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Type of defense mechanism in psychoanalytic theory
In psychoanalytic theory, reaction formation (German: Reaktionsbildung) is a defense mechanism in which emotions, desires and impulses that are anxiety-producing
Reaction_formation
Chemical reaction that gives browned food flavor
amino-acid reaction Advanced glycation end-product Baking Caramelization Wok hei Maillard, L. C. (1912). "Action des acides amines sur les sucres; formation de
Maillard_reaction
Unconscious psychological mechanism
inhibitions (compromise formation) level Displacement Dissociation Intellectualization Isolation of Affect Reaction Formation Repression Undoing Minor
Defence_mechanism
Process that leads to chemical changes
mechanisms of substitution reactions. Some chemical reactions have characteristics such as: Evolution of a gas Formation of a precipitate Change in temperature
Chemical_reaction
Organometallic coupling reaction
under anhydrous conditions. This reaction is important for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds. Grignard reactions and reagents were discovered by and
Grignard_reaction
Chemical reaction used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts
synthetic applications of the Sandmeyer reaction. One of the most important uses of the Sandmeyer reaction is the formation of aryl halides. The solvent of choice
Sandmeyer_reaction
Reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor
may lead to side reactions such as the formation of metallic iron, methanation, carbon deposition, and the Fischer–Tropsch reaction. The typical composition
Water–gas_shift_reaction
Reaction in organic chemistry
acidic α-proton. The Mannich reaction is a condensation reaction. The mechanism of the Mannich reaction starts with the formation of an iminium ion from the
Mannich_reaction
Chemical reaction involving repeated halogenation of an acetyl group (–COCH3)
In chemistry, the haloform reaction (also referred to as the Lieben haloform reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a haloform (CHX3, where X is a halogen)
Haloform_reaction
Change of enthalpy during the formation of a compound from its elements
substances, the formation reaction may be considered as the sum of a number of simpler reactions, either real or fictitious. The enthalpy of reaction can then
Standard enthalpy of formation
Standard_enthalpy_of_formation
Mental defence mechanism in psychoanalysis
whole because he 'doesn't fit in' also pushes him to prolonged use of reaction formation, unnecessary generalizations, and compulsive lying. A similar example
Regression_(psychology)
Chemical reaction involving the formation of sugars from formaldehyde
The formose reaction, discovered by Aleksandr Butlerov in 1861, and hence also known as the Butlerov reaction, involves the formation of sugars from formaldehyde
Formose_reaction
Coupling reaction of aryl or alkyl groups
for copper because copper(III) is rarely observed. The reaction likely involves the formation of an organocopper compound (RCuX) which reacts with the
Ullmann_reaction
Unconscious defense mechanism (psychology)
characterize a phobic disorder were the discharge.[citation needed] Reaction formation: Cognizant practices are embraced to overcompensate for the nervousness
Displacement_(psychology)
Chemical reaction involving organic compounds
The Prins reaction is an organic reaction consisting of an electrophilic addition of an aldehyde or ketone to an alkene or alkyne followed by capture
Prins_reaction
In organic chemistry, the Malaprade reaction or Malaprade oxidation is a reaction that converts vicinal diols by periodic acid or a periodate salt to
Malaprade_reaction
Relation between chemical reaction rate and concentrations of the reactants
an empirical differential mathematical expression for the reaction rate of a given reaction in terms of concentrations of chemical species and constant
Rate_equation
Chemical reaction
The aldol reaction (aldol addition) is a reaction in organic chemistry that combines two carbonyl compounds (e.g. aldehydes or ketones) to form a new
Aldol_reaction
One of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic concepts
consequences according to Freud, so long as it does not form into a reaction-formation of a masculinity complex. One such consequence is a sense of inferiority
Penis_envy
