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Working people whose incomes fall below the poverty line
The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line due to low-income jobs and low familial household income. These are people
Working_poor
2004 book by David K. Shipler
The Working Poor: Invisible in America is a 2004 book written by Pulitzer Prize-winner David K. Shipler. From personal interviews and research, Shipler
The_Working_Poor
that 8.2% of regular employees made little enough to be considered working poor. In October 2009, Japan's Labor Ministry released a report which stated
Poverty_in_Japan
Relationship between employee and employer
without increases in productivity leads to a rise in the number of "working poor", which is why some experts are now promoting the creation of "quality"
Employment
Social class of people working for a living, working poor
1540-5931.2010.00758.x. ISSN 1540-5931. Shipler, David K. (2004). The Working Poor: Invisible in America. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-0-375-40890-8. Skeggs
Working_class
Model to classify people in society
capitalist class, an upper middle class, a lower middle class, a working class, a working-poor class, and an underclass. Karl Marx believed that social class
Gilbert_model
Organization database. According to International Labour Organization, "the working poor are employed people who live in households that fall below an accepted
List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty
List_of_countries_by_percentage_of_population_living_in_poverty
1969 studio album by Creedence Clearwater Revival
football game.'" "Don't Look Now" displays Fogerty's concern for the working poor ("Who will take the coal from the mine? Who will take the salt from the
Willy_and_the_Poor_Boys
American academic, scholar and social worker
Martha is a development practitioner and scholar who has worked with the working poor in India, South Asia, and around the world. Her areas of specialization
Martha_Chen
Overtime work schedule from China
The 996 working hour system (Chinese: 996工作制) is a work schedule that derives its name from its requirement that workers clock in from 9:00 am to 9:00
996_working_hour_system
Hierarchical stratification of societies
with low income. The working class is sometimes separated into those who are employed but lacking financial security (the "working poor") and an underclass—those
Social_class
American class structure. American Jews were predominantly working-class and often working poor for much of American history, particularly between 1880 and
Jewish-American_working_class
Social class and literary trope
genteel poor as seen in these works are typically not working class. Notable books containing characters which are members of the genteel poor include
Genteel_poverty
Grouping Americans by some measure of social status
working class constituted by clerical and blue collar workers, whose work is highly routinized, and a lower class, divided between the working poor and
Social class in the United States
Social_class_in_the_United_States
Social class in the United States
class into the working poor and underclass. Service and low-rung manual laborers are commonly identified as being among the working poor. Those who do
American_lower_class
2018 book by David Graeber
reason people are not working 15-hour weeks, as predicted in 1930 by John Maynard Keynes, but he did not acknowledge that working hours have declined and
Bullshit_Jobs
Class of wage-earners
tedious and repetitive tasks. Working class – Social class of people working for a living, working poor Blue-collar worker – Working-class person who performs
Proletariat
American writer (born 1978)
steady gaze—empathetic, self-aware, feminist—on the invisibility of white working poor mothers and the stigma they face as they struggle to secure a stable
Stephanie_Land
Watchdog group advocating government reform
the National Urban Coalition, an advocacy group for minorities and the working poor in urban areas. In its early days, Common Cause focused its efforts on
Common_Cause
2023 science fiction black comedy film by Yorgos Lanthimos
Poor Things is a 2023 film directed by Yorgos Lanthimos and written by Tony McNamara, based on the 1992 novel by Alasdair Gray. A co-production between
Poor_Things_(film)
2016 memoir by JD Vance
endorsing policies used to "gut the poor". He argues that Vance "totally discounts the role racism played in the white working class's opposition to President
Hillbilly_Elegy
Political party in France
the sans-culottes, the lower-class working peoples. The Enragés, though not a cohesive body, offered these working poor a platform to express their dissent
Enragés
Condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs
Ravallion (February 2012). "Poor, or Just Feeling Poor?" (PDF). The World Bank Open Knowledge Repository. Dan Morrell."Who Is Poor?", Harvard Magazine. January–February
Extreme_poverty
Laws regarding poverty in England, 16th–19th century
The English Poor Laws were a system of poor relief in England and Wales that developed out of the codification of late-medieval and Tudor-era laws in
English_Poor_Laws
2001 book by Barbara Ehrenreich
out to investigate the impact of the 1996 welfare reform act on the working poor in the United States. The events related in the book took place between
Nickel_and_Dimed
Economic theory by Terry Pratchett
