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Chemical compound
Zinc hydride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ZnH2. It is a white, odourless solid which slowly decomposes into its elements at room
Zinc_hydride
Type of rechargeable battery
A nickel–metal hydride battery (NiMH or Ni–MH) is a type of rechargeable battery. The chemical reaction at the positive electrode is similar to that of
Nickel–metal_hydride_battery
Chemical element with atomic number 30 (Zn)
Zinc is a chemical element; it has symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a shiny blue whitish appearance
Zinc
Chemical compounds containing zinc
compounds of zinc include zinc peroxide ZnO 2, zinc hydride ZnH 2, and zinc carbide ZnC 2. Zinc nitrate Zn(NO 3) 2 (used as oxidizing agent), zinc chlorate
Zinc_compounds
applications in condenser tubes Nickel silver (nickel, zinc) Tungum (nickel, silicon, aluminium, zinc) Copper hydride (hydrogen) Copper–tungsten (tungsten) Glucydur
List_of_named_alloys
Escape of chemicals from within an electric battery
until the early 1990s, when nickel–metal hydride batteries supplanted them (like how alkaline batteries replaced zinc–carbon batteries). In personal computers
Battery_leakage
7783–49–5 ZnH2 zinc hydride 14018–82–7 Zn(IO3)2 zinc iodate 7790–37–6 ZnI2 zinc iodide 10139–47–6 Zn(MnO4)2 zinc permanganate 23414–72–4 ZnMoO4 zinc molybdate
List of CAS numbers by chemical compound
List_of_CAS_numbers_by_chemical_compound
Chemical compound
"The Preparation of the Hydrides of Zinc, Cadmium, Beryllium, Magnesium and Lithium by the Use of Lithium Aluminum Hydride". Journal of the American
Beryllium_hydride
Chemical compound
detected in the vapour. Unlike solid zinc(II), and cadmium(II) hydride, which are network solids, solid mercury(II) hydride is a covalently bound molecular
Mercury(II)_hydride
Chemical compounds containing only hydrogen and one other chemical element
form covalent hydrides (or nonmetal hydrides). In group 12 zinc hydride is a common chemical reagent but cadmium hydride and mercury hydride are very unstable
Binary_compounds_of_hydrogen
Chemical compound
Wilzbach, K. E; Schlesinger, H. I (1951). "The Preparation of the Hydrides of Zinc, Cadmium, Beryllium, Magnesium and Lithium by the Use of Lithium Aluminum
Magnesium_hydride
Chemical element with atomic number 48 (Cd)
chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12, zinc and mercury. Like zinc, it demonstrates oxidation state +2 in most of its compounds
Cadmium
Standard size of cylindrical dry battery
their construction, most commonly alkaline, zinc–carbon, lithium iron disulfide, and nickel–metal hydride. The exact terminal voltage, capacity and practical
AA_battery
Type of rechargeable battery
Nickel–zinc batteries do not use mercury, lead, or cadmium, or metal hydrides, all of which can be difficult to recycle. Both nickel and zinc are commonly
Nickel–zinc_battery
Chemical element with atomic number 1 (H)
liberate hydrogen. Covalent hydrides include boranes and polymeric aluminium hydride. Transition metals form metal hydrides via continuous dissolution
Hydrogen
unpleasant odors. (CuH)n copper hydride (ZnH2)n zinc(II) hydride HgH2 mercury(II) hydride TlH3 thallium hydride Borderline hydrides are most commonly formed
Borderline_hydrides
Intramolecular organic reaction in which a sigma bond is changed
occur within small- or medium-sized rings. In a thermal [1,3] hydride shift, a hydride moves three atoms. The Woodward–Hoffmann rules dictate that it
Sigmatropic_reaction
Tendency of a chemical compound to ignite in open air
indium, zinc, cadmium, etc.) and their non-aqueous solutions Triethylborane tert-Butyllithium Diethylzinc Triethylaluminium Nonmetal hydrides (arsine
Pyrophoricity
Chemical compound
the formula AsH3. This flammable, pyrophoric, and highly toxic pnictogen hydride gas is one of the simplest compounds of arsenic. Despite its lethality
Arsine
Flammable organic fuel (C4H10)
years earlier. Other names arose in the 1860s: "butyl hydride", "hydride of tetryl" and "tetryl hydride", "diethyl" or "ethyl ethylide" and others. August
Butane
Chemical compound
compound with the formula SbH3. A pnictogen hydride, this colourless, highly toxic gas is the principal covalent hydride of antimony, and a heavy analogue of
