AI & ChatGPT searches , social queriess for REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
Search references for REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES. Phrases containing REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
See searches and references containing REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES!
Search references for REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES. Phrases containing REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
See searches and references containing REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES!REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
Kind of typeface or custom lettering
A reverse-contrast or reverse-stress letterform is a typeface or custom lettering where the stress is reversed from the norm, meaning that the horizontal
Reverse-contrast_typefaces
Set of characters that share common design features
developed constantly. The profession of designing typefaces is called type design. Designers of typefaces are called type designers and are often employed
Typeface
Face designed for use at large sizes
body text. Display typefaces will often have more eccentric and variable designs than the simple, relatively restrained typefaces generally used for body
Display_typeface
Geometric sans-serif typeface
Germany ideologies were on the rise, typefaces were a strong indicator of culture and national identity. Roman typefaces were rising in popularity, and they
Futura_(typeface)
Type of serif typeface
such as ball terminals. Clarendon typefaces, unlike other slab serifs, actually have some bracketing and some contrast in size in the actual serif: the
Slab_serif
Classification of serif typefaces
of slab-serif typefaces, and these later designs are often called French Clarendon designs. Note that the classification of typefaces as "transitional"
Didone_(typography)
Slab serif typeface
lettering and typefaces originated in Britain in the early nineteenth century, at a time of rapid development of new, bolder typefaces for posters and
Clarendon_(typeface)
Humanist sans-serif typeface
[ˈfruːtɪɡər]) is a series of typefaces named after its Swiss designer, Adrian Frutiger. Frutiger is a humanist sans-serif typeface, intended to be clear and
Frutiger_(typeface)
Typeface family
serif typefaces, named for sixteenth-century Parisian engraver Claude Garamond, generally spelled as Garamont in his lifetime. Garamond-style typefaces are
Garamond
White text on dark background
half-erased button or plate remains readable. Negative space Reverse-contrast typefaces Type color Lawler, Brian P. (25 October 2005). Official Adobe
Reversing_type
Natural number
modern Western typefaces, the digit 3, like the other decimal digits, has the height of a capital letter, and sits on the baseline. In typefaces with text
3
Seventh letter of the Latin alphabet
handwriting and typefaces based on it, especially in texts intended to be read by children; it is the style used by most sans-serif typefaces, such as Helvetica
G
Swiss typeface designer (1928–2015)
designed the typefaces Président, Méridien, and Ondine. In addition, Charles Peignot set Frutiger to work upon converting extant typefaces for the new
Adrian_Frutiger
Style of display typeface and lettering
contra-italic versions. Other display typefaces also proliferated following their lead; reverse-contrast typefaces, introduced by 1821, may be seen as an
Fat_face
Glyph variant of numeral 0 (zero) with slash
ellipse. This contrasts with the Scandinavian vowel "Ø", the empty set symbol "∅", and the diameter symbol "⌀". Conversely, Japanese typefaces frequently
Slashed_zero
Art of designing typefaces and fonts
typefaces. There are also variables that type designers take into account when creating typefaces. These design variables are style, weight, contrast
Type_design
Movable type made out of wood
became popular during the nineteenth century for making large display typefaces for printing posters, because it was lighter and cheaper than large sizes
Wood_type
Form of writing, left-to-right and right-to-left in alternate lines
which alternate lines of writing are reversed, with letters also written in reverse, mirror-style. This is in contrast to modern European languages, where
Boustrophedon
Font style with cursive typeface and slanted design
and Genzsch & Heyse offered serif typefaces with oblique rather than italic designs, especially display typefaces but these designs (such as Genzsch
Italic_type
Font
