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Reefs produced by sea sponges
Sponge reefs are reefs produced by sea sponges. All modern sponge reefs are formed by hexactinellid sponges, which have an endoskeleton made of silica
Sponge_reef
Class of sponges with siliceous spicules
Sceptrulophora Sponge reef Cloud sponge Sponge Reef Project Glass sponge shrimp Brasier, Martin; Green, Owen; Shields, Graham (April 1997). "Ediacarian sponge spicule
Hexactinellid
Animals of the phylum Porifera
macrobenthos, with many historical species being important reef-building organisms. Sponges are multicellular organisms consisting of jelly-like mesohyl
Sponge
Species of sponge
The giant barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta) is the largest species of sponge found growing on Caribbean coral reefs. It is common at depths greater than
Giant_barrel_sponge
The Strait of Georgia and Howe Sound Glass Sponge Reef Marine Refuge is a marine refuge in the Strait of Georgia and Howe Sound, off the coast of Vancouver
Strait of Georgia and Howe Sound Glass Sponge Reef Marine Refuge
Strait_of_Georgia_and_Howe_Sound_Glass_Sponge_Reef_Marine_Refuge
Outcrop of rock in the sea formed by the growth and deposit of stony coral skeletons
displacing the microbial and sponge reefs of the Cambrian. Sometimes called rainforests of the sea, shallow coral reefs form some of Earth's most diverse
Coral_reef
Species of sponge
sponge (Aphrocallistes vastus), also known as the quesadilla sponge, is a species of sea sponge in the class Hexactinellida. It is a deep-water reef-forming
Cloud_sponge
Marginal sea in British Columbia and Washington state
the Salish Sea are an ideal habitat for the formation of glass sponge reefs. These reefs were believed to have gone extinct during or shortly after the
Salish_Sea
Reef system in the Atlantic Ocean
1°N 49°W / 1°N 49°W / 1; -49 The Amazon Reef, or Amazonian Reef, is an extensive coral and sponge reef system, located in the Atlantic Ocean off the
Amazon_Reef
notable reefs. Fringing reef Recreational dive sites Recreational diving Southeast Asian coral reefs The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs Vidal
List_of_reefs
Joint German-Canadian scientific project
The Sponge Reef Project is a binational scientific project between Germany and Canada to study the sponge reefs off British Columbia, Canada, formed by
Sponge_Reef_Project
Submerged ridge of rock, coral or other material
coral fringing reef, or a temperate rocky intertidal reef. A variety of biotic reef types exists, including oyster reefs and sponge reefs, but the most
Reef
Strait between Haida Gwaii and mainland British Columbia
commercial fishing. The Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs Marine Protected Area was designated by the Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Hecate_Strait
Species of sponge
abundant in the Caribbean, where it is commonly found in reefs of open water areas. This sponge was first described by the Prussian zoologist Peter Simon
Aplysina_fistularis
Uppermost layer of a sea water column that is exposed to sunlight
photosynthesis Electromagnetic absorption by water Epipelagic fish Mesophotic coral reef "Photic zone | Marine Life, Photosynthesis & Light | Britannica". Britannica
Photic_zone
American animated sitcom
SpongeBob SquarePants, also known simply as SpongeBob, is an American animated comedy television series created by marine science educator and animator
SpongeBob_SquarePants
Emission of light by a living organism
829–845. Martin, R. Aidan. "Biology of Sharks and Rays: Cookiecutter Shark". ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved 13 March 2013. Milius, S. (1 August
Bioluminescence
Low-oxygen areas in coastal zones and lakes caused by eutrophication
depend on coral reef fisheries. These mass die-offs due to extreme hypoxic events can have severe impacts on reef fish populations. Coral reef ecosystems offer
Dead_zone_(ecology)
Ecosystem in a body of water
seagrass meadows, mangroves, rocky intertidal systems, salt marshes, coral reefs, kelp forests and lagoons. In the deep water, hydrothermal vents may occur
Aquatic_ecosystem
Wetland sites designated to have international importance by the Ramsar Convention
including kelp beds and sea grass beds, and tropical marine meadows (C) Coral reefs Shores: (D) Rocky marine shores (E) Sand, shingle or pebble shores Saline
Ramsar_site