Watch through Vimes' perspective, Vimes muses on how expensive it is to be poor: The reason that the rich were so rich, Vimes reasoned, was because they
Boots_theory
Political party in the United States
The Working Families Party (WFP) is a progressive minor political party in the United States. WFP was organized in 1998 as a successor to the New Party
Working_Families_Party
South Korean neologism
Tang ping, China General: NEET Sexual abstinence Singleton (lifestyle) Working poor Yu, Jung-in; Park, Eun-ha (2011-05-18). "[복지국가를 말한다](1부)② 과부하 걸린 한국의
N-po_generation
Chinese writer (born 1955)
1955), is a Chinese writer, known for her literary depictions of the working poor. She won the Lu Xun Literary Prize in 2010. Born in Nanjing, she attended
Fang_Fang
Social structure of British society
rising living standards for the industrial working class. Many either dropped in status to the working poor or fell into permanent reliance on welfare
Social class in the United Kingdom
Social_class_in_the_United_Kingdom
Vicious cycle that reinforces poverty
the unique circumstances of each labor market. Some poor households, with or without full-time working members, have people that can not work very much,
Cycle_of_poverty
Topics referred to by the same term
Opportunity International, a microfinance network that lends to the working poor Opportunity NYC, a 2007–2012 experimental conditional cash transfer program
Opportunity
Activities performed to support one's needs
health Paid time off Sick leave Unemployment (worklessness) Unpaid work Working poor Workplace safety standards Related concepts Critique of work Effects
Work_(human_activity)
High-interest payday lender
loans, have been described as "exploitative financial products to the working poor," since the short-term loans carry annual interest of up to 450%. The
Advance_Financial
Social category
Civil War of 1861–1865, peonage developed in the Southern United States. Poor white farmers and formerly enslaved African Americans known as freedmen,
Peonage
Painting series by Vincent van Gogh
livelihoods of the working poor with little opportunity to change vocation. Van Gogh had a particular interest in creating character studies of working men and women
Peasant Character Studies (Van Gogh series)
Peasant_Character_Studies_(Van_Gogh_series)
centuries—from the era of medieval serfdom to the age of the industrial working poor—poverty remained an entrenched challenge, persisting despite the continuous
History of poverty in the United Kingdom
History_of_poverty_in_the_United_Kingdom
1971 Italian film
The Working Class Goes to Heaven (Italian: La classe operaia va in paradiso), released in the US as Lulu the Tool, is a 1971 Italian satirical political
The Working Class Goes to Heaven
The_Working_Class_Goes_to_Heaven
of farming smallholders. All these groups, and the remaining industrial working class, have considerable political power, which they are able to flex when
Social_class_in_France
2010 Canadian film
late 2000s recession and looks at solutions for Canada's working poor. The film follows two working Canadians and Mary Walsh to Ireland and then to Sweden
Poor_No_More
Economic and social class in the United States
wages in the industrialized world" which has "swelled the ranks of the working poor, most of whom are thirty-five or older." Jonathan Hopkin writes that
Working class in the United States
Working_class_in_the_United_States
Indonesian migration program
poverty and overpopulation on Java, to provide opportunities for hard-working poor people, and to provide a workforce to utilize better the natural resources
Transmigration_program
American salesman (1883–1941)
economically progressive policies such as financial support for the working poor, trust-busting, child labor laws, a minimum wage, and progressive taxation
Jack_Reagan
Public institution providing housing and relief for the poor
improved. By the 1920s, only about 7 percent of poor farm residents were physically capable of working, and only a small portion of them—around 12 percent—remained
Poorhouse
considered to be in a household where the main income earner is working poor. Working poor is defined as someone who works more than 910 hours a year and
Poverty_in_Canada
Discrimination on the basis of social class
Earned Income Tax Credit is described as a program for families of the working poor earning below a specified income threshold. An article citing a 2000
Class_discrimination
Japanese yuri manga
follows Nako, a poor 21-year-old who begins working at a jewellery store along Ren, a rich lesbian who owns the store. Okashi Nako, a poor 21-year-old, is
Poor_Poor_Lips
Welfare program
working poor; and that the high and rising costs of the programs in general were insupportable. AFDC covered only 17% of the poor and 35% of all poor
Family_Assistance_Plan
Dutch tailor and prostitute
that period, which reflected the domestic life and hardships of the working poor. Their relationship was not accepted by his family or supporters, although
Sien_(Van_Gogh_series)
Social class which is a sub-division of the greater middle class
Lahiri, Tripti (19 August 2010). "Much of Indian 'Middle Class' Is Almost Poor". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 23 November 2011. Weisman, Jonathan
Lower_middle_class
British journalist
a series of articles which drew attention to the plight of London's working poor. He was one of the first journalists to cover stories incognito, and
