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Act of determining or expressing a quantity
foundation of quantification is measurement." There is little doubt that "quantification provided a basis for the objectivity of science." In ancient times
Quantification_(science)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up quantification in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Quantification may refer to: Quantification (science), the act of counting and measuring Quantification
Quantification
Type of determiner that indicates quantity
needed] to correspond to logical quantifiers at the semantic level. All known human languages make use of quantification (Wiese 2004).[citation needed][page needed]
Quantifier_(linguistics)
Topics referred to by the same term
(logic) Quantification (science) Quantification (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Quantifier. If an internal
Quantifier
The sociology of quantification is the investigation of quantification as a sociological phenomenon in its own right. According to a review published
Sociology_of_quantification
particular type. Bounded quantification is an interaction of parametric polymorphism with subtyping. Bounded quantification has traditionally been studied
Bounded_quantification
1995 non-fiction book by Theodore Porter
Objectivity in Science and Public Life is a book by Theodore Porter, published in 1995 by Princeton University Press, that proposes that quantification in public
Trust_in_Numbers
Topics referred to by the same term
(neural network weight optimization) Quantization (linguistics) Quantification (science) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title
Quantization
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up quantify in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Quantify may refer to: Quantification (science), the act or process of quantifying in computing:
Quantify
Science of characterizing uncertainties
Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is the science of quantitative characterization and estimation of uncertainties in both computational and real world applications
Uncertainty_quantification
Field of study to extract knowledge from data
Emmert-Streib, Frank; Dehmer, Matthias (2018). "Defining data science by a data-driven quantification of the community". Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction
Data_science
Ethics of quantification is the study of the ethical issues associated to different forms of visible or invisible forms of quantification. These could
Ethics_of_quantification
Mathematical use of "for all" and "there exists"
versions of the notation explicitly mention the range of quantification. The range of quantification must always be specified; for a given mathematical theory
Quantifier_(logic)
Property of magnitude or multitude
fractions concentration ratios are dimensionless. Physical quantity Quantification (science) Observable quantity Numerical value equation Franklin, James (2014)
Quantity
injustice visible. Sociology of quantification Ethics of quantification Society for the Social Studies of Quantification - SSSQ Data activism I. Bruno,
Statactivism
American historian of science (born 1953)
for his histories of statistical thinking and quantification, particularly the sociology of quantification. Porter was born Theodore Mark Porter on December
Theodore_Porter
Topics referred to by the same term
quantitative analysis Numerical data, also known as quantitative data Quantification (science) Qualitative This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Quantitative
1997 non-fiction book by Alfred W. Crosby
The Measure of Reality: Quantification in Western Europe, 1250-1600 is a 1997 nonfiction historiography and macrohistory book by Alfred W. Crosby, about
The_Measure_of_Reality
All procedures for the numerical representation of empirical facts
of science, Kuhn concludes that "large amounts of qualitative work have usually been prerequisite to fruitful quantification in the physical sciences".
