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Global adoption of western culture and values
(2): 34–67. Westernizer – Britannica Online Encyclopedia Howard F. Stein, "Russian Nationalism and the Divided Soul of the Westernizers and Slavophiles
Westernization
Political ideology in 19th-century Russian Empire
Pochvennichestvo, anti-Westernisation movement Slavophile Westernization Total Westernization Westernizer – Britannica Online Encyclopedia Howard F. Stein, "Russian
Westernizer
Pro-Western thoughts in mainland China
improvement, Chinese nationalism rose and the total westernization theory declined. Datsu-A Ron Westernizer Zhang Dainian and Cheng Yishan, "Chinese Culture
Total_Westernization
19th-century Russian nationalist movement
Church, rather than through the radical programs of (for example) the Westernizer intelligentsia. The Slavophiles and the Pochvennichestvo differed in
Pochvennichestvo
Anti-Eviction Campaign South African movement struggling against evictions Westernizer White Power Movement Wikimedia movement Women Against War Woman's Exchange
List_of_social_movements
response, a number of scholars resisted the idea, saying democracy and Westernization had no place in traditional Chinese culture. Liang Shuming's opinion
Democracy_in_China
Feelings and behaviors
Human male sexuality encompasses a wide variety of feelings and behaviors. Men's feelings of attraction may be caused by various physical and social traits
Human_male_sexuality
Empire in East Asia (1897–1910)
Emperor Gojong oversaw the Gwangmu Reform, a partial modernization and westernization of Korea's military, economy, land system, education system, and various
Korean_Empire
Country in East Asia
opened the country to widespread proselytism as part of a project of Westernization. The weakness of Korean shamanism, which—unlike Japanese Shinto and
South_Korea
Student-led demonstrations in China
Harsh Actions Threaten to Set Back 10-Year Reform Drive – Suspicions of Westernization Are Ascendant, and Army Has a Political Role Again – A Movement Unlikely
1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
378–380, 624. Buzpinar, Ş. Tufan (March 2007). "Celal Nuri's Concepts of Westernization and Religion". Middle Eastern Studies. 43 (2): 247–258. doi:10.1080/00263200601114091
Islam
Emperor of Russia from 1894 to 1917
they were increasingly alienated by the tsar's support of Stolypin's Westernizing reforms taken early in the Revolution of 1905 and especially by the political
Nicholas_II
South Korean boy band
also influenced the group, with Forbes noting that Cortis sounded "more westernized or global than most rookie groups", while the members still identify
Cortis
Racial slur against Black people
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Nigger
1860–1917 Russian movement advocating negation and liberation
elements of the Age of Enlightenment into Russia while dropping the Westernizer approach of the previous generation. Russian nihilism developed an atmosphere
Russian_nihilist_movement
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
List_of_ethnic_slurs
1972 Indian film
some problems associated with Westernization. The film was a hit and a star-making vehicle for Aman, who played a westernized hippie, and won the Filmfare
Haré_Rama_Haré_Krishna
Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796
Equality before the law Freedom Assembly Economic Press Religion Speech Westernizers Liberal democracy Popular sovereignty Rule of law Social justice History
Catherine_the_Great
Derogatory word used for a Polish person
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Polack
Shah of Iran from 1941 to 1979
Pro-Americanism Royalism Qajar dynasty Pahlavi dynasty Secular state Westernization History Safavid conversion to Shia Islam 1953 coup d'état White Revolution
Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi
Royal chieftans, 1613–1956
2024. Abadi, Jacob (2022). Tunisia Since the Arab Conquest: The Saga of a Westernized Muslim State (Middle East Studies) (Kindle ed.). Ithaca Press.