influential across Europe, making it a centre for the creation of new typefaces. He developed a second career as a punchcutter, an engraver of the punches
Ehrhardt_(typeface)
Visual representation of Thai script
advertising and as display typefaces, though its use as body-text font has been controversial. Classification systems of Thai typefaces—primarily based on the
Thai_typography
English type foundry, founded c. 1720
specimen introduced a reverse-contrast typeface design, the first known, which it named 'Italian'. It had also issued new Greek typefaces by 1821 influenced
Caslon_Type_Foundry
Geometric sans-serif typeface
default weight. While many geometric sans-serif typefaces have been released to compete with the popular typeface Futura, Century Gothic is perhaps unique in
Century_Gothic
Font with glyphs of fixed-size widths
accomplished only with the predictability of fixed width. List of monospaced typefaces Duospaced font Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols This definition does
Monospaced_font
Italian printing press manufacturer and former type foundry
Gaelic type Insular Uncial Specialist Record type Display typeface script fat face reverse-contrast Punctuation (List) Bullet Dash Hanging punctuation Hyphen
Nebiolo_Printech
Open-source Unicode typefaces GNU Unifont – Duospaced bitmap font List of radicals in Unicode List of Unicode fonts List of typefaces Typographic unit Unicode
List_of_Unicode_characters
Typographical distinction
different typefaces that achieve the effect. The letter 'w', for example, looks quite different in italic compared to upright. As a result, typefaces therefore
Emphasis_(typography)
Glyph combining two or more letterforms
s" (ſs). Since German was mostly set in blackletter typefaces until the 1940s, and those typefaces were rarely set in uppercase, a capital version of the
Ligature_(writing)
Ease with which a reader can decode symbols
from easy legibility for these purposes. Corresponding typefaces are called display typefaces. The legibility of visual displays (e.g. text) depends on:
Legibility
commonly used typefaces were based on blackletter scripts, a tradition that lasted until the 20th century, an example of the later typefaces used is fraktur
History_of_the_Latin_script
Font designed to aid retention of the content written using it
and Humanist typefaces, in the traditions of the International Typographic Style and resembles an obscured and disjointed form of a typeface such as Futura
Sans_forgetica
Logographic writing system
characters may use different typefaces, of which there are four broad classes in use: Song (宋体; 宋體) or Ming (明体; 明體) typefaces—with "Song" generally used
Chinese_characters
1988 English studio album by Morrissey
within this sphere; he's more relaxed, and more exciting." Morrissey also contrasted the "aggressive" musicianship of Marr with Street's "gentle side," describing
Viva_Hate
Private press founded by designer William Morris in 1891
Society of Arts, complained that new typefaces were thin, harsh, and lacking dignity compared to old-face typefaces like Caslon and those of Nicholas Jenson
Kelmscott_Press
Letter of the Latin alphabet
sharp zigzag of the letter ⟨z⟩, while the number is usually curved. Some typefaces use a form of ⟨3⟩ with a flat top, very similar (or virtually identical)
Ezh
User interface design language used in Apple's operating systems
makes use of system-wide typeface anti-aliasing to make edges appear smoother and preserve the distinct shapes of typefaces, sometimes at the cost of
Aqua_(user_interface)
British coin, denomination of the pound sterling
portrait. In August 2005 the Royal Mint launched a competition to find new reverse designs for all circulating coins apart from the £2 coin. The winner, announced
One_pound_coin
British current and historic coinage
the obverse; various national, regional and commemorative designs on the reverse; and the denomination in numbers or words. Elizabeth II The obverse carries
Coins_of_the_pound_sterling
Phonetic alphabet developed in the 1880s
were interested in a phonetic notation that could be easily created from typefaces of existing orthographies. This was seen as more practical and more cost-efficient
Americanist_phonetic_notation
Symbol (¶) to identify a paragraph
Unicode as U+00B6 ¶ PILCROW SIGN. In addition, Unicode also defines U+204B ⁋ REVERSED PILCROW SIGN, U+2761 ❡ CURVED STEM PARAGRAPH SIGN ORNAMENT, and U+2E3F
Pilcrow
System of phonetic notation
display IPA characters, provided that a typeface capable of doing so is available to the operating system. Typefaces that provide full IPA and nearly full
International Phonetic Alphabet