Stibine
Organic reduction of any carbonyl group by a reducing agent
borohydrides and aluminium hydrides. In terms of reaction mechanism, metal hydrides effect nucleophilic addition of hydride to the carbonyl carbon. The
Carbonyl_reduction
sulfate – Al2(SO4)3 Aluminium potassium sulfate – KAl(SO4)2 Aluminium hydride – AlH3 Americium(II) bromide – AmBr2 Americium(III) bromide – AmBr3 Americium(II)
List_of_inorganic_compounds
Electric battery type
Zinc–carbon cell Alkaline cell Lithium cell Mercury cell Silver-oxide cell Secondary cell Nickel–cadmium cell Lithium-ion cell Nickel–metal hydride cell
Dry_cell
Chemical compound
(C5H5)2ZrHCl, sometimes called zirconocene hydrochloride or zirconocene chloride hydride, and is named after Jeffrey Schwartz, a chemistry professor at Princeton
Schwartz's_reagent
Crystallographic system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube
for NaF, 2.8 Å for NaCl, and 3.2 Å for SnTe. Most of the alkali metal hydrides and halides have the rock salt structure, though a few have the caesium
Cubic_crystal_system
Standard size of dry cell battery
(0.27 oz). Rechargeable nickel–metal hydride (NiMH) AAA batteries typically weigh 14–15 g (0.49–0.53 oz). A zinc–carbon battery in this size is designated
AAA_battery
Group of dehydrogenase enzymes
coordination to zinc(II) ion Deprotonation of His-51 Deprotonation of nicotinamide ribose Deprotonation of Thr-48 Deprotonation of the alcohol Hydride transfer
Alcohol_dehydrogenase
Study of compounds with carbon to zinc bonds
compounds, which are organometallic compounds that contain carbon (C) to zinc (Zn) chemical bonds. Organozinc compounds were among the first organometallic
Organozinc_chemistry
Chemical reaction
the reducing agent employed: typically, lithium aluminum hydride, zinc-copper couple, zinc dust, magnesium-mercury amalgam, magnesium, or alkali metals
McMurry_reaction
Chemical element with atomic number 13 (Al)
aluminium hydride is lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4), which is used as a reducing agent in organic chemistry. It can be produced from lithium hydride and
Aluminium
Standard size of dry cell battery
batteries are also available, in nickel–cadmium (KR1) and nickel–metal hydride (HR1) chemistries. However, these are far less common than other rechargeable
N_battery
Chemical compound
"The Preparation of the Hydrides of Zinc, Cadmium, Beryllium, Magnesium and Lithium by the Use of Lithium Aluminum Hydride". Journal of the American
Cadmium_hydride
Common design for cylindrical battery cells and capacitors
rechargeable batteries, including nickel–cadmium (Ni-Cd), nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. The design has this name because
Jelly_roll_(battery)
battery) Nickel–lithium battery Nickel–metal hydride battery Low self-discharge NiMH battery Nickel–zinc battery Organic radical battery Oxygen-ion battery
List_of_battery_types
Form of electric battery
CRV9), and in rechargeable form in nickel–cadmium (Ni–Cd), nickel–metal hydride (Ni–MH) and lithium-ion. Mercury batteries of this format, once common
Nine-volt_battery
Chemical reaction
nitroarenes with excess zinc metal results in the formation of N,N'-diarylhydrazine. Treatment of aromatic nitro compounds with metal hydrides gives good yields
Reduction_of_nitro_compounds
Type of electrochemical cell
HFBs include zinc–bromine, zinc–cerium, soluble lead–acid, and all-iron flow batteries. Weng et al. reported a vanadium–metal hydride hybrid flow battery
Flow_battery
Surface covering of metal on a conductor
reducing agent, normally sodium hypophosphite (Note: the hydrogen leaves as a hydride ion) or thiourea, and oxidized, thus producing a negative charge on the
Plating
the zinc, causing the zinc to degrade. The latter problem was solved in 1835 by the English inventor William Sturgeon, who found that amalgamated zinc, whose
History_of_the_battery
Chemical compound hydrogen phosphide
highly toxic compound with the chemical formula PH3, classed as a pnictogen hydride. Pure phosphine is odorless, but technical grade samples have a highly
Phosphine
magnesium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (Epsom salts). Magnesium hydride was first prepared in 1951 by the reaction between hydrogen and magnesium
