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Type of programming language
Scientific programming language may refer to two related, yet distinct, concepts in computer programming. In a broad sense, it describes any programming
Scientific programming language
Scientific_programming_language
Language for controlling a computer
A programming language is an engineered language for expressing computer programs, typically allowing software to be written in a human readable manner
Programming_language
Topics referred to by the same term
Scientific programming may refer to: Scientific programming language, a family of programming languages Scientific Programming, an academic journal This
Scientific_programming
Programming language used in many domains
scientific, commercial, and systems programming. Indeed, a subset of PL/I was used as the standard systems programming language for the Multics operating system
General-purpose programming language
General-purpose_programming_language
Numerical analysis programming language
GNU Octave is a scientific programming language for scientific computing and numerical computation. Among other things, Octave can be used to solve linear
GNU_Octave
Programming language written graphically by a user
computing, a visual programming language (visual programming system, VPL, or, VPS), also known as diagrammatic programming, graphical programming or block coding
Visual_programming_language
General-purpose programming language
C is a general-purpose programming language created in the 1970s by Dennis Ritchie. By design, C gives the programmer relatively direct access to the features
C_(programming_language)
Programming language: compiled, structured, array language
F is a modular, compiled, numeric programming language, designed for scientific programming and scientific computation. F was developed as a modern Fortran
F_(programming_language)
Computer programming language from 1960s
(Combined Programming Language) is a multi-paradigm programming language developed in the early 1960s. It is an early ancestor of the C language via the
CPL_(programming_language)
Programming language with hardware abstraction
high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer. In contrast to low-level programming languages
High-level programming language
High-level_programming_language
Procedural, imperative computer programming language
In the 1950s and early 1960s, business and scientific users programmed using different programming languages, usually on different computer hardware. Business
PL/I
Applying operations to whole sets of values simultaneously
scientific and engineering settings. Modern programming languages that support array programming (also known as vector or multidimensional languages)
Array_programming
General-purpose programming language
a third-generation, compiled, imperative programming language designed for numeric computation and scientific computing. Fortran was originally developed
Fortran
Instructions a computer can execute
century. Early programs were written in the machine language specific to the hardware. The introduction of high-level programming languages in 1958 allowed
Software
High-level computer programming conceptualization
programming paradigm is a relatively high-level way to conceptualize and structure the implementation of a computer program. A programming language can
Programming_paradigm
Programming language
general-purpose, multi-paradigm, compiled imperative and declarative programming language developed by Huawei. It was first released on June 21, 2024, as part
Cangjie (programming language)
Cangjie_(programming_language)
Functional programming language for arrays
spreadsheets, functional programming, and computer math packages. It has also inspired several other programming languages. A mathematical notation for
APL_(programming_language)
General-purpose programming language
introductory programming language. Since 2003, Python has consistently ranked among the top ten most popular programming languages in the TIOBE Programming Community
Python_(programming_language)
Programming language
and procedural programming language, designed by Niklaus Wirth as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using
Pascal_(programming_language)
Programming language
IDL, short for Interactive Data Language, is a programming language used for data analysis. It is popular in particular areas of science, such as astronomy
IDL_(programming_language)
Programming paradigm based on applying and composing functions
functional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative programming paradigm
Functional_programming
Notable programming sources use terms like C-style, C-like, a dialect of C, having C-like syntax. The term curly bracket programming language denotes
List of C-family programming languages
List_of_C-family_programming_languages
Book by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie
The C Programming Language (sometimes termed K&R, after its authors' initials) is a computer programming book written by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie
The_C_Programming_Language
Approach to software development
Literate programming (LP) is a programming paradigm introduced in 1984 by Donald Knuth in which a computer program is given as an explanation of how it
Literate_programming
Open-source workflow language
