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Medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis
Quinine is a medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis. This includes the treatment of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum that is resistant to
Quinine
Carbonated soft drink containing quinine
which quinine is dissolved. Originally used as a prophylactic against malaria, modern tonic water typically has a significantly lower quinine content
Tonic_water
Genus of plants, source of quinine
production of quinine from cinchona funneled wealth to Europe and enforced colonial power dynamics in South America. The artificial synthesis of quinine in 1944
Cinchona
Topics referred to by the same term
Quinine bush may refer to several flowering plant species: Alstonia constricta, an Australian endemic plant in the family Apocynaceae. Garrya wrightii
Quinine_bush
Chemical agent and drug construction
The total synthesis of quinine details the research and synthetic methods required to produce the alkaloid quinine artifically, the steps of which were
Quinine_total_synthesis
French wine-based aperitif
the addition of quinine. Kina Lillet (1887–1986): A liqueur made with white wine mixed with fruit liqueurs and flavored with quinine. The "Kina" in its
Lillet
Antiarrythmic medication
heart rhythm disturbances. It is a diastereomer of antimalarial agent quinine, originally derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. The drug causes
Quinidine
Species of flowering plant
plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names wild quinine, common wild quinine, American feverfew, and eastern feverfew. It is native to the
Parthenium_integrifolium
Species of shrub
Common names include antelope bitterbrush, antelope bush, buckbrush, quinine brush, and less commonly deerbrush, blackbrush, and greasewood. Some of
Purshia_tridentata
Class of enzymes
A Quinine 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.55) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction quinine + NADPH O2 + H+ H2O 3-hydroxyquinine + NADP+
Quinine_3-monooxygenase
French wine-based aperitif
blend of fortified wine, herbs, and spices (including a small amount of quinine), with fermentation being stopped by the addition of alcohol. It is currently
Dubonnet
treatment for malaria came from the bark of the cinchona tree, which contains quinine. After the link to mosquitos and their parasites was identified in the
History_of_malaria
Agents used in the treatment of malaria
to depend on therapies deriving historically from the injectable drugs quinine and artesunate, the development of drug resistance in the parasite has
Antimalarial_medication
The quinine cartel was a cartel regarding price and territory of producers of quinine and quinidine. There were two separate cartels with different members
Quinine_cartel
2009 studio album by Nine
Quinine is the third studio album released by rapper, Nine. It was released both digitally and on CD on April 9, 2009, (the only difference being that
Quinine_(album)
Drink made with gin and tonic water
during the 18th century the Scottish doctor George Cleghorn studied how quinine, a traditional cure for malaria, could be used to prevent the disease.
Gin_and_tonic
Viceroy of Peru
(1599–1625), is credited as being one of the first Europeans to be treated with quinine, and as the person who introduced that medicine into Europe. Fernández
Luis Jerónimo de Cabrera, 4th Count of Chinchón
Luis_Jerónimo_de_Cabrera,_4th_Count_of_Chinchón
Species of plant
medicinal plant for its bark's high quinine content- and has similar uses to C. officinalis in the production of quinine, most famously used for treatment
Cinchona_pubescens
Chemical compound
normally used to treat severe malaria, when an injectable drug such as quinine is used instead.[citation needed] Since some malaria strains are resistant
Atovaquone/proguanil
Variety of apéritif wines
of apéritif. Traditionally quinquinas contain cinchona, which provides quinine, introduced to Europe from Peru in the 17th century by Spanish missionaries
Quinquina
Synthetic dye
Perkin in 1856 while he was attempting to synthesise the phytochemical quinine for the treatment of malaria. It is also among the first chemical dyes
Mauveine
Chemical compound
medication used to treat malaria. The intravenous form is preferred to quinine for severe malaria. Often it is used as part of combination therapy, such
Artesunate
United States effort to find natural sources of quinine
natural sources of quinine in South America during World War II. Bark of species from the genus Cinchona produces the alkaloid quinine, a potent anti-malarial
Cinchona_Missions
Reduction of light emitted from fluorescent substances
common chemical quenchers. The chloride ion is a well known quencher for quinine fluorescence. Quenching poses a problem for non-instant spectroscopic methods
Quenching_(fluorescence)
Cocktail originally made of gin, vodka and Kina Lillet
