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Type of free climbing
rock climbing, a redpoint is a successful free-climb of a climbing route that is performed by a lead climber. The lead climber can use rock-climbing equipment
Redpoint_(climbing)
Historic single pitch, multi-pitch and boulder climbs
In rock-climbing, a first free ascent (FFA) is the first redpoint, onsight or flash of a single-pitch, multi-pitch or bouldering climbing-route that did
List of grade milestones in rock climbing
List_of_grade_milestones_in_rock_climbing
Climbing term for route information
attempts is called a redpoint). New grade milestones in the on-sighting and flashing of routes are actively followed in the climbing media. The discovery
Beta_(climbing)
is a glossary of climbing terms related to rock climbing (including aid climbing, lead climbing, bouldering, and competition climbing), mountaineering
Glossary_of_climbing_terms
Climbing without using aid
climbing in traditional climbing and sport climbing also uses the 'redpoint' as a definition of a first free ascent. Free climbing is related to but separate
Free_climbing
Type of sport
Rock climbing is a climbing sports discipline that involves ascending routes consisting of natural rock in an outdoor environment, or on artificial resin
Rock_climbing
Type of rock climbing
When the sport climbing definition of an FFA — the redpoint — became the standard definition in sport climbing and traditional climbing, such distinctions
Top_rope_climbing
American climber and BASE jumper (1972–2015)
alpine climbing route, Deep Blue Sea 5.12 (7b/+), on the north face of the Eiger. Potter invented freeBASEing as a combination of free solo climbing (rock
Dean_Potter
German rock climber
second-ever person to redpoint a 9a (5.14d) graded route by ascending Om in 1992, and has come to be known as the first-ever person to redpoint a 9a+ (5.15a)
Alexander_Huber
British rock climber (born 2005)
in competition climbing and outdoor sport climbing. He is the youngest British climber to redpoint a 9a (5.14d)-graded sport climbing route. He is the
Toby_Roberts
Technique of rock climbing
Lead climbing (or leading) is a technique in rock climbing where two climbers work together to ascend a climbing route. The 'lead climber'—who climbs—clips
Lead_climbing
Activity to ascend a steep object
Ethics, Style and Emergence of Sport Climbing". Sport Climbing: From Toprope to Redpoint, Techniques for Climbing Success. Mountaineers Books. ISBN 978-1594852701
Climbing
Type of rock climbing
Sport climbing (or bolted climbing) is a type of free climbing in the sport of rock climbing in which the lead climber clips their rope—via a quickdraw—into
Sport_climbing
Type of mountaineering
ice climbing, and/or mixed climbing, to summit typically large rock, ice, or snow-covered climbing routes (e.g., multi-pitch or big wall climbs) in mountainous
Alpine_climbing
Topics referred to by the same term
Point, a 2012 film The Beach at Redpoint, track from the 2002 album Geogaddi by Boards of Canada Redpoint (climbing) Redpoint Ventures, a venture capital
Red_Point
Degree of difficulty of a climbing route
of climbing developed their own grading systems, a small number of grading systems have become internationally dominant for each type of climbing, and
Grade_(climbing)
Mountaineering and climbing term
2007). First redpoint ascent (sport climbing). In the 1980s, climbers wanted to ascend routes that had no cracks for using traditional climbing protection
First_ascent
Norwegian rock climber
competition climbing in 2017. Midtbø started climbing in 2000 at 13 years of age after his mother enrolled him in a class. After just one year of climbing, he
Magnus_Midtbø
Type of rock climbing
Traditional climbing (or trad climbing) is a type of free climbing in the sport of rock climbing in which the lead climber places temporary and removable
Traditional_climbing
American rock climber and mountaineer
five-time US National Champion in competition lead climbing, runner-up in the 2005 IFSC Climbing World Championships, and has made the first female free
Emily_Harrington
Type of rock climbing
Big wall climbing is a form of rock climbing that takes place on both very long and very sheer multi-pitch climbing routes – of at least 10 pitches or
Big_wall_climbing
Form of climbing without protection
Free solo climbing (or free soloing) is a form of rock climbing in which the climber (or free soloist) climbs on technical terrain without ropes or any
Free_solo_climbing
British rock climber
in international sport climbing. In 1990, Moon made the first-ever redpoint in history of a consensus grade 8c+ (5.14c) climbing route with his ascent
Ben_Moon_(climber)
Tools and gear to assist in climbing
Rock-climbing equipment varies with the specific type of climbing that is being undertaken by the climber(s). Bouldering needs the least equipment: climbing
Rock-climbing_equipment
Canadian rock climber and alpinist (1992–2018)
introduced to climbing when his grandfather bought him Chris Bonington's book, Quest for Adventure. At age nine, he had his first climbing experience in
Marc-André_Leclerc