International_Phonetic_Alphabet
System to identify resources on a network
IPv6, the reverse lookup domain is ip6.arpa. The IP address is represented as a name in reverse-ordered octet representation for IPv4, and reverse-ordered
Domain_Name_System
Character encoding standard
task; such a venture passes the point of diminishing returns for most typefaces. Unicode partially addresses the newline problem that occurs when trying
Unicode
Study of signs
messages are transmitted, usually between distinct organisms. Semiotics, by contrast, concentrates on the meaning of messages and the creation of meaning, including
Semiotics
1986 murder in Los Angeles
served 12 years alongside Lazarus until her own murder conviction was reversed. In opposition, the board heard from Ruetten and some of Rasmussen's sisters
Murder_of_Sherri_Rasmussen
Writing system developed in 9th century Bulgaria
romanized: graždanskiy šrift, or гражданка, graždanka), in contrast to the prevailing church typeface, (Russian: церковнославя́нский шрифт, romanized: cerkovnoslavjanskiy
Early_Cyrillic_alphabet
Smallest writing units of Chinese characters
calligraphy—individual strokes are discrete and highly regularized. By contrast, the ancient seal script has line terminals within characters that are
Chinese_character_strokes
Airline of Taiwan
expansion and increased passenger volume was boosted by its safety record, in contrast to its primary competitor, China Airlines. In addition to receiving IOSA
EVA_Air
Former National Hockey League team (1967–1976)
including their six years in the WHL. The San Jose Sharks unveiled their Reverse Retro jersey based on the final years of the Golden Seals on October 20
California_Golden_Seals
2024 video game
both Persona 3 and Persona 4 (2008), although the player is still able to reverse them through choosing the protagonist's dismissive responses to interactions
Persona_3_Reload
English textile artist, author, and socialist (1834–1896)
textiles, and embroideries, over 150 for stained glass windows, three typefaces, and around 650 borders and ornamentations for the Kelmscott Press. He
William_Morris
Marks to indicate pacing of written text
were generally replaced by a single full-character-width space, with typefaces monospaced. In some cases, a typewriter keyboard did not include an exclamation
Punctuation
Punctuation or diacritical mark (')
apostrophe) and of the right single quotation mark. Later sans-serif typefaces had stylised apostrophes with a more geometric or simplified form, but
Apostrophe
with its hiragana reading is known as hiraki (開き, "opening"), while the reverse is called toji (閉じ, "closing"). Writing words in kanji might give them
Japanese_writing_system
Device that optically scans images, printed text
changes color when the electrode receives a pulse; the result is a reverse contrast (white-on-blue) reproduction of the original image. Bakewell's fax
Image_scanner
Punctuation mark used to join words
example, compare 4+3−2=5 (minus) and 4+3-2=5 (hyphen-minus) — in most typefaces, the glyph for hyphen-minus will not have the optimal width, thickness
Hyphen
Series of fantasy novels by J. K. Rowling
trouble is that one Harry Potter novel every few years is not enough to reverse the decline in reading." Many fan fiction and fan art works about Harry
Harry_Potter
Ancient clay cylinder with Akkadian cuneiform script
oppressor of the people of Babylonia and his low-born origins are implicitly contrasted to Cyrus' kingly heritage. The victorious Cyrus is portrayed as having
Cyrus_Cylinder
Chinese-based Vietnamese writing system
and under the Tây Sơn (1778–1802), but in both cases this was swiftly reversed. The use of Chinese characters to transcribe the Vietnamese language can
Chữ_Nôm
1980 studio album by Simple Minds
all Rs and Ns to resemble Cyrillic letters, the latter album, in contrast, reversed only the Rs.) Twenty years later, Empires and Dance would be cited
Empires_and_Dance
Document used to identify a person
Norwegian ID card from banks and some more. Bank ID cards are printed on the reverse of Norwegian debit cards. To get a bank ID card either a Nordic passport
Identity_document
American photographic and film company
July 8, 2011. "Notice of Commission Determination to Affirm in Part and Reverse in Part a Determination of No Violation of Section 337; Remand of the Investigation
Kodak
National Hockey League team in Toronto, Ontario
seventh game 3–1, completing the reverse-sweep. The Leafs remain the only team to have successfully performed a reverse-sweep in the Stanley Cup Final.