Quantitative_research
Process of assigning numbers to objects or events
Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to compare with other objects or events. In other words, measurement
Measurement
Metric for difference between two colors
of a notion that formerly could only be described with adjectives. Quantification of these properties is of great importance to those whose work is color-critical
Color_difference
Hierarchical outline list of articles related to the physical sciences
Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn has many branches, collectively
Outline_of_physical_science
Study of computation
computer science Computer science is the study of computation, information, and automation. Included broadly in the sciences, computer science spans theoretical
Computer_science
Generalized polyadic quantifier
Blackwell Publishing, pp. 437–460. Antonio Badia (2009). Quantifiers in Action: Generalized Quantification in Query, Logical and Natural Languages. Springer
Lindström_quantifier
Branch of science about the natural world
Natural science or empirical science is a branch of science concerned with the description, understanding, and prediction of natural phenomena, based
Natural_science
Simplification technique in mathematical logic
statement without quantifiers can be viewed as the answer to that question. One way of classifying formulas is by the amount of quantification. Formulas with
Quantifier_elimination
Analytical chemistry technique
for protein quantification include the Biuret, Lowry, BCA, and Bradford methods. An alternative method for label free protein quantification in clear liquid
Quantitative_proteomics
Mathematical logical term
\exists _{\geq k}y(Py\land y\neq x))\end{aligned}}} Uniqueness quantification Lindström quantifier Spectrum of a sentence Erich Graedel, Martin Otto, and Eric
Counting_quantification
Amateur scientific research
participants from the fields of science, social science, and many other disciplines. The exact definition of "citizen science" varies, with different individuals
Citizen_science
Type of logical system
usually include the following: Quantifier symbols: ∀ for universal quantification, and ∃ for existential quantification Logical connectives: ∧ for conjunction
First-order_logic
Movement of people who track themselves with body-related data
sleep patterns, and improve diet. Within the quantified self community, the concept of "personal science" has been developed. It is defined as: "the practice
Quantified_self
Machine learning practice of supervised learning
data items, while the goal of quantification it to predict the class prevalence values of sets of data items. Quantification is also different from regression
Quantification (machine learning)
Quantification_(machine_learning)
American scientist (1839–1914)
made major contributions to logic, such as theories of relations and quantification. C. I. Lewis wrote, "The contributions of C. S. Peirce to symbolic logic
Charles_Sanders_Peirce
Expression denoting a set of sets in formal semantics
(formal semantics) Lindström quantifier Branching quantifier Montague, Richard (1974). "The proper treatment of quantification in English". In Kulas, J.;
Generalized_quantifier
Scale for measuring spiciness of peppers
Kamonwad; et al. (October 31, 2016). "Electrochemical detection and quantification of gingerol species in ginger (Zingiber officinale) using multiwalled
Scoville_scale
Alphabetical list of scientific disciplines
The following index is provided as an overview of and topical guide to science: Links to articles and redirects to sections of articles which provide
Index_of_branches_of_science
Study of correct reasoning
introducing new forms of quantification. Quantifiers correspond to terms like "all" or "some". In classical first-order logic, quantifiers are only applied to
Logic
Topical index of English Wikipedia articles about metrology and measurement
History of the metre Quantification (science) Standard (metrology) Weights and measures Unit of measurement Geodesy - the science of measuring and representing
Outline of metrology and measurement
Outline_of_metrology_and_measurement
Study of the separation, identification, and quantification of matter
quantify the amounts of components in mixtures. It focuses on methods to identify unknown compounds, possibly in a mixture or solution, and quantify a
Analytical_chemistry
Fields of scientific study
the formal sciences and natural sciences are considered hard science by their practitioners, whereas the social sciences and other sciences are described
Hard_and_soft_science
Benefit derived from consuming a product
services, or their uses with quantities, and defines "utility" as such a quantification. In any standard framework, the same object may have different marginal
Marginal_utility
Academic field
Science and technology studies (STS) or science, technology, and society is an interdisciplinary field that examines the creation, development, and consequences
Science and technology studies
Science_and_technology_studies
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
applied mathematics, electrical engineering, and computer science involving the quantification of information. Information theory was developed by Claude
Theoretical_computer_science
Learned society devoted to interdisciplinary social scientific history
political science, sociology and economics. The pioneers shared a commitment to quantification. However, by the 1980s critics complained that quantification undervalued
Social Science History Association
