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Geological process at tectonic plate boundaries
Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at the convergent
Subduction
Tectonic boundary in North America
45°N 124°W / 45°N 124°W / 45; -124 The Cascadia subduction zone is a 620-mile (1,000 km) long convergent plate boundary, about 70–100 miles (110–160
Cascadia_subduction_zone
Tectonic belt of earthquakes and volcanoes
Ring of Fire is not a single geological structure. It was created by the subduction of different tectonic plates at convergent boundaries around the Pacific
Ring_of_Fire
Movement of Earth's lithosphere
ridges to greater than 100 km (62 mi) at subduction zones. For shorter or longer distances, the subduction zone, and therefore also the mean, thickness
Plate_tectonics
The subduction tectonics of the Philippines is the control of geology over the Philippine archipelago. The Philippine region is seismically active and
Subduction tectonics of the Philippines
Subduction_tectonics_of_the_Philippines
Region of active deformation between colliding tectonic plates
plate eventually slides beneath the other, a process known as subduction. The subduction zone can be defined by a plane where many earthquakes occur, called
Convergent_boundary
Chain of volcanoes formed above a subducting plate
plate. The magma ascends to form an arc of volcanoes parallel to the subduction zone. Volcanic arcs are distinct from volcanic chains formed over hotspots
Volcanic_arc
Tectonic erosion or subduction erosion is the loss of crust from an overriding tectonic plate due to subduction. Two types of tectonic erosion exist:
Subduction_erosion
Convergent plate boundary along the eastern margin of the Lesser Antilles island arc
Antilles subduction zone is a convergent plate boundary on the seafloor along the eastern margin of the Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc. In this subduction zone
Lesser Antilles subduction zone
Lesser_Antilles_subduction_zone
called subduction switch, the flipping of subduction polarity or subduction polarity reversal. Examples of subduction systems with subduction polarity
Subduction_polarity_reversal
Types of plate boundaries
collision boundaries. Subduction zones occur where an oceanic plate meets a continental plate and is pushed underneath it. Subduction zones are marked by
List of tectonic plate interactions
List_of_tectonic_plate_interactions
Type of earthquake at convergent plate boundaries
extremely large thrust fault, typically formed at the plate interface along a subduction zone, such as the Sunda megathrust. However, the term is also occasionally
Megathrust_earthquake
Long narrow depression bordering the Aegean Sea to the south
HT is an oceanic trench containing the Hellenic subduction zone, directly related to the subduction of the African plate under the Eurasian plate. Alternate
Hellenic_Trench
Ancient oceanic plate that has mostly subducted under the North American plate
elsewhere are called terranes (sometimes, "exotic" terranes). During the subduction of the Farallon plate, it accreted these island arcs and terranes to the
Farallon_plate
Period of mountain building in North America
hypotheses propose that oceanic crust was undergoing flat-slab subduction, that is, subduction at a shallow angle. As a consequence, no magmatism occurred
Laramide_orogeny
Convergent boundary between the African and Aegean Sea plates
The Hellenic subduction zone (HSZ) is the convergent boundary between the African plate and the Aegean Sea plate, where oceanic crust of the African continent
Hellenic_subduction_zone
Subduction zone under South Pacific Ocean
The Vanuatu subduction zone (previously called New Hebrides subduction zone) is currently one of the most active subduction zones on Earth, producing
Vanuatu_subduction_zone
First period of the Cenozoic Era
north from the African plate, led to the development of several short subduction zones, rather than one long system. In the western Mediterranean, the
Paleogene
Mountain range in South America
processes extending during the Mesozoic and Tertiary eras, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American Plate as the Nazca Plate and
Andes
Subduction characterized by a low subduction angle
subduction is characterized by a low subduction angle (<30 degrees to horizontal) beyond the seismogenic layer and a resumption of normal subduction far
Flat_slab_subduction
Active volcanic belt that covers central-southern Mexico
an area of approximately 160,000 km2. Over several million years, the subduction of the Rivera and Cocos plates beneath the North American plate along
Trans-Mexican_Volcanic_Belt
Megathrust earthquake in the Pacific Northwest region
The 1700 Cascadia earthquake occurred along the Cascadia subduction zone on January 26, 1700, with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.7–9.2. The megathrust
1700_Cascadia_earthquake
formed by the arc-continent collisions, continent–continent collisions and subduction–accretion due to convergence between the Asian, India–Australia, and Philippine
Geological_history_of_Borneo
Geologic eon, 2500–539 million years ago
period of increasing crustal recycling, suggesting subduction. Evidence for this increased subduction activity comes from the abundance of old granites
