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Doubtful attitude toward knowledge claims
Skepticism (US) or scepticism (UK) is a questioning attitude or doubt toward knowledge claims that are seen as mere belief or dogma. For example, if a
Skepticism
Philosophical views that question the possibility of knowledge or certainty
Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling: scepticism; from Greek σκέψις skepsis, "inquiry") is a family of philosophical views that question the possibility
Philosophical_skepticism
Questioning of claims lacking empirical evidence
Scientific skepticism or rational skepticism (also spelled scepticism), sometimes referred to as skeptical inquiry, is a position in which one questions
Scientific_skepticism
View that one cannot possess knowledge in some particular domain
Local skepticism is the view that one cannot possess knowledge in some particular domain. It contrasts with global skepticism (also known as absolute
Local_skepticism
Ethical theory
Moral skepticism (or moral scepticism in British English) is a class of meta-ethical theories all members of which entail that no one has any moral knowledge
Moral_skepticism
Scientific skepticism (also spelled scepticism) is the practice of questioning whether claims are supported by empirical research and have reproducibility
Lists of scientific skepticism topics
Lists_of_scientific_skepticism_topics
Type of skepticism relating to religion
Religious skepticism is a type of skepticism relating to religion. Religious skeptics question religious authority and are not necessarily antireligious/clerical
Religious_skepticism
Denial of the scientific consensus on climate change
and climate change skepticism, and only a few have expressed preference for being described as deniers. But the word "skepticism" is incorrectly used
Climate_change_denial
Skeptical period of ancient Academy
Academic skepticism was the philosophy of the skeptical period of the Academy dating from around 266 BCE, when Arcesilaus became scholarch, until around
Academic_skepticism
Doubt about God's existence
agnostics from those who have never considered the issue. It overlaps with skepticism and fallibilism, which deny that knowledge or absolute certainty are possible
Agnosticism
Form of methodological skepticism
Cartesian doubt is a form of methodological skepticism associated with the writings and methodology of René Descartes (31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650)
Cartesian_doubt
Rejection of certain ideas about reality
associated with modernity in the Western world, characterized by deep skepticism toward established norms and values alongside indifference, despair, and
Nihilism
Philosophical study of knowledge
perception, introspection, memory, reason, and testimony. The school of skepticism questions the human ability to attain knowledge, while fallibilism says
Epistemology
Position that appears to be skeptic but is actually dogmatic
philosophical or scientific position that appears to be that of skepticism or scientific skepticism but in reality is a form of dogmatism. An early use of the
Pseudoskepticism
Body of criticism of the European Union
Euroscepticism, also spelled as Euroskepticism or EU-scepticism, is a political position involving criticism of the European Union (EU) and European integration
Euroscepticism
Philosophical position that knowledge is most likely impossible
Radical skepticism (or radical scepticism in British English) is the philosophical position that knowledge is most likely impossible. Radical skeptics
Radical_skepticism
magazines that promote or practice scientific skepticism. Humanism Lists about skepticism List of books about skepticism List of skeptical conferences List of
List of scientific skepticism magazines
List_of_scientific_skepticism_magazines
Finnish funeral doom band
Skepticism is a Finnish funeral doom metal band. Formed in 1991, they are regarded as one of the pioneers of the genre. Starting out with a death metal
Skepticism_(band)
Form of pseudoscientific alternative medicine
Quackery (health fraud) Rise of modern medicine Pseudoscience Antiscience Skepticism Scientific Therapeutic nihilism Fringe medicine and science Acupressure
Chiropractic
