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Philosophical concept
Scientific imperialism is a term that appears to have been coined by Ellis T. Powell when addressing the Commonwealth Club of Canada on 8 September 1920
Scientific_imperialism
Cultural aspects of imperialism
Cultural imperialism (also cultural colonialism) is the imposition by a dominant group of its own culture onto another community. As a mode of imperialism, it
Cultural_imperialism
Pseudoscientific justification for racism
health Race and intelligence Scientific imperialism Garrod, Joel Z. (2006). "A Brave Old World: An Analysis of Scientific Racism and BiDil". McGill Journal
Scientific_racism
View that science is the best/only truth
morality Science wars Scientific management Scientific mythology Scientific realism Scientific reductionism Scientific imperialism Scientific skepticism Scientistic
Scientism
Expansion of American political, economic, and military influence
American imperialism is the exercise of power by the United States outside its borders. The United States expanded its territory initially via conquest
American_imperialism
Colonial expansion in late 19th and early 20th centuries
In historical contexts, New Imperialism characterizes a period of colonial expansion primarily by the major western powers as well as the Empire of Japan
New_Imperialism
Extension of rule over foreign nations
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and
Imperialism
Political stance in opposition to interventionist or expansionist policies
Anti-imperialism in political science and international relations is opposition to imperialism or neocolonialism. Anti-imperialist sentiment typically
Anti-imperialism
Transfer of a dominant language to other people as a demonstration of power
Linguistic imperialism or language imperialism is defined as "the transfer of a dominant language to other people". This language transfer, or more accurately
Linguistic_imperialism
Leninist description of certain ideologies
As a political term, social imperialism is the political ideology of people, parties, or nations that are, according to Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin,
Social_imperialism
German professor and university president
Is the Behavioral Approach a Form of Scientific Imperialism?: An Analysis of Law and Policy. Scientific Imperialism Exploring the Boundaries of Interdisciplinarity
Robert_Lepenies
Theory of capitalism and globalization
Theories of imperialism offer a range of theoretical approaches to understanding (for example) the expansion of capitalism into new areas, the unequal
Theories_of_imperialism
1902 book by John A. Hobson
Imperialism: A Study (1902), by John A. Hobson, is a politico-economic discourse about the negative financial, economic, and moral aspects of imperialism
Imperialism_(Hobson_book)
Facility for scientific research
conduct their research through imperial scientific explorations. This time period occurred within the time of imperialism and colonial expansion which began
Research_station
Expansion of China's political, economic, military, and cultural influence
Chinese imperialism is the expansion of political, economic, cultural, media, and military power or control by the People's Republic of China outside
Chinese_imperialism
1999 video game
Imperialism II: Age of Exploration is a turn-based strategy computer game developed by Frog City Software and published by Strategic Simulations, Inc
Imperialism II: Age of Exploration
Imperialism_II:_Age_of_Exploration
Political phenomenon
Green imperialism (also called eco-imperialism, eco-colonialism, or environmental imperialism) is a derogatory epithet alluding to what is perceived as
Green_imperialism
Concept of foreign species aiding colonization by disrupting local ecology
Ecological imperialism is an explanatory concept, introduced by Alfred Crosby, that points out the contribution of European biological species such as
Ecological_imperialism
Use of nuclear technology to exert imperial dominance
Nuclear imperialism is a phrase that describes an intersection of imperialism and nuclear weapons technology. It can have multiple meanings: Domination
Nuclear_imperialism
Age versus math ability
A 2014 review of the wider literature on age and scientific creativity found that great scientific output typically peaks in middle age, with wide variation
Age and mathematical productivity
Age_and_mathematical_productivity
Book by Hannah Arendt examining Nazism and Stalinism
global in its orientation. She then discusses scientific racism and its role in colonialist imperialism, which was itself characterized by unlimited territorial
The Origins of Totalitarianism
The_Origins_of_Totalitarianism
1870s–1914 European colonisation of Africa
during the late 19th and early 20th centuries through the era of "New Imperialism". Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom
Scramble_for_Africa
Australian philosopher
Underpinnings of Climate Economics Scientific Imperialism: Exploring the Boundaries of Interdisciplinarity Scientific imperialism Business ethics Economics of
Adrian_Walsh
Social-political-economic theory
Scientific socialism in Marxism is the application of historical materialism to the development of socialism, as not just a practical and achievable outcome
Scientific_socialism
Principle in the philosophy of technology
representation Yuasa phenomenon Critiques Academic imperialism Scientific imperialism Sociology of scientific ignorance Related fields Empirical sociology Mathematical