Proterozoic
Formation of mountains from converging tectonic plates
Continental collision is a variation on the fundamental process of subduction, whereby the subduction zone is destroyed, mountains produced, and two continents
Continental_collision
Submarine features associated with island arcs and subduction zones
back-arc basins are submarine features associated with island arcs and subduction zones, with many found in the western Pacific Ocean. Most of them result
Back-arc_basin
Hypothetical future supercontinent
scenario, subduction at the western Atlantic, east of the Americas, leads to the subduction of the Atlantic mid-ocean ridge, followed by subduction destroying
Pangaea_Proxima
Convergent plate boundary that stretches from the North Island of New Zealand northward
The Tonga–Kermadec subduction zone (also known as Kermadec–Tonga or Tonga–Kermadec-Hikurangi subduction zone) is a convergent plate boundary that stretches
Tonga–Kermadec subduction zone
Tonga–Kermadec_subduction_zone
Tectonic process
Oblique subduction is a form of subduction (i.e. a tectonic process involving the convergence of two plates where the denser plate descends into Earth's
Oblique_subduction
Oceanic tectonic plate in the eastern Pacific Ocean basin
Pacific Ocean basin off the west coast of South America. The ongoing subduction, along the Peru–Chile Trench, of the Nazca plate under the South American
Nazca_plate
Geological process by which material is added to a tectonic plate at a subduction zone
accretion is a process by which material is added to a tectonic plate at a subduction zone, frequently on the edge of existing continental landmasses. The added
Accretion_(geology)
Type of plate tectonic process
double subduction, also called outward dipping double-sided subduction, is a special type of subduction process in which two parallel subduction zones
Divergent_double_subduction
Submarine oceanic ridge in the Pacific Ocean
low velocity of magma flow rate below the separating Chile ridge. The subduction generates a special type of igneous rocks, represented by the Taitao ophiolites
Chile_Ridge
of ocean-continent collision resulting in subduction. The peninsula has experienced continuous subduction for over 200 million years, but changes in
Geology of the Antarctic Peninsula
Geology_of_the_Antarctic_Peninsula
Planar zone of seismicity corresponding with the down-going slab
planar zone of seismicity corresponding with the down-going slab in a subduction zone. Differential motion along the zone produces numerous earthquakes
Wadati–Benioff_zone
Geological process at tectonic plate boundaries
denser oceanic crust sinks under the continental crust in the process of subduction. Obduction, which is less common, normally occurs in plate collisions
Obduction
Subduction zone under the western Pacific Ocean
The New Britain subduction zone is one of the most recently formed and most active subduction zones on Earth, producing great earthquakes (magnitude 8
New_Britain_subduction_zone
Volcanic belt in South America
Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It is formed as a result of subduction of the Nazca plate and Antarctic plate underneath the South American plate
Andean_Volcanic_Belt
place along convergent plate boundaries, particularly at subduction zones. Examples of subduction zones include the Sumatra and Java trenches, Nankai Trough
List of megathrust earthquakes
List_of_megathrust_earthquakes
Type of conical volcano composed of layers of lava and tephra
as far back as Archean times. Stratovolcanoes are typically found in subduction zones but they also occur in other geological settings. Two examples of
Stratovolcano
Formation of mountain ranges
convergent margins of continents. The convergence may take the form of subduction (where a continent rides forcefully over an oceanic plate to form a noncollisional
Orogeny
Changes of rock due to pressure and heat near a subduction zone
A subduction zone is a region of the Earth's crust where one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate; oceanic crust gets recycled back into the
Subduction_zone_metamorphism
Convergence boundary between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate
The Aleutian subduction zone is a 2,500 mi (4,000 km) long convergent boundary between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate, that extends from
Aleutian_subduction_zone
Oceanic trench part of the Pacific Ring of Fire off northeast Japan
American plate). The subduction process causes bending of the down going plate, creating a deep trench. Continuing movement on the subduction zone associated
Japan_Trench
Fifth period of the Paleozoic Era
above a south-dipping subduction zone lay along the northern North China margin, consuming the Paleoasian Ocean. Northward subduction of the Paleo-Tethys
Carboniferous
Possible existence and nature of subduction in the Archean
Archean subduction is a contentious topic involving the possible existence and nature of subduction in the Archean, a geologic eon extending from 4.0–2
Archean_subduction
First geological period of the Paleozoic Era
from the Neoproterozoic in response to the oblique subduction of the Iapetus Ocean. This subduction extended west along the Gondwanan margin and by c.