Digital asset using a distributed ledger
Cryptocurrency is a type of digital asset that uses distributed ledger, or blockchain, technology to enable a secure transaction. Individual coin ownership
Cryptocurrency
Ancient Greek school of philosophical skepticism
Pyrrhonism is an Ancient Greek school of philosophical skepticism which rejects dogma and advocates the suspension of judgement over the truth of all beliefs
Pyrrhonism
Skepticism in law is a school of jurisprudence that was a reaction against the idea of natural law, and a response to the formalism of legal positivists
Skepticism_in_law
Skepticism of environmentalism
Environmental skepticism is the belief that statements by environmentalists, and the environmental scientists who support them, are false or exaggerated
Environmental_skepticism
Awareness of facts, or competency
Scepticism Steup & Neta 2020, § 6.1 General Skepticism and Selective Skepticism Stroll 2023, § Skepticism Steup & Neta 2020, § 6.2 Responses to the Closure
Knowledge
Antisemitic conspiracy theory
Holocaust denial is the negationist and antisemitic fringe view that Nazi Germany and its collaborators did not commit genocide against European Jews during
Holocaust_denial
American entrepreneur and venture capitalist (born 1967)
Jeffrey R. (12 December 2023). "How a Billionaire's Fellowship Spread Skepticism About College's Value - EdSurge News". EdSurge. Farley Center for Entrepreneurship
Peter_Thiel
Philosophical ideals for the practice of science
science... communism, universalism, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism". The subsequent portion of his book, The Sociology of Science, elaborated
Mertonian_norms
Country in South America
narrow Maduro victory on 29 July, world leaders predominantly expressed skepticism of the claimed results and did not recognize the CNE claims with only
Venezuela
Political party in the United States
activism and policy. The Republican Party has a persistent history of skepticism or opposition to multilateralism in American foreign policy. Its members
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
Scientific literacy List of climate change video games Scientific skepticism Skepticism Truth sandwich Verificado 2018 Watchdog journalism Fact-checking
Soviet_Union
Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796
Individualism Liberalism Liberté, égalité, fraternité Methodological skepticism Midlands Modernity Natural philosophy Objectivity Progressivism Rationality
Catherine_the_Great
Country in South Asia
November 2011. Khan, Naveeda (22 May 2012). Muslim Becoming: Aspiration and Skepticism in Pakistan. Duke University Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-8223-5231-0. Retrieved
Pakistan
American theoretical physicist (1904–1967)
On May 18, 1942, Gregory Breit resigned due to security concerns and skepticism towards the project. Not long after that, Arthur Compton asked Oppenheimer
J._Robert_Oppenheimer
Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC
that this contributed to Cleopatra's demise, although others expressed skepticism about this hypothesis. Although the command economy that she managed was
Cleopatra
Social networking service owned by Meta Platforms
2 billion user mark was crossed in June 2017. In November 2015, after skepticism about the accuracy of its "monthly active users" measurement, Facebook
Study of general and fundamental questions
emergence of philosophical movements, for example, Epicureanism, Stoicism, Skepticism, and Neoplatonism. The medieval period started in the 5th century CE.
Philosophy
AI digital assistant
complete software development tasks. Devin AI has received both praise and skepticism regarding its capabilities and its implications for the future of artificial
Devin_AI
President of the United States from 1977 to 1981
claim that Brzezinski lured the Soviets into Afghanistan warrants deep skepticism. Coll, Steve (2004). Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan
Jimmy_Carter
American politician (born 1954)
account grew from 121,000 followers to 454,000. Kennedy has expressed skepticism about the COVID-19 pandemic, contending that it served to benefit billionaires
Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr.
