the town of Nowe Skalmierzyce
Skalmierzyce, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Skalmierzyce,_Greater_Poland_Voivodeship
pre-war (and current) national holiday of Poland, the anniversary of signing of the Constitution of 3 May 1791. While hoisting a flag on 1 May was acceptable
Flag_of_Poland
1795 division of Poland–Lithuania
enhance Poland's military, political system, economy, and society. These reforms reached their climax with the enactment of the May Constitution in 1791, which
Third_Partition_of_Poland
Polish Roman Catholic archbishop
of Lviv. The spread of his cultus across Poland led to his beatification in 1791. Jakub Strzemię was born in 1340 to Polish nobles. He fostered a significant
Jakub_Strzemię
18th-century forced partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
contributed to the subsequent final two partitions of Poland–Lithuania. The Constitution of 3 May 1791 enfranchised the bourgeoisie, established the separation
Partitions_of_Poland
Place in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
ɡa]) is a district of Warsaw, Poland. It is on the east bank of the river Vistula. First mentioned in 1432, until 1791 it formed a separate town with
Praga
Polish sociocultural movement (c. 1820 - 1864)
Romanticism in Poland, a literary, artistic and intellectual period in the evolution of Polish culture, began around 1820, coinciding with the publication
Romanticism_in_Poland
Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
government (voivode) in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) from 1566 until the May Constitution in 1791, and from 1791 to 1795 (partitions
Brest_Litovsk_Voivodeship
royal cities enjoyed voting rights during the free election period in Poland (1572–1791). These cities were Gdańsk, Warsaw, Kraków, Poznań, Lwów, Wilno,
Royal city in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Royal_city_in_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth
Ruler of Poland–Lithuania from 1764 to 1795
Partition of Poland (1772). The latter part of his reign saw reforms wrought by the Diet (1788–1792) and the Constitution of 3 May 1791. These reforms
Stanisław_August_Poniatowski
state of Poland. Currently, the President of Poland is the head of state of the country. Most of these rulers appear for the first time in chronicles
List of heads of state of Poland
List_of_heads_of_state_of_Poland
City in Poland
in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 816,614 (2025), with 1,428,363 people living in the
Kraków
Polish political party (founded 1791)
and organizational discipline), formed in May 1791, shortly after the adoption of the Constitution of 3 May 1791, by the efforts of the Patriotic Party
Friends_of_the_Constitution
UNESCO World Heritage Site
churches of southern Lesser Poland (Polish: drewniane kościoły południowej Małopolski) of the UNESCO inscription are located in Binarowa, Blizne, Dębno,
Wooden churches of Southern Lesser Poland
Wooden_churches_of_Southern_Lesser_Poland
Historical system of labour in Poland from the Middle Ages to the 19th century
Serfdom in Poland was a legal and economic system that bound the peasant population to hereditary plots of land owned by the szlachta, or Polish nobility
Serfdom_in_Poland
Official name of Poland
The term rzeczpospolita has been used in Poland since the beginning of the 16th century. It was adapted for Poland, as it at that time had a unique republican
Rzeczpospolita
Polish national holiday
modern Poland. The Constitution of 3 May 1791 is considered one of the most important achievements in the history of Poland, despite being in effect for
3_May_Constitution_Day
Saxon princess (1782–1863)
Her family had a claim to the throne of Poland (Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) and the Constitution of 3 May 1791 named her as a potential successor to
Princess Maria Augusta of Saxony
Princess_Maria_Augusta_of_Saxony
ambassador of the United Kingdom to Poland is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative in Poland, in charge of the UK's diplomatic mission
List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Poland
List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_Poland
The history of Poland spans over a thousand years, from medieval tribes, Christianization and monarchy; through Poland's Golden Age, expansionism and
History_of_Poland
Brandenburg contains all consorts of the Central European land of Brandenburg, in its various incarnations, from the conquest of the region from the Wends until
List of consorts of Brandenburg
List_of_consorts_of_Brandenburg
significant is the Constitution of 3 May 1791. The five years after 1992 were spent in dialogue about the new character of Poland. The nation had changed significantly
Constitution_of_Poland
Internationale de Spéléologie. Retrieved August 26, 2014. "Bergwerk Villanders - Eisacktal Südtirol". Bergwerk Villanders (in German). Retrieved 2016-06-05.