Magnesium_compounds
Chemical reaction with oxidation state changes
atom as a hydride ion. Reductants in chemistry are very diverse. Electropositive elemental metals, such as lithium, sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and aluminium
Redox
terminal alkyne. In the Crabbé reaction, the secondary amine serves as the hydride donor, which results in the formation of the corresponding imine as the
Crabbé_reaction
Cleavage of a chemical bond by acids
NaBH(O2CCH3)3 + 3 H2 Related reactions occur for hydrides of other electropositive elements, e.g. lithium aluminium hydride. The alkyl derivatives of many metals
Protonolysis
Electrical action produced by a non-electrical source
cell consists of a zinc anode (an electron collector) that is oxidized as it dissolves into a zinc sulfate solution. The dissolving zinc leaving behind its
Electromotive_force
Chemical element with atomic number 31 (Ga)
element in nature, but rather as gallium(III) compounds in trace amounts in zinc ores (such as sphalerite) and in bauxite. The melting point of gallium, 29
Gallium
Chemical compound
more efficient and more general route to decamethyldizincocene, potassium hydride is used to reduce decamethylzincocene to decamethyldizincocene. Other reductants
Decamethyldizincocene
Electric battery which can be recharged
and electrolytes are used, including lead–acid, zinc–air, nickel–cadmium (NiCd), nickel–metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), lithium iron phosphate
Rechargeable_battery
doi:10.1093/ce/zkaf048. ISSN 2515-4230. "All About Batteries, Part 5: Carbon Zinc Batteries". Retrieved 2016-02-26. "Energizer Non-Rechargeable Batteries:
Comparison of commercial battery types
Comparison_of_commercial_battery_types
Spontaneous discharge of a charged battery
self-discharge rates were developed, like low-self-discharge nickel–metal hydride cells. Self-discharge is a chemical reaction, just as closed-circuit discharge
Self-discharge
Power supply with electrochemical cells
power density and cost) include nickel–cadmium (NiCd), nickel–zinc (NiZn), nickel–metal hydride (NiMH), and lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells. Li-ion has by far
Electric_battery
Chemical element with atomic number 49 (In)
processing of the ores of other metals, chiefly from sphalerite and other zinc sulfide ores. Indium has no biological role and its compounds are toxic when
Indium
Particle, atom or molecule with a net electrical charge
Nickel–lithium Nickel–metal hydride Nickel–zinc Polysulfide–bromide Potassium ion Rechargeable alkaline Silver–cadmium Silver–zinc Sodium ion Sodium–sulfur
Ion
Type of battery
hold their charge for years, longer than nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries, which self-discharge. Rechargeable alkaline batteries can have
Rechargeable_alkaline_battery
Group of chemical elements
numbering, is a group of chemical elements in the periodic table. It includes zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and copernicium (Cn). Formerly this group
Group_12_element
Chemical theory about acids and bases
reciprocal of hardness. In a compilation of hardness values only that of the hydride anion deviates. Another discrepancy noted in the original 1983 article
HSAB_theory
Alloy of mercury with another metal
dental amalgams are made with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc. Mercury is a relatively abundant, naturally occurring element in the Earth
Amalgam_(chemistry)
Naming of types of electrical battery
Non-cylindrical batteries. E.g. 3R12, 4R25, 6F22 Nickel-cadmium and Nickel-metal hydride batteries follow a similar rule as the system above; especially cylindrical
Battery_nomenclature
designated 1130, but a battery holder will accept either size. Miniature zinc-air batteries are button cells that use oxygen in air as a reactant and have
List_of_battery_sizes
Pyrophoric rare-earth metal alloy
G. (1999-08-30). "Mechanically alloyed MmNi5-type materials for metal hydride electrodes". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 290 (1–2): 262–266. doi:10
Mischmetal
Chemical element with atomic number 50 (Sn)