Cambrian
Uplifted and exposed oceanic crust
document the existence of former ocean basins that have now been consumed by subduction. This insight was one of the founding pillars of plate tectonics, and
Ophiolite
Mountain building event in North America
orogenesis an "Andean type" continental magmatic arc developed due to subduction of the Farallon oceanic plate beneath the North American Plate. The latter
Nevadan_orogeny
Country in Southeast Europe and West Asia
zone and Bitlis–Zagros collision zone to the east; Hellenic and Cyprus subduction zones to the south; and Aegean extensional zone to the west. After 1999
Turkey
Seismological phenomenon observed in some subduction zones
tremor and slip (ETS) is a seismological phenomenon observed in some subduction zones that is characterized by non-earthquake seismic rumbling, or tremor
Episodic_tremor_and_slip
Zone affected by mountain formation
and then exhumed along the same subduction channel. (example: the Himalayas) Orogenic belts are associated with subduction zones, which consume crust, thicken
Orogenic_belt
Mountain chain located on the southern margin of the Aegean Sea plate
plate. Geologically it results from the subduction of the African plate under it along the Hellenic subduction zone. The Hellenic Trench trends parallel
Hellenic_arc
Prehistoric superocean that surrounded Pangaea
ocean floor has now completely disappeared because of the continuous subduction along the continental margins on its circumference. Panthalassa is also
Panthalassa
Continental crustal block in China, Inner Mongolia, the Yellow Sea, and North Korea
scientists. Subduction Model This model explained subduction as the main cause of the craton destruction. It is a very popular model. Subduction of oceanic
North_China_Craton
Island country in the Pacific Ocean
crust beside the Alpine Fault. Elsewhere, the plate boundary involves the subduction of one plate under the other, producing the Puysegur Trench to the south
New_Zealand
Long and narrow depressions of the sea floor
Antilles subduction zone. Also not a trench is the New Caledonia trough, which is an extensional sedimentary basin related to the Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone
Oceanic_trench
Small tectonic plate west of the Mariana Trench
Pacific plate to the east is a subduction zone with the Pacific plate subducting beneath the Mariana. This eastern subduction is divided into the Mariana
Mariana_plate
complex interaction between several tectonic plates, involving multiple subduction zones and one large zone of strike-slip, all of which are associated with
List of earthquakes in the Philippines
List_of_earthquakes_in_the_Philippines
Volcanic arc that forms the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Plate
boundary of the Caribbean Plate. It is part of a subduction zone, also known as the Lesser Antilles subduction zone, where the oceanic crust of the North American
Lesser_Antilles_Volcanic_Arc
Chain of stratovolcanoes in western North America
well over 700 miles (1,100 km). The arc formed due to subduction along the Cascadia subduction zone. Although taking its name from the Cascade Range,
Cascade_Volcanoes
Geologic feature below some oceans
ridges going towards subduction zones can impact the process of subduction, causing a phenomenon known as flat slab subduction. Walvis Ridge Eighty Five
Aseismic_ridge
Chain of volcanoes parallel to the Pacific coastline from Mexico to Panama
which has a length of 1,100 kilometers (680 mi) is formed by an active subduction zone, with the Cocos plate subducting underneath the Caribbean plate,
Central_America_Volcanic_Arc
Cascade volcanoes, i.e. volcanoes formed as a result of subduction along the Cascadia subduction zone in the Pacific Northwest of North America. The volcanoes
List_of_Cascade_volcanoes
Island region in North Atlantic and Caribbean
ca. 56 million years ago in the late Paleocene. This collision caused subduction and volcanism in the Proto-Antillean area and likely resulted in continental
West_Indies
Discontinuous earthquake-like event
kilometers depending on the subduction zone, and at shallower depths at strike-slip faults in California. At "warm" subduction zones like the west coast
Slow_earthquake
Country in South America
