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Soviet-era prison-workplace for engineers and scientists
In the Soviet Union, a sharashka (Russian: шара́шка, [ʂɐˈraʂkə]; sometimes sharaga, sharazhka) was a type of secret research and development laboratory
Sharashka
Novel by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
in English in 2009. The novel depicts the lives of the occupants of a sharashka (a research and development bureau made of Gulag inmates) located in the
In_the_First_Circle
Secret police of the Soviet Union (1934–1946)
prisons, much more comfortable than the gulag, colloquially known as sharashkas. These prisoners continued their work in these prisons and were later
NKVD
Soviet aerospace engineer (1888–1972)
NKVD sharashka for aircraft designers in Bolshevo near Moscow, where many surviving ex-TsAGI people had already been sent to work. The sharashka soon
Andrei_Tupolev
Soviet secret police chief (1899–1953)
secret Gulag detention facilities for scientists and engineers, known as sharashkas. From 1945, he oversaw the Soviet atomic bomb project, to which Stalin
Lavrentiy_Beria
Soviet aerospace engineer
colleagues were executed. In 1939 he was moved from a prison to an NKVD sharashka for aircraft designers near Moscow, where many ex-TsAGI people had already
Vladimir_Petlyakov
Soviet Armenian architect (1895–1975)
1942 on political charges, Merzhanov continued professional work as a sharashka architect, designing numerous public buildings in the Black Sea region
Miron_Merzhanov
Russian engineer (1887–1948)
which the arrested engineers worked, became one of the first so-called "Sharashka's". In 1936, Leonid Ramzin was granted amnesty and released from prison
Leonid_Ramzin
Soviet dive bomber aircraft
Great Purge, Petlyakov and other weapons designers were instead sent to sharashkas, special prisons run by the NKVD where such valuable prisoners could continue
Petlyakov_Pe-2
Electronic musical instrument
(preceding the KGB), taken back to the Soviet Union and made to work in a sharashka laboratory prison camp at Magadan, Siberia. He reappeared 30 years later
Theremin
Russian inventor (1896–1993)
execution were widely circulated and published, Theremin was put to work in a sharashka (a secret laboratory in the Gulag camp system), together with Andrei Tupolev
Leon_Theremin
Soviet penal labor camp system
special category of repression. Secret research laboratories known as Sharashka (шарашка) held arrested and convicted scientists, some of them prominent
Gulag
Cybernetics in the Soviet Union Lysenkoism Science and technology in Russia Sharashka Soviet Antarctic Expedition Soviet cosmonauts Soviet explorers Soviet
Science and technology in the Soviet Union
Science_and_technology_in_the_Soviet_Union
City in Russia
the Soviet Army had captured were taken here with their families for sharashka work.[citation needed] On 22 March 2024, terrorists opened fire and detonated
Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast
Soviet-Russian author and dissident (1918–2008)
camps; the "middle phase", as he later referred to it, was spent in a sharashka (a special scientific research facility run by Ministry of State Security)
Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn
Soviet aerospace engineer (1907–1966)
facility, and Korolev was brought here to work. During World War II, this sharashka designed both the Tupolev Tu-2 bomber and the Petlyakov Pe-2 dive bomber
Sergei_Korolev
Soviet nuclear research site, 1946–1955
latter was headed by N. V. Timofeev-Resovskij. Laboratory B was run as a sharashka (a closed research facility run as a prison), with at least ten of its
Laboratory_B
Soviet microbiologist, virologist, immunologist and academician
to extract alcohol from reindeer moss, the authorities sent him to a "sharashka", where he commenced research on carcinoma. The prisoners brought mice
Lev_Zilber
Pseudoscientific Soviet biological theory
until the death of Stalin in 1953. Secret research facilities such as sharashka were where numerous scientists ended up imprisoned. From 1934 to 1940
Lysenkoism
Science fiction novels by Dan Simmons
universe. Their name comes from a slang term related to the Russian word sharashka, which is a scientific or technical institute staffed with prisoners.