List_of_show_mines
Former union of European states
that resulted in creation of the semi-federal, semi-confederal Republic of the Two Nations (Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) May 3, 1791 – Polish Constitution
Polish–Lithuanian_union
Polish noble
Joanna Grudzińska (17 May 1791, Poznań – 17 November 1831, Tsarskoye Selo) was a Polish noble, a Princess of Łowicz and the second wife of Grand Duke Constantine
Joanna_Grudzińska
envoys from Russia to Poland–Lithuania in the years 1763–1794 were among the most important characters in the politics of Poland. Their powers went far
Ambassadors and envoys from Russia to Poland (1763–1794)
Ambassadors_and_envoys_from_Russia_to_Poland_(1763–1794)
Nigerian realtor Peter Bakker (born 1961), Dutch businessman Peter Ballantine (1791–1883), American businessman Peter Bally (1783–1849), Swiss businessman Peter
List of people with given name Peter
List_of_people_with_given_name_Peter
(1828–1910), founder of the Red Cross, Nobel Peace Prize winner. Jane Franklin (1791–1875), wife of Sir John Franklin, First Lady of Tasmania, philanthropist
List of people with Huguenot ancestry
List_of_people_with_Huguenot_ancestry
Residence of the president of Poland
completed in 1818. Throughout its history, the palace was a venue for important historical events in Polish, European, and world history. In 1791, the facility
Presidential_Palace,_Warsaw
Executive governing body of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
the Constitution of May 3, 1791. It was abolished, together with other reforms of the Constitution, after the Polish defeat in the summer of Polish–Russian
Guardians_of_the_Laws
During the 14th to 16th centuries, Jews in Poland enjoyed relative prosperity and tolerance, earning that period the nickname "Paradisus Judaeorum" (Jewish
Antisemitism_in_Poland
Aspect of Polish history in the 18th-19th centuries
the Great Sejm and until the aftermath of the Constitution of May 3, 1791, Poland experienced a large output of political, particularly constitutional
Polish_Enlightenment
Country in Northern Europe
Kingdom of Poland. The two realms were united into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569, forming one of the largest and most prosperous states in Europe
Lithuania
1788–1792 Polish-Lithuanian parliament
ISBN 978-1-881284-09-3. Retrieved July 6, 2011. Poland; Jerzy Kowecki (1991). Konstytucja 3 Maja 1791 [Constitution of May 3] (in Polish). Państwowe Wydawn. Nauk. pp
Great_Sejm
Holidays in Poland are regulated by the Non-working Days Act of 18 January 1951 (Ustawa z dnia 18 stycznia 1951 o dniach wolnych od pracy; Journal of
Public_holidays_in_Poland
received the Order of the White Eagle and the Order of Saint Stanislaus. In 1776, he also received the Order of St. Anna. Volumina Legum. Book IX. Kraków
Franciszek_Antoni_Kwilecki
(1718–present) Khun Lo dynasty (AD 1353–1438, AD 1442–1583, AD 1591–1778, AD 1780–1791, AD 1811–1858, AD 1946–1975) House of Champassak (ນະ ຈຳປາສັກ) (AD 1863–1946)
List_of_dynasties
Manuscripts of the Septuagint translation
books. Most book names are not written in full. They are abbreviated from their Latin names which can be seen in the article Books of the Vulgate. Example:
Septuagint_manuscripts
Destroyed synagogue in Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland
Jerizilimska Street, in Piotrków Trybunalski, in the Łódź Voivodeship of Poland. Designed by David Friedlander and completed in 1793, the synagogue served
Great Synagogue (Piotrków Trybunalski)
Great_Synagogue_(Piotrków_Trybunalski)
highest-ranking representatives of France to Poland. The exchange of diplomatic representatives and envoys between France and Poland date back to the 16th century when
List of ambassadors of France to Poland
List_of_ambassadors_of_France_to_Poland
1772 division of Polish–Lithuania
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
First_Partition_of_Poland
1793 division of Poland–Lithuania
that would shield it while it reformed itself. The Constitution of 3 May 1791 enfranchised the bourgeoisie, established the separation of the three branches
Second_Partition_of_Poland
Essay by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Considerations on the Government of Poland — also simply The Government of Poland or, in the original French, Considérations sur le gouvernement de Pologne
Considerations on the Government of Poland
Considerations_on_the_Government_of_Poland
products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw
List_of_apple_cultivars_(L–Z)
Name list
Rzewuski (1791–1866), Polish Romantic-era journalist and novelist Henryk Samsonowicz (1930–2021), Polish historian specializing in medieval Poland, prolific
Henryk_(given_name)
Wars involving France from 987 until 1792
Restoration, July Monarchy, and Vichy France) List of wars in the Low Countries until 1560 List of wars in the southern Low Countries (1560–1829) Military history
List of wars involving the Kingdom of France