the country is divided into a mountainous western area affected by the subduction processes in the Pacific and an eastern lowlands of stable platforms and
Bolivia
Third era of the Archean Eon
million years ago, which contains the first evidence of modern-style plate subduction and expansion of microbial life. The era is defined chronometrically and
Mesoarchean
Earthquake with a hypocenter depth exceeding 300 km
oceanic lithosphere. They occur along a dipping tabular zone beneath the subduction zone known as the Wadati–Benioff zone. Preliminary evidence for the existence
Deep-focus_earthquake
Major mountain range in western North America
plates began sliding underneath the North American plate. The angle of subduction was shallow, resulting in a broad belt of mountains running down western
Rocky_Mountains
Highly viscous, ductile, and mechanically weak region of Earth's mantle
of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and of some magmas that erupt above subduction zones or in regions of continental rifting. The asthenosphere is a part
Asthenosphere
Convergent boundary in Micronesia
Deep in the Mariana Trench. The IBM arc system formed as a result of subduction of the western Pacific plate. The IBM arc system now subducts mid-Jurassic
Izu–Bonin–Mariana_arc
Pseudoscientific attempt to reconcile geology with the Genesis flood narrative
Baumgardner proposed a model of mantle convection that allows for runaway subduction, and Humphrey associated mantle convection with rapid magnetic reversals
Flood_geology
Talc-bearing metamorphic rock
produced by dynamothermal metamorphism and metasomatism, which occur in subduction zones, changing rocks by heat and pressure, with influx of fluids but
Soapstone
Geologic feature in California, United States
Mendocino triple junction, where three tectonic plates meet. The Cascadia subduction zone intersects the San Andreas fault at the Mendocino triple junction
San_Andreas_Fault
Outermost shell of a terrestrial-type planet or natural satellite
gravitational instability of mature oceanic lithosphere has the effect that at subduction zones, oceanic lithosphere invariably sinks underneath the overriding
Lithosphere
Tectonic boundary
plate, comprising most of the Philippine archipelago. It includes two subduction zones, the Manila Trench to the west and the Philippine Trench to the
Philippine_Mobile_Belt
Oceanic trench in the southern Pacific Ocean
(29,990 ft). The New Britain subduction zone is a continuum with the Vanuatu subduction zone and are all cases of subduction polarity reversal as originally
New_Britain_Trench
Minor oceanic tectonic plate north of New Guinea
Equator in the Eastern Hemisphere located north of New Guinea. It forms a subduction zone along the border with the Bird's Head plate and other minor plates
Caroline_plate
City in Washington, United States
neither it nor the Cascadia subduction zone has caused an earthquake since the city's founding. The Cascadia subduction zone poses the threat of an earthquake
Seattle
Subduction trench in the Sumatra-Andaman subduction zone in the eastern Indian Ocean
of the Sunda Trench or Java Trench. The Sunda subduction zone (called also: the Sumatra-Andaman subduction zone) is located in the east part of Indian Ocean
Sumatra_Trench
Arm of the Atlantic Ocean
current activity of the subduction is unclear, with some advocating ongoing active subduction. Others suggest that subduction is inactive and that a new
Gulf_of_Cádiz
Subduction zone off the east coast of New Zealand's North Island
the Hikurangi Subduction Zone) is New Zealand's largest subduction zone and fault. The Hikurangi Subduction Zone is an active subduction zone extending
Hikurangi_Margin
Sudden movement of the Earth's crust
earthquakes in Alaska (1957), Chile (1960), and Sumatra (2004), all in subduction zones. The longest earthquake ruptures on strike-slip faults, like the
Earthquake
Small tectonic plate south of the South American plate
the subduction zone on its eastern margin. The South Sandwich Islands are located on this microplate. The initiation of the South Sandwich subduction zone
South_Sandwich_plate
Type of volcanic arc occurring along a continental margin