No innovation without representation
No_innovation_without_representation
Argument in experimental science
encouraged scientific research by allowing science to identify God's influence on the world and thus providing religious justification for scientific research
Merton_thesis
Theory on scientific activity
center of scientific activity moves from one country to another approximately every 80 to 100 years. Yuasa defined the center of scientific activity as
Yuasa_Phenomenon
Area in the international political economy of communications
Media imperialism is an area in the international political economy of communications research tradition that focuses on how "all Empires, in territorial
Media_imperialism
Well-known ideas are not often attributed
statistics Stephen M. Stigler has written about a "law of eponymy" whereby "no scientific discovery is named after its original discoverer." Examples: America was
Obliteration_by_incorporation
Term for Soviet foreign policy before 1989
policy towards Yugoslavia as Soviet imperialism. Another dimension of Soviet imperialism is cultural imperialism, the Sovietization of culture and education
Soviet_empire
Territories ruled by the United Kingdom
colonialism. In practice, American anti-communism prevailed over anti-imperialism, and therefore the United States supported the continued existence of
British_Empire
Literary genre
fiction that imagines advanced and futuristic changes in technology, scientific knowledge, or biological systems. The elements common to science fiction
Science_fiction
Void between celestial bodies
colony, preferring settlement because the first "confuses the issue with imperialism." Wheeling, Kate (Aug 14, 2019). "Outer Space Treaties Didn't Anticipate
Outer_space
Overseas territories controlled by France (1534–1980)
Francophonie Overseas France Postage stamps of the French colonies Timeline of imperialism Robert Aldrich, Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion
French_colonial_empire
Communist European political alliance
Treaty Organization (NATO), and challenging capitalist exploitation and imperialism. The ECA regards the EU as an imperialist bloc and is dedicated to the
European_Communist_Action
Dominance of states through indirect means
conditionalities. Neocolonialism is argued to take the form of economic imperialism, cultural imperialism and conditional aid to influence or control a developing country
Neocolonialism
c-15m 1984 Immigration in America's History c-11m January 4, 1960 Video Imperialism and European Expansion c-14m March 1, 1960 Video The Importance of Making
List_of_Coronet_Films_films
Country primarily in North America
a leader in technological innovation since the late 19th century and scientific research since the mid-20th century. Methods for producing interchangeable
United_States
Polish-German Marxist revolutionary (1871–1919)
international socialist movement, she is remembered for her writings on imperialism and revolution, and as a champion of socialist democracy. Born and raised
Rosa_Luxemburg
Act of detecting something new
Retrieved 19 October 2019. Alan Marshall (February 1995). "Development and imperialism in space". Space Policy. 11 (1): 41–52. Bibcode:1995SpPol..11...41M.
Discovery_(observation)
Social expectations in 19th century British Empire
numerous aspects and factors such as domesticity, economy, gender roles, imperialism, manners, religion, sporting competition, and much more. Some of these
Victorian_masculinity
Businessman (born 1971)
Society membership was criticized by 74 members over his alleged anti-scientific behavior and promotion of misinformation, prompting debates about the
Elon_Musk
Poem by the English poet Rudyard Kipling
become civilized (and Christianized). Kipling positively represents imperialism as the moral burden of the white race, who are divinely destined to "civilise"
The_White_Man's_Burden
Largest ocean on Earth
the Pacific Ocean during European Exploration, circa 1702–1707 Growing imperialism during the 19th century resulted in the occupation of much of Oceania
Pacific_Ocean
Country in northwestern Europe
Retrieved 22 July 2009. p. 319. Louis, Wm. Roger (2006). Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez and Decolonization. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-84511-347-6
United_Kingdom
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
areas became highly restive as the force of nationalism pushed against imperialism. The French took over Algeria and Tunisia. The Europeans all thought
Ottoman_Empire
Israeli historian of science (born 1967)
communism is viewed primarily as a political ideology or as a cultural imperialism. To shed light on this issue, he examines the development of the communist
Avner_Ben-Zaken
Proposition that visual inscriptions are central to scientific practice
correlations between the level of graph use in scientific publications and the perceived "hardness" of scientific disciplines. The graphism thesis emerged from
Graphism_thesis
British Liberal Party faction
Liberalism must give way to the new ideas of "National Efficiency" and imperialism. The grouping came to prominence shortly after the failed Jameson Raid
Liberal_Imperialists
Country in North America
James Stuart; Shadle, Robert (1991). Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-3132-6257-9. Rayburn
Canada
Scientific study of human society and relationships
Sociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on human social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and aspects