James_Greenwood_(journalist)
Term criticizing labor exploitation
livelihood, especially when wages are low, treatment and conditions are poor, there is little competition for labor, and there are few chances for upward
Wage_slavery
Community bordering harmful industry or effects
disproportionately inhabited by people of color, Indigenous communities, and the working poor. As a result of exposure to hazardous materials and emissions, fenceline
Fenceline_community
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 (4 & 5 Will. 4. c. 76) (PLAA) known widely as the New Poor Law, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed
Poor_Law_Amendment_Act_1834
American author (born 1942)
a Promised Land. Among his other publications the book entitled, The Working Poor: Invisible in America, also has garnered many awards. Formerly, he was
David_K._Shipler
British government and ecclesiastical action to relieve poverty
In English and British history, poor relief refers to government and ecclesiastical action to relieve poverty, particularly before the Liberal welfare
Poor_relief_in_England
Minimum wage in United Kingdom
Maximum wage Minimum wage Minimum wage law in the UK Universal Credit Working poor Low Pay Commission (26 November 2025). "Minimum wage rates for 2026"
National_Living_Wage
Service It Is Expensive to Be Poor. The Atlantic. January 13, 2014. Here's The Painful Truth About What It Means To Be 'Working Poor' In America. The Huffington
Poverty_in_the_United_States
Catholic order of convent nuns
The Poor Clares, officially the Order of Saint Clare (Latin: Ordo Sanctae Clarae), originally referred to as the Order of Poor Ladies, and also known as
Poor_Clares
Labour pool in employment
All women who perform some kind of job Working class – Social class of people working for a living, working poor Blanchard, O., 2020. Macroeconomics, Global
Workforce
Form of society
basic income and the reduction of the length of a working day and the number of days of a working week. Increased focus on what post-work society would
Post-work_society
American novelist (1917–1967)
(Jewish) and temperament allowed him to empathize with outsiders: the working poor, the unjustly accused, fugitives, criminals." Goodis was born in Philadelphia
David_Goodis
Arrangement to work four days per week
customary five-day workweek. This arrangement can be a part of flexible working hours, and is sometimes used to cut costs. The four-day week movement has
Four-day_workweek
Spanish term, usually referring to the revolutionary Spanish masses
origins of the label. Some claim that the word was coined to describe the working poor, the social class from which Perón drew the greatest amount of his political
Descamisado
1843 poem by Thomas Hood
for those who actively opposed the wretched conditions of England's working poor, who often spent seven days a week labouring under inhumane conditions
The_Song_of_the_Shirt
Measures to reduce poverty permanently
without increases in productivity leads to a rise in the number of "working poor", which is why some experts are now promoting the creation of "quality"
Poverty_reduction
Overview of and topical guide to working time and conditions
Critique of work Job attitude Job strain Labor rights Paid time off Post-work society Refusal of work Trade union Wage slavery Working poor Work motivation
Outline of working time and conditions
Outline_of_working_time_and_conditions
American politician (born 1963)
co-founder and National Coordinator of the Poor People's Economic Human Rights Campaign, also called the Poor People's Army. She has been a noted advocate
Cheri_Honkala
Pejorative work-related slang
when he worked undercover in several fast food venues Permatemp Poverty Working poor Zero-hour contract, some businesses participate in, whereby work is not
McJob
the increased participation in the labor force. The majority of the working poor in the Philippines are informal or non-wage workers who are not protected
Poverty_in_the_Philippines
Charitable organization in Arizona
about the working poor in America". "Home". workingpoorfamilies.org. Archived from the original on August 12, 2007. "Who are the working poor in America
Phoenix_Rescue_Mission
Condition of homelessness without regular employment or income
Fumerton, Patricia (2006). Unsettled: The Culture of Mobility and the Working Poor in Early Modern England. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0226269559
Vagrancy
State of being supported at the public expense
army of labour Social exclusion Social stigma The Prince and the Pauper Working poor Owen, H. W., Morgan, R. (2022:390). Dictionary of the Place-Names of
Pauperism
Public baths in Britain
growing middle class. These commercial endeavours offered nothing for the working poor. The popularity of wash-houses was spurred by the newspaper interest
Baths and wash houses in Britain
Baths_and_wash_houses_in_Britain
has also a significant number of working poor, estimated at 145,000 in 2015. Historically, Switzerland has been a poor country, especially the Alpine regions
Poverty_in_Switzerland
Social class in the United States
strata—the proverbial "Average Joe"—are commonly in the area where the working and lower middle classes overlap. Tertiary education (or "higher education")
American_middle_class
1967 British film by Ken Loach