Protected marine area in British Columbia
Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs Marine Protected Area (HS/QCS MPA) is a 2,410-square-kilometre marine protected area located
Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs Marine Protected Area
Hecate_Strait_and_Queen_Charlotte_Sound_Glass_Sponge_Reefs_Marine_Protected_Area
Fourth period of the Paleozoic Era
impacted the ecosystems and completed the extinction of all calcite sponge reefs and placoderms. Devonian palaeogeography was dominated by the supercontinent
Devonian
These are the different types of marine protection found within PNCIMA. Sponge reefs are highly sensitive to disturbance and the ones in PNCIMA were thought
Pacific North Coast Integrated Management Area
Pacific_North_Coast_Integrated_Management_Area
International treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Ramsar_Convention
Extinction event around 260 million years ago
South China. The initial recovery of reefs consisted of non-metazoan reefs: algal bioherms and algal-sponge reef buildups. This initial recovery interval
Capitanian mass extinction event
Capitanian_mass_extinction_event
Science of inland aquatic ecosystems
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Limnology
Village in British Columbia, Canada
causes, such as the UNESCO Biosphere initiative for Howe Sound and glass-sponge reef protection, and are generally opposed to reindustrialisation of Howe
Lions_Bay
Marine ecosystem
these reefs are a crucial part of the coral reef systems serving as a potential refuge area for shallow coral reef taxa such as coral and sponges. Advances
Mesophotic_coral_reef
Season of television series
The first season of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants, created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg,
SpongeBob SquarePants season 1
SpongeBob_SquarePants_season_1
Type of ecosystem
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Lake_ecosystem
Offshore Pacific Seamounts and Vents Strait of Georgia and Howe Sound Glass Sponge Reef The British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations
List of protected areas of British Columbia
List_of_protected_areas_of_British_Columbia
Retrieved 28 May 2023. "Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs Marine Protected Area". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the
List of World Heritage Sites in Canada
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Canada
Sixth and last period of the Paleozoic Era
"Reef-dwelling brachiopods record paleoecological and paleoenvironmental changes within the Changhsingian (late Permian) platform-margin sponge reef in
Permian
Species of sponge
clathrodes, also known as the orange elephant ear sponge, is a species of sea sponge. It lives on reefs in the Caribbean, usually more than 10 metres (33 ft)
Agelas_clathrodes
Mountain range in the US states of Texas and New Mexico
clearest exposures of a prehistoric reef is preserved in the mountain range's bedrock geology. Bedrock contains fossils of reef-dwelling organisms from the Permian
Guadalupe_Mountains
Species of sponge
magnifica lives on shallow coral reefs in the northern waters of the Red Sea . Unlike many other species of sponges that live in abundance in these waters
Negombata_magnifica
First epoch of the Ordovician period
Seung-Min Kim (2022). "Relatively deep subtidal microbial–lithistid sponge reef communities in Lower Ordovician rocks reveal early escalation of the
Early_Ordovician
Australian science writer (born 1958)
science and mathematics. Their IFF projects include their Crochet Coral Reef, which has been shown at the 2019 Venice Biennale, Hayward Gallery (London)
Margaret_Wertheim
Study of manufactured products on aquatic organisms
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Aquatic_toxicology
Class of sponges
Heteroscleromorpha. The earliest sponge-bearing reefs date to the Early Cambrian (they are the earliest known reef structure built by animals), exemplified
Demosponge
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Sustainable_gardening
Clade of sponges
Siliceous sponges are usually found in the marine ecosystem but they are occasionally found in freshwater. During the Triassic, siliceous sponges grew reefs similar
Siliceous_sponge
Species of sponge
Callyspongia plicifera, the azure vase sponge, is a species of sea sponge belonging to the family Callyspongiidae. It is native to the Bahamas where it