Sociology
Country in Southeastern Europe and West Asia
Retrieved 28 May 2016. Donald Bloxham (2005). The Great Game of Genocide: Imperialism, Nationalism, And the Destruction of the Ottoman Armenians. Oxford University
Turkey
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
crucial role in "tempering the worst impulses of Western capitalism and imperialism" that in the post-Cold War era is "no longer restrained by a competing
Soviet_Union
President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)
2025). "Trump, the 'America First' candidate, has a new preoccupation: Imperialism". AP News. Retrieved January 28, 2025. Erlanger, Steven (January 7, 2026)
Donald_Trump
Economic policy emphasizing exports
and justified damage to the enemy's economy. Mercantilism fueled the imperialism of this era, as many nations expended significant effort to conquer new
Mercantilism
Country in West Asia
Middle East, 1945–1951: Arab Nationalism, the United States, and Postwar Imperialism. Oxford University Press. p. 430. Kushner, Harvey W. (2003). Encyclopedia
Israel
1913 book by Rosa Luxemburg
cause of imperialism. I am following up the economic aspects of this concept ... it will be a strictly scientific explanation of imperialism and its contradictions
The_Accumulation_of_Capital
West Germanic language
has led to concerns about language death, and to claims of linguistic imperialism, and has provoked resistance to the spread of English; however, the number
English_language
1901 novel by George Griffith
large number of works of fiction around the turn of the century—and imperialism. British aristocrat Rollo Lenox Smeaton Aubrey, the Earl of Redgrave
A_Honeymoon_in_Space
Spheres of influence of an empire arising without formal annexation
driven by the free trade economic system of the Empire. In the so-called "Imperialism of Free Trade" thesis, as articulated by historians Ronald Robinson and
Informal_empire
Branch of science that studies society and its relationships
domain of economics in the social sciences has been described as economic imperialism. A distinction is usually drawn between the social sciences and the humanities
Social_science
Global conflict from 1914 to 1918
withdrawal into splendid isolation, the decline of the Ottoman Empire, New Imperialism, and the rise of Prussia under Otto von Bismarck. Victory in the 1870–1871
World_War_I
California Press. pp. 3–6. ISBN 978-0-520-07233-6. "European Migration and Imperialism". historydoctor.net. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010.
History_of_Europe
1898 science fiction novel by H. G. Wells
been variously interpreted as a commentary on the theory of evolution, imperialism, and Victorian era fears, superstitions and prejudices. Wells later noted
The_War_of_the_Worlds
Country in Southeastern Europe
November 2020. Hodge, Carl Cavanagh (2008). Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-313-04341-3
Greece
American political party
who represented mercantile, banking, and railroad interests; opposed imperialism and overseas expansion; fought for the gold standard; opposed bimetallism;
Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic_Party_(United_States)
"New Imperialism": Analysis of Late Nineteenth Century Expansion (1976). Hugh Seton-Watson, The new imperialism (1971) Parker Thomas Moon, Imperialism and
History_of_colonialism
Political party in Italy
of the post-PCI Italian left. The FC adopts a Leninist definition of imperialism, and argues that contemporary conflicts should be understood primarily
Communist_Front_(Italy)
Syrian state from 1963 to 2024
imperialism in its international and human framework and considered the socialist camp a positive, active force in the struggle against imperialism.
Ba'athist_Syria
Economic system based on private ownership
rapid population growth created sustained demand for commodities. The imperialism of the 18th-century decisively shaped globalization. After the First
Capitalism
US political organization
"catch-all" communist caucus that emphasizes police abolition and anti-imperialism, pursuing both electoral campaigns and collaboration with activists outside
Democratic Socialists of America
Democratic_Socialists_of_America
Archipelagic country in Southeast Asia
influenced churches, after Spanish Colonialism was replaced by the American Imperialism. Other Christian denominations include Iglesia ni Cristo, the Philippine
Philippines
American political party
against environmental regulation, with many Republicans rejecting the scientific consensus on climate change. Republican voters are divided over the human
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
Country in Southern and Western Europe
"mutilated victory" as a "political myth", used by fascists to fuel Italian imperialism. Italy gained a permanent seat in the League of Nations's executive council
Italy
English economist, social scientist and critic of imperialism (1858–1940)
economist and social scientist. Hobson is best known for his writing on imperialism, which influenced Vladimir Lenin, and his theory of underconsumption
J._A._Hobson
Control by distant groups
the fact that the term is often used as a synonym for imperialism. Both colonialism and imperialism were forms of conquest that were expected to benefit
Colonialism
Race or ethnic-based discrimination
as a relatively modern concept, evolving during the European age of imperialism, transformed by capitalism, and the Atlantic slave trade, of which it
Racism
2001 terror attacks in the U.S.