Ilium/Olympos
Region of the Russian Far East
execution circulated widely, Theremin was, in fact, put to work in a sharashka (a secret research-laboratory), together with other scientists and engineers
Kolyma
Military court of the Soviet Union
of Medical Sciences Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences Sharashkas Naukograds List Telephone numbers Society Antisemitism Crime Demographics
Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union
Military_Collegium_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Soviet_Union
1947 long poem by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
autobiographic poem Dorozhen'ka (The Road), that he wrote in 1947 as a sharashka (scientific research camp) inmate. The original poem did not survive,
Prussian_Nights
Soviet historian, ethnologist, and anthropologist (1912–1992)
Lev Nikolayevich Gumilev (also Gumilyov; Russian: Лев Никола́евич Гумилёв; 1 October [O.S. 18 September] 1912 – 15 June 1992) was a Soviet and Russian
Lev_Gumilev
Soviet airliner prototype
load testing, prompting the arrest of Bartini who was imprisoned in a sharashka in Bolshevo led by fellow inmate Andrei Tupolev. Repair of the Stal-7
Bartini_Stal-7
Soviet aircraft diesel engine developed during World War II
It was initially designated as the AD-5 when development began in the sharashka attached to Factory (Zavod) No. 82 at Tushino Airport in 1939. Construction
Charomskiy_ACh-30
Soviet theoretical physicist
in jail Rumer first worked on plane flutter and wobble problems in a sharashka situated at an Omsk suburb. Later in 1946 he was transferred to Taganrog
Yuri_Rumer
It was invented by the Russian Leonid Ramzin, whilst imprisoned in a sharashka. Rastrick boiler: a vertical heat-recovery boiler, typically used in ironworks
List of boiler types by manufacturer
List_of_boiler_types_by_manufacturer
2006 Russian TV series or program
the fearful times of Stalin's mass arrests, the series takes place in a sharashka, a prison-laboratory for secret research where Russia's greatest minds
The_First_Circle_(miniseries)
Heavy gun-howitzer
ML-20 with cast breech and wedge breechblock. Was developed by OKB-172 (sharashka of the NKVD) in 1946. ML-20 with M-46-type carriage – ML-20 with a modified
152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20)
152_mm_howitzer-gun_M1937_(ML-20)
Russian-Latvian military personnel
instrument". In the same year he was involved in establishing one of the first sharashkas – an aircraft design bureau staffed by prisoners of Butyrka prison, including
Yakov_Alksnis
Russian architect (1879–1942)
Instead of GULAG camps, he ended up in a Leningrad-based architectural sharashka. From July 1931 to June 1935, Lanceray was involved in numerous NKVD-sponsored
Nikolay_Lanceray
the NKVD he was sentenced to 25 years of labor camps. He worked in a sharashka OTB-1 in Krasnoyarsk. He was freed and rehabilitated on 20 March 1954
Mikhail_Rusakov
Soviet pathogen weaponization from 1920s to 1990s
Suzdal and then the following year created a special prison laboratory, or sharashka, where around nineteen leading plague and tularaemia specialists were
Soviet biological weapons program
Soviet_biological_weapons_program
Soviet aircraft designer (1897–1974)
imprisonment Bartini continued his work on new aircraft designs, first at the sharashka TsKB-29, an NKVD experiment aircraft design bureau in Moscow where he
Robert_Bartini
Soviet rocket engineer (1908–1989)
Valentin Petrovich Glushko (Russian: Валентин Петрович Глушко; Ukrainian: Валентин Петрович Глушко, romanized: Valentyn Petrovych Hlushko; 2 September
Valentin_Glushko
Hungarian-Soviet mathematician
Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI) in Moscow. Arrested in 1938, he worked in the "sharashka" on the construction of military aircraft. His cellmates included his
Karl_Szilárd
Repressions of physicists in the Soviet Union
arrested. Landau was released, but Korets and Rumer were imprisoned in sharashkas of gulag. A total of 16 UPTI employees suffered from the repressions.