Poor Cow (also known as No Tears for Joy) is a 1967 British kitchen sink drama film directed by Ken Loach and starring Carol White and Terence Stamp. It
Poor_Cow
American author and political commentator
politics of J.D. Vance's Hillbilly Elegy are already being used to gut the working poor," Salon, March 2016. "Author Talk features Jared Yates Sexton March 2"
Jared_Yates_Sexton
which forced landowners to pay higher wages. There were also relatively few poor people in America at the time, since only those with at least some money
Income inequality in the United States
Income_inequality_in_the_United_States
Money or goods given to poor people
revenue and 5–10% of one's harvest to the poor. Possible recipients include the destitute, the working poor, those who are unable to pay off their own
Alms
Non-profit organization
Parker. This initial civic engagement led to awareness about Houston's working poor. She studied the settlement movement of England, and its best-known American
BakerRipley
Sudden death from overwork
1988, the Labor Force Survey reported that almost one fourth of the male working employees worked over 60 hours per week (equivalent of two-and-a-half days)
Karoshi
Global research - policy network
particular the poverty of the working poor in the informal economy caused by low earnings, high risks, and adverse working environments and conditions associated
WIEGO
Brazilian artist
in the mythology of the Amazonian Indians. The Brazilian artist Kim Poor, working with a demanding technique in which tiny specks of pure pigment are
Kim_Poor
Book by Joe Bageant
Virginia, and his take on income inequality and problems facing the working poor. Dixler, Elsa Paperback Row July 27, 2008 The New York Times Retrieved
Deer_Hunting_with_Jesus
Job requiring little or no prior work experience
Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates – Japanese hiring practice Working poor – Working people whose incomes fall below the poverty line Craig, Ryan. "Employers
Entry-level_job
Independent on-demand temporary workers
Pacific and South-East Asia regions. Work has also been associated with poor mental health outcomes amongst gig workers. Legislatures have adopted regulations
Gig_worker
Cognitive system for temporarily holding information
it is unclear whether working memory dysfunction leads to ADHD, or ADHD distractibility leads to poor functionality of working memory, or if there is
Working_memory
American anthropologist and activist (1961–2020)
anthropologists and left-wing thinkers of his time. Born in New York City to a working-class family, Graeber studied at Purchase College and the University of
David_Graeber
Era of British history, c. 1795 to 1837
met with significant unpopularity and opposition, especially among the working poor in industrial areas. Nevertheless this harsh system remained the primary
Regency_era
American historian
the executive director of the Kalmanovitz Initiative for Labor and the Working Poor. McCartin was born in Chelsea, Massachusetts, in 1959. He is the son
Joseph_A._McCartin
Type of rental lodging
were beginning to be used more often by postsecondary "students, the working poor, or the unemployed." By the 1960s, rooming and boarding houses were deteriorating
Boarding_house
Period of social and economic change from agrarian to industrial society
employment opportunities; more than 40% of the world's employees are "working poor", whose incomes fail to keep themselves and their families above the
Industrialisation
Period of time that an individual spends at paid occupational labor
An economic mystery: Why do the poor seem to have more free time than the rich?". Slate. Retrieved 2008-01-28. "Working in the 21st Century". U.S. Department
Working_time
American historian
and the associate director of Kalmanovitz Initiative for Labor and the Working Poor and co-director of WILL Empower (Women Innovating Labor Leadership) at
Lane_Windham
Victorian era term for a form of cheap accommodation
1845 work The Condition of the Working Class in England, Friedrich Engels described the living conditions of the working poor, including those staying in
Common_lodging-house
American author and political activist
Mouth: Living in Bootstrap America is about her life as a member of the working poor. She has also written articles for The Guardian, The Daily Beast and
Linda_Tirado
2021–2023 surge in job quits
Great Resignation as workers participating in a general strike against poor working conditions and low wages. By August 2022, however, the U.S. workforce
Great_Resignation
2014 book by Linda Tirado
answer many questions that middle and upper-class people have about the working poor, such as why they eat junk food, have kids, smoke, drink and do drugs
Hand to Mouth: Living in Bootstrap America
Hand_to_Mouth:_Living_in_Bootstrap_America
void in charitable work specifically for the aid of families of the working poor. With the support of San Francisco’s first Archbishop, Joseph Sadoc Alemany
Sisters of the Holy Family (California)
Sisters_of_the_Holy_Family_(California)
WORKING POOR
WORKING POOR
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a diminutive of Moore 2, 3.North German (Möring) : patronymic from the nickname Mohr (see Mohr 2).North German (Möring) : habitational name from Möringen or Möhringen near Stendal and Stettin.Dutch : variant of Morin.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Hoskin.