the +4 oxidation state, is unstable. Organotin hydrides are however well known, e.g. tributyltin hydride (Sn(C4H9)3H). These compounds release transient
Tin
Type of spectroanalytical procedure
With these elements, hydride atomization enhances detection limits by a factor of 10 to 100 compared to alternative methods. Hydride generation occurs by
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Atomic_absorption_spectroscopy
Chemical compound
ROH → CH3C6H4SO2OR + HCl Tosylates can be cleaved with lithium aluminium hydride: 4 CH3C6H4SO2OR + LiAlH4 → LiAl(O3SC6H4CH3)4 + 4 RH Thus, tosylation followed
4-Toluenesulfonyl_chloride
Type of rechargeable battery
and portable electronic devices. The superior capacity of nickel–metal hydride batteries, and recent lower cost, has largely supplanted Ni–Cd use. Further
Nickel–cadmium_battery
Chemical element with atomic number 12 (Mg)
magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (Epsom salts). As recently as 2020, magnesium hydride was under investigation as a way to store hydrogen. Magnesium has three
Magnesium
Non-explosives producing heat, light and sound
in some igniters Zirconium(II) hydride – together with potassium perchlorate it is used in some igniters Aluminum hydride – unstable for storage (decomposes
Pyrotechnic_composition
Unstable and toxic chemical compound
It is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen, and is therefore a pnictogen hydride. It was first isolated in 1890 by Theodor Curtius. The acid has few applications
Hydrazoic_acid
Disputed concept in chemistry
welding Laborda, F.; Bolea, E.; Baranguan, M. T.; Castillo, J. R. (2002). "Hydride generation in analytical chemistry and nascent hydrogen: when is it going
Nascent_hydrogen
Chemical species that donates an electron to another species in a redox reaction
calcium, barium, sodium and magnesium, and also compounds that contain the hydride H− ion, those being NaH, LiH, LiAlH4 and CaH2. Some elements and compounds
Reducing_agent
Related chemical elements of the periodic table
form fewer stable hydrides, although both AlH3 and GaH3 exist. Indium, the next element in the group, is not known to form many hydrides, except in complex
Boron_group
Chemical compound
PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate vinyl acetate and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide
Vinyl_acetate
original on 2007-10-15. 75 to 85 watt-hours per kilogram High Energy Metal Hydride Battery Archived 2009-09-30 at the Wayback Machine "V-Fuel Company and
Energy density extended reference table
Energy_density_extended_reference_table
Chemical compounds containing aluminium
aluminium hydride is lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4), which is used in as a reducing agent in organic chemistry. It can be produced from lithium hydride and
Aluminium_compounds
Geochemical classification
relative to their solar abundances since they do not form volatile hydrides. Zinc and gallium are somewhat "lithophile" in nature because they often occur
Goldschmidt_classification
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
protons, forming an enediolate intermediate, rather than by transferring hydrides. Unusually for a metalloprotein, this enzyme shows activity with several
Lactoylglutathione_lyase
Obsolete theory of chemistry
Kolbe countered that ethyl hydride was also a possibility and in 1864 Carl Schorlemmer proved that dimethyl and ethyl hydride were in fact one and the same
Radical_theory
Chemical compound
8049-11-4) is an alloy of aluminium (44% – 46%), copper (49% – 51%) and zinc (4% – 6%). Devarda's alloy is used as reducing agent in analytical chemistry
Devarda's_alloy
Chemical element with atomic number 40 (Zr)
(March 2001). "Thermophysical properties of zirconium hydride and uranium–zirconium hydride". Journal of Nuclear Materials. 289 (3): 329–333. Bibcode:2001JNuM
Zirconium
vacuum (this includes some metals and their alloys, most notably cadmium and zinc). Or the gases can be released from porous materials or from cracks and crevices
Materials_for_use_in_vacuum
Study of organic compounds containing metal(s)
organometallic as well. Some related compounds such as transition metal hydrides and metal phosphine complexes are often included in discussions of organometallic