UPTI_Affair
Topics referred to by the same term
ОКБ, romanized: OKB, lit. 'SDB'), a type of Soviet bureau, a form of sharashka (Russian: шара́шка) R&D lab Sukhoi Design Bureau, Soviet Union; an aircraft
SDB
Russian avant-garde architect and educator
sentenced for 15 years on political charges, and ended up in Norilsk as a sharashka architect. Acquitted after 17 years of prison and exile, Kochar successfully
Nikolai_Ladovsky
Russian artist (1931–2015)
the crime" he wasn't 18 years old. Later he worked as a designer in a sharashka in Kresty Prison in Leningrad. On 22 June 1954, a year after the death
Evgeny_Ukhnalev
Prison in Russia
half a century after her death. On the grounds of the prison operated a sharashka – a research and development facility called OKB-172, that used inmates
Kresty_Prison
1928 Soviet show trial
incompatibility (help) Dekulakization Industrial Party Trial of 1930 Sharashka Metro-Vickers Affair of 1933 Political repression in the Soviet Union
Shakhty_Trial
Solzhenitsyn , an account of three days in the lives of prisoners in the Marfino sharashka or special prison was submitted for publication to the Soviet authorities
List_of_Gulag_memoirs
corrective labor colonies. There were also scientific prison institutes (sharashkas), internment camps and prisoner of war (POW) camps. About 20% of the prisoners
Forced labor in the Soviet Union
Forced_labor_in_the_Soviet_Union
of Medical Sciences Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences Sharashkas Naukograds List Telephone numbers Society Antisemitism Crime Demographics
List of metro systems in the Soviet Union
List_of_metro_systems_in_the_Soviet_Union
Western term for Soviet harvesting of Nazi German nuclear assets, 1945-1946
the Soviet Alsos operation. The scientific staff of Laboratory B – a ShARAShKA – was both Soviet and German, the former being mostly political prisoners
Russian_Alsos
District in Moscow, Russia
premises were transferred to the Institute of Automation. Here, the famous "sharashka" (an MGB research institute where imprisoned specialists from labor camps
Marfino_District
Russian aerospace engineer
Vladimir Mikhailovich Myasishchev (Russian: Владимир Михайлович Мясищев; 28 September 1902 – 14 October 1978) was a Soviet aircraft designer, major general
Vladimir Myasishchev (engineer)
Vladimir_Myasishchev_(engineer)
Soviet and Russian stage actor and director
Queen of Spades (1996) The Brothers Karamazov (1997) Marat/Sade (1998) Sharashka (1998) Eugene Onegin (2000) Faust (2002) Oberiuty (2004) Antigone (2006)
Yuri_Lyubimov
sbiten. Sharashka also Sharaga, Sharazhka (Russian: шара́шка IPA: [ʂɐˈraʂkə]) (Russian slang for the expression sharashkina kontora, "Sharashka's office"
List of English words of Russian origin
List_of_English_words_of_Russian_origin
Soviet engineer and mathematician (1897–1942)
three years in a gulag, but because of his evident talents was sent to a sharashka (research facility prison) rather than a labour camp. There, he was first
Yuri_Kondratyuk
Soviet author and dissident
fostering "bourgeois humanism" and for "compassion towards the enemy". In the sharashka Marfino he met Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. Kopelev became a prototype for
Lev_Kopelev
Soviet biologist (1900–1981)
and was sent, in 1947, to work at Laboratory B in Sungul, which was a ShARAShKA. While he was still a prisoner, he headed up the biological division at
Nikolay_Timofeev-Ressovsky
Soviet rocket scientist (1883–1966)
1937, he was arrested on a false case of wrecking, and sent to work in Sharashka at the Tushino Aircraft Building Plant. There he was engaged in the design
Georgy_Sergeevich_Zhiritsky
of the people and imprisoned. Some scientists worked as prisoners in "Sharashkas" (research and development laboratories within the Gulag labor camp system)
Human rights in the Soviet Union
Human_rights_in_the_Soviet_Union
German nuclear chemist (1901–1990)
the Russian Alsos operation. The scientific staff of Laboratory B – a ShARAShKA – was both Soviet and German, the former being mostly political prisoners
Nikolaus_Riehl
Soviet economist (1903–1997)
of Medical Sciences Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences Sharashkas Naukograds List Telephone numbers Society Antisemitism Crime Demographics
Lev_Gatovsky
Imperial Russian cavalry regiment
Alexander Garden with its facade. Between 1931 and 1934, the prisoner "sharashka", architect N. Ye. Lancere, carried out the reconstruction of the arena
Life_Guard_Horse_Regiment
Russian contemporary artist (born 1974)
convert the horse guards' riding hall into an OGPU garage while held in a “sharashka”, a special design bureau, from July 1931 to 28 June 1935. The filing
Alexander_Morozov_(artist)
German nuclear physicist (1905–1975)
or exiles; this type of facility is known as a sharashka. (Laboratory B in Sungul' was also a sharashka and its personnel worked on the Soviet atomic bomb
Heinz_Pose
German nuclear chemist (1911–1988)