Formation of new bone in response to stimuli of the periosteum surrounding the bone
A periosteal reaction is the formation of new bone in response to injury or other stimuli of the periosteum surrounding the bone. It is most often identified
Periosteal_reaction
Chemical reaction
The Mitsunobu reaction is an organic reaction that converts an alcohol into a variety of functional groups, such as an ester, using triphenylphosphine
Mitsunobu_reaction
Chemical reaction
reaction has nothing to do with the chemical element zinc. The first reaction is the formation of the N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-pyridinium salt (2). This salt is typically
Zincke_reaction
Quote from Hamlet
doth protest too much, methinks in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Reaction formation Delaney, Bill (2010). "Shakespeare's HAMLET". The Explicator. 58 (2):
The lady doth protest too much, methinks
The_lady_doth_protest_too_much,_methinks
Type of reaction in organic chemistry
R'-X with formation of a new carbon–carbon bond in the product R-R'. The most common type of coupling reaction is the cross coupling reaction. Richard
Coupling_reaction
Concept in psychoanalysis
1908 article Character and Anal Erotism, Freud argued that, through reaction formations and sublimation, anal eroticism could turn in later life into character
Anal_eroticism
Self-amplifying chain of events
chain reaction is a sequence of reactions where a reactive product or by-product causes additional reactions to take place. In a chain reaction, positive
Chain_reaction
Chemical reaction
in total synthesis, particularly the formation of 5,5- and 6,5-membered fused bicycles. Generally, the reaction is highly syn-selective about the bridgehead
Pauson–Khand_reaction
Disproportionation of CO into CO2 and elemental carbon
formation of CO decreases with temperature. At high temperatures, the forward reaction becomes endergonic, favoring the (exergonic) reverse reaction toward
Boudouard_reaction
Type of organic chemical reaction
elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one- or two-step reaction mechanism
Elimination_reaction
Cross-coupling reaction between boronic acid & an organohalide
reaction mechanism for the Suzuki coupling and they found that the base has three roles: Formation of the palladium complex [ArPd(OR)L2], formation of
Suzuki_reaction
Chemical coupling reaction
subject of ongoing research. For lithium-free Wittig reactions, studies support a concerted formation of the oxaphosphetane without intervention of a betaine
Wittig_reaction
Addition reaction used to form C–C bonds
The Stetter reaction is a reaction used in organic chemistry to form carbon-carbon bonds through a 1,4-addition reaction utilizing a nucleophilic catalyst
Stetter_reaction
Chemical reaction
The Delépine reaction is the organic synthesis of primary amines (4) by reaction of benzyl or alkyl halides (1) with hexamethylenetetramine (2) followed
Delépine_reaction
Chemical reaction where molecules are combined and a small molecule is lost
the presence of a catalyst. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and
Condensation_reaction
1939 book by Sigmund Freud
religion, and that he was murdered by his followers, who then via reaction formation revered him and became irrevocably committed to the monotheistic idea
Moses_and_Monotheism
Reduction method involving hydrazine
substrates. In some cases, formation of the required hydrazone will not occur at sterically hindered carbonyl groups, preventing the reaction. However, this method
Wolff–Kishner_reduction
Chemical reaction for synthesizing C–N bonds
bond formation in the context of their work on the synthesis of lavendamycin which utilized stoichiometric Pd(PPh3)4. Attempts to render the reaction catalytic
Buchwald–Hartwig_amination
Organic chemical reaction
The Cannizzaro reaction, named after its discoverer Stanislao Cannizzaro, is a chemical reaction which involves the base-induced disproportionation of
Cannizzaro_reaction
Personality disorder
the aggressive type is the result of a "deep dependency" hidden by reaction formation. IPD involves a weakness of the ego, which limits the ability to restrain
Immature_personality_disorder
Non-consciously experienced attraction toward members of the same sex
individual's own homosexual impulses causing repression, denial, or reaction formation (or all three; West, 1977). In Kingsley Amis' 1966 book The Anti-Death