open-source workflow language for large-scale scientific data analysis. It is a statically typed functional programming language promoting parallel computing
Cuneiform (programming language)
Cuneiform_(programming_language)
Type of programming paradigm in computer science
In computer science, imperative programming is a software programming paradigm that provides specific instructions for how computations should take place
Imperative_programming
Programming language
in publications as "PLANNER" although it is not an acronym) is a programming language designed by Carl Hewitt at MIT, and first published in 1969. First
Planner (programming language)
Planner_(programming_language)
Low-level programming language family
was commonplace for both systems programming and application programming to take place entirely in assembly language. While still irreplaceable for some
Assembly_language
Programming language
interpreters Procedural programming language — programming paradigm based on the concept of procedure calls General-purpose programming language — designed for
Outline of the C programming language
Outline_of_the_C_programming_language
Object-oriented programming language
Java is a high-level, general-purpose, memory-safe, object-oriented programming language. It is intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere (WORA)
Java_(programming_language)
SIGNAL is a programming language based on synchronized dataflow (flows + synchronization): a process is a set of equations on elementary flows describing
SIGNAL_(programming_language)
Programming language
Objective Caml) is a general-purpose, high-level, multi-paradigm programming language which extends the Caml dialect of ML with object-oriented features
OCaml
Programming language
Vala is an object-oriented programming language with a self-hosting compiler that generates an intermediate representation in C source code and uses the
Vala_(programming_language)
Computer language specialized to a specific set of requirements or function
domain-specific language is somewhere between a tiny programming language and a scripting language, and is often used in a way analogous to a programming library
Domain-specific_language
Dynamic programming language
Julia is a dynamic general-purpose programming language. As a high-level language, distinctive aspects of Julia's design include a type system with parametric
Julia_(programming_language)
Programming language and environment developed by Wolfram Research
computation, functional programming, and rule-based programming and can employ arbitrary structures and data. It is the programming language of the mathematical
Wolfram_Language
Z-level Programming Language is an array programming language designed to replace C and C++ programming languages in engineering and scientific applications
Z-level_programming_language
Software company in Canada
SVL or Scientific Vector Language is a programming language created by Chemical Computing Group. It was first released in 1994. SVL is the built-in command
Scientific_Vector_Language
General-purpose programming language
(class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. The principal designers of the C# programming language were Anders Hejlsberg, Scott Wiltamuth
C Sharp (programming language)
C_Sharp_(programming_language)
Concise notation for large or small numbers
precision numbers in scientific notation, and newer Fortran compilers use "Q" to signify quadruple precision. The MATLAB programming language supports the use
Scientific_notation
Programming language that uses first order logic
logic. Unlike many other programming languages, Prolog is intended primarily as a declarative programming language: the program is a set of facts and rules
Prolog
Stack-based programming language
Forth is a stack-oriented programming language and interactive integrated development environment designed by Charles H. "Chuck" Moore and first used by
Forth_(programming_language)
Functional programming language
Pure, successor to the equational language Q, is a dynamically typed, functional programming language based on term rewriting. It has facilities for user-defined
Pure_(programming_language)
Overview of and topical guide to Python
productivity. Programming language — artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a machine. Object-oriented programming — built primarily
Outline of the Python programming language
Outline_of_the_Python_programming_language
some programming languages have been specifically designed for artificial intelligence (AI) applications. Nowadays, many general-purpose programming languages
List of programming languages for artificial intelligence
List_of_programming_languages_for_artificial_intelligence
Programming languages are used for controlling the behavior of a machine (often a computer). Like natural languages, programming languages follow rules
Comparison of programming languages
Comparison_of_programming_languages
Type whose definition depends on a value
logic's quantifiers like "for all" and "there exists". In functional programming languages like Agda, ATS, Rocq (previously known as Coq), F*, Epigram, Idris
Dependent_type
Handheld calculator operating system
handheld calculator operating system and application programming language used on Hewlett-Packard's scientific graphing RPN (Reverse Polish Notation) calculators
RPL_(programming_language)
Process to create executable computer programs
