Search references for TRACT 90. Phrases containing TRACT 90
See searches and references containing TRACT 90!TRACT 90
1841 theological pamphlet
Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-Nine Articles, better known as Tract 90, was a theological pamphlet written by the English theologian and churchman
Tract_90
1864 religious work by John Henry Newman
Newman published a revised version in 1865. Between the publication of Tract 90 in 1841 and his conversion to Catholicism in 1845, Newman had been accused
Apologia_Pro_Vita_Sua
English theologian and cardinal (1801–1890)
Reformation. In this, the movement had some success. After publishing his Tract 90 in 1841, Newman later wrote: "I was on my death-bed, as regards my membership
John_Henry_Newman
19th-century English religious movement
as they believed the church had become too "plain". In the final tract, "Tract 90", Newman argued that the doctrines of the Catholic Church, as defined
Oxford_Movement
Series of theological writings by the English Oxford Movement
The Tracts for the Times were a series of 90 theological publications, varying in length from a few pages to book-length, produced by members of the English
Tracts_for_the_Times
Infection that affects part of the urinary tract
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract, which includes the bladder, urethra and the kidney. Lower UTIs
Urinary_tract_infection
Pyramidal white matter motor pathway
controls the limbs and digits. The lateral tract forms about 90% of connections in the corticospinal tract; the vast majority cross over in the medulla
Corticospinal_tract
Part of the vertebral column in animals
about 90% of the axons cross to the contralateral side at the decussation of the pyramids. They then descend as the lateral corticospinal tract. These
Spinal_cord
Structure of the respiratory system
The respiratory tract is the subdivision of the respiratory system involved with the process of conducting air to the alveoli for the purposes of gas
Respiratory_tract
Anglicanism that emphasises its Catholic heritage
being consistent with the Thirty-nine Articles, for example in Newman's Tract 90 of 1841. Since the late 20th century, Anglo-Catholic thought related to
Anglo-Catholicism
English theologian and mathematician
he still belonged. In 1841 he urged the publication of the celebrated Tract 90, and wrote in defence of it. From that period Ward and his associates worked
William_George_Ward
Anglican doctrinal statement
(1841). Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-nine Articles. Tract No 90 of Tracts for the Times. J.G.F. & J. Rivington. p. 1. O'Donovan, Oliver (2011)
Thirty-nine_Articles
Species of bacterium
associated with infections of the urinary tract, especially in complicated or catheter-associated urinary tract infections. An alkaline urine sample is
Proteus_mirabilis
Study and analysis of groups of sedimentary deposits
systems tracts evolved to link the contemporaneous depositional systems. Systems tracts form subdivision in a sequence. Different kinds of systems tracts are
Sequence_stratigraphy
Infection of the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose
Upper respiratory tract infection
Upper_respiratory_tract_infection
has 90 tent and trailer sites, a picnic area with tables and fireplaces, flush toilets, a trailer dump station, and a recycling center. Browns Tract Pond
Brown_Tract_Pond_Campground
Catholic liturgical chant
the tract during the Mass of the First Sunday of Lent or Quadragesima Sunday in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church. This tract, drawn from Psalm 90 (91
Qui_habitat
English historian, novelist and biographer (1818–1894)
favourable impression of Newman, however, defending him in the controversy over Tract 90 and later in his essay "The Oxford Counter-Reformation" (1881). Froude
James_Anthony_Froude
Area of land in Ontario, Canada
44°48′N 82°24′W / 44.8°N 82.4°W / 44.8; -82.4The Huron Tract Purchase also known as the Huron Block, registered as Crown Treaty Number 29, is a large
Huron_Tract
Two books articulating Anglican doctrine
the order for reading them until they can be updated. Anglican doctrine Tract 90 Postil Bray, Gerald (2016-01-28). The Books of Homilies: A Critical Edition
The_Books_of_Homilies
Newman's relation to the Anglican church was at its acutest phase (see Tract 90). He retained his fellowship till his death, sixty years afterwards. He