Blanc an inadequate substitute for Kina Lillet, as it lacks the latter's quinine which added a distinctive taste,[page needed] while Kingsley Amis thought
Vesper_(cocktail)
Species of tree
Petalostigma pubescens, known as the quinine bush is a rainforest tree native to Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western
Petalostigma_pubescens
Species of fungus
Laricifomes officinalis, also known as agarikon, eburiko, or the quinine conk, is a wood-decay fungus that grows in large conks on the trunks of trees
Laricifomes_officinalis
American physicist
More specifically, Gates showed that the emission of blue light from quinine was temperature dependent, providing evidence that the emitted light is
Fanny_Gates
Medical condition
pathological condition caused by an overdose of quinine or its natural source, cinchona bark. Quinine and its derivatives are used medically to treat
Cinchonism
German physician and pharmacologist
for his investigations on the pharmacological properties and effects of quinine. He studied at the Universities of Würzburg and Bonn, later working at
Karl_Binz
Continent
malaria, endemic throughout Tropical Africa. In 1854, the discovery of quinine and other medical innovations helped to make conquest and colonisation
Africa
Chemical compound
disulfates of quinine and cinchonine. Herapath found that he could create these crystals by dropping tincture of iodine into a solution of quinine disulfate
Herapathite
Aperitif wine from the Asti province of Italy
Cocchi Americano (pronounced: /ˈkɔkki ameriˈkano/) is a quinine-flavored aperitif wine produced by Giulio Cocchi Spumanti in the Asti province of Italy
Cocchi_Americano
American businessman and entrepreneur (1850–1927)
patent medicine products, Grove's Tasteless Chill Tonic and Laxative Bromo Quinine tablets. He later invested in and developed properties in cities in the
Edwin_Wiley_Grove
Protozoan species of malaria parasite
crystalline quinine from the cinchona bark and Pelletier and Caventou (1820) in France extracted pure quinine alkaloids, which they named quinine and cinchonine
Plasmodium_falciparum
American physician (1776–1856)
Sappington (1776-1856) was an American medical doctor known for developing a quinine pill to treat malarial and other fever diseases in the Missouri and Mississippi
John_Sappington
French pharmacist (1795–1877)
isolation of the following compounds: Quinine sulfate later proved to be an important remedy for the disease malaria. Quinine is the active anti-malarial ingredient
Joseph_Bienaimé_Caventou
Bolivian Incan bark and seed hunter
higher proportion of quinine than most others. This species went into Dutch commercial cultivation, providing most of the world's quinine well into the 20th
Manuel_Incra_Mamani
English military and political leader (1599–1658)
although one view is that he may have rejected the only known treatment, quinine, because it had been discovered by Catholic Jesuit missionaries, another
Oliver_Cromwell
Genus of flowering plants
Petalostigma pachyphyllum – Queensland Petalostigma pubescens – quinine berry, quinine bush, quinine tree – Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory,
Petalostigma
Former malaria remedy
bark or China bark, is a former remedy for malaria, as the bark contains quinine, used to treat the disease. The bark of several species of the genus Cinchona
Jesuit's_bark
Plants used to treat medical conditions
of useful compounds. These include the common drugs aspirin, digoxin, quinine, and opium. The compounds found in plants are diverse, with most in four
Medicinal_plants
French chemist (1788–1842)
alkaloids, and was the co-discoverer with Joseph Bienaimé Caventou of quinine, caffeine, and strychnine. He was also a collaborator and co-author with
Pierre_Joseph_Pelletier
Pharmaceutical drug invented in 1834
fevers, including malaria. It was considered, by some, to be superior to quinine. Warburg's Tincture was a secret, proprietary remedy. The formula was not
Warburg's_tincture
Swedish priest and doctor (1851–1936)
and one of the fathers of iridology. After treatment with iodine and quinine, he noticed many differences in the color of his iris. Growing up, he studied
Nils_Liljequist
Chemical compound
derivatives are useful in diverse applications. A prominent example is quinine, an alkaloid found in plants. Over 200 biologically active quinoline and
Quinoline
19 May 1905) was an alpaca farmer noted for his work in connection with quinine, a treatment for malaria. Ledger belonged to a Huguenot family that emigrated
Charles_Ledger
1996 British TV series or programme
married Jane Gibbons and she has come down with a deadly fever. Without quinine, her prognosis is bleak, but Sharpe must follow his orders. At the castle
Sharpe's_Siege_(TV_programme)
Chemical compound used in medicines and industry
sulfate de quinine" [Memoir concerning the analysis of willow bark and the discovery of a substance immediately likely to replace quinine sulfate]. Journal
Salicylic_acid
Suffix used in chemistry
"morphium", which was subsequently renamed to "morphine". Examples include quinine, morphine and guanidine. The second usage is to denote a hydrocarbon of