This list of books about skepticism is a skeptic's library of works centered on scientific skepticism, religious skepticism, critical thinking, scientific
List of books about skepticism
List_of_books_about_skepticism
1947–1991 geopolitical rivalry between US and USSR
commitments to more productive areas in the civilian sector. Despite initial skepticism in the West, the new Soviet leader proved to be committed to reversing
Cold_War
Epistemology Empiricism Fideism Naturalism Particularism Rationalism Skepticism Solipsism Ethics Consequentialism Deontology Virtue Free will Compatibilism
Philosophy_of_language
During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions, particularly lockdowns (encompassing stay-at-home orders
COVID-19_lockdowns
Political party in England and Wales
pricing reform racism technology Environmentalism opposition Environmental skepticism Stewardship in music Fossil fuel phase-out Green development economy grabbing
Green Party of England and Wales
Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales
This is a list of notable podcasts that promote or practice scientific skepticism. These podcasts are either officially on hiatus, have ceased production
List of scientific skepticism podcasts
List_of_scientific_skepticism_podcasts
Cohort born from 1997 to 2012
having trouble finding the right person, the high costs of marriage, or skepticism of marriage. Across East Asia, young women are increasingly wary of marriage
Generation_Z
G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also Absurdism – Academic skepticism – Accelerationism - Achintya Bheda Abheda – Action, philosophy of – Actual
List_of_philosophies
2006 film by David Frankel
have been the inspiration for Priestly. Wintour eventually overcame her skepticism, saying she liked the film and Streep's performance in particular. Aspiring
The_Devil_Wears_Prada_(film)
Approach to understanding the relationship between text and meaning
deconstruction of a text does not proceed by random doubt or generalized skepticism, but by the careful teasing out of warring forces of signification within
Deconstruction
Reluctance or refusal of vaccines
authoritative and traditional media sources and demonstrated similar skepticism towards these sources compared to respondents who accepted the vaccine
Vaccine_hesitancy
American singer-songwriter (born 1989)
"Taylor Swift Accepts Global Icon Award at 2021 Brits: Let 'Cynicism or Skepticism Fuel You'". People. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved
Taylor_Swift
English idiom expressing skepticism
something, specifically claims that may be misleading or unverified, with skepticism or not to interpret something literally. In the old-fashioned English
A_grain_of_salt
U.S. Air Force facility in southern Nevada
Disclosure movement Culture The Age of Disclosure Fiction Religions list Skepticism List of scientific skeptics Committee for Skeptical Inquiry Government
Area_51
American conservative cable news channel
questioned the efficacy and safety of the vaccine, celebrated evidence-free skepticism, and blasted attempts to promote vaccinations. More than 90% of Fox Corporation's
Fox_News
2008 book by Tim Keller
The Reason for God: Belief in an Age of Skepticism, published in 2008, is a book and DVD on Christian apologetics by Timothy J. Keller, a scholar and founding
The_Reason_for_God
Damian; O'Keeffe, Kate (December 18, 2016). "Donald Trump's Team Tones Down Skepticism on Russia Hacking Evidence". The Wall Street Journal. Levine, Sam (December
2016 United States presidential election
2016_United_States_presidential_election
President of the United States from 1901 to 1909
at the state level and replace Taft at the national level. Despite his skepticism of the league, Roosevelt expressed general support for progressive principles
Theodore_Roosevelt
Rejecting scientific or historical consensus
rituals Delusion – Fixation of holding false beliefs Environmental skepticism – Skepticism of environmentalism Euphemism – Mild or indirect word or expression
Denialism
English polymath (1642–1727)
Individualism Liberalism Liberté, égalité, fraternité Methodological skepticism Midlands Modernity Natural philosophy Objectivity Progressivism Rationality
Isaac_Newton
significantly lower than the official claim of 4.8%. As observers raised their skepticism of the Chinese economy, in 2025, the United States Federal Reserve conducted
Economy_of_China
Country in Southeast Europe
emerged during the Hellenistic period, Cynicism, Stoicism, Epicureanism and Skepticism, while Neoplatonism dominated subsequent thought. Byzantine philosophy
Greece
American social news and discussion site
desire for simplicity, maintainability, and performance. Despite facing skepticism and critique from the Lisp community, the change was justified by the
Postulation about the act of dreaming
is not. Many contemporary philosophers have attempted to refute dream skepticism in detail (see, e.g., Stone (1984)). Ernest Sosa (2007) devoted a chapter