French rock climber (1960–2012)
a pioneer and a legend of sport climbing and free solo climbing. He was the second-ever climber in history to redpoint routes of grade 7c (5.12d) with
Patrick_Edlinger
Czech climber (born 1993)
Czech professional rock climber, specializing in lead climbing, bouldering, and competition climbing. In 2013, Rock & Ice described Ondra as a prodigy and
Adam_Ondra
Granite spires in mountains in Pakistan
challenging big wall climbing opportunities. Each year, climbers from around the world embark on expeditions to the Karakoram region to climb these granite faces
Trango_Towers
Type of rock climbing route
Examples of crack climbing In rock climbing, a crack climb is a type of climbing route that follows a crack or fissure, or system of cracks or fissures
Crack_climbing
Path to scale a mountain, rock, or ice wall
agreed on what determines a valid ascent of a route (e.g. the redpoint in rock climbing), and on the classes or styles of ascent (e.g. onsighted, flashed)
Climbing_route
Competitive rock climbing
Competition climbing is a form of regulated rock-climbing competition held indoors on purpose-built artificial climbing walls (earlier versions were held
Competition_climbing
Austrian rock climber and mountaineer (1990–2019)
years old when Himalaya veteran Peter Habeler first watched Lama climb in a climbing camp organized by Habeler. Afterward, Habeler immediately called
David_Lama
American rock climber (born 1981)
sport. He dominated sport climbing for the decade after his 2001 ascent of Realization/Biographie, the first-ever redpoint of a consensus 9a+ (5.15a)
Chris_Sharma
Italian rock climber (born 1993)
specializes in competition climbing, sport climbing, and bouldering. In competition climbing, he completes in competition lead climbing, competition bouldering
Stefano_Ghisolfi
American rock climber (b. 1984)
sport climbing, traditional climbing and in big wall climbing, climbing several routes at the grade of 5.14 (8c/+). Barrett published multiple climbing guidebooks
Charles_Barrett_(climber)
Bouldering, single pitch and multi-pitch / big wall
history of rock climbing, the three main sub-disciplines – bouldering, single-pitch climbing, and big wall (and multi-pitch) climbing – can trace their
History_of_rock_climbing
Metal tool used in rock climbing
wall climbing and in aid climbing is a metal spike (usually steel) that is driven into a crack or seam in the climbing surface using a climbing hammer
Piton
Type of rock climbing route
roofs) in climbing In rock climbing, an overhang is a type of route that leans back at an angle of over 90 degrees for part or all of the climb, and at
Overhang_(climbing)
American rock climber (born 1980)
traditional climbs in the world and the first time in history that a female climber matched the peak of the highest climbing grades. Rodden started climbing in
Beth_Rodden
American rock climber and alpinist (born 1992)
access to sport, trad[itional], and multi-pitch [climbing] routes. The club did not compete in climbing competitions—at the time Harrington was unaware
Brette_Harrington
Mountaineers, rock climbers, and ice climbers
alpine climbing), rock climbing (including aid climbing, free climbing, bouldering, speed climbing and competition climbing) or in ice climbing (including
List of climbers and mountaineers
List_of_climbers_and_mountaineers
American rock climber
climbing event (2024). She is the first-ever woman to redpoint a 5.15c (9b+) graded sport-climbing route with her 2025 ascent of Excalibur. Both of Raboutou's
Brooke_Raboutou
American rock climber (born 1961)
female in history to redpoint a 5.12d (7c), 5.13a (7c+) and 5.14a (8b+) graded sport climbing route. Hill shaped rock climbing for women and became a
Lynn_Hill
Slovenian rock climber (born 1999)
climber who specializes in sport climbing and competition climbing. She has won multiple competition lead climbing and competition bouldering events
Janja_Garnbret
American rock climber
American rock climber who has set records in sport climbing, traditional climbing, and in big-wall climbing. Caldwell made the first free ascents of several
Tommy_Caldwell
German rock climber
pioneer of the redpoint concept in free climbing. He started climbing at the age of 14. Before he committed himself to a career in climbing in 1986, he was
Kurt_Albert
Ascending and moving around in the crown of trees
technique, and lead climbing) are used to climb trees depending on the climber's purpose for the climb and personal preference. Free climbing is performed without
Tree_climbing
Type of climbing
Multi-pitch climbing is a type of climbing that typically takes place on climbing routes that are more than a single rope length – approximately 50 to
Multi-pitch_climbing
Sport climbing route in Austria
after completing his redpoint, he proposed a technical grade of 9a (5.14d), which ranked it alongside the highest grades of any climbing routes at that time
Open_Air_(climb)
Czech rock climber
specializing in lead climbing competitions. He won two World Championships, in 2003 and 2005, and one Lead World Cup, in 2004. Tomáš started climbing on the rocks