programming usually requires expertise in several different subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, details of programming languages
Computer_programming
Programming paradigm based on formal logic
Logic programming is a programming, database, and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logical
Logic_programming
Software system for statistical models
uncertainty. Programming languages following the probabilistic programming paradigm are referred to as "probabilistic programming languages" (PPLs). Probabilistic
Probabilistic_programming
Library for numerical analysis in C and C++
science. The GSL is written in C; wrappers are available for other programming languages. The GSL is part of the GNU Project and is distributed under the
GNU_Scientific_Library
Pseudoscientific approach to psychotherapy
Neuro-linguistic programming at Wiktionary Media related to Neuro-linguistic programming at Wikimedia Commons Quotations related to Neuro-linguistic programming at
Neuro-linguistic_programming
List of programming software
This list of JVM languages comprises notable computer programming languages that are used to produce computer software that runs on the Java Virtual Machine
List_of_JVM_languages
Description of an algorithm that resembles a computer program
attempts to bring elements of natural language grammar into computer programming have produced programming languages such as HyperTalk, Lingo, AppleScript
Pseudocode
An educational programming language (EPL) is a programming language used primarily as a learning tool, and a starting point before transitioning to more
List of educational programming languages
List_of_educational_programming_languages
Arbitrary-precision calculator supporting interactive and scripted use
language is traditionally written as a program in the dc programming language to provide a higher level of access to the features of the dc language without
Bc_(programming_language)
Family of programming languages
Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use. The original version was created by John
BASIC
Simulation language & graphical notation
purpose programming language, users could specify a system's equations in a special simulation language and get simulation output from one program execution
DYNAMO_(programming_language)
Yorick is an interpreted programming language designed for numerics, graph plotting, and steering large scientific simulation codes. It is quite fast
Yorick_(programming_language)
Ability of a computing system to simulate Turing machines
(such as a model of computation, a computer's instruction set, a programming language, or a cellular automaton) is said to be Turing-complete or computationally
Turing_completeness
Rust software and development tools
programming tools for the Rust programming language, including IDEs, compilers, libraries, verification and debugging tools, numerical and scientific
List of Rust software and tools
List_of_Rust_software_and_tools
Library for creating visualizations in Python
MATLAB, plot, and library) is a plotting library for the Python programming language and its numerical mathematics extension NumPy. It provides an object-oriented
Matplotlib
Programming language
Algorithmic Language 1968) is an imperative programming language member of the ALGOL family that was conceived as a successor to the ALGOL 60 language, designed
ALGOL_68
Programming language developed in 1957
an early programming language developed at IBM. It was intended as the business programming equivalent of the scientific programming language FORTRAN (FORmula
COMTRAN
community metaphor in 1981 and 1982 involved the development of a programming language named Ether that invoked procedural plans to process goals and assertions
Scientific_community_metaphor
Ada software and development tools
programming tools for the Ada programming language, including IDEs, compilers, libraries, verification and debugging tools, numerical and scientific computing
List of Ada software and tools
List_of_Ada_software_and_tools
Code debugging method
as a powerful method for solving problems. Computer programming portal Code review Pair programming Socratic method Desk checking Duck test Duck typing
Rubber_duck_debugging
Programming language which first appeared in 1990
Aldor is a programming language. It is the successor of A# as the extension language of the Axiom computer algebra system. Aldor combines imperative,
Aldor
Software that translates code from one programming language to another
in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate
Compiler
Programming paradigm
Differentiable programming is a programming paradigm in which a numeric computer program can be differentiated throughout via automatic differentiation
Differentiable_programming
Type of machine learning model
towards automatic programming. Services such as GitHub Copilot offer LLMs specifically trained, fine-tuned, or prompted for programming. In computational
Large_language_model
Open source data science software
standards, and services for interactive computing across multiple programming languages. It was spun off from IPython in 2014 by its Seven Founding Members:
Project_Jupyter
Academic journal
on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS) is a quarterly, open access, peer-reviewed scientific journal on the topic of programming languages published