Dream_argument
American astronaut (1930–2012)
"persuasive". Linguists David Beaver and Mark Liberman wrote of their skepticism of Ford's claims on the blog Language Log. A 2016 peer-reviewed study
Neil_Armstrong
American civil rights activist (1925–1965)
Muhammad's son, Wallace D. Muhammad; the son told Malcolm X about his skepticism toward his father's "unorthodox approach" to Islam. Wallace Muhammad was
Malcolm_X
Set of techniques used by mentalists, psychics, fortune-tellers, and mediums
Spiritualism Stone Tape Supernatural Telekinesis Telepathy Table-turning Ufology Skepticism Cold reading Committee for Skeptical Inquiry Debunking Hoax James Randi
Cold_reading
German philosopher and socialist (1818–1883)
Pantheism Perennialism Polytheism Possibilianism Process theology Religious skepticism Spiritualism Shamanism Taoic Theism Transcendentalism Philosophers of
Karl_Marx
organizations that promote or practice scientific skepticism. Humanism Lists about skepticism List of books about skepticism List of secularist organizations List
List of scientific skepticism organizations
List_of_scientific_skepticism_organizations
thread next to the light beam. Ibn al-Haytham also employed scientific skepticism and emphasized the role of empiricism. He also explained the role of induction
History_of_scientific_method
Jews who have held skeptical views on matters of the Jewish religion
whatever these may be (see Maimonides, Albo), but historically Jewish skepticism is directed either at (1) the existence of the God of Judaism or (2) the
Jewish_skeptics
that promote or practice scientific skepticism. Humanism Lists of skepticism topics List of books about skepticism List of skeptical magazines List of
List of scientific skepticism conferences
List_of_scientific_skepticism_conferences
Vice President of the United States since 2025
necessary to eliminate Iran's nuclear threat, but reportedly expressed skepticism during internal White House deliberations before the military operation
JD_Vance
National Basketball Association team in San Antonio
take a lump sum of $500 million instead. Although there was some initial skepticism in league circles regarding the potential success and talent levels of
San_Antonio_Spurs
1999 film by the Wachowskis
Smith turned down the role of Neo to make Wild Wild West, because of skepticism over the film's ambitious bullet time special effects. He later stated
The_Matrix
American conservative political commentator (born 1969)
also agreed with Fox News' defense that reasonable viewers would have "skepticism" over statements Carlson makes on its show, as he often engages in "exaggeration"
Tucker_Carlson
American educational organization
at each conference. Even after the Northeast Conference on Science and Skepticism (NECSS) organizers decided to move the conference to April, the SGU continues
New_England_Skeptical_Society
Hypothesized anatomical detail
either safety or effectiveness of this treatment. In addition to general skepticism among gynecologists, sexologists and other researchers that the G-spot
G-spot
American rapper and singer-songwriter (1998–2018)
Jesus and God for allowing atrocities in the world, while expressing skepticism about the existence of God. Specifically, Onfroy describes seeking revenge
XXXTentacion
Systematic endeavour to gain knowledge
controversy dissent enterprise integrity literacy method misconduct priority skepticism Scientocracy Scientometrics Team science Traditional knowledge ecological
Science
American multinational retail corporation operating department stores
animal welfare groups but a poultry trade group representative expressed skepticism about the decision's impact. As of 2023, 21% of Walmart's eggs and 41%
Walmart
Ethnoreligious group
converts who go on to practice no Judaism are likely to be viewed with skepticism. Mainstream Judaism does not proselytize, and conversion is considered
Jews
American businessman and programmer (born 1984)
February 5, 2009. Seward, Zachary M. (July 25, 2007). "Judge Expresses Skepticism About Facebook Lawsuit". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original
Mark_Zuckerberg
President of the United States from 1945 to 1953
of demobilization on the economy was unknown, proposals were met with skepticism and resistance, and fears existed that the nation would slide back into
Harry_S._Truman
Form of athletic theater
the need then. "Protecting the business" in the face of criticism and skepticism was the first and most important rule a pro wrestler learned. No matter
Professional_wrestling
Book by George Santayana
more brightly before him. While Santayana acknowledges the importance of skepticism to philosophy, and begins by doubting almost everything; from here, he
Scepticism_and_Animal_Faith
19th century US philosophical movement
criticism of Johann Gottfried Herder and Friedrich Schleiermacher, the skepticism of David Hume", and the transcendental philosophy of Immanuel Kant and
Transcendentalism
Philosophical origins and foundation of Western civilization