Callyspongia_plicifera
Extinct class of sponges
(/ˈɑːrkioʊsaɪəθə/, "ancient cups") is a taxon of extinct, sessile, reef-building marine sponges that lived in warm tropical and subtropical waters during the
Archaeocyatha
Major circulating ecosystem of ocean currents
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Ecosystem_of_the_North_Pacific_Subtropical_Gyre
Species of sponge
It is speculated that the sponge harnesses bioluminescence to attract plankton. Hexactinellids in the Pacific ocean form reefs, which may collect carbon
Venus'_flower_basket
Extinct clade of sponges
Stromatoporoidea is an extinct clade of sea sponges common in the fossil record from the Middle Ordovician to the Late Devonian. They can be characterized
Stromatoporoidea
Structural element of sea sponges
Spicules are structural elements found in most sponges. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton and thus it provides structural support
Sponge_spicule
Areas of the ocean designated for protection under a global conservation campaign
California Gulf of the Farallones Hecate Strait & Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reef Kermadec Trench Lord Howe Rise Malpelo Island Micronesian Islands Misool
Hope_Spots
Species of sponge
species of marine sponge in the family Chalinidae. It is an encrusting tubular sponge that grows anchored on rocky surfaces of coral reefs. The name of the
Haliclona_caerulea
Mass extinction at the end of the Devonian
Reef ecosystems disappeared from the fossil record during the Hangenberg Event, not returning until the late Tournaisian. Metazoan (coral and sponge)
Hangenberg_event
Conservancy The Nature of Things The Skeptical Environmentalist The Sponge Reef Project Thermal pollution Thermal radiation Thermal reactor Thorp nuclear
Index of environmental articles
Index_of_environmental_articles
Nature reserve in Lithuania
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Žuvintas_Biosphere_Reserve
Li Qiao; Xiaohong Wang (2007-05-03). "The unique skeleton of siliceous sponges (Porifera; Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) that evolved first from the
Timeline_of_life
Coral reef in the Florida Keys, US
sponge, Agelas conifera at Snapper Ledge NOAA National Marine Sanctuary Maps, Florida Keys East NOAA Map of Buoys at Snapper Ledge and Pickles Reef The
Snapper_Ledge
Organism that feeds primarily on sea sponges
reef to obtain sponges. Spongillaflies (Neuroptera, Sisyridae), are a lineage comprising some 60 species of specialist feeders on freshwater sponges.
Spongivore
Nickelodeon media franchise
SpongeBob SquarePants, also known simply as SpongeBob, is an American media franchise created by marine science educator and animator Stephen Hillenburg
SpongeBob SquarePants (franchise)
SpongeBob_SquarePants_(franchise)
Implementation of Geographic Information System
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
GIS_and_aquatic_science
Outlet of the Great Lakes into the Atlantic
important to invertebrates, fish and other deep sea life. High-complexity sponge reefs are associated with a greater abundance and diversity of species. "St
Gulf_of_St._Lawrence
Species of sponge
commonly known as the yellow-green candle sponge or yellow candle sponge, is a species of sea sponge found on reefs in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
Aplysina_insularis
Community of microorganisms found in or around sponges
provided to the sponge, largely in the form of glycerol. Sponges that live in high-light, low-nutrient locations such as tropical reefs rely heavily on
Sponge_microbiomes
Second period of the Mesozoic Era
boundary, reefs substantially expanded during the Late Jurassic, including both sponge reefs and scleractinian coral reefs. Late Jurassic reefs were similar
Jurassic
Species of sponge
sponges, it is primarily used for marine drugs as they have many bioactive components and properties. They also play an important role in marine reef
Callyspongia_crassa
Geological formation in Italy and Switzerland
These later give way to sponge-dominated carbonate mounds (locally “Broccatello-type”), reflecting a benthic, sponge-reef-dominated carbonate factory
Moltrasio_Formation
Marine consumer-resource system
Estuaries Chesapeake waterbird food web Coral reef Seagrass meadows Coral reef diversity Sponge reefs DNA barcoding can be used to construct food web