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems
ACM_Transactions_on_Programming_Languages_and_Systems
Software library and scripting language
object-oriented programming style constructs. As a reflection of Davis's background in physics and professional interest in scientific computing, the language natively
S-Lang
Alphabetical list of scientific disciplines
particular problem [citation needed] Scientific programming – Language for controlling a computer – study of programming [citation needed][relevant?] Scripophily –
Index_of_branches_of_science
Programming language environment
Ch Programming Language". Scientific Programming: 76–106. Cheng, Harry (1993). "Scientific Computing in the Ch Programming Language". Scientific Programming:
Ch_(computer_programming)
American multinational technology company
laboratory programmed an IBM 704 not merely to play checkers but "learn" from its own experience. In 1957, the FORTRAN scientific programming language was announced
IBM
Programming language
Ratfor programming language, a preprocessor for Fortran designed to give it C-like capabilities. Fortran was widely used for scientific programming but had
Ratfor
Computer programmer and co-creator of Go
the Limbo programming language. Pike also developed lesser systems such as the Newsqueak concurrent programming language and the vismon program for displaying
Rob_Pike
Danish computer scientist, creator of C++ (born 1950)
scientist, known for the development of the C++ programming language. He led the Large-scale Programming Research department at Bell Labs, served as a professor
Bjarne_Stroustrup
Mathematical computing environment
symbolic and numeric computing environment as well as a multi-paradigm programming language. It covers several areas of technical computing, such as symbolic
Maple_(software)
Using concrete examples to teach computers behaviors
computer science, programming by example (PbE), also termed programming by demonstration or more generally as demonstrational programming, is an end-user
Programming_by_example
is a programming language developed circa 1974 by R.C. Holt, D.B. Wortman, D.T. Barnard and J.R. Cordy as a subset of the PL/I programming language designed
SP/k
Numerical computing environment and programming language
MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory) is a proprietary multi-paradigm programming language and numeric computing environment developed by MathWorks. MATLAB allows
MATLAB
Programming language
(GF) is a programming language for writing grammars of natural languages. GF is capable of parsing and generating texts in several languages simultaneously
Grammatical Framework (programming language)
Grammatical_Framework_(programming_language)
The Associative Programming Language (APL) is a database language developed by General Motors Research Laboratories in 1966. APL was developed to provide
Associative Programming Language
Associative_Programming_Language
Python library for machine learning
is a free and open-source machine learning library for the Python programming language. It features various classification, regression and clustering algorithms
Scikit-learn
Model of concurrent computation
quantum mechanics.[citation needed] It was also influenced by the programming languages Lisp, Simula, early versions of Smalltalk, capability-based systems
Actor_model
Canadian computer scientist (born 1942)
book The AWK Programming Language 1985: The AMPL programming language 1988: The pic typesetting language for troff The Elements of Programming Style (1974
Brian_Kernighan
Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
Concurrent programming languages, libraries, APIs, and parallel programming models (such as algorithmic skeletons) have been created for programming parallel
Parallel_computing
Overview of and topical guide to Java
platform. Programming language – artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, more so a computer. Object-oriented programming – built
Outline of the Java programming language
Outline_of_the_Java_programming_language
Programming language
CAL, short for Conversational Algebraic Language, was a programming language and system designed and developed by Butler Lampson at Berkeley in 1967 for
CAL_(programming_language)
Integrated development environment for R
IDE (or RStudio) is an integrated development environment for R, a programming language for statistical computing and graphics. It's available in two formats:
RStudio
U.S. scientific conference
History of Programming Languages (HOPL) is an infrequent ACM SIGPLAN conference. It has been held in 1978, 1993, 2007, and 2021. HOPL I was held June
History of Programming Languages (conference)
History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)
Numerical programming library for the OCaml programming language
designed and developed in the functional programming language OCaml. As a unique functional programming language, OCaml offers runtime efficiency, flexible
Owl_Scientific_Computing
Overview of and topical guide to computer science
programming paradigms, such as object-oriented programming. Programming language theory – Theory of programming language design Formal semantics – rigorous mathematical
Outline_of_computer_science
Topics referred to by the same term
ZPL (programming language), for scientific applications Zebra Programming Language, for label printers Zope Public License Lachixío Zapotec language (ISO