Drummond_Percy_Chase
Non-profit organization of Jehovah's Witnesses
The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania is a non-stock, not-for-profit organization headquartered in Warwick, New York. It is the main
Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
Watch_Tower_Bible_and_Tract_Society_of_Pennsylvania
Canyon in Kazakhstan
the Temirlik tract Nightingale Canyon for the songs of nightingales that can be heard in the area. Marikovskiy assumed that in the tract lived people
Charyn_Canyon
Organ system which creates, stores, and transports bile
The biliary tract (also biliary tree or biliary system) refers to the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, and how they work together to make, store and
Biliary_tract
English Anglican priest and ecclesiastical historian (1815–1881)
During the long controversy that followed the publication in 1841 of Tract 90 and ended in the withdrawal of John Henry Newman from the Church of England
Arthur_Penrhyn_Stanley
Emphasis on the rituals and liturgical ceremony of the church
Common Prayer, viewing its use as a matter of absolute obligation. Even Tract 90, which analysed the 39 Articles, was more concerned with the theological
Ritualism in the Church of England
Ritualism_in_the_Church_of_England
Archbishop of Canterbury from 1896 to 1902
The Tractarian Movement had begun five years earlier, but the memorable Tract 90 had not yet been written. In the intellectual and religious excitement
Frederick_Temple
American Episcopal priest and author (1838–1909)
he published Tract 91: The Articles of Religion from an American Point of View. Its title was a reference to John Henry Newman's Tract 90, which had also
William_Reed_Huntington
Region in southeastern Bangladesh
The Chittagong Hill Tracts (Bengali: পার্বত্য চট্টগ্রাম, romanised: Pārbôtyô Côṭṭôgrām), often shortened to simply the Hill Tracts and abbreviated to CHT
Chittagong_Hill_Tracts
British academic (1798–1871)
on the interpretation of the Thirty-nine Articles, advocated in Tract 90 of the Tracts for the Times, in 1841. In 1842 he preached a sermon before the
Richard_William_Jelf
English Roman Catholic priest (1793-1879)
Newman; Gerard Tracey (1999). The Letters and Diaries of John Henry Newman: Tract 90 and the Jerusalem Bishopric, January 1841-April 1842. Clarendon Press.
Thomas_Doyle_(priest)
Ethnic groups in Bangladesh
The Chittagong Hill Tracts is a region consisting three hilly districts of the south-eastern part of Bangladesh – Khagrachari, Bandarban, and Rangamati
Ethnic groups in the Chittagong Hill Tracts
Ethnic_groups_in_the_Chittagong_Hill_Tracts
called, "Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-Nine Articles," or Tract 90. Newman's argument centred on the idea that the identity of the Church
William_Gowan_Todd
English academic (1789–1882)
February 1841, the heads of houses proposed a sentence of condemnation on the Tract 90, to become notorious, Hawkins was commissioned to draw up the document;
Edward_Hawkins
Archbishop of Canterbury from 1868 to 1882
sympathised with the principles of the Oxford Movement and, on the appearance of Tract 90 in 1841, he drafted the famous protest of the "Four Tutors" against it;
Archibald_Campbell_Tait
Element of certain Christian churches
of the Tractarians, members of the Oxford Movement, it was restored. In Tract 90, John Henry Newman argued for a permissive interpretation of Article XXVIII
Reserved_sacrament
English cleric and writer (1815–1890)
Newman in this period and allied to the Tractarian movement. In 1841, Tract 90 of Tracts for the Times appeared and Church resigned his tutorship. From 1844
Richard_William_Church
English churchman
inst., in which he argued the unreasonableness of the proposal to condemn Tract 90 a second time, four years after its first appearance. He wrote also An
Robert_Hussey
Sensory spinal pathway
the cuneate tract, and information from the lower body is received at the lumbar level and carried in the gracile tract. The gracile tract is medial to
Dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway
Dorsal_column–medial_lemniscus_pathway
Mrs Gore's novel Cecil, or Adventures of a Coxcomb. John Henry Newman's Tract 90 (Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-Nine Articles, dated 25 January)
1841_in_the_United_Kingdom