Marine_food_web
Small object in marine or freshwater
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
Particle_(ecology)
Class of sponge-like animals
contributing towards the biomass of archaeocyath sponge reefs in regions such as Mongolia and Australia. Sponge affinities for radiocyaths are plausible but
Radiocyatha
Artificial reef located in the Atlantic Ocean
black sea bass, flounder, blue mussels, sponges, barnacles, and coral. Also, tuna and mackerel hunt at the reef. The site has become so popular that fishermen
Redbird_Reef
Fossil genus of arthropod
and worms. The only known fossil, found alongside various Hexactinellid sponges, graptolites, and nautiloids in deep-water shale, known as the Anji Biota
Archopterus
Mountain in Germany
mountain's slope is characterized by the Yellow Rock, a bright limestone sponge reef from the Jura Sea. Positioned under the "Gelber Fels" are the 602 m long
Teckberg
Glass sponge
multinucleated syncytium is the major tissue component of Hexactinellid sponges. Glass sponge reefs are known for having the highest grazing rate of any benthic
Oopsacas_minuta
Process of farming sea sponges under controlled conditions
Sea sponge aquaculture is the process of farming sea sponges under controlled conditions. It has been conducted in the world's oceans for centuries using
Aquaculture_of_sea_sponges
Species of sponge
it grows in mats and its colour is weak. The erect rope sponge grows as part of the coral reef community. It occurs in Florida, the Caribbean Sea, and
Amphimedon_compressa
Large sedimentary basin in the US
sediment. One of the most prominent sponges that made up the Capitan Reef was the sponge family Guadalupiidae, a sponge that first appeared on Glass Mountains
Permian_Basin_(North_America)
Species of sponge
Tethya aurantium, also known as the golf ball sponge or orange puffball sponge, is a species of sea sponge belonging to the family Tethyidae. It is spherical
Tethya_aurantium
American marine biologist
North Carolina Wilmington. He is best known for studies of sponges on Caribbean coral reefs that reveal ecological principles such as resource trade-offs
Joseph_Richard_Pawlik
Village of Pottenstein in Bavaria, Germany
and belongs to the town of Pottenstein. Due to the prominent rocks (sponge reefs in cone karst shapes) of a meander cutoff hill, which emerged as the
Tüchersfeld
Submerged atoll northeast of Queensland, Australia
of the reef between 92 and 800 metres (302 and 2,625 ft) below sea level. Relict fauna communities consisting of rock sponges, glass sponges, brachiopods
Osprey_Reef
Genus of anteosaurid synapsid from the Permian
sedimentologic controls on the spatial-temporal distribution of Permian sponge reefs in South China". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 654
Anteosaurus
Watershed terms and topics
Marine biomes Mudflat Oyster reef Rocky shore Salt marsh Salt pannes and pools Seagrass meadow Sponge ground Sponge reef Tide pool Conservation Coral
List_of_watershed_topics
Cultural region in Southern Germany
Jura were being deposited, this sea was divided into sponge reefs and intervening lagoons. The reef bodies and the fine-grained lagoon limestones and marls
Franconia
Archipelago of The Bahamas
population of approximately 8,000 people. The Andros Barrier Reef, the sixth-longest coral reef in the world, runs along the eastern side of the island for
Andros,_The_Bahamas
Human-made underwater structure that functions as a reef
years the reef structure becomes encrusted with algae, tunicates, hard and soft corals and sponges. An electrified reef is an artificial reef where a small
Artificial_reef
Species of sponge
a hurricane on survival and orientation of large erect coral reef sponges". Coral Reefs. 14 (1): 55–61. Bibcode:1995CorRe..14...55W. doi:10.1007/BF00304073
Callyspongia_aculeata
Species of sponge
Coral reef guide. Red Sea. p. 236. ISBN 9780007741731. WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849) Boring Sponge (Pione
Pione_vastifica
Species of sponge
narrowing fingers. Its texture is soft and compressible. This sponge lives on rocky reefs subtidally to 25 metres (82 ft). "Isodictya elastica (Vosmaer
Brain_sponge
Diving to gather natural sponges
Sponge diving is underwater diving to collect soft natural sponges for human use. Most sponges are too rough for general use due to their structural spicules
Sponge_diving
Species of demosponge