Toronto_Maple_Leafs
Computer program for working with tabular data
allow for secondary notation. The program can be annotated with colors, typefaces, lines, etc. to provide visual cues about the meaning of elements in the
Spreadsheet
National airline of Malaysia
Elevation platform, introduced in 2024. The seats will be configured in reverse herringbone design, in their new Airbus A330neo fleet. The Airbus A350
Malaysia_Airlines
Style for gender-neutral written German
Gaelic type Insular Uncial Specialist Record type Display typeface script fat face reverse-contrast Punctuation (List) Bullet Dash Hanging punctuation Hyphen
Binnen-I
Major League Baseball franchise in Cincinnati, Ohio
undershirts. The color scheme of the "C-REDS" logo on the home uniform was reversed, now red lettering on a white background. A new home cap was created that
Cincinnati_Reds
1966 studio album by the Beach Boys
stepwise patterns mirroring lyrical themes of emotional ambivalence. A reversed version appears in the closing of "Wouldn't It Be Nice", the instrumental
Pet_Sounds
Search engine from Google
show". CNET. Retrieved July 1, 2025. Whittaker, Zack (April 2, 2024). "'Reverse' searches: The sneaky ways that police tap tech companies for your private
Google_Search
Concept of copyright applied to computer code
software license Software license agreement Software patent Copyright on typefaces "Do I need to mark my work with the copyright symbol? - Canadian Intellectual
Software_copyright
Ocean around Antarctica
to a much weaker state outright, in a way which would be difficult to reverse and constitute an example of tipping points in the climate system. There
Southern_Ocean
Stage musical, based on the 1991 animated Disney film
Broadway, who argued that the production was more likely to be successful in reverse: "(The movie is) basically written as a theater piece. I'm sure it would've
Beauty and the Beast (musical)
Beauty_and_the_Beast_(musical)
American national daily newspaper
of a new publication called USA Today Sports. On January 24, 2011, to reverse a revenue slide, the paper introduced a tweaked format that modified the
USA_Today
Ancient script of Central and South Asia
the Semitic worlds before the rise of the Semitic scripts might imply a reverse process. However, the chronology thus presented and the notion of an unbroken
Brahmi_script
British 24-hour television news channel
headline straplines sharply contrasting with the background (drawing criticism for obscuring content) using the BBC Reith typeface with larger text. Despite
BBC_News_(British_TV_channel)
Japanese strategy board game
logograms to record texts in Old Japanese), usually in black ink. On the reverse side of each piece, other than the king and gold general, are one or two
Shogi
American political campaign
Politico. Retrieved August 9, 2016. Gold, Matea (July 21, 2016). "Trump reverses his opposition to super PACs and is now willing to headline events for
Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign
Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign
Country in Central Europe
facilities. They opted for a red cross on a white background, the exact reverse of the flag of neutral Switzerland. "Henry Dunant — Biographical". NobelPrize
Switzerland
Nighttime programming block on Nickelodeon
1995 year, much in the same vein as the 20th Anniversary logo in 2005 (in contrast, Nick at Nite did not make any acknowledgment of its 25th or 30th anniversaries
Nick_at_Nite
Passport issued to British nationals
information hidden on the official observations page and inner front cover. The reverse of the polycarbonate data page serves as the title page and features a
British_passport
Publishing arm of the University of Cambridge
ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 August 2017. "Cambridge University Press reverses China censorship move". BBC News. 21 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017
Cambridge_University_Press
American businessman (born 1973)
to print large posters cheaply with the use of inkjet cartridges—Page reverse-engineered the ink cartridge and built the electronics and mechanics to
Larry_Page
convicted. The driver appealed to the Montana Supreme Court. The Court reversed the conviction in case No. 97–486 on December 23, 1998; it held that a
Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction
Speed_limits_in_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction
German automotive manufacturer
brake interlock mechanisms to prevent inadvertent shifting into forward or reverse. It is unclear how the defects in the idle-stabilization system were addressed
Audi
2000 studio album by Marilyn Manson