Latent_homosexuality
Chemical reaction between an azide and a carbonyl derivative
esterification. An alternative, involving the formation of an acylium ion, becomes more important when the reaction takes place in concentrated acid (>90% sulfuric
Schmidt_reaction
Psychoanalytic concept of allocation of emotional energy
until it finds alternative outlets, which can lead to sublimation, reaction formation, or the construction of (sometimes disabling) symptoms. M. Scott Peck
Cathexis
Enthalpy difference due to chemical reaction, reduced to standard states
enthalpy of reaction Δ H reaction ⊖ {\displaystyle \Delta H_{\text{reaction}}^{\ominus }} is related to the standard enthalpy of formation Δ f H ⊖ {\displaystyle
Standard_enthalpy_of_reaction
Chemical reaction
Povarov reaction is an organic reaction described as a formal cycloaddition between an aromatic imine and an alkene. The imine in this organic reaction is
Povarov_reaction
Transformation of Fe(OH)2 into Fe3O4 with hydrogen release
to the formation of a thermodynamically more stable phase iron(II,III) oxide. The global reaction can thus be decomposed in half redox reactions as follows:
Schikorr_reaction
Chemical reaction that releases energy as light or heat
thermochemistry, an exothermic reaction is a "reaction for which the overall standard enthalpy change ΔH⚬ is negative." Exothermic reactions usually release stored
Exothermic_reaction
Type of mathematical model
accounts for all local reactions. The solutions of reaction–diffusion equations display a wide range of behaviours, including the formation of travelling waves
Reaction–diffusion_system
Type of functional group in a molecule
Such reactions can form the basis of more complicated processes, for example epoxide formation is one of the key steps in the Darzens reaction. Compounds
Halohydrin
Non-equilibrium thermodynamic reaction
A Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, or BZ reaction, is one of a class of reactions that serve as a classical example of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, resulting
Belousov–Zhabotinsky_reaction
Class of dyes
conditions, the vinyl sulfone group is released by an elimination reaction: Formation of the vinyl sulfone group by alkaline elimination. R= alkyl or aryl
Vinyl_sulfone_dyes
Elongated mineral formation hanging down from a cave ceiling
(stalaktós) 'dripping', from σταλάσσειν (stalássein) 'to drip') is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures
Stalactite
Chemical reaction
The Gattermann reaction (also known as the Gattermann formylation and the Gattermann salicylaldehyde synthesis) is a chemical reaction in which aromatic
Gattermann_reaction
Military or police unit capable of quickly responding to emergencies
Support Forces A rapid reaction force / rapid response force (RRF), quick reaction force / quick response force (QRF), immediate reaction force (IRF), rapid
Rapid_reaction_force
Chemical compound
ethylenedibromide with L-aspartic acid. Racemic EDDS is produced by the reaction of ethylenediamine with fumaric acid or maleic acid. In comparing the effectiveness
EDDS
Concept from evolutionary biology
pattern formation. Patterns such as fronts, hexagons, spirals, stripes and dissipative solitons are found as solutions of Turing-like reaction–diffusion
Turing_pattern
Type of organic reaction
Bischler-Napieralski Reaction have investigated the effects of nitro and acetal aryl groups on product formation (see references). Pomeranz–Fritsch reaction "Pictet-Gams
Bischler–Napieralski_reaction
Chemical rearrangement
another reaction that often competes with the rearrangement, though careful selection of promoting reagent and solvent conditions can favor the formation of
Beckmann_rearrangement
Organic reaction
The Schenck ene reaction or the Schenk reaction is the reaction of singlet oxygen with alkenes to yield hydroperoxides. The hydroperoxides can be reduced
Schenck_ene_reaction
Chemical reaction
rearrangement of the peroxy group that results in the formation of the relative ester. The extent of this side reaction declines with the rise of pH, and increases
Shi_epoxidation
Photochemical reaction
A Norrish reaction, named after Ronald George Wreyford Norrish who developed the reaction(s) during the 1930's primarily through his work at Cambridge
Norrish_reaction
Chemical reaction