Social_Science_History_Association
Computational Formula that can be measured in terms of True or False
TQBF that adds a randomizing R quantifier, views universal quantification as minimization, and existential quantification as maximization, and asks, whether
True quantified Boolean formula
True_quantified_Boolean_formula
1995 book by Carl Sagan
confirmation of facts, debate, development of different hypotheses, quantification, the use of Occam's razor, and the possibility of falsification. Sagan's
The_Demon-Haunted_World
Study of cognition leading to behaviour
Behavioural science is the branch of science concerned with theorizing on categorizing and judging human behaviour. It sits in the interstice between fields
Behavioural_sciences
Open scientific research
re-invention of previously conducted science. The Researcher Index aims to establish a data-driven statistical metric for quantifying researcher impact. The Unique
Open_science
Academic field concerned with collection and analysis of information
Information science (abbreviated as infosci) is an academic field that is primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation
Information_science
Critical observation of science
Criticism of science addresses problems within science in order to improve science as a whole and its role in society. Criticisms come from philosophy
Criticism_of_science
Scientific study of humans, human behavior, and societies
medicine, and zoology. A major focus of anthrozoologic research is the quantification of the positive effects of human-animal relationships on either party
Anthropology
Method of analysing a dynamical system
Recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) is a method of nonlinear data analysis (cf. chaos theory) for the investigation of dynamical systems. It quantifies the
Recurrence quantification analysis
Recurrence_quantification_analysis
Approach to formal semantics
choosing, drawn from the domain of quantification. Note that a single counterexample falsifies a universally quantified statement, and a single example suffices
Game_semantics
Topics referred to by the same term
intersection of information science, computer science, and health care Historical institutionalism, in sociology, a social science method Hormonal imprinting
HI
Obsolete theories in natural history and natural philosophy
This list includes well-known general theories in science and pre-scientific natural history and natural philosophy that have since been superseded by
List of superseded scientific theories
List_of_superseded_scientific_theories
"Quantifying methane emissions from United States landfills" (PDF). Science. 383 (6690): 1499–1504. Bibcode:2024Sci...383.1499C. doi:10.1126/science.adi7735
2024_in_science
unique. The existence of a unique element is modeled using uniqueness quantification. Finding unique elements in a sequence or list requires data deduplication
Glossary_of_computer_science
Eighteenth letter of the Greek alphabet
bounded quantifiers beginning with existential quantifiers, alternating n − 1 {\displaystyle n-1} times between existential and universal quantifiers. This
Sigma
Robotic mission that deployed the ''Curiosity'' rover to Mars in 2012
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is a robotic space probe mission to Mars launched by NASA on November 26, 2011, which successfully landed Curiosity, a Mars
Mars_Science_Laboratory
Quantification of Margins and Uncertainty (QMU) is a decision support methodology for complex technical decisions. QMU focuses on the identification, characterization
Quantification of margins and uncertainties
Quantification_of_margins_and_uncertainties
Science of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth
the 17th century that hydrologic variables began to be quantified. Pioneers of the modern science of hydrology include Pierre Perrault, Edme Mariotte and
Hydrology
System of standardizing research reporting on pelvic organ prolapse
Cauni, V; Gutue, S; Geavlete, P (2011-02-15). "Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP–Q) – a new era in pelvic prolapse staging". Journal of Medicine
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System
Pelvic_Organ_Prolapse_Quantification_System
Unscientific claims presented as scientific
studies to be conducted to confirm or falsify results. Statistical quantification of significance, confidence, and error are also important tools for
Pseudoscience
State of being real
intimate relationship between existence and quantification to argue against different modes of existence. Quantification is related to the counting of objects;
Existence
Specialist field of computer science
Journal of Verification, Validation and Uncertainty Quantification. 4 011004, 2019 "Computational Science and Engineering Program: Graduate Student Handbook"
Computational_science
Book by Derek J. de Solla Price
from "small science" to "big science" in a historical and sociological way. Price presents a quantification of science as a measurable entity via an
Little_Science,_Big_Science
Overview of and topical guide to natural science
Analytical chemistry – study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials. Astrochemistry
Outline_of_natural_science
Cross-recurrence quantification (CRQ) is a non-linear method that quantifies how similarly two observed data series unfold over time. CRQ produces measures
Cross-recurrence quantification
Cross-recurrence_quantification
Formal system of logic
second-, third-, ..., nth-order logic; i.e., higher-order logic admits quantification over sets that are nested arbitrarily deeply. There are two possible