Tomáš_Mrázek
Italian rock climber
Zanolla. List of grade milestones in rock climbing Stefanello, Vinicio (19 December 2016). "Manolo, climbing and Il Mattino dei Maghi: first repeat in
Maurizio_Zanolla
Type of climbing
Speed climbing is a climbing discipline in which speed is the ultimate goal. Speed climbing is done on rocks, walls and poles and is only recommended
Speed_climbing
American rock climber (1988–2019)
American rock climber known for free solo climbing. Gobright was born in Orange County, California, and began climbing when he was six. He dropped out of college
Brad_Gobright
Type of climbing with ice tools
Ice climbing is a climbing discipline that involves ascending routes consisting entirely of frozen water. To ascend, the ice climber uses specialist equipment
Ice_climbing
German rock climber (1960-1992)
the sport. Güllich dominated sport climbing after his 1984 ascent of Kanal im Rücken, the world's first-ever redpoint of an 8b (5.13d) route. He continued
Wolfgang_Güllich
Form of rock climbing
Sport Climbing. pp. 58–59. Retrieved 4 January 2025. Hague, Dan & Hunter, Douglas (2011). Redpoint: The Self-Coached Climber's Guide to Redpoint and On-Site
Bouldering
Traditional climbing route in Dumbarton, Scotland
as being one of the world's hardest rock climbing routes—of any format (i.e. traditional or sport climbing)—at the time it was first ascended in 1983
Rhapsody_(climb)
Sport climbing route in Germany
climbing List of grade milestones in rock climbing Silence, first climb in the world with a potential grade of 9c (5.15d) La Dura Dura, second climb in
Action_Directe_(climb)
Type of solo climbing with protection
Rope-solo climbing or rope-soloing (or self-belaying) is a form of solo climbing (i.e. performed alone without a climbing partner), but unlike free solo
Rope_solo_climbing
Rock climbing safety technique using ropes
In climbing and mountaineering, belaying comprises techniques used to create friction within a climbing protection system, particularly on a climbing rope
Belaying
American rock climber (1963–1998)
American extreme sport practitioner, known for his free solo climbing and big wall climbing. He is considered the inventor of the extreme sport of rope
Dan_Osman
British mountain and alpine climber
rock climber, ice climber, mountaineer and climbing author. He is internationally noted for his alpine climbing and was awarded the Piolet d'Or three times
Mick_Fowler
American rock climber (born 1985)
climb across the peaks of Greenland. In the same year, Honnold started a podcast about climbing called Climbing Gold. In its first season, Climbing Gold
Alex_Honnold
Traditional climbing route in the USA
Osius, Alison (4 June 2022). "Free Solo Rock Climbing and the Climbers Who Have Defined the Sport". Climbing. Retrieved 26 November 2022. Grey, Will (23
Separate_Reality_(climb)
American rock climber
World Championships in 1995. She is the third woman to redpoint a 5.14a (8b+) graded sport climbing route. She has coached several competition climbers,
Robyn_Erbesfield-Raboutou
American rock climber
Raboutou Climbs 5.14b". Climbing. Retrieved 22 December 2023. "Climbing History | Megatron 9A". climbing-history.org. Retrieved 2023-12-26. "Climbing History
Shawn_Raboutou
Scottish rock climber
climber, and climbing author. MacLeod is known for being the second-ever person in history to free solo an 8b+ (5.14a) graded rock climbing route, which
Dave_MacLeod
Type of rock climbing
Aid climbing is a form of rock climbing that uses mechanical devices and equipment, such as aiders (also called 'ladders'), to assist in generating upward
Aid_climbing
French rock climber and mountaineer
for sport climbing by winning the first major female climbing competitions, and by being the first woman to redpoint a 7c+/8a sport climbing route with
Catherine_Destivelle
Artificial rock climbing wall
hands and feet. Most walls are located indoors, and climbing on such walls is often termed indoor climbing. Some walls are brick or wooden constructions but
Climbing_wall
German rock climber
1993) is a German rock climber specializing in sport climbing, bouldering and competition climbing. In 2013, he became the first-ever climber to onsight
Alexander_Megos
Italian rock climber (born 1995)
World Climbing VIDEO: Elias Iagnemma vs Burden of Dreams, PlanetMountain (February 2024) VIDEO: Watch Elias Iagnemma Send Gioia (V15/16), Climbing (February
Elias_Iagnemma
French rock climber and rally driver (born 1967)
first French official climbing competition, taking place in the sportshall in Vaulx-en-Velin only steps from her highschool, climbing barefoot. After this
Isabelle_Patissier
German ice climber (born 1974)
degree (M 11) 2004 first rock climbing route in French degrees 8b "shadow king" in the Bavarian Alps 2006 redpoint climb "Pellisier" (in French degrees
Ines_Papert
Type of protected alpine climbing route
This allows climbing on otherwise dangerous routes without the risks of unprotected scrambling and climbing or the need for technical climbing equipment
Via_ferrata
Austrian rock climber (born 1988)