List_of_beys_of_Tunis
Iranian political view of Western culture as toxic
Robert Wyatt. Sharqzadegi Intellectual movements in Iran Jahiliyyah Westernizer Tehran American School Hendelman-Baavur, Liora (2015). "The Odyssey of
Gharbzadegi
Scottish exonym for an English person
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Sassenach
Person who removes animal carcasses
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Knacker
Revolution in Iran from 1978 to 1979
political populism, and religious radicalism.[page needed] It resisted westernization and saw Ayatollah Khomeini as following in the footsteps of the Shi'a
Iranian_Revolution
1858–1947 Crown colonial rule in India
Chunder Bonerjee as the first president. The membership consisted of a Westernized elite, and no effort was made at this time to broaden the base.[citation
British_Raj
Mystic practices in Islam
reforms, as well as new forms of taxation, which were instituted by Westernizing national governments, undermining the economic foundations of Sufi orders
Sufism
Political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan)
Life Movement, which promoted Confucianism, and it was also against westernization. KMT leaders also opposed the May Fourth Movement. Chiang Kai-shek,
Kuomintang
Males who function socially and sexually as women in Arabia
Khanith (also spelled Khaneeth or referred to as Xanith; Arabic: خنيث, romanized: khanīth) is a term originating from the Arabian Peninsula to denote a
Khanith
Emperor of Russia from 1825 to 1855
Russian history, and the future of Russia.[citation needed] One group, the westernizers, believed that Russia remained backward and primitive and could progress
Nicholas_I_of_Russia
Leader of China since 2012
p. 223–246. Düben 2020, p. 111–128. Fenby 2019, p. 32. "Xi Rejects Westernization in Show of Faith in Self Reliance". Bloomberg News. 8 February 2023
Xi_Jinping
Capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina
were built at this time, and a large number of institutions were both Westernized and modernized. For the first time in history, Sarajevo's population
Sarajevo
Greek music genre
the notions of "westernized" and "genuine" may often be based on ideological and aesthetic grounds. Laïko interacted more westernized sounds in the late
Laïko
Russian literary critic (1811–1848)
exceptional intellectual and moral passion, the central value of most of Westernizer intelligentsia: the notion of the individual self, a person (lichnost)
Vissarion_Belinsky
Health conditions thought to be a result of increasing wealth in society
consumption of animal products and selected illnesses Urbanization Westernization Ezzati M, Vander Hoorn S, Lawes CM, Leach R, James WP, Lopez AD, Rodgers
Diseases_of_affluence
Emperor of Russia from 1855 to 1881
Equality before the law Freedom Assembly Economic Press Religion Speech Westernizers Liberal democracy Popular sovereignty Rule of law Social justice History
Alexander_II_of_Russia
Indian actress (1932–2006)
1990s, she mostly played supporting characters. Due to her image as a Westernized woman, she often played roles of Christian or Anglo-Indian ladies. Her
Nadira_(Indian_actress)
American government agency
The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) is a U.S. federal government commission created by the International Religious
United States Commission on International Religious Freedom
United_States_Commission_on_International_Religious_Freedom
Iranian nationalist and monarchist ideology
response to growing societal and intellectual criticism of Pahlavi Westernization. These adjustments emphasized Iranian cultural authenticity and contributed
Pahlavism
Sexuality in South Korea has been influenced by culture, religion, and westernization. Viewpoints in contemporary society can be viewed as a conflict between
Sexuality_in_South_Korea
Ethnic slur against people from Spanish-speaking countries
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Spic
Conjectured era without Western dominance
and Southernization respectively are sometimes applied (analogous to Westernization). Proponents often argue in favor of a post-Western era by pointing
Post-Western_era
Title of Russian monarchs from 1547 to 1721
inclined to underline their separation from Western Europe than to promote Westernization by using foreign titles. Following the expansion of his realm, the grand
Tsar_of_all_Russia
Political philosophy based on tradition
Pro-Americanism Royalism Qajar dynasty Pahlavi dynasty Secular state Westernization History Safavid conversion to Shia Islam 1953 coup d'état White Revolution
Conservatism
1863 Japanese imperial edict
was an edict issued by the Japanese Emperor Kōmei in 1863 against the Westernization of Japan following the opening of the country by Commodore Matthew Perry
Order_to_expel_barbarians
Iran under the Pahlavi dynasty from 1925 to 1979
by the late 1970s over wealth inequality, political repression, and Westernization. The unrest culminated in a revolutionary movement that sought to overthrow
Pahlavi_Iran
Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740
more than one son, one could now stay behind to run the family estate. Westernization continued after Peter the Great's reign in areas of prominent Western
Anna_of_Russia
Japanese cuisine