and adopted skepticism as a central tenet of Platonism, making Platonism nearly the same as Pyrrhonism. After Arcesilaus, Academic skepticism diverged from
Ancient_Greek_philosophy
President of the United States from 1963 to 1969
Vietnam War and domestic unrest, including race riots, increasing public skepticism with his reports and policies (coined the credibility gap), and increasing
Lyndon_B._Johnson
1973 film by William Friedkin
have natural, scientific causes. Aside from Karras' initial professional skepticism, that perspective is absent from the film. The lead roles, particularly
The_Exorcist
American white supremacist hate group
2025. Retrieved February 4, 2026. Parsons, Elaine Frantz (2011). "Klan Skepticism and Denial in Reconstruction-Era Public Discourse". The Journal of Southern
Ku_Klux_Klan
Cohort born from 1981 to 1996
the 2010s, as institutions of higher education came under heightened skepticism due to high costs and disappointing results. People became increasingly
Millennials
Founding Father, U.S. president from 1797 to 1801
ISBN 978-0-19-939139-4. Adams sought to steer a middle course between Deism and skepticism, on one side, and Calvinism, on the other, that led him to lean toward
John_Adams
Artistic, cultural, and theoretical movement
While its definition varies across disciplines, it commonly involves skepticism toward established norms, blending of styles, and attention to the socially
Postmodernism
Apparent unusual observation in the sky
Disclosure movement Culture The Age of Disclosure Fiction Religions list Skepticism List of scientific skeptics Committee for Skeptical Inquiry Government
Unidentified_flying_object
How one process influences another
Epistemology Empiricism Fideism Naturalism Particularism Rationalism Skepticism Solipsism Ethics Consequentialism Deontology Virtue Free will Compatibilism
Causality
Epistemological argument by George Edward Moore
epistemological argument formulated by G. E. Moore against philosophical skepticism about the external world and in support of common sense. The argument
Here_is_one_hand
Philosophical movement
the rationalism of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Baruch Spinoza. Hume's skepticism had challenged the core tenets of the Enlightenment, arguing that reason
German_idealism
American actor (born 1963)
was "probably 20 percent atheist and 80 percent agnostic," reflecting skepticism toward traditional religious claims. He stated in later inteviews that
Brad_Pitt
Association football club in Italy
Fluminense. Although Chivu’s first season at Inter began with considerable skepticism, as he had limited coaching experience with only 13 matches at Parma before
Inter_Milan
Healthy Skepticism Inc is an international non-profit organisation whose main aim is to "improve health by reducing harm from misleading drug promotion"
Healthy_Skepticism
SKEPTICISM
SKEPTICISM
SKEPTICISM
SKEPTICISM
Girl/Female
English
From Denmark. Also a.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Servant of the Restorer
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Breath; breathing spirit.
Girl/Female
Indian, Kannada, Marathi
Intelligent
Biblical
prisoner; fettered
Girl/Female
Indian
Kind of a flower
Boy/Male
Tamil
Vivek Vardhan | விவேக வரà¯à®¤à®¨Â
Increaser of knowledge
Female
English
Pet form of English Samantha, SAMMI means "heard of God," "his name is El," or "name of God."
Girl/Female
Christian, German
Noble; Kind
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Gorgeous
SKEPTICISM
SKEPTICISM
SKEPTICISM
SKEPTICISM
SKEPTICISM
n.
Skepticism; universal doubt.
n.
The doctrine that the existence of a personal Deity, an unseen world, etc., can be neither proved nor disproved, because of the necessary limits of the human mind (as sometimes charged upon Hamilton and Mansel), or because of the insufficiency of the evidence furnished by physical and physical data, to warrant a positive conclusion (as taught by the school of Herbert Spencer); -- opposed alike dogmatic skepticism and to dogmatic theism.
n.
The withholding of belief; doubt; incredulity; skepticism.
n.
An undecided, inquiring state of mind; doubt; uncertainty.
n.
Skepticism; skeptical philosophy.
n.
A doubting of the truth of revelation, or a denial of the divine origin of the Christian religion, or of the being, perfections, or truth of God.
a.
Of or pertaining to a sceptic or skepticism; characterized by skepticism; hesitating to admit the certainly of doctrines or principles; doubting of everything.
n.
The doctrine that no fact or principle can be certainly known; the tenet that all knowledge is uncertain; Pyrrohonism; universal doubt; the position that no fact or truth, however worthy of confidence, can be established on philosophical grounds; critical investigation or inquiry, as opposed to the positive assumption or assertion of certain principles.
n.
The state or quality of being i/credulous; a withholding or refusal of belief; skepticism; unbelief; disbelief.