by formation of a α-hydroxyimine by condensation of an amine with an aldose sugar. The rearrangement itself entails intramolecular redox reaction, converting
Amadori_rearrangement
Chemical reaction in which water is produced as a byproduct
monosaccharides (e.g. glucose and fructose). The formation of the pyrophosphate bond is an important dehydration reaction relevant to bioenergetics. Phosphorylation
Dehydration_reaction
Substitution reaction with a carbocation intermediate
The unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN1) reaction is a substitution reaction in organic chemistry. The Hughes-Ingold symbol of the mechanism expresses
SN1_reaction
Formylation reaction used in organic chemistry
in the formation of diformylcresol from p-cresol. Conversion of phenol to the corresponding 1,3,5-trialdehyde has also been reported The reaction mechanism
Duff_reaction
Intramolecular reactions fare better than the intermolecular ones, for instance in the organic synthesis of 9-phenylfluorene: Or the formation of the pyrene
Scholl_reaction
Coupling reaction
The Heck reaction (also called the Mizoroki–Heck reaction) is the chemical reaction of an unsaturated halide (or triflate) with an alkene in the presence
Heck_reaction
Type of chemical reaction
Jeffrey W.; Huang, Xicai (2002). "Methyl Carbamate Formation via Modified Hofmann Rearrangement Reactions: Methyl N-(p-Methoxyphenyl)carbamate". Organic Syntheses
Hofmann_rearrangement
Chemical reaction with oxidation state changes
de-electronation. Redox reactions can occur slowly, as in the formation of rust, or rapidly, as in the case of burning fuel. Electron transfer reactions are generally
Redox
Named reaction for synthesis of organic halides
and the modern understanding of the Hunsdiecker reaction. However, a 2:1 ratio favours the formation of an ester product that arises from decarboxylation
Hunsdiecker_reaction
Concept from Freudian psychoanalytics
aggression stemming from the death instinct must be repressed via reaction formation in order for civilization to exist. In the process of civilization
Death_drive
Cross-coupling reaction used in organic synthesis
cross-coupling reaction has been employed in a wide variety of areas, due to its usefulness in the formation of carbon–carbon bonds. The reaction can be carried
Sonogashira_coupling
Experiment to show chemical kinetics in action
first there is no visible reaction. After a short time delay, the liquid suddenly turns to a shade of dark blue due to the formation of a triiodide–starch
Iodine_clock_reaction
Strongly oxidizing solution of hydrogen peroxide mixed with dissolved iron as catalyst
parameters for greater reaction rates. The Fenton reaction has different implications in biology because it involves the formation of free radicals by chemical
Fenton's_reagent
Study of how patterns form by self-organization in nature
the embryo. Possible mechanisms of pattern formation in biological systems include the classical reaction–diffusion model proposed by Alan Turing and
Pattern_formation
Chemical reaction
1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)-2,4,6-triethylbenzene. The reaction mechanism centers around the formation of an iminophosphorane through nucleophilic addition
Staudinger_reaction
Method for producing 2-aminopyridine derivatives
ensure formation of 2-aminopyridine. Reaction progress can be measured by the formation of hydrogen gas and red color from σ-adduct formation. Sodium
Chichibabin_reaction
Quantity in chemical thermodynamics
favoring the formation of the products. Similarly, when Q < K {\displaystyle Q<K} , the formation of products is favored and the reaction is progressing
Reaction_quotient
Variation on the Wittig chemical reaction
transformed to alkenes by reaction with diisopropylcarbodiimide. The Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction favours the formation of (E)-alkenes. In general
Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction
Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons_reaction
Chemical reaction
amounts of acetic acid. This reaction occurs rapidly at room temperature with the evolution of nitrogen and the formation of an allylic alcohol. It can
Wharton_reaction
Chemical reaction
The E1cB elimination reaction is a type of elimination reaction which occurs under basic conditions, where the hydrogen to be removed is relatively acidic
E1cB-elimination_reaction
Type of reaction in organic chemistry