Mycale laevis, the orange icing sponge or orange undercoat sponge, is a species of marine demosponge in the family Mycalidae. Mycale is a large genus
Mycale_laevis
Subclass of sponges
Recently discovered in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, these sponges contribute to reef structures in tropical regions. Grant, R.E. 1861. Tabular view
Keratosa
Species of sponge
Living Reef. T.F.H. Publications. p. 66. ISBN 0-86622-875-6. "Yellow calcareous sponge". Florent's Guide to the Florida, Bahamas and Caribbean Reefs. Retrieved
Arturia_canariensis
Geologic formation in Israel
Krivicich, E.B. (2010). "Bioerosion in an equatorial Middle Jurassic coral-sponge reef community (Callovian, Matmor Formation, southern Israel)". Palaeogeography
Matmor_Formation
Episode list for an animated series
SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg that premiered on Nickelodeon
List of SpongeBob SquarePants episodes (seasons 1–10)
List_of_SpongeBob_SquarePants_episodes_(seasons_1–10)
Geologic formation in France
favored the growth of extensive siliceous sponge bioherms (sponge reefs) rather than the shallow coral reefs found in adjacent facies. Paleontologically
Argovian_Formation
Clade of ray-finned fishes
Caribbean coral reefs, parrotfish are important consumers of sponges. An indirect effect of parrotfish grazing on sponges is the protection of reef-building
Parrotfish
1st episode of the 1st season of SpongeBob SquarePants
event for kids and families. SpongeBob SquarePants aired its first segment, "Help Wanted", along with sister segments "Reef Blower" and "Tea at the Treedome"
Help Wanted (SpongeBob SquarePants)
Help_Wanted_(SpongeBob_SquarePants)
Group of lakes in Alberta, Canada
fossil reef that formed during the Late Devonian period. The primary reef-forming organisms were stromatoporoids, a long-extinct type of bulbous sponge. The
Grassi_Lakes
Zones within Canadian waters
and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs British Columbia 2017 2,410 Northern Shelf Protects four glass sponge reefs that were the first discovered
Marine Protected Areas of Canada
Marine_Protected_Areas_of_Canada
Species of sponge
known as the ethereal sponge or heavenly sponge, is a species of lobate sponge within the class Demospongiae. This marine sponge is known for its light
Dysidea_etheria
City in Florida, United States
millions of dollars a year. The 1953 film Beneath the 12-Mile Reef, depicting the sponge industry, takes place and was filmed in Tarpon Springs. The city's
Tarpon_Springs,_Florida
Canadian geologist (1923–2016)
rock units that he examined there. One of these samples contained a sponge reef fauna which included a species of Archaeocyatha that had not yet been
Fred_Roots
SPONGE REEF
SPONGE REEF
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Middle English spong ‘narrow strip of land’, or a habitational name from Spong Farm in Elmstead, Kent, which is named with this word.Swedish : topographic or ornamental name from spång ‘footbridge’, ‘plank’.
Girl/Female
Australian, Vietnamese
Fog
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of Dutch Jong.English
Americanized spelling of Dutch Jong.English : variant of Young.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, French
Dispenser; Form of Spencer; Provisioner
Female
German
German form of Russian Sonya, SONJE means "wisdom."
Female
Chinese
pine tree.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old English stÄn ‘stone’, in any of several uses. It is most commonly a topographic name, for someone who lived either on stony ground or by a notable outcrop of rock or a stone boundary-marker or monument, but it is also found as a metonymic occupational name for someone who worked in stone, a mason or stonecutter. There are various places in southern and western England named with this word, for example in Buckinghamshire, Gloucestershire, Hampshire, Kent, Somerset, Staffordshire, and Worcestershire, and the surname may also be a habitational name from any of these.Translation of various surnames in other languages, including Jewish Stein, Norwegian Steine, and compound names formed with this word.This name was brought independently to New England by many bearers from the 17th century onward. Thomas Scott was one of the founders of Hartford, CT, (coming from Cambridge, MA, with Thomas Hooker) in 1635.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Spouse; bridegroom.