It was only after the Meiji Restoration in 1868 and the subsequent westernization of the country that meat began to be widely eaten. Gyūdon is considered
Gyūdon
Portable, round tent covered with skins or felt
A yurt (/jɜːrt/; from the Turkic languages) or ger (/ɡɛər/; from the Mongolic languages) is a portable, round tent covered and insulated with skins or
Yurt
Late 19th-century Korean reform
Hanja: 光武改革) was a collection of reforms that were aimed at modernizing and Westernizing the Korean Empire as it felt held back from what other countries had
Kwangmu_Reform
Ethnic slur directed at Indians and South Asians
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Pajeet
Japanese author and coup attempt leader (1925–1970)
culture, and what he felt was the Indian people's determination to resist Westernization and protect traditional ways. Mishima feared that his fellow Japanese
Yukio_Mishima
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
List of ethnic slurs and epithets by ethnicity
List_of_ethnic_slurs_and_epithets_by_ethnicity
Attraction between people of the same sex or gender
and Islamic values, but did not become fully established until the Westernization efforts of the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China. Early Russian
Homosexuality
Danish teacher in Tibetan Buddhism (1941–2026)
Diamond Way practices can best be described as a "neo-orthopraxy", a new, westernized form of traditional practices. He regrets that Nydahl's ideas are not
Ole_Nydahl
Chinese intellectual and revolutionary (1879–1942)
scholarly views, particularly those that characterized Chen primarily as a Westernizer alienated from Chinese tradition. Feigon argues that Chen's revolutionary
Chen_Duxiu
Aesthetic assessment of physical traits
Fabienne (December 2004). "Sites of attractiveness: Japanese women and westernized representations of feminine beauty". Critical Studies in Media Communication
Physical_attractiveness
Historical fashion in Persia
Traditional Persian clothing is the historical costume of the Persian people, and of ancient Persia (Iran) before the 1930s Pahlavi dynasty. Historically
Persian_clothing
Ethnic slur for someone of African ancestry
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Sambo_(racial_term)
development in the 19th century, defined initially by the opposition of Westernizers, advocating Russia's following the Western political and economical models
List_of_Russian_philosophers
Western-influenced variety of chinese language
Westernised Chinese (Chinese: 西式中文) encompasses common Chinese-language neologisms, spoken by foreign-influenced speakers or learners of Chinese, characterised
Westernised_Chinese_language
2003 film by Edward Zwick
inspired by the 1877 Satsuma Rebellion, led by Saigō Takamori, and the Westernization of Japan by foreign powers. Cruise portrays Nathan Algren, an American
The_Last_Samurai
American filmmaker (born 1946)
Tara Chong Stone (b. 1995) with his wife, Chong son Chong (Korean: 정순중, Westernized as Sun-jung Jung), to whom he has been married 1996. He credits the success
Oliver_Stone
Islamic head covering for women
of the hijab in Egypt after a long period of decline as a result of westernization. Already in the mid-1970s some college aged Muslim men and women began
Hijab
Card game
hands in order to become "president" in the following round. It is a Westernized version of Chinese climbing card games such as Zheng Shangyou, Tien Len
President_(card_game)
Indonesian Islamic women's magazine
spaces for public Islam after previously emphasizing a more secular and westernized identity. Early Islamic women's magazines established under the regime
Ummi_(magazine)
American Folklore character and metaphor
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Tar-Baby
Traditional Japanese bedding
folded into a sofa on a sofabed-futon frame A shop in France selling westernized futons with frames In the mid-1970s, futons became fashionable in North
Futon
Racial slur directed at white people
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Cracker_(term)
1973 novel by Jean Raspail
Calguès, an old man who has chosen to remain at his home, and Hamadura, a Westernized Indian who is terrified of his "filthy, brutish" countrymen and prides
The_Camp_of_the_Saints
Music style; orchestral music with elements from Greek folk rhythm and melody
Greek poets. Éntekhno arose in the late 1950s, drawing on rebetiko's Westernization by Vassilis Tsitsanis and Manolis Chiotis. Mikis Theodorakis and Manos
Éntekhno
Ethnic slur against East and Southeast Asians
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Gook
Entryway area in Japanese buildings
elevated-floor structures. It has continued to the present, even after the Westernization of the Japanese home, which began in the Meiji period (1868–1912). Engawa
Genkan
Afghan Islamist militant organization
command and control", both of which are standard today, even in non-Westernized states. The Taliban did not issue press releases or policy statements
Taliban
Turkish fighter pilot and astronaut (born 1979)
frames the pursuit of aerospace and technological dominance not as Westernization, but as a "reclamation" of the science and technology heritage of the
Alper_Gezeravcı
Term for a Canadian
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Canuck
Vacation after the wedding to celebrate recent marriage