Boy/Male
German French
Famous in battle.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Oxfordshire and West Sussex named Goring, from Old English GÄringas ‘people of GÄra’, a short form of the various compound names with the first element gÄr ‘spear’.German (Göring) : see Goering.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a diminutive of Middle English cok ‘cock’ (see Cocke).
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly Lancashire and Cheshire)
English (mainly Lancashire and Cheshire) : unexplained.Probably an altered form of German Dornig, which is probably a nickname for someone with a sharp tongue, from an adjectival derivative of Middle High German, Middle Low German dorn ‘thorn’. The suffixes -ig and -ing were often interchanged in Pennsylvania German and elsewhere. The name may also refer to a sloe bush.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Waring.
Boy/Male
German
Renowned Warrior's Son
Surname or Lastname
English
English : ethnic name from Old French Lohereng ‘man from Lorraine’ (see Lorraine).
Boy/Male
French, German
Renowned Warrior's Son; From Lorraine; Son of the Famous Warrior
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Norman personal name Warin, derived from Germanic war(in) ‘guard’, and used as a short form of various compound names with this first element. Compare, for example, Warner 2. The name was popular in France and among the Normans, partly as a result of the popularity of the Carolingian lay Guérin de Montglave.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Devon)
English (chiefly Devon) : from a Middle English pet form of the Old English personal name Hocca.Dutch : patronymic from Hock 4.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived at a place where wood was cut, Middle English wo(o)ding.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Markin.
Surname or Lastname
English (Somerset)
English (Somerset) : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling Waring.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Dear 1.German (Döring) : see Doering.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Good looking, Bright like morning
Boy/Male
Latin Teutonic
True.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from either of two places called Worthing, in Sussex and Norfolk. The Norfolk place name is probably from Old English worðign ‘the enclosure’, while the Sussex one is derived from an unattested Old English personal name, Weorð, (from Old English weorð ‘worthy’) + -ingas ‘people of’.
WORKING POOR
WORKING POOR
Girl/Female
Anglo Saxon
Gift of the sun.
Girl/Female
Russian
Reborn.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Little; Moon
Girl/Female
Tamil
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia, chiefly Norfolk)
English (East Anglia, chiefly Norfolk) : occupational name for someone who mowed pasture lands to provide hay, from an agent derivative of Middle English mow(en) ‘mow’ (Old English mÄwen).Welsh : nickname from mawr ‘big’ (see Moore 6).German (Möwer) : nickname from an agent derivative of Middle High German mÅven ‘to torment, trouble, or burden’.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Fragrant
Boy/Male
Arabic, Modern
Trust Worthy; Patient; Kind
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Worshipper of Allah
Male
Danish
, home.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Prosperity
WORKING POOR
WORKING POOR
WORKING POOR
WORKING POOR
WORKING POOR
a.
Having a swaying, rolling, or back-and-forth movement; used for rocking.
n.
The act of one who, or that which, marks; the mark or marks made; arrangement or disposition of marks or coloring; as, the marking of a bird's plumage.
v. i.
A horizontal working forming one of a series, the working faces of which present the appearance of a flight of steps.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Cork
a.
Pertaining to, or characteristic of, working days, or workdays; everyday; hence, plodding; hard-working.
a.
Wonder-working.
n.
The morning of yesterday.
a.
Wetting thoroughly; drenching; as, a soaking rain.
n.
The act or manner of expressing in words; style of expression; phrasing.
a.
Pertaining to the first part or early part of the day; being in the early part of the day; as, morning dew; morning light; morning service.
n.
A coarse woolen fabric, used for floor cloths, to cover carpets, etc.; -- so called from the town of Bocking, in England, where it was first made.
a.
Having a certain look or appearance; -- often compounded with adjectives; as, good-looking, grand-looking, etc.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Word
a.
Distressing; worrying; perplexing; corroding; as, carking cares.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Worm
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Work
a.
Looking on or forward.
n.
The act or art of working or forging metals, as iron, into any desired shape.