-ine
American chemist (1917–1979)
the German chemist Paul Rabe had converted a precursor of quinine called quinotoxine to quinine in 1905. Hence, a synthesis of quinotoxine (which Woodward
Robert_Burns_Woodward
Spice extracted from Vanilla orchids
bark Birch beer Cork Ferns Forage Gambier Moss Natural dyes henna Peat Quinine Rattan Shellac Tanbark tannin Tendu leaves Thatching Vegetable ivory Willow
Vanilla
Class of naturally occurring chemical compounds
wide range of pharmacological activities including antimalarial (e.g. quinine), antiasthma (e.g. ephedrine), anticancer (e.g. homoharringtonine), cholinomimetic
Alkaloid
British pharmaceutical business
1858. It was under this title that it became a well-known supplier of quinine and aspirin. Notable partners include John Eliot Howard, son of Luke Howard
Howards_and_Sons
Medical condition
anti-platelet antibodies caused by drugs such as heparin, sulfonamides, digoxin, quinine, and quinidine. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Skin lesion James,
Drug-induced thrombocytopenic purpura
Drug-induced_thrombocytopenic_purpura
Antibiotic
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In combination with quinine, it can be used to treat malaria. It is available by mouth, by injection
Clindamycin
American comedy and media platform
industry heads having orchestrated Jones' death for switching to promoting quinine-based products. The Jack-o'-Lantern instead spends most of his time mentioning
InfoWars_(The_Onion)
English chemist known for his accidental discovery of the first synthetic dye
mauveine, made from aniline. Though he failed in trying to synthesise quinine for the treatment of malaria, he became successful in the field of dyes
William_Henry_Perkin
Military unit
1944. U-532 sailed 4 January 1944 with a cargo of tin, rubber, tungsten, quinine and opium; and sank the 7,200 GRT American Liberty ship Walter Camp two
Gruppe_Monsun
Basic taste
some alcoholic beverages, including hops in beer and gentian in bitters. Quinine is also known for its bitter taste and is found in tonic water. Bitterness
Bitterness
English surgeon (1812–1897)
Hospitals in Bengal, India. Hare is best known for his medical work in using quinine for treatment of malaria fevers. He was also a vegetarianism activist.
Edward_Hare
American rapper (born 1969)
” followed by intermittent recording and performing activity. In 2007, Quinine: The Overseas Shipment was released through an independent European label
Nine_(rapper)
Berry and plant
bark Birch beer Cork Ferns Forage Gambier Moss Natural dyes henna Peat Quinine Rattan Shellac Tanbark tannin Tendu leaves Thatching Vegetable ivory Willow
Huckleberry
Central nervous system stimulant
8-Phenyltheophylline Caffeine, as do other alkaloids such as cinchonine, quinine or strychnine, precipitates polyphenols and tannins. This property can
Caffeine
Family of flowering plants
the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically
Rubiaceae
British Army officer and physician
Army officer, physician, and early advocate for the use of large doses of quinine to treat malaria. Small was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, the oldest son
John Small (British Army medical officer)
John_Small_(British_Army_medical_officer)
Number of times a given event occurs per photon absorbed by a quantum system
measured by comparison to a standard of known quantum yield. The quinine salt quinine sulfate in a sulfuric acid solution was regarded as the most common
Quantum_yield
Species of plant
Fruit is an oblong capsule, 1.5–2 cm. long, almost glabrous. English: quinine, red cinchona, cinchona bark, Jesuit’s bark, loxa bark, Jesuit’s powder
Cinchona_officinalis
Loss of vision
in a few. Although amaurosis caused by quinine poisoning is now uncommon, it does occur on occasion. When quinine is used as an abortifacient, the initial
Amaurosis
Sense of chemicals on the tongue
taste by quinine averages a concentration of 8 μM (8 micromolar). The taste thresholds of other bitter substances are rated relative to quinine, which is
Taste
Elimination of the mosquito-borne infectious disease
Joseph Bienaimé Caventou separated in 1820 the alkaloids cinchonine and quinine from powdered fever tree bark, allowing for the creation of standardized
Eradication_of_malaria
biogenetic origin. Among the quinoline alkaloids are the cinchona alkaloids quinine and quinidine, which are important due to their therapeutic potential,
Quinoline_alkaloids
Genus of plants
Potosí, Zacatecas Parthenium integrifolium L. – American feverfew, wild quinine - from TX to MA + MN Parthenium ligulatum (M.E. Jones) Barneby – Colorado
Parthenium
German breed of dog
in many of his famous essays. Chekhov kept two Dachshunds, Bromide and Quinine; their statues have been installed at his former estate in the village
Dachshund
Medical condition
window membrane is much thicker than in any animal model. At high doses, quinine, aspirin and other salicylates may also cause high-pitch tinnitus and hearing
Ototoxicity