used to everyday life together. The custom in Western culture and some westernized countries' cultures of a newlywed couple going on a holiday together
Honeymoon
Dish in Taiwanese cuisine
Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiâm-so͘-ke; also 鹽酥雞; yánsūjī; 'salty crispy chicken'), westernized as popcorn chicken, is a dish in Taiwanese cuisine commonly found as
Taiwanese_fried_chicken
Ethnic group in the United States, pejorative term referring to an Oklahoman
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Okie
Derogatory and racially offensive word
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Wog
English actress and singer
(2017–2018) as Alice Fitzwarren at Gracie Fields Theatre, Rochdale. Westernized (2018–2019) as Layla Layloo in an immersive theatre production (Death
Hannah_Hobley
Set of names by which an individual is known
the subsequent decades. In 2020, the Government of Japan reverted the Westernized name order back to the Eastern name order in official documents (e.g
Personal_name
Pejorative English abbreviation of "Japanese"
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Jap
hairstyles. One leading advocate of Westernization was the popular writer Fukuzawa Yukichi. As part of its Westernization drive, the Meiji government enthusiastically
History_of_Japan
Hindu organization
The Divine Light Mission (Divya Sandesh Parishad; DLM) was an organization founded in 1960 by guru Hans Ji Maharaj for his following in northern India
Divine_Light_Mission
Epistemological framework
Data universalism is an epistemological framework that assumes a single universal narrative of any dataset without any consideration of geographical borders
Data_universalism
Pidgin term for child, also a racial slur
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Pickaninny
Indigenous Polynesian people of Hawaii
Russo, Carla Herreria (May 31, 2018). "Land, Loss And Love: The Toll Of Westernization On Native Hawaiians". HuffPost. Archived from the original on October
Native_Hawaiians
Ethnic group of Sierra Leone
Liberated African, and Afro-Caribbean descent in West Africa. Thoroughly westernized in their manners, the Creoles as a class developed close relationships
Sierra_Leone_Creole_people
Public university in Shanghai, China
December, and Sheng became the school's first president. As a member of Westernization Movement, Sheng aimed to weaken the imperial examination while promoting
Shanghai_Jiao_Tong_University
Soviet romantic-comedy-drama film
than her husband. As their romance progresses, Rudolf, who changed his westernized name for a now-fashionable Russified Rodion, but still works as a TV
Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears
Moscow_Does_Not_Believe_in_Tears
Zulu religious leader and founder of the Nazareth Baptist Church
Oosthuizen was attacked by Bengt Sundkler and Absolom Vilakazi as being too westernized to understand Zulu culture, and claimed that the movement remained Christian
Isaiah_Shembe
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
Fatma Muge Gocek, Rise of the Bourgeoisie, Demise of Empire: Ottoman Westernization and Social Change (1996) pp 138–42 Kemal H. Karpat, "The transformation
Ottoman_Empire
Chinese liniment
Dit da jow (Jyutping: dit3 daa2 zau2; pinyin: Diē dǎ jiǔ) is a common Chinese liniment used as traditional medicine in the belief it can reduce the pain
Dit_da_jow
Japanese word for "foreigner"
Asians General Banana (westernized East Asians) Gook Sangokujin (Korean and Taiwanese) Toku-A (Chinese and Korean) Twinkie (westernized East Asians) Chinese
Gaijin
1953 film by Grigori Kozintsev
Belinsky—a Russian thinker, writer, literary critic, publicist, and Westernizer philosopher—lived a remarkable but brief life. Initially captivated by
Belinsky_(film)
Ideologies of change via capitalism and technology
having different myths and relations to technology. Further critiquing Westernization, globalization and the loss of non-Western technological thought, he
Accelerationism
1868–1869 Japanese civil war
threat of force, thus initiating rapid development of foreign trade and Westernization. In large part due to the humiliating terms of the unequal treaties
Boshin_War
Chinese dish consisting of fried pork tenders with sweet and sour sauce
Vice Media, the dish is often misunderstood to be "inauthentic, cheap, westernized" because it was developed to please western palates. Lucas Sin argues
Sweet_and_sour_pork
Indonesian LGBT rights activist
Chinese-Indonesian family in 1953 in Pasuruan, East Java. He describes his family as Westernized; his parents spoke Dutch, and Oetomo speaks Indonesian and Javanese.
Dede_Oetomo
WESTERNIZER
WESTERNIZER
WESTERNIZER
WESTERNIZER
Girl/Female
Muslim
Exalted, Respected
Boy/Male
Indian
Moon
Male
Spanish
Pet form of Spanish Manuel, MANOLITO means "God is with us."
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit
Celestial Maiden
Girl/Female
Muslim
Thankfulness, Praise
Girl/Female
Indian
Only for Limited Desire
Girl/Female
British, Christian, English, Indian, Latin
Excessively Proper; Affectedly Correct; Prim; Ancient; Diminutive of Priscilla
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Bright Lamp
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
The Primal Energy
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Surname Used as a Given Name; Boundary Hill
WESTERNIZER
WESTERNIZER
WESTERNIZER
WESTERNIZER
WESTERNIZER