Surname or Lastname
English (Northumbria)
English (Northumbria) : variant of Spoor.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
In the Company
Surname or Lastname
Portuguese, Galician, Italian, and Jewish (Sephardic)
Portuguese, Galician, Italian, and Jewish (Sephardic) : habitational name from any of the many places in Portugal, Galicia, and Italy named or named with Ponte, from ponte ‘bridge’.English : variant spelling of Pont.
Girl/Female
Australian, Scandinavian
Wisdom
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Spouse
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Sanger 2.
Boy/Male
English
Dispenser; provider.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Tong, also established in Ireland since the 17th century.German : from a reduced short form of the personal name Anton (see Anthony).
Boy/Male
English
Stone
Boy/Male
Australian, Celtic
Warrior
Boy/Male
Spanish
Born fifth.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : metonymic occupational name for a servant employed in the pantry of a great house or monastery, from Middle English spense ‘larder’, ‘storeroom’ (a reduced form of Old French despense, from a Late Latin derivative of dispendere, past participle dispensus, ‘to weigh out or dispense’).
SPONGE REEF
SPONGE REEF
Boy/Male
Indian, Rajasthani
Durga Name
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Lotus
Girl/Female
American, British, Christian, English, Finnish, French, Latin, Swedish
Invaluable; Female Version of Anthony; Highly Praiseworthy; From a Roman Clan Name; In the 17th Century; Beyond Praise; Priceless; Inestimable
Boy/Male
Greek, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Tamil
Son of Victory
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Very Smart
Male
Spanish
Portuguese and Spanish form of Latin Gregorius, GREGORIO means "watchful; vigilant."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old Danish personal name Wraghi.One of the leading figures in colonial Charlestown, SC, during the early 18th century was Samuel Wragg (1714–77), who was made a baron for his services to the colony and the crown; as a Loyalist, he was banished from the colony in 1777.
Girl/Female
Indian
Kind of a flower
SPONGE REEF
SPONGE REEF
SPONGE REEF
SPONGE REEF
SPONGE REEF
a.
Soft, and full of cavities; of an open, loose, pliable texture; as, a spongy excrescence; spongy earth; spongy cake; spongy bones.
v. t.
To wipe out with a sponge, as letters or writing; to efface; to destroy all trace of.
n.
See Sconce.
v. i.
Fig.: To gain by mean arts, by intrusion, or hanging on; as, an idler sponges on his neighbor.
a.
Having the quality of imbibing fluids, like a sponge.
n.
Any one of numerous species of Spongiae, or Porifera. See Illust. and Note under Spongiae.
imp. & p. p.
of Sponge
v. t.
To sprinkle, as with water from a sponge.
n.
One who lives upon others; a pertinaceous and indolent dependent; a parasite; a sponger.
v. i.
To be converted, as dough, into a light, spongy mass by the agency of yeast, or leaven.
n.
The elastic fibrous skeleton of many species of horny Spongiae (keratosa), used for many purposes, especially the varieties of the genus Spongia. The most valuable sponges are found in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, and on the coasts of Florida and the West Indies.
n.
A sponge.
a.
Wet; drenched; soaked and soft, like sponge; rainy.
v. t.
To cleanse or wipe with a sponge; as, to sponge a slate or a cannon; to wet with a sponge; as, to sponge cloth.
n.
One who sponges, or uses a sponge.
n.
A siliceous sponge, of the genus Hyalonema, and allied genera; -- so called from their glassy fibers or spicules; -- called also vitreous sponge. See Glass-rope, and Euplectella.
v. i.
To suck in, or imbile, as a sponge.
n.
One employed in gathering sponges.
v. t.
Fig.: To get by imposition or mean arts without cost; as, to sponge a breakfast.
n.
Dough before it is kneaded and formed into loaves, and after it is converted into a light, spongy mass by the agency of the yeast or leaven.