List_of_wars_involving_the_Kingdom_of_France
Queen of France from 1774 to 1792
family under house arrest in the Tuileries Palace in October 1789. The June 1791 attempted flight to Varennes and her role in the War of the First Coalition
Marie_Antoinette
German art historian
Heinrich von Heineken (1707–1791) was a German art historian who was for a time in charge of King Augustus III of Poland's royal art collection. He was
Carl_Heinrich_von_Heineken
Empire. However, Poland was undergoing a cultural and political revival after the First Partition culminating in the Constitution of 3 May 1791 and the Kościuszko
Poland–Russia_relations
Liberalism in the Philippines first emerged during Spanish rule, along with broader liberal developments within Spain. The ideology became prominent among
Liberalism_in_the_Philippines
Polish nobleman, politician and economist
was a deputy to the Great Sejm (1788-1791), where he supported the Constitution of 3 May 1791 reform movement. In addition to political reform, he also
Walerian_Stroynowski
Book censorship has existed in New Zealand since the colonial period. Initially the majority of book censorship was carried out by the Customs Department
List of books banned in New Zealand
List_of_books_banned_in_New_Zealand
Polish historian and philosopher (1750–1812)
Matejko's 1891 painting, Constitution of 3 May 1791. Several learned institutions in Poland are named in Hugo Kołłątaj's honour, including the Agricultural
Hugo_Kołłątaj
West Slavic ethnic group
are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe. The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising
Polish_people
King of France from 1774 to 1792
1791 onwards, he used the style of king of the French. The first part of Louis XVI's reign was marked by attempts to reform the French government in accordance
Louis_XVI
Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania then of the Kingdom of Poland
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Created in 1566 as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, it was passed to the Kingdom of Poland in 1569 following the Union of Lublin
Bratslav_Voivodeship
Saint-Domingue, thus extending the Penal Code of 1791 to the territory. 24 October – In the Third Partition of Poland, the Kingdom of Prussia and Habsburg Empire
LGBTQ rights in the 18th century
LGBTQ_rights_in_the_18th_century
Government system where political power lies with the people
abuses of serfdom. In force for less than 19 months, it was declared null and void by the Grodno Sejm that met in 1793. Nonetheless, the 1791 Constitution helped
Democracy
Neighbourhood and City Information System area in Warsaw, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
in the early 15th century, being located to the north from Old Warsaw. In 1791, it had been incorporated into the city of Warsaw. The historic district
New_Town,_Warsaw
Events from the year 1792 in Poland Monarch – Stanisław II August Great Sejm Polish–Russian War of 1792 Targowica Confederation "Stanisław II August Poniatowski"
1792_in_Poland
Polish military leader (1746–1817)
Partition of Poland. The Grodno Sejm, convened under duress in June, ratified the partition and was also forced to rescind the Constitution of 3 May 1791. With
Tadeusz_Kościuszko
Law enforcement in Poland consists of the Police (Policja), City Guards (named in urban areas "Straż Miejska" or in rural areas "Straż Gminna", which
Law_enforcement_in_Poland
(2016) The Gunpowder Age, China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History. New Jersey, USA & Oxshireford, UK. Princeton University Press
List_of_mercenaries
Holy Roman Emperor from 1790 to 1792
interested in negotiations with the Ottoman Turks, which in June led to a final peace, the Treaty of Sistova being signed in August 1791. On 25 August 1791, he
Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
Leopold_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
on the banknotes of different countries. The customary design of banknotes in most countries is a portrait of a notable citizen (living and/or deceased)
List_of_people_on_banknotes
Country primarily in North America
was adopted in 1791 to allay skeptics' concerns about the power of the more centralized government. Washington's resignation as Commander-in-Chief after
United_States
Polish nobleman & writer (1750–1809)
the King Stanisław II Augustus' Thursday Dinners. As a member (1772–1791) of Poland's Commission of National Education (Komisja Edukacji Narodowej) – the
Ignacy_Potocki
Church in Wędrynia, Poland
of ease located in Wędrynia, Kluczbork County in Poland. The church was built in 1791, with the tower added 1818. It was renovated in 1959. The structure
St. John the Baptist's Church, Wędrynia
St._John_the_Baptist's_Church,_Wędrynia
Elections of individual kings in Poland
in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth period between 1572 and 1791. The royal election system was briefly abolished by the Constitution of 3 May 1791