Antibacterial drug
medication of the nitrofuran class. It is used primarily to treat lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) but it is also used in bladder infections. It is not indicated
Nitrofurantoin
Hemorrhagic fever caused by ebolaviruses
occurs, it is usually in the gastrointestinal tract. The incidence of bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract was reported to be ~58% in the 2001 outbreak
Ebola
American businessman (born 1964)
Blue Origin maintained a low profile until 2006 when it purchased a large tract of land in West Texas for a launch and test facility. After the company
Jeff_Bezos
Locomotive class
of Hamburg, Emden and Bremen. These locomotives were classified as V 90 901 to V 90 903 (later as DB Class 291 901 onwards). In 1972 the locomotives were
DB_Class_V_90
American Redemptorist priest (1820–1897)
condition that he might interpret the Thirty-nine Articles in the sense of Tract 90. He traveled south for his health where he ministered to slaves on a large
Augustine_Francis_Hewit
Part of the female reproductive tract
vaginae) is the elastic, muscular reproductive organ of the female genital tract through which mammals copulate and give birth. In humans, it extends from
Vagina
Geographic region defined for the purpose of taking a census
A census tract, census area, census district, or meshblock is a geographic region defined for the purpose of taking a census. Sometimes these coincide
Census_tract
Human male external reproductive organ
pelvic floor muscles. The urethra, which is the last part of the urinary tract, traverses the corpus spongiosum (spongy urethra) and opens through the
Human_penis
Part of the nervous system
The rubro-olivary tract (rubroolivary fibers) is a tract which connects the inferior olivary nucleus, and the parvocellular red nucleus. It is hypothesized
Rubro-olivary_tract
Penetrative sexual activity for reproduction or sexual pleasure
copulation, and sperm may be introduced into the female's reproductive tract in non-vaginal ways among the animals, such as by cloacal copulation. For
Sexual_intercourse
Life-threatening response to infection
Common locations for the primary infection include the lungs, brain, urinary tract, skin, and abdominal organs. Risk factors include being very young or old
Sepsis
English Anglican bishop (1778–1869)
baptismal regeneration; on the other hand, he denounced the equally famous Tract 90 in his episcopal charge of 1843. Phillpotts was generous in his gifts to
Henry_Phillpotts
Sexual activity involving the anus and rectum
condom or without changing it, infections can arise in the vagina or urinary tract due to bacteria present within the anus; these infections can also result
Anal_sex
White matter structures within the brainstem's medulla oblongata
lateral corticospinal tract while the fibers that did not decussate will travel down the anterior corticospinal tract. Nearly 90 percent of the fibers
Medullary pyramids (brainstem)
Medullary_pyramids_(brainstem)
English high church Anglican cleric, royal chaplain and theological writer
Vindication of the Authors of the Tracts for the Times, principally defending John Henry Newman against attacks made on his Tract 90. On 24 July 1838, when preaching
Arthur_Philip_Perceval
Ongoing conflict since 2014
Ukrainian respondents were most positive towards Lithuania (91%), Latvia (90.5%), the UK (90%), Germany (89%), Estonia (89%), Canada (88%) and the US (87%). Gallup
Russo-Ukrainian_war
Cancer of the skin, integumentary lymph nodes, or other organs
elsewhere is common, especially the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract. Growth can range from very slow to explosively fast and is associated
Kaposi's_sarcoma
Ranking of U.S. cities
neighborhoods of Pittsburgh (41,120), plus an additional 2,301 in Census Tract 4270 Blocks 2 & 3, which are the sections of Millvale, Pennsylvania that
List of United States cities by population
List_of_United_States_cities_by_population
Philosophy articles by John Locke
Government published in 1689/90. The two works, however, have very different positions. Unlike the Treatises, the Tracts support authoritarian policies
Two_Tracts_on_Government
President of the United States from 1961 to 1963
discomfort, and weight loss; penicillin and other antibiotics for his urinary-tract infections and an abscess; and Tuinal to help him sleep. Kennedy was single