and the other oceanic crust along the line of plate convergence, and a subduction zone develops. The magmatism and petrogenesis of continental crust are
Continental_arc
Undersea mountain range in the Caribbean Sea
Trough was the site of a subduction zone during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs. As the dynamics of the area changed, the subduction zone became a transform
Cayman_Ridge
Tectonic event from the Late Devonian into the Mississippian and early Pennsylvanian
orogeny and three varieties of it have been tried—east dipping subduction, west-dipping subduction, and strike-slip motion. None of them is without serious
Antler_orogeny
Submarine volcano near Tongatapu, Tonga
Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone and its associated volcanic arc, which extends from New Zealand north-northeast to Fiji, and is formed by the subduction of the
Hunga_Tonga–Hunga_Haʻapai
Nuu-chah-nulth band government in British Columbia, Canada
of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. Under the sea floor in the Cascadia subduction zone off the west coast of Vancouver Island, the Juan de Fuca Plate and
Huu-ay-aht_First_Nations
Major tectonic plate containing Antarctica and the surrounding ocean floor
southern part of the Nazca plate and the Chile Rise became consumed by subduction the more northerly regions of the Antarctic plate began to subduct beneath
Antarctic_plate
Earthquake that occurs at the boundary between two tectonic plates
transform fault boundary, vertical if along a convergent boundary (i.e. subduction or thrust/reverse faulting) or a divergent boundary (i.e. rift zone or
Interplate_earthquake
Earthquake and tsunami in Vanuatu
lies on an active and destructive plate boundary called the New Hebrides Subduction Zone. While the National Geophysical Data Center classified the total
1999_Ambrym_earthquake
tectonic plates. Types of plate boundary: Convergent Collision zone Subduction zone Divergent Extension zone Spreading center Transform Dextral
List_of_tectonic_plates
Minor oceanic plate in the Tethys Sea
plates, noticed that the data supported the existence of two parallel subduction zones between the plates. This was studied in detail in 2015 by Oliver
Kshiroda_plate
7th largest earthquake in the US
49 km along the subduction zone. The rupture of this earthquake did not propagate towards the shallow, near-trench section of the subduction zone. The lack
2021_Chignik_earthquake
Volcano on Montserrat in the Caribbean
volcanic massifs related to the subduction zone. There are three main parts of the island: the central zone, subduction and exclusion. Many volcanoes in
Soufrière_Hills
Phanerozoic accretionary orogen
a relatively distinctive collisional orogenic belt because widespread subduction-accretion complexes and arc magmatic rocks can be found in the region
Central_Asian_Orogenic_Belt
Indian Ocean earthquake are generally associated with megathrust events in subduction zones. Their seismic moments can account for a significant fraction of
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami
subduction zone where the Pacific Plate is subducting beneath the North American Plate. However the eastern side of the basin overlays the subduction
Cook_Inlet_Basin
SUBDUCTION
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Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a wool or flax comber, Middle English kem(be)stere (an agent derivative of Old English cemban ‘to comb’). Although this was originally a feminine form of the masculine kembere, by the Middle English period the suffix -stre had lost its feminine force, and the term was used to refer to both sexes. Compare Baxter, Brewster, Dexter.
Female
Vietnamese
Vietnamese name HANH means "has good conduct."
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian
Victory
Girl/Female
Indian
Affection, Happy
Boy/Male
Indian
King
Boy/Male
Hindu
One of the kauravas
Girl/Female
Shakespearean
The Merry Wives of Windsor' Mistress Ford.
Boy/Male
Armenian, Hindu, Indian
Flower
Male
Japanese
(巌) Japanese name IWAO means "stone man."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Strongest Among Men
SUBDUCTION
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SUBDUCTION
n.
The act of subducting or taking away.
n.
Arithmetical subtraction.