vocalist said that the overarching story within the trilogy is presented in reverse chronological order: Holy Wood, therefore, begins the narrative. In the
Holy Wood (In the Shadow of the Valley of Death)
Holy_Wood_(In_the_Shadow_of_the_Valley_of_Death)
1997 video game
Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 106. Ziff Davis. p. 6. Holleman, Patrick (2018). Reverse Design: Final Fantasy VII. CRC Press. pp. 36–38. ISBN 9780429834523. Archived
Final_Fantasy_VII
Additions included: improvement of login management with the ability to reverse alpha sort (Name Z-A) in Lockwise, simple importing of bookmarks and history
Firefox_version_history
Labels on tobacco products warning of the negative impacts of smoking
prominently on tobacco products covering 15% of the obverse, 25% of the reverse and 20% of the sides of packs. According to the draft Control of Tobacco
Tobacco packaging warning messages
Tobacco_packaging_warning_messages
Association football tournament in Russia
26 October 2017. Steinberg, Brian (3 July 2018). "World Cup Strains to Reverse Sports-Viewing Trends". Variety. Archived from the original on 14 October
2018_FIFA_World_Cup
1981 home computer by Commodore
the uppercase/graphics character set and the upper/lowercase set, and reverse video versions of both. Normally, the VIC-20 operates in a mode whereby
VIC-20
2M And Al-Aoula Uses permanent on-screen DOGs for their TV channels. In contrast, other channels such as Medi 1 TV hide their DOGs during commercial breaks
Digital on-screen graphics by country
Digital_on-screen_graphics_by_country
Computer display mode based on characters
contains one of the characters of a character set; at the same time, contrasted to graphics mode or other kinds of computer graphics modes. Text mode
Text_mode
Japanese graphic designer (1930–2002)
career, he developed a Bodoni-inspired Mincho typeface called kōchō, which makes use of strong contrasts between thick and thin strokes, triangular uroko
Ikko_Tanaka
Used only in New York. Temporary use only. Described by the DPWH as a "reverse turn" sign. Unofficial versions exist. Top sign used in Victoria. Middle-top
Comparison of traffic signs in English-speaking territories
Comparison_of_traffic_signs_in_English-speaking_territories
Prefecture-level city in Xinjiang, China
manuscripts and manuscript fragments in 16 different languages and 26 different typefaces in different book forms. They are in the custody of the Berlin State Library
Turpan
Czech writer and illustrator (1902–1973)
updated map of Europe for the stage of the Osvobozené divadlo performance Reverse and Obverse (1936). After the death of his father in 1936, he became head
Adolf_Hoffmeister
British national daily newspaper
and emails complaining about its loss; within 24 hours the decision was reversed and the strip was reinstated the following week. G2 supplement editor Ian
The_Guardian
2015 Microsoft operating system version
Windows 10 adds three new default typefaces compared to Windows 8, but omits several others. The removed typefaces are available in supplemental packs
Windows_10
iOS, iPadOS, macOS
it has also included an integrated flashlight function to operate the reverse camera's flash LED as a flashlight. The flashlight feature is only available
Control_Center_(Apple)
Iroquoian language spoken by the Cherokee people
Cherokee for his ingenuity in the invention of the Cherokee Alphabet." The reverse side showed two long-stemmed pipes and the same inscription written in
Cherokee_language
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
Boy/Male
English
Name derived from a surname, and only used as a first name since the 19th century.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Striving, Contest
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Agreement; Covenant; Contract; Pact
Surname or Lastname
French
French : variant of Rivière, Rivoire, or Rivier, topographic name for someone living on the banks of a river, French rivier ‘bank’, or habitational name from any of the many places in France named with this word.English : nickname from Middle English revere ‘reiver’, ‘robber’.English : topographic name for someone who lived on the brow of a hill, from a misdivision of the Middle English phrase atter evere ‘at the brow or edge’ (from Old English yfer, efer ‘edge’) or a habitational name from a place named with this phrase, as for example River in West Sussex or Rivar in Wiltshire.Jewish (from Italy) : habitational name from a place in Mantua named Revere.The MA patriot Paul Revere (1734–1818), who in April 1775 undertook a famous ride from Boston to Lexington to warn of the approach of British troops, was a silversmith and instrument maker. He was descended from French Huguenots called Rivoire.