John_F._Kennedy
Beta-lactam antibiotic
infections, including those of the middle ear, bone and joint, skin, and urinary tract. It may also be used for certain types of pneumonia and strep throat and
Cefalexin
The Irish Astronomical Tract is an Irish text that was created in the first half of the 14th century. It was written in Early Modern Irish and is based
Irish_Astronomical_Tract
Abnormal formation of clumps of inflammatory cells (granulomata)
of cases include pulmonary arterial hypertension. The upper respiratory tract (including the larynx, pharynx, and sinuses) may be affected, which occurs
Sarcoidosis
Country in East Asia
excludes Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. It also excludes the Trans-Karakoram Tract (5,180 km2 (2,000 sq mi)), Aksai Chin (38,000 km2 (15,000 sq mi)) and other
China
1986 nuclear accident in the Soviet Union
areas of skin, and due to bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract. In the 10 years following the accident, 14 more people who had been initially
Chernobyl_disaster
Cancer of the bile ducts
fever. Light colored stool or dark urine may also occur. Other biliary tract cancers include gallbladder cancer and cancer of the ampulla of Vater. Risk
Cholangiocarcinoma
Medical intervention
fistula-in-ano; the ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007 Mar;90(3):581–6.] [Matos D, Lunniss PJ, Phillips RKS (1993) Total
LIFT_technique
Namwan Assigned Tract, also known as Meng-Mao Triangular Area, is a 220 km2 (85 sq mi) area situated at the junction of the Shweli River and Namwan River
Namwan_Assigned_Tract
Species of wooly domesticated mammal
and also helps to keep the condition of the female llama's reproductive tract more sound. If the mating is unsuccessful within two to three weeks, the
Llama
1709 Whig tract
Vox Populi, Vox Dei is a Whig tract of 1709, titled after a Latin phrase meaning "the voice of the people is the voice of God". It was expanded in 1710
Vox_Populi,_Vox_Dei
Union, the United States, North Vietnam, and Israel. DIANE Publishing. pp. 90–91. ISBN 978-1-4289-8208-6. Retrieved 27 December 2015. Blancas, Emma (26
List_of_ethnic_slurs
Human disease
papillomatosis, in which warts form on the larynx or other areas of the respiratory tract. These warts can recur frequently, may interfere with breathing, and in
Human papillomavirus infection
Human_papillomavirus_infection
Erectile female sexual organ
The area near the entrance of the vagina (the lower third) contains nearly 90 percent of the vaginal nerve endings, and there are areas in the anterior
Clitoris
Biological kingdom
spiral cleavage. Animals from both groups possess a complete digestive tract, but in protostomes the first opening of the embryonic gut develops into
Animal
Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2
A streptococcus infections be influenced by viruses in the respiratory tract?". The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 23 (2): 142–144. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00865-9
COVID-19_pandemic
Medical imaging procedure
gastrointestinal tract. It also allows for characterization and biopsy of any focal lesions found in the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as esophageal
Endoscopic_ultrasound
English polymath (1642–1727)
published among Newton's mathematical papers. Newton recorded a definitive tract of calculus in what is called his "Waste Book". He was self-taught in mathematics
Isaac_Newton
Small domesticated carnivorous mammal
of early neutering were metabolic, retarded physeal closure, and urinary tract disease related. About 250 heritable genetic disorders have been identified
Cat
Microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in the Earth's atmosphere
ranged from 1.5% in Bangladesh to 70.6% in Nigeria, where lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) in childhood were the largest PM2.5-related cause of mortality
Particulate_matter
Domesticated species of canid
upper respiratory tract diseases, including diseases that affect the nasal cavity, the larynx, and the trachea; lower respiratory tract diseases, which
Dog
Type of inflammatory bowel disease
bowel disease (IBD) that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms often include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, abdominal distension