climbed at–or just below–the highest grades achieved by a female in every major rock climbing discipline, including bouldering, traditional climbing,
Babsi_Zangerl
American rock climber (born 1992)
wall climbing with a background in competition climbing and bouldering. She won the gold medal at the 2011 International Federation of Sport Climbing World
Sasha_DiGiulian
Italian rock climber (born 2001)
became only the third-ever female climber in history to redpoint a 9b (5.15b)-graded sport climbing route, with her ascent of Erebor in Italy. In 2025, she
Laura_Rogora
American rock climber (born 1996)
competition climbing, sport climbing, and bouldering. He has represented the United States in the IFSC Climbing World Cup in lead climbing, and has two
Sean_Bailey_(climber)
Ranking of career gold climbing medals
in the annual World Climbing Series and the biennial World Climbing Championship, which were organized by the International Climbing and Mountaineering
Ranking of career World Climbing victories by climber
Ranking_of_career_World_Climbing_victories_by_climber
Japanese competition climber
1999) is a Japanese professional rock climber, specializing in competition climbing. In 2022, Homma won multiple World Cup medals, collecting his first gold
Taisei_Homma
many types of knots that are commonly used in the pursuit of rock climbing, ice climbing, and general mountaineering, the most popular of which are listed
List_of_climbing_knots
Scottish rock climber (born 1998)
Scottish professional rock climber specializing in sport climbing, bouldering and competition climbing. Bosi was the first climber to have completed five V17 (9A)
William_Bosi
Mountain face in the Swiss Alps
With alpine climbing routes that are up to four kilometers long, the face hosts some of the Alps' longest and most demanding climbing routes, with significant
North_face_of_the_Eiger
American rock climber (born 1973)
on the route and difficult climbing made the climb take eleven days. In fact, Davis wore only light climbing shoes, climbing tights, long underwear, and
Steph_Davis
Style of climbing performed alone
Solo climbing (or soloing) is a style of climbing in which the climber ascends a climbing route alone and deliberately without the assistance of a belayer
Solo_climbing
British rock climber
now considered mainstream in professional climbing. In 1991, Moffatt opened Britain's first indoor climbing centre, "The Foundry" in Sheffield. He has
Jerry_Moffatt
Japanese rock climber (born 2003)
climber who specializes in competition lead climbing and competition bouldering. At the 2019 IFSC Climbing World Championships, Mori became the youngest
Ai_Mori
Type of footwear designed for rock climbing
A climbing shoe is a specialized type of footwear designed for rock climbing. Typical climbing shoes have a tight fit, an asymmetrical downturn, and a
Climbing_shoe
American rock climber (born 2003)
competition climbing. At age 17, he became the youngest climber to qualify to compete at the 2020 Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo. Duffy started climbing at age
Colin_Duffy_(climber)
British rock climber
Canyonlands National Park, Utah. They won Climbing magazine's 2016 Golden Piton Vision Award for their climbing in this region, particularly their first
Pete_Whittaker
Austrian rock climber (born 1996)
climber who specializes in competition climbing. She won the bronze medal in the combined bouldering and lead climbing event at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
Jessica_Pilz
Sport climbing route in England
to redpointing it earlier, but lost interest when Moon completed it. Hubble is widely regarded as the world's first consensus 8c+ (5.14c) climbing route
Hubble_(climb)
Spanish rock climber (born 1999)
5.15a redpoint, 5.14 Onsights: Jorge Díaz-Rullo Had a Solid February". Climbing. Retrieved 17 May 2026. Jorge Díaz-Rullo Calvo at World Climbing Jorge
Jorge_Díaz-Rullo
British rock climber (born 1965)
ever IFSC Climbing World Cup in 1989. Nadin was a climbing all-rounder and pioneered routes which set new levels in climbing. He started climbing on gritstone
Simon_Nadin
British rock climber
British rock climber and rock climbing author who is credited with pushing the technical standards of British rock climbing in traditional, sport, bouldering
Ron_Fawcett
French mountaineer and rock climber
after his climbing partner had been killed in a fall. He climbed eleven of the fourteen eight-thousanders, many of them alone or by new climbing routes.
Jean-Christophe_Lafaille
Canadian rock climber and guide (1986–2026)
professional rock-climbing guide. He was known for his first ascents on difficult trad climbing routes. Stanhope died in a 2026 climbing accident. Stanhope
Will_Stanhope
American rock climber
competition climbing. She represents the United States at IFSC Climbing World Cup in competition bouldering and competition lead climbing. She has had
Natalia_Grossman
British sport climber
bouldering and competition lead climbing events. In September 2021, he finished third in his first appearance at the IFSC Climbing World Championships. In June
Hamish_McArthur
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