ZPL
American scientific software company
NV5 Geospatial Software, Inc. IDL (Interactive Data Language) is a scientific programming language used in particular areas of science, such as astronomy
NV5_Geospatial_Solutions
Software projects developed at universities
including software, programming languages, operating systems, web browsers, computer graphics tools, database systems, scientific computing software,
List of software developed at universities
List_of_software_developed_at_universities
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Christian, English, German, Indian
Hay Clearing; Hay Meadow; Field of Hay; Usually a Surname; Ingenious; Scientific; Ingenious or Scientific
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from a Germanic personal name composed of
the elements haim, heim ‘home’ + rīc ‘power’,
‘ruler’, introduced to England by the Normans in the form
Henri. During the Middle Ages this name became enormously
popular in England and was borne by eight kings. Continental forms of
the personal name were equally popular throughout Europe (German
Heinrich, French Henri, Italian Enrico and
Arrigo, Czech Jindřich, etc.). As an American family
name, the English form Henry has absorbed patronymics and many
other derivatives of this ancient name in continental European
languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.) In the period in
which the majority of English surnames were formed, a common English
vernacular form of the name was Harry, hence the surnames
Harris (southern) and Harrison (northern). Official
documents of the period normally used the Latinized form
Henricus. In medieval times, English Henry absorbed an
originally distinct Old English personal name that had hagan
‘hawthorn’. Compare Hain 2 as its first element, and there has
also been confusion with Amery.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hInnéirghe ‘descendant of
Innéirghe’, a byname based on éirghe
‘arising’.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac ÉinrÃ
or Mac Einri, patronymics from the personal names
ÉinrÃ, Einri, Irish forms of Henry. It is
also found as a variant of McEnery.Jewish (American) : Americanized form of various like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish names.A bearer of the name from the Touraine region of France is
documented in Quebec city in 1667. Another (also called
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : patronymic from Jack 1. As an American surname this has absorbed other patronymics beginning with J- in various European languages.This extremely common British name was brought over by numerous different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. One forebear was the father and namesake of the seventh U.S. president, Andrew Jackson, who migrated to SC from Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland in 1765. The Confederate General Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson came from VA, where his great-grandfather John, likewise of Scotch–Irish stock, had settled after emigrating to America in 1748.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
Girl/Female
Sikh
Body, Elder sister
Boy/Male
British, English, Greek
Alexander's Son; Defender of Mankind
Male
Irish
Irish Gaelic byname DEAS-MHUMHAN means "man from south Munster."
Boy/Male
English
Stream. Place-name and surname. Flint stone produces a spark of fire when struck by steel.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Limitless
Girl/Female
Bengali, Indian
Forest of Honey
Boy/Male
Spanish
Hairy.
Boy/Male
Tamil
First
Girl/Female
Greek Hawaiian
Light.
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Jewish
I have You; You are Main
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING-LANGUAGE
n.
A variety; -- used in giving scientific names, and often abbreviated to var.
n.
Scientific examination of the cranium.
n.
One engaged in the scientific measurement of light.
a.
Scientific.
n.
That theory which limits positive or scientific knowledge to phenomena only, whether material or spiritual.
a.
Of or pertaining to science; used in science; as, scientific principles; scientific apparatus; scientific observations.
adv.
In a scientific manner; according to the rules or principles of science.
n.
A meeting or assembly for conversation, particularly on literary or scientific subjects.
n.
An associate in labor, especially in literary or scientific labor.
a.
Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules or principles of science; as, a scientific classification; a scientific arrangement of fossils.
n.
A literary or scientific association or club.
n.
Hence: The scientific knowledge of mental phenomena; mental philosophy; psychology.
n.
Scientific determination of any kind; the concise description of characterization of a species.
n.
Knowledge of wine, scientific or practical.
n.
The science, or the scientific treatment, of synonymous words.
n.
A scientific account or discussion of rivers; a treatise on rivers; potamography.
a.
The results of wise judgments; scientific or practical truth; acquired knowledge; erudition.
a.
Having a knowledge of science, or of a science; evincing science or systematic knowledge; as, a scientific chemist; a scientific reasoner; a scientific argument.
n.
One who reads lectures on scientific subjects.
n.
One learned in science; a scientific investigator; one devoted to scientific study; a savant.