Organometallic_chemistry
Critical temperature of miscibility in a mixture
system which has a solid solution phase (H2 in Pd) in equilibrium with a hydride phase (PdHn) below the UCST at 300 °C. Above this temperature there is
Upper critical solution temperature
Upper_critical_solution_temperature
Organic compound, a stimulant in humans
β-phenethylamine is the reduction of ω-nitrostyrene by lithium aluminium hydride in ether, whose successful execution was first reported by R. F. Nystrom
Phenethylamine
Reduction in ductility of a metal exposed to hydrogen
in the tension field of edge dislocations. Metal hydride formation: The formation of brittle hydrides allows cracks to propagate in a brittle manner. This
Hydrogen_embrittlement
Chemical compound
(silica alumina) catalyst. tert-Butylthiol is deprotonated by lithium hydride in an aprotic solvent such as hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). The resulting
Tert-Butylthiol
Chemical compound
ligand is not. Treatment of [RhCl(NH3)5]Cl2 with zinc dust in the presence of ammonia gives the hydride complex [RhH(NH3)5]2+. Chloropentamminecobalt chloride
Pentaamminechlororhodium dichloride
Pentaamminechlororhodium_dichloride
Chemical element with atomic number 7 (N)
binary nitrogen hydrides are known, but the most important are hydrazine (N2H4) and hydrogen azide (HN3). Although it is not a nitrogen hydride, hydroxylamine
Nitrogen
Chemical element with atomic number 43 (Tc)
reacting with hydrogen at high pressure, it forms the non-stoichiometric hydride TcH1.3 and while reacting with carbon it forms Tc6C, with cell parameter
Technetium
Paper on taxol synthesis
tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers, reduction of the ester with lithium aluminium hydride and selective deprotection of the secondary hydroxyl group gave lactone
Nicolaou Taxol total synthesis
Nicolaou_Taxol_total_synthesis
groups. Common pathways of decomposition include proto-demetalation and β-hydride elimination. Multiple reviews on the topic of homoenolates and their reactivity
Homoenolates
reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds include chiral copper hydride catalysts developed by Buchwald and later Lipshutz, which evolved from
Semicorrin
Organic compound with a –C(=O)Cl group
lithium aluminium hydride and diisobutylaluminium hydride to give primary alcohols. Lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminium hydride, a bulky hydride donor, reduces
Acyl_chloride
Chemical element with atomic number 92 (U)
hydrogen to form uranium hydride. Even higher temperatures will reversibly remove the hydrogen. This property makes uranium hydrides convenient starting materials
Uranium
Chemical compound
presence of zinc gives ethyl 2-(1-hydroxy-2,3-dihydroinden-1-yl)acetate (2). The reduction of the ester with ester with lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4)
Pirandamine
Electrodes with a conjunction of a solid, liquid and gaseous interface
have been adapted for various other processes like: Zinc-air battery since 1980 Nickel-metal hydride battery since 1990 Chlorine production by electrolysis
Gas_diffusion_electrode
phosphide UN 1434 4.2 Strontium UN 1435 4.3 Zinc ashes UN 1436 4.3 Zinc powder or Zinc dust UN 1437 4.1 Zirconium hydride UN 1438 5.1 Aluminium nitrate UN 1439
List of UN numbers 1401 to 1500
List_of_UN_numbers_1401_to_1500
Chemical compound
passing a proton to water to make the HS• radical. M is a metal such as zinc or copper. This has potential for bioleaching in metallic ore extraction
Sulfanyl
Chemical compound
nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. A stable binary hydride and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinctive pungent
Ammonia
Group of atoms introduced into a compound to prevent subsequent reactions
carbonyl, hydride attack on the carbonyl must be prevented. One way to do so converts the carbonyl into an acetal, which does not react with hydrides. The
Protecting_group
Group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more halogens
using lithium aluminium hydride. Azoalkanes may be reduced to primary amines by Staudinger reduction or lithium aluminium hydride. Amines may also be prepared
Haloalkane
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