Crohn's_disease
Central nervous system stimulant
of bladder control. The effects of amphetamine on the gastrointestinal tract are unpredictable. If intestinal activity is high, amphetamine may reduce
Amphetamine
External genitalia of the female mammal
the female genitalia leading into the interior of the female reproductive tract. For humans, it includes the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris
Vulva
U.S. state
Census Bureau reported California's population as 6% Hispanic, 2.4% Asian, and 90% non-Hispanic white. To meet the population's needs, engineering feats like
California
Chronic disease of the liver, characterized by fibrosis
cirrhosis. Imaging of the bile ducts, such as ERCP or MRCP (MRI of biliary tract and pancreas) may aid in the diagnosis. The best predictors of cirrhosis
Cirrhosis
British academic (1806–1885)
Henry Newman's Tract 90, despite his dislike of controversy. He later explained that he disliked the anonymous basis on which the tract had been published
John_Griffiths_(academic)
Restorationist Christian denomination
Russell in the nineteenth century. Russell co-founded Zion's Watch Tower Tract Society in 1881 to organize and print the movement's publications. A leadership
Jehovah's_Witnesses
Branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders
The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract, sometimes referred to as the GI tract, which includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine
Gastroenterology
Infection caused by Bacillus anthracis bacteria
headache develop in around one-third or more of people. Upper respiratory tract symptoms occur in only a quarter of people, and muscle pains are rare. Altered
Anthrax
German Nazi leader of the SS (1900–1945)
diary, were dominated by antisemitic pamphlets, German myths, and occult tracts. After the murder of Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau on 24 June, Himmler's
Heinrich_Himmler
Areas in the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India
The Dune Free Tract, also known as the Balu Mukt Maidan, refers to specific areas in the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India, that are characterized by the
Dune Free Tract of Thar Desert
Dune_Free_Tract_of_Thar_Desert
ISBN 978-90-04-31528-0. Lavan, Luke; Mulryan, Michael, eds. (2011). The Archaeology of Late Antique 'Paganism'. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-19237-9
History_of_Christianity
Italian polymath (1452–1519)
pp. 81–82. Major, Richard Henry (1866). Archaeologia: Or Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Antiquity, Volume 40, Part 1. London: The Society. pp. 15–16
Leonardo_da_Vinci
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
types of infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, typhoid fever, and urinary tract infections, among others. For some infections
Ciprofloxacin
Removal of the human foreskin
reasons. It may be medically necessary in cases of phimosis, chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs), and other pathologies of the penis that do not resolve
Circumcision
Human settlement in Los Angeles, California, United States of America
included 400 members. The project was initially called the Mutual Housing Tract, before changing to Crestwood Hills. It was intended as a multi-ethnic project
Crestwood_Hills,_Los_Angeles
Metropolitan Statistical Area in the US
Tract within 100 miles of Zip Code 02176". Usa.com. Retrieved January 4, 2015. "Italian as First Ancestry Population Percentage Rank of Census Tract within
Greater_Boston
Disease of the anus
for fistula-in-ano; the ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract". J Med Assoc Thai. 90 (3): 581–6. PMID 17427539. van Onkelen, RS; Gosselink, MP; Schouten
Anal_fistula
Form of song
Ordinary Time Example of antiphonal psalmody in Gregorian chant De profundis, tract for the Requiem Mass Example of responsorial psalmody in Gregorian chant
Gregorian_chant
Satanic and left-hand path occultist group
advocate the re-establishment of pre-Christian religions, with one ONA tract stating that "all past gods of the various Western Traditions are rendered
Order_of_Nine_Angles
TRACT 90
TRACT 90
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, English, French
Fighter; Brave
Surname or Lastname
English
English : perhaps a variant of Treece.