Royal_elections_in_Poland
that this event took place in 208 BC; whereas the Chinese Records of the Grand Historian dates the enthronement of Thục Phán in 218 BC, amidst the Qin campaign
List of wars involving Vietnam
List_of_wars_involving_Vietnam
Godwin (1763–1835), brigadier general in the War of 1812, for whom Godwinville was named Abraham Godwin Jr. (1791–1849), worked to name part of Franklin
List of people from Ridgewood, New Jersey
List_of_people_from_Ridgewood,_New_Jersey
American citizens of Polish descent
in 1572. Influenced by the Constitution of the United States, the commonwealth enacted a written constitution called the Constitution of 3 May 1791.
Polish_Americans
Marina in Gdynia, Poland
List of cities and towns around the Baltic Sea
List_of_cities_and_towns_around_the_Baltic_Sea
Events from the year 1794 in Poland Monarch – Stanisław II August Warsaw Uprising (1794) Wilno Uprising (1794) "Stanisław II August Poniatowski". Encyclopædia
1794_in_Poland
list of paintings by Angelica Kauffmann (1741–1807). Sold at Barridoff 2005 (in French) Renaissance du Musée de Brest, acquisitions récentes : [exposition]
List of paintings by Angelica Kauffman
List_of_paintings_by_Angelica_Kauffman
Republic (1973) Poland Constitution of 3 May (1791) Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw (1807) Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland (1815) Organic Statute
List of national constitutions
List_of_national_constitutions
Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement taking place in Europe from the late 17th century to the early 19th century. The Enlightenment
List of intellectuals of the Enlightenment
List_of_intellectuals_of_the_Enlightenment
Political philosophy
Liberal Marxism can also be viewed as liberal socialism in a broad sense, but liberal socialism in a narrow sense often refers to social liberalism or social
Liberal_Marxism
Events from the year 1789 in Poland Monarch – Stanisław II August Black Procession Elimination of the Permanent Council "Stanisław II August Poniatowski"
1789_in_Poland
Poland is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus, and Lithuania to
Territorial evolution of Poland
Territorial_evolution_of_Poland
Village in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine
family, administratively located in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1791, Mennonites were settled in the village by Antoni Protazy
Mykhailyn,_Vinnytsia_Oblast
Van Vechten (1780s), two-time New York attorney general Anthony Bleecker (1791), lawyer and founding member of the New-York Historical Society Samuel Jones
List of Columbia College people
List_of_Columbia_College_people
Polish honorary title for Mary, mother of Jesus
1791 is commonly celebrated in Poland), the Polish Catholic Church holds a solemnity called the Feast of the Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland [pl]
The Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland
The_Most_Holy_Virgin_Mary,_Queen_of_Poland
Polish bishop and writer (1738–1794)
support he was nominated to the Permanent Council (1782–1786). On 19 December 1791 he became the coadjutor bishop of Vilnius with bishop Ignacy Jakub Massalski
Józef_Kossakowski_(bishop)
Member of the French revolutionary political movement known as the Jacobin Club
The Third of May 1791". In Fiszman, Samuel (ed.). Constitution and Reform in Eighteenth-Century Poland: The Constitution of 3 May 1791. Bloomington: Indiana
Jacobin_(politics)
Political party in Malaysia
political party in Malaysia. Formed in 1968, Gerakan gained prominence in the 1969 general election when it defeated the ruling Alliance Party in Penang and
Parti_Gerakan_Rakyat_Malaysia
American reality television series episodes
seller in the episode explicitly said it was from 1967, which is in line with when The Rat Patrol originally aired on ABC. Title cards seen in the episode
List_of_Pawn_Stars_episodes
Thoroughfare in Soho, London
Street until 1791. The original building has since been rebuilt. The writer Fanny Burney had her childhood home (1760–1770) at 50 Poland Street. In 1909, nearby
Poland_Street
Polish noble, writer, literary critic (1734–1823)
Patriotic Party and co-founder of Poland's Commission of National Education. He supported the Polish Constitution of 3 May 1791, and headed a diplomatic mission
Adam_Kazimierz_Czartoryski
the IAU's naming conventions. The list below concerns those minor planets in the specified number-range that have received names, and explains the meanings
Meanings of minor-planet names: 1001–2000
Meanings_of_minor-planet_names:_1001–2000
1791 IN-POLAND
1791 IN-POLAND
Surname or Lastname
English (common in East Anglia)
English (common in East Anglia) : occupational name for a servant or a shepherd, from Middle English grÅm(e) ‘boy’, ‘servant’ (of uncertain origin), which in some places was specialized to mean ‘shepherd’.