Distilled alcoholic drink flavoured with juniper
was used to mask the bitter flavour of quinine, which was the only effective anti-malarial compound. Quinine was dissolved in carbonated water to form
Gin
Kingdom of organisms
Modern medicines derived from plants include aspirin, taxol, morphine, quinine, reserpine, colchicine, digitalis and vincristine. Plants used in herbalism
Plant
Chemical substances that can terminate a pregnancy
in Australia, plants such as giant boat-lip orchid (Cymbidium madidum), quinine bush (Petalostigma pubescens), or blue-leaved mallee (Eucalyptus gamophylla)
Abortifacient
Tropical fruit
bark Birch beer Cork Ferns Forage Gambier Moss Natural dyes henna Peat Quinine Rattan Shellac Tanbark tannin Tendu leaves Thatching Vegetable ivory Willow
Durian
Chemical compound
is an organic compound and as a cinchona alkaloid closely related to quinine. The specific rotation is −148° in ethanol. A derivative of this molecule
Dihydroquinine
Pale purple colour
Chemist William Henry Perkin, then 18, was attempting to synthesize quinine in 1856; quinine was used to treat malaria. He noticed an unexpected residue, which
Mauve
Alcoholic preparation flavored with botanical matter
antimalarial quinine occasionally were included in historical cocktail recipes. It masked the medicine's intensely bitter flavor. Trace quantities of quinine are
Bitters
Pharmaceutical drug
expected to be forthcoming soon. Use of primaquine in combination with quinine or chloroquine each of which is very effective at clearing P. vivax from
Primaquine
Species of flowering plant
in the treatment of fevers, where it is believed to be as effective as quinine. It is also used in a number of aromatic bitters, such as Abbott's Bitters
Angostura_trifoliata
Term in biology
Butterflybush) Calendula officinalis (Pot Marigold) Cinchona officinalis (Quinine) Cochlearia officinalis (Scurvygrass) Corallina officinalis (Coral Weed
Officinalis
Italian physician (1633–1714)
Torti, was an early proponent of the use of cinchona bark (from which quinine is derived) in the treatment of malaria. Ramazzini was born in Carpi on
Bernardino_Ramazzini
Species of tree
Alstonia constricta, commonly known as quinine bush or bitterbark, is an Australian endemic shrub or small tree of the family Apocynaceae. Alstonia constricta
Alstonia_constricta
Alcoholic drink normally served before or after a meal
delivering malaria-fighting quinine. The medicine was a bitter brew, so he developed a formula of herbs and spices to mask quinine's sharp flavor, and it worked
Apéritif_and_digestif
Soft drink flavor
of inherently bitter lemon pith being reinforced by the bitter alkaloid quinine. The principal difference between tonic water and bitter lemon is the lemon
Bitter_lemon
Complication of malaria
reaction caused by the interaction of the parasite and the use of quinine. While quinine remains important for treatment of malaria, it is no longer commonly
Blackwater_fever
Proactive use of medications to prevent the spread of disease
malaria using antimalarial drugs is well-established, with the use of quinine as a prophylactic treatment dating back at least to the 19th century.[citation
Pre-exposure_prophylaxis
Species of plant
Zeltnera beyrichii, commonly known as mountain pink, quinine weed or rock centaury, is an annual plant in the New World[specify] that blooms from late
Zeltnera_beyrichii
Mosquito-borne disease
ingredient, quinine, was extracted from the bark, isolated and named by the French chemists Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou. Quinine was
Malaria
American chemist
and one of the largest landowners in the United States. Nicknamed the "Quinine King," he created a synthetic form of the drug. His company, Powers & Weightman
William_Weightman
Pharmaceutical drug classification
this list, which follows the WHO version. M09AA01 Hydroquinine M09AA72 Quinine, combinations with psycholeptics M09AB01 Chymopapain M09AB02 Collagenase
ATC_code_M09
Genetic disorder causing muscles to delay relaxing after contraction
If necessary, however, symptoms of the disorder may be relieved with quinine, ranolazine, procainamide, flecainide, phenytoin, carbamazepine, mexiletine
Myotonia_congenita
Housing facility for rodents
control, prior to morphine introduction, rats were offered a sweetened quinine solution instead. Alexander designed a number of experiments to test the
Rat_Park
Chemical compound
Optochin (or ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride) is a derivative of quinine introduced in 1911 by Morgenroth and Levy with the intention to treat pneumococci
Optochin
Chemical reaction
Feist-Benary reaction with a chiral auxiliary based on the cinchona alkaloid quinine based in the presence of proton sponge to the hydroxydihydrofuran. This
Feist–Benary_synthesis
Natural or manufactured resin
bark Birch beer Cork Ferns Forage Gambier Moss Natural dyes henna Peat Quinine Rattan Shellac Tanbark tannin Tendu leaves Thatching Vegetable ivory Willow
Pitch_(resin)
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