Male
English
Short form of English unisex Tracy, TRACE means "place of Thracius."
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon American Latin Greek English French
Brave.
Female
English
Feminine variant spelling of English unisex Tracy, TRACEE means "place of Thracius."
Girl/Female
Greek American French
Reaper; from Therasia.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Sign; Mark; Trace
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, English, French, German, Greek, Irish, Latin
Fighter; Brave; Warlike
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Irish, Latin
Warrior; Summer; Warlike; Fighter; Place of Thracius; Harvester
Girl/Female
English American
from Thracia.
Boy/Male
English American
Keeper of provisions. Famous Bearer: actor Spencer Tracy.
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : unexplained.Irish (County Kerry) : reduced form of Tramant, which MacLysaght describes as ‘a family of pre-Norman origin’.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, English, Greek, Latin
Warrior; Summer; Harvest; Courageous; Brave; Place of Thracius
Female
English
Feminine variant spelling of English unisex Tracy, TRACIE means "place of Thracius."
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Fighter
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Tracy, TRACEY means "place of Thracius."
Girl/Female
Australian, Welsh
White Footprint; Track of the Holy
Female
English
Feminine variant spelling of English unisex Tracy, TRACI means "place of Thracius."
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon American English French
Brave.
Male
English
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, from a Norman baronial name TRACY means "place of Thracius."
TRACT 90
TRACT 90
Girl/Female
Hindu
Fragrance of the lotus
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Trustworthy
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English, Hebrew
God has Answered; God is Gracious; Modern Name Based on Jane or Jean; Based on Janai
Girl/Female
Hindu
Smiling, Always smiling
Boy/Male
Australian, French, Irish
Lord of the Castle
Girl/Female
Hawaiian
Wildflower.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Beasley.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Name of a Sculptor of Olden Days
Female
English
English name derived from the name of the bird of prey, from Old French cresserelle, a derivative of cressele, KESTREL means "rattle," in reference to the sound of the bird's cry.
Girl/Female
Australian, Finnish, French, German, Swedish
Noble Hero
TRACT 90
TRACT 90
TRACT 90
TRACT 90
TRACT 90
v.
A distinguishing or marked feature; a peculiarity; as, a trait of character.
v. t.
Hence, to follow the trace or track of.
n.
A treatise; a tract.
v.
Continued or protracted duration; length; extent.
v. t.
To follow the tracks or traces of; to pursue by following the marks of the feet; to trace; to trail; as, to track a deer in the snow.
v. t.
A mark left by anything passing; a track; a path; a course; a footprint; a vestige; as, the trace of a carriage or sled; the trace of a deer; a sinuous trace.
v.
Verses of Scripture sung at Mass, instead of the Alleluia, from Septuagesima Sunday till the Saturday befor Easter; -- so called because sung tractim, or without a break, by one voice, instead of by many as in the antiphons.
n.
Course; way; as, the track of a comet.
v. t.
To trace out; to track; also, to draw out; to protact.
n.
A mark or impression left by the foot, either of man or beast; trace; vestige; footprint.
n.
A tract or area, as of land.
n.
A mark left by something that has passed along; as, the track, or wake, of a ship; the track of a meteor; the track of a sled or a wheel.
n.
A long narrow tract of land projecting from the main body, or a narrow tract connecting two larger tracts.
v.
Continuity or extension of anything; as, the tract of speech.
v.
Track; trace.
v. t.
To smell; to scent; hence, to track, or trace out.
v.
A region or quantity of land or water, of indefinite extent; an area; as, an unexplored tract of sea.
v. t.
To mark out; to draw or delineate with marks; especially, to copy, as a drawing or engraving, by following the lines and marking them on a sheet superimposed, through which they appear; as, to trace a figure or an outline; a traced drawing.
v. t.
To trace by scent; to track; -- a hunting term.
n.
A tract of barren land.