the Russian Alsos operation. The scientific staff of Laboratory B – a ShARAShKA – was both Soviet and German, the former being mostly political prisoners
Karl_Zimmer
to Zavod imeni Stalina in December 1940 or January 1941. The artillery sharashka OTB of NKVD (in 1938—1941 and 1944—1953 it was located in Kresty Prison
Designations of Russian artillery
Designations_of_Russian_artillery
Russian revolutionary and politician
Yakov Moiseevich Fishman (Russian: Яков Моисеевич Фишман, 1887 - July 12, 1961), was a Russian revolutionary and politician, previously a leader of the
Yakov_Moiseevich_Fishman
Austrian nuclear physicist (1908–1971)
by a decree of the Council of Ministers in 1946, and it was run as a Sharashka. In 1955, it was assimilated into a new, second nuclear weapons institute
Josef_Schintlmeister
German nuclear physicist (1910–1987)
exiles; this type of facility is known as a sharashka. (Laboratory B by lake Sungul was also a sharashka and working on the Soviet atomic bomb project
Walter_Herrmann_(physicist)
Soviet scientist and admiral
development of military communications systems while imprisoned in a sharashka, one of the "special design bureaus" of the NKVD. He was not convicted
Aksel_Berg
German nuclear physicist (1902–1983)
exiles; this type of facility is known as a Sharashka. (Laboratory B by Lake Sungul was also a sharashka and its personnel worked on the Soviet atomic
Ernst_Rexer
German chemist (1909–1987)
the Russian Alsos operation. The scientific staff of Laboratory B – a ShARAShKA – was both Soviet and German, the former being mostly political prisoners
Hans-Joachim_Born
Leonid Lvovich Kerber (Körber) (Russian: Леони́д Льво́вич Ке́рбер, 17 June 1903 – 9 October 1993) was a Soviet radio engineer, expert in aviation equipment
Leonid_Kerber
Increase in Russian treason and espionage prosecutions since 2022
2024 and 2025. T-invariant has drawn parallels with the concept of the sharashka, the Soviet-era prison laboratory in which convicted scientists were forced
Increase in treason and espionage prosecutions in Russia during the invasion of Ukraine
Increase_in_treason_and_espionage_prosecutions_in_Russia_during_the_invasion_of_Ukraine
Academy of Agricultural Sciences USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences Sharashkas Naukograds the Soviet Union portal Outline of Russia Soviet society Soviet
Outline_of_the_Soviet_Union
German physician and biologist (1913–76)
the Russian Alsos operation. The scientific staff of Laboratory B – a ShARAShKA – was both Soviet and German, the former being mostly political prisoners
Alexander_Catsch
Russian and Soviet aerospace engineer (1892–1944)
Nikolai Nikolaevich Polikarpov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Полика́рпов; 9 June [O.S. 28 May] 1892 – 30 July 1944) was a Soviet aeronautical engineer
Nikolai_Polikarpov
Soviet-Russian engineer
his death in 1963 Boris Semenovich worked at closed military factory ("Sharashka"). In 1950 the Jacob Rozval graduated 10 classes of secondary school with
Yakov_Rozval
Month of 1937
more than a year in prison Tupolev was transferred from prison to a "sharashka", a design facility for skilled prisoners, and freed in 1941 when the
October_1937
Geologists accused of sabotage
convicted geologists served their sentences in scientific-production "sharashkas", where exploration, research, prospecting, surveying, and development
Krasnoyarsk Geologists' Affair
Krasnoyarsk_Geologists'_Affair
sent to prison, some commentators had proposed reviving the concept of sharashkas, Soviet-era prison laboratories where convicted scientists were forced
Prosecution of Russian hypersonic scientists
Prosecution_of_Russian_hypersonic_scientists
SHARASHKA
SHARASHKA
SHARASHKA
SHARASHKA
Boy/Male
Tamil
Girl/Female
Indian
Boy/Male
Australian, Dutch, German, Netherlands, Teutonic
Strong Fighter; Ruler of the Army
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in Cheshire, first recorded in the 12th century as Pohenhale, from the genitive case of the Old English personal name Pohha + Old English halh ‘nook’, ‘recess’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Hensall in North Yorkshire, originally named with the unattested Old English personal name Heþīn or Old Scandinavian Heþinn + Old English halh ‘nook’.English : Huguenot surname, of unexplained origin, which was taken to England by a Protestant refugee who fled France after the Massacre of St. Bartholomew’s Day (24 August 1572) and settled in Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Girl/Female
Hebrew Slavic
Bitter.
Boy/Male
French
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
High Quality
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English
West Town; From the Western Settlement
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
She was Among the Early Muhajirs to Madina and a Distinguished Woman Comapnion; Daughter of Yaar Bin Zayd Al-ansariyah
SHARASHKA
SHARASHKA
SHARASHKA
SHARASHKA
SHARASHKA