have developed illnesses as a result of the toxic dust. There is also scientific speculation that exposure to toxic products in the air may have negative
September_11_attacks
East German party research institute
This includes former Politburo member Herbert Häber (Institute for Imperialism Research) and Manfred Uschner (Institute for Marxist–Leninist Philosophy)
Academy for Social Sciences at the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Academy_for_Social_Sciences_at_the_Central_Committee_of_the_Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany
post-Cold War arrogance led to an underestimating of Russian and Chinese imperialism. 3886 34 April 16 Dulcé Sloan Mayan Lopez Lopez vs. Lopez "America's
List of The Daily Show episodes (2024)
List_of_The_Daily_Show_episodes_(2024)
Records of Earth's people
grew rich and powerful, facilitating a second great wave of European imperialism in the 19th century." McNeill & Pomeranz 2015a, p. 336 Bulliet et al
Human_history
French sociologist and AIDS activist (1937–2023)
served as president of AIDES from 1984 to 1991. Defert was a member of the scientific committee for human sciences of the International Conference on AIDS (1986–94);
Daniel_Defert
Scottish computer scientist and economist
Glasgow. Since 1993, he has authored multiple works in the tradition of scientific socialism, most notably Towards a New Socialism and How the World Works
Paul_Cockshott
Era in Chinese history (c. 1839–1940s)
culture. During the 19th and 20th centuries, foreign powers practiced imperialism in China through the imposition of unequal treaties, opening of treaty
Century_of_humiliation
American author and humorist (1835–1910)
uncollected writings on anti-imperialism appeared for the first time in book form in 1992. Twain was critical of imperialism in other countries as well
Mark_Twain
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
and Sindh. The Early Muslim conquests have been described as Islamic imperialism. The Umayyads struggled with a lack of legitimacy and relied on a heavily
Islam
American political party
option". From its ideological framework, the Communist Party understands imperialism as the pinnacle of capitalist development: the state, working on behalf
Communist_Party_USA
British historian (1955–2020)
Western Environmentalism. Scientific American 267 (1): 42–47. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0792-42. Grove, R.H. 1995. Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion
Richard_Grove
Multiple states under one central authority, usually created by conquest
conception of imperialism was New Imperialism, where the qualifier "new" differentiated the contemporary imperialism from earlier imperialism, such as the
Empire
Group of pseudoscientific theories and societal practices
struggle between national or racial groups, support eugenics, racism, imperialism and/or fascism. Today, scientists generally consider social Darwinism
Social_Darwinism
Period in European history, 1871–1914
and affluence. French imperialism was in its prime. It was a cultural center of global influence; its educational, scientific and medical institutions
Belle_Époque
Effort to improve purported human genetic quality
support, but by the mid 20th century the term was closely associated with scientific racism and authoritarian coercion. With modern medical genetics, genetic
Eugenics
Variety of Marxism developed by Leon Trotsky
the strengthening of the position of the trade union agents of British imperialism after the General Strike of 1926, and, finally, the general weakening
Trotskyism
1798–1801 campaign during the War of the Second Coalition
contemporary academic circles to be "the first act of modern European imperialism" and also criticised for its role in shaping the civilizing mission narrative
French invasion of Egypt and Syria
French_invasion_of_Egypt_and_Syria
Irish diplomat, activist, nationalist and poet (1864–1916)
colonial atrocities against indigenous peoples, Casement grew to mistrust imperialism. After retiring from consular service in 1913, he became more involved
Roger_Casement
German and American historian and philosopher (1906–1975)
of Stalinism and Nazism, structured as three essays, "Antisemitism", "Imperialism", and "Totalitarianism". This work includes, but is not limited to what
Hannah_Arendt
1956 quote by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev
ideological struggle between the proletariat and the aggressive forces of imperialism in the world arena". Later, on August 24, 1963, Khrushchev remarked in
We_will_bury_you
Country in West Asia
Indefensible: Democracy, Counterrevolution, and the Rhetoric of Anti-Imperialism. Chicago, Illinois: Haymarket Books. ISBN 978-1-60846-912-3. "Freedom
Syria
American "Maoist" group run by FBI
decried as moderate, "revisionist", "anti-revolutionary", and soft on imperialism. AHC wrote: "Comrades: The time has come to throw off the shackles of
Ad Hoc Committee for a Marxist-Leninist Party
Ad_Hoc_Committee_for_a_Marxist-Leninist_Party
Argentine revolutionary (1928–1967)
Third World's underdevelopment and dependence was an intrinsic result of imperialism, neocolonialism, and monopoly capitalism, with the only remedies being
Che_Guevara
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