Surname or Lastname
English (also established in Ireland)
English (also established in Ireland) : habitational name from for example Barcroft in Haworth, West Yorkshire, so named with Old English bere ‘barley’ + croft ‘paddock’, ‘smallholding’.This is the name of a family established in Ireland by William Barcroft (1612–96). They can be traced to the parish of Barcroft, Lancashire, in the reign of Henry III (1216–72).
Boy/Male
French, German, Polish
Long
Surname or Lastname
English (frequent in eastern England)
English (frequent in eastern England) : ethnic name from Norman French aleman ‘German’ or alemayne ‘Germany’ (Late Latin Alemannus and Alemannia, from a Germanic tribal name that probably originally meant ‘all the men’). In some cases the surname may be from the region of Normandy known as Allemagne (south of Caen), probably named as a Germanic-speaking enclave in a Celtic area in Roman times. In North America, the form Allman has probably absorbed some cases of cognates from other languages, in particular Spanish Aleman and French Alleman.German (Allmann) : variant of Allemann (see Alleman) or in some cases probably an Americanized form of the same name.
Surname or Lastname
English (also frequent in Wales)
English (also frequent in Wales) : patronymic from the personal name Watkin.
Surname or Lastname
English (rare in England)
English (rare in England) : apparently a habitational name from Huccaby in Devon, possibly so named from Old English woh ‘crooked’ + byge ‘river bend’, or Uckerby in North Yorkshire, named with an unattested Old Norse personal name, Úkyrri or Útkári, + býr ‘farmstead’.
Surname or Lastname
English (also found in Ireland)
English (also found in Ireland) : from a pet form of Lamb 1 and 2.
Male
Croatian
, goodness.
Female
Irish
Irish form of French Madeline, MADAILÉIN means "of Magdala."
Surname or Lastname
English (formerly common in Kent)
English (formerly common in Kent) : unexplained. This name seems to have died out in Britain.
Surname or Lastname
English (common in West Yorkshire)
English (common in West Yorkshire) : habitational name from Hainworth in West Yorkshire, named from the Old English personal name Hagena + Old English worð ‘enclosure’.English (common in West Yorkshire) : habitational name from Ainsworth in Lancashire, from the Old English personal name Ægen + worð ‘enclosure’. Names such as de Haynesworth and de Heynesworth occur in the surrounding area in the 14th century.
Surname or Lastname
English (found chiefly in the West Midlands and in Ireland)
English (found chiefly in the West Midlands and in Ireland) : habitational name from Hodnet in Shropshire, or any of various places called Hoddnant in Wales. The place names are from Welsh hawdd ‘pleasant’, ‘peaceful’ + nant ‘valley’, ‘stream’.
Surname or Lastname
English (rare in England)
English (rare in England) : variant of Hug 1.
Surname or Lastname
English (found mainly in Wales)
English (found mainly in Wales) : variant of Glasscock 2.
Surname or Lastname
English (also established in Ireland)
English (also established in Ireland) : from a pet form of the personal name Pell.English (also established in Ireland) : nickname from Old French pele ‘bald’.
Surname or Lastname
Swedish (common in Finland)
Swedish (common in Finland) : ornamental name formed with the common surname suffix -in and an unexplained first element.German : unexplained.English : unexplained.Spanish (FarÃn) : unexplained.