A ring forming reaction or ring-closing reaction in organic chemistry is an umbrella term for a variety of reactions that introduce one or more rings
Ring_forming_reaction
Production of peptides
diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) are frequently used for amide bond formation. The reaction proceeds via the formation of a highly reactive O-acylisourea. This reactive
Peptide_synthesis
Atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron; typically highly reactive
[citation needed] Initiation reactions are those that result in a net increase in the number of radicals. They may involve the formation of radicals from stable
Radical_(chemistry)
Color-changing redox chemical reaction
The blue bottle experiment is a color-changing redox chemical reaction. An aqueous solution containing glucose, sodium hydroxide, methylene blue is prepared
Blue_bottle_experiment
Brigade - a home defence brigade and the UK's main "out of area" reaction formation, tasked with operations outside the European theatre. It would normally
Falklands War order of battle: British ground forces
Falklands_War_order_of_battle:_British_ground_forces
Chemical reaction
The Guerbet reaction, named after Marcel Guerbet (1861–1938), is an organic reaction that converts a primary alcohol into its β-alkylated dimer alcohol
Guerbet_reaction
Reaction in organic chemistry
resembles the formation of a Grignard reagent. The RM intermediates have been isolated in several cases. The radical is susceptible to diverse reactions. The organometallic
Wurtz_reaction
Chemical reaction
polysulfide, named after Conrad Willgerodt. The formation of the corresponding carboxylic acid is a side reaction resulting from hydrolysis of the amide. When
Willgerodt_rearrangement
side reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs at the same time as the actual main reaction, but to a lesser extent. It leads to the formation of by-product
Side_reaction
Chemical reaction
amines are prepared in this way. Otherwise, the Ritter reaction is most useful in the formation of amines and amides of pharmaceutical interest. Real world
Ritter_reaction
Organic reaction developed by William Henry Perkin
The Perkin reaction is an organic reaction developed by English chemist William Henry Perkin in 1868 that is used to make cinnamic acids. It gives an
Perkin_reaction
Chemical reaction series
The Corey–Fuchs reaction, also known as the Ramirez–Corey–Fuchs reaction, is a series of chemical reactions designed to transform an aldehyde into an
Corey–Fuchs_reaction
Organic reaction in chemistry
this and similar reactions is the formation of the strong PO double bond. The reaction is somewhat similar to the Mitsunobu reaction, where the combination
Appel_reaction
Oxidation of alcohol
Like many other oxidations of alcohols by metal oxides, the reaction proceeds via the formation of a mixed chromate ester: These esters have the formula
Jones_oxidation
Reaction rate equals rate of transport
chemical reactions is, generally speaking, the rate of the slowest or "rate determining" step. In diffusion controlled reactions the formation of products
Diffusion-controlled_reaction
Chemical reaction
catalytic cycle. Steps of the Catellani reaction: Oxidative addition Carbopalladation of norbornene Palladacycle formation Oxidative addition to palladacycle
Catellani_reaction
Chemical reaction; acid hydrolysis of a nitroalkane salt to a ketone
compound. Note that formation of the nitronate salt from the nitro compound requires an alpha hydrogen atom and therefore the reaction fails with tertiary
Nef_reaction
Organic reaction
intermediate (3). The reaction is then completed either by the reformation of the carbonyl through an 1,2-rearrangement or by the formation of the epoxide.
Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck reaction
Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck_reaction
Chemical reaction
The Van Leusen reaction is the reaction of a ketone with TosMIC leading to the formation of a nitrile. It was first described in 1977 by Van Leusen and
Van_Leusen_reaction
Method to synthesize amides from amines and acid chlorides
Schotten–Baumann reaction is a method to synthesize amides from amines and acid chlorides: Schotten–Baumann reaction conditions can also refer to the formation of esters
Schotten–Baumann_reaction
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