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France called Rivières, from the plural form of Old French rivière ‘river’ (originally meaning ‘riverbank’, from Latin riparia). The absence of English forms without the final -s makes it unlikely that it is ever from the borrowed Middle English vocabulary word river, but the French and other Romance cognates do normally have this sense.Common Americanized form of French Larivière. ire.
Boy/Male
Indian
Striving, Contest
Boy/Male
English
Strict. Restrained. Surname.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Sensible Contact
Male
English
Anglicized form of Welsh Rhys, REESE means "ardor, heat of passion."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metronymic from Sever.Dutch : variant of Sievers.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Lever 3.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Revell.
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
King Henry the Sixth, Part III' Lord Rivers, brother to Lady Grey. 'King Richard III' Earl...
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
Name Derived from a Surname
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on the edge of an escarpment, from Middle English evere ‘edge’, a word that is probably of Old English origin, though unattested.English : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Ever, from Old English Eofor ‘boar’.North German and Dutch : patronymic from Evert.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Revell.
Male
African
reversed.
Boy/Male
Dutch
Weaver.
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Severe; Strict
Girl/Female
British, English
Beaver-stream
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Noble Victory
Girl/Female
Spanish German
Stutters.
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly southern)
English (mainly southern) : from the Old French habitational name and personal name Paris (see Paris 1). Parrish is the most common form of the name in English, and is the result of confusion between -s and -sh (compare Norris), reinforced by folk etymological association with the modern English word parish. In the 17th and 18th centuries the surname was occasionally bestowed on foundlings brought up at the expense of the parish.
Girl/Female
Danish, Indian, Swedish
Singing
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English
Elfin; Good Elf
Boy/Male
Australian, French, Swiss, Vietnamese
Positiveness; Virility
Girl/Female
Hindu
Honor of victory
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Proud; Good; Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German
Flower
Girl/Female
Australian, German, Slavic
Great; Wondrous
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
REVERSE CONTRAST-TYPEFACES
a.
Alt. of Renverse
a.
To overthrow by a contrary decision; to make void; to under or annual for error; as, to reverse a judgment, sentence, or decree.
v. i.
To become or be reversed.
a.
Annulled and the contrary substituted; as, a reversed judgment or decree.
a.
In hostile opposition to; unfavorable; unpropitious; contrary to one's wishes; unfortunate; calamitous; afflictive; hurtful; as, adverse fates, adverse circumstances, things adverse.
v. t.
To reverse.
n.
One who reverses.
a.
Turned backward; having a contrary or opposite direction; hence; opposite or contrary in kind; as, the reverse order or method.
v. t.
To turn back, or to the contrary; to reverse.
a.
Acting against, or in a contrary direction; opposed; contrary; opposite; conflicting; as, adverse winds; an adverse party; a spirit adverse to distinctions of caste.
a.
Reversed; as, a reverse shell.
a.
Reversed; set with the head downward; turned contrary to the natural position.
a.
Given to opposition; perverse; forward; wayward; as, a contrary disposition; a contrary child.
a.
Intended to reverse; implying reversal.
imp. & p. p.
of Reverse
n.
To bring on; to incur; to acquire; as, to contract a habit; to contract a debt; to contract a disease.
imp. & p. p.
of Contrast
a.
The back side; as, the reverse of a drum or trench; the reverse of a medal or coin, that is, the side opposite to the obverse. See Obverse.
a.
Opposite; in an opposite direction; in opposition; adverse; as, contrary winds.
a.
Contracted; as, a contract verb.