Female
Irish
Variant spelling of Irish Gaelic LÃadan, LÃADÃIN means "grey lady."
Surname or Lastname
English (common in Lancashire)
English (common in Lancashire) : habitational name from Sharples Hall near Bolton, probably so called from Old English scearp ‘sharp’, i.e. ‘steep’ + lǣs ‘pasture’.
Surname or Lastname
Scottish (also found in Ireland)
Scottish (also found in Ireland) : reduced form of McDow. This surname is borne by a sept of the Buchanans.English : variant of Daw.Americanized spelling of Dutch Douw, an Old Frisian personal name.Americanized spelling of German Dau.Henry Dow (1634–1707), NH soldier and statesman, was born at Ormsby in Norfolkshire, England. His father migrated with his family to Watertown in the colony of Massachusetts Bay in 1637 and moved to Hampton in the province of NH in 1644. Henry became an influential and prosperous figure in Hampton. He married twice and had four sons.
Surname or Lastname
English (also found in Wales)
English (also found in Wales) : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jenk, a back-formation from Jenkin with the removal of the supposed Anglo-Norman French diminutive suffix -in.Joseph Jenks (1602–83), the descendant of an old Welsh family, was born in England and traveled to Saugus, near Lynn, MA, in 1642 to assist in the development of America’s first iron works. His son, Joseph Jenckes (sic), followed in 1650, founded Pawtucket, RI, and raised four sons who held places of respect and distinction in RI, including one who served as governor for five years.
1791 IN-POLAND
1791 IN-POLAND
1791 IN-POLAND
1791 IN-POLAND
1791 IN-POLAND
1791 IN-POLAND
1791 IN-POLAND
prep.
With reference to movement or tendency toward a certain limit or environment; -- sometimes equivalent to into; as, to put seed in the ground; to fall in love; to end in death; to put our trust in God.
prep.
With reference to physical surrounding, personal states, etc., abstractly denoted; as, I am in doubt; the room is in darkness; to live in fear.
adv.
With privilege or possession; -- used to denote a holding, possession, or seisin; as, in by descent; in by purchase; in of the seisin of her husband.
n.
One who is in office; -- the opposite of out.
adv.
Not out; within; inside. In, the preposition, becomes an adverb by omission of its object, leaving it as the representative of an adverbial phrase, the context indicating what the omitted object is; as, he takes in the situation (i. e., he comprehends it in his mind); the Republicans were in (i. e., in office); in at one ear and out at the other (i. e., in or into the head); his side was in (i. e., in the turn at the bat); he came in (i. e., into the house).
n.
A vote by universal male suffrage; especially, in France, a popular vote, as first sanctioned by the National Constitution of 1791.
n.
An old game played with four dice. In signified a doublet, or two dice alike; in-and-in, either two doubles, or the four dice alike.
n.
An agent in the massacres in Paris, committed in patriotic frenzy, on the 22d of September, 1792.
prep.
The specific signification of in is situation or place with respect to surrounding, environment, encompassment, etc. It is used with verbs signifying being, resting, or moving within limits, or within circumstances or conditions of any kind conceived of as limiting, confining, or investing, either wholly or in part. In its different applications, it approaches some of the meanings of, and sometimes is interchangeable with, within, into, on, at, of, and among.
prep.
With reference to character, reach, scope, or influence considered as establishing a limitation; as, to be in one's favor.
v. t.
To inclose; to take in; to harvest.
prep.
With reference to a limit of time; as, in an hour; it happened in the last century; in all my life.
prep.
With reference to space or place; as, he lives in Boston; he traveled in Italy; castles in the air.
n.
The title of the native sovereigns of Hyderabad, in India, since 1719.
prep.
With reference to a whole which includes or comprises the part spoken of; as, the first in his family; the first regiment in the army.
prep.
With reference to circumstances or conditions; as, he is in difficulties; she stood in a blaze of light.
prep.
A prefix from Eng. prep. in, also from Lat. prep. in, meaning in, into, on, among; as, inbred, inborn, inroad; incline, inject, intrude. In words from the Latin, in- regularly becomes il- before l, ir- before r, and im- before a labial; as, illusion, irruption, imblue, immigrate, impart. In- is sometimes used with an simple intensive force.