Higher-order_logic
Subfield of materials science
application. Major current themes in the field include uncertainty quantification and propagation throughout simulations for eventual decision making
Computational materials science
Computational_materials_science
Molecular interface between a surface and a fluid
In surface science, a double layer (DL, also called an electrical double layer, EDL) is a structure that appears on the surface of an object when it is
Double layer (surface science)
Double_layer_(surface_science)
This is a list of atheists in science and technology. A statement by a living person that he or she does not believe in God is not a sufficient criterion
List of atheists in science and technology
List_of_atheists_in_science_and_technology
Method of solving one's own problems
fields are self-experimentation and citizen science. The concept has been further developed within the Quantified Self community. The first use of the term
Personal_Science
Range of application for a quantifier or connective in a logical formula
Mathematical Logic. Elsevier Science Ltd. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-7204-2844-5. Uzquiano, Gabriel (2022), "Quantifiers and Quantification", in Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman
Scope_(logic)
site in North Dakota. One science journalist reflects on the global management of the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to science, investigating the question
2022_in_science
Determine the concentration of a virus
Virus quantification is counting or calculating the number of virus particles (virions) in a sample to determine the virus concentration. It is used in
Virus_quantification
Use of functions that call themselves
In computer science, recursion is a method of solving a computational problem where the solution depends on solutions to smaller instances of the same
Recursion_(computer_science)
Approach in political science
apply the methods of natural sciences to human behavior. Others would define it as an excessive emphasis upon quantification. Others as individualistic
Behavioralism
Literary historian and critic
study of Russian poetry and succeeded in "raising versification to a quantified science". His other major works include On Poetry (1929), A Short Course in
Boris_Tomashevsky
PMID 30212555. "Live Science". Live Science. June 23, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2018. Spellman, Frank R; Price-Bayer, Joni. (2010). In Defense of Science: Why Scientific
List of common misconceptions about science, technology, and mathematics
List_of_common_misconceptions_about_science,_technology,_and_mathematics
Italian researcher (born 1953)
Monica (2020-08-19). "From sociology of quantification to ethics of quantification". Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 7 (1): 1–8. doi:10
Andrea_Saltelli
Topics referred to by the same term
each may refer to: In mathematics, Universal quantification. Also read as: "for all" In computer science, foreach loop Each (disambiguation) This disambiguation
For_each
Intellectual attitude toward science influenced by Romanticism
and the necessity of the natural scientist in using experience and quantification to understand nature. He sought to find the unity of nature, and his
Romanticism_in_science
American company in Madison, Wisconsin
Exact Sciences Corporation is an American molecular diagnostics company based in Madison, Wisconsin, specializing in the detection of early-stage cancers
Exact_Sciences_Corporation
Material ability to absorb energy when deformed elastically
"Polym. Compos". Polymer Composites. 31: 1285. ISSN 1548-0569. Guha S. Quantification of inherent energy resilience of process systems for optimization of
Resilience (materials science)
Resilience_(materials_science)
Book on the philosophy of mathematics
affect practical physics. Field's full nominalization in Science Without Numbers quantifies over not just spacetime points but also regions of points
Science_Without_Numbers
SI derived unit of pressure
pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength
Pascal_(unit)
Depth of nesting of quantifiers in a formula
Theoretical Computer Science. An EATCS Series, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, p. 133, ISBN 978-3-540-00428-8, Zbl 1133.03001. Quantifier Rank Spectrum of L-infinity-omega
Quantifier_rank
Study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases
Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas
Surface_science
Scientific study of science
Metascience, also known as science of science, is the systematic study of science itself. It analyzes the practices, structures, and outcomes of scientific
Metascience
Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era refers to the development of mathematics, science, technology and engineering during
Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era
Mathematics,_science,_technology_and_engineering_of_the_Victorian_era
Programming language concept
language with generics (a.k.a. parametric polymorphism) and bounded quantification, the previous examples can be written in a type-safe way. Instead of
Type_variance
Lab technique in cellular biology
downstream analyses for absolute quantification and detection of genome-wide effects. Absolute quantification: Absolute quantification of gene expression is not
RNA-Seq
chemical reactions. Analytical chemistry involves the identification and quantification of substances and their properties. Biochemistry explores the chemical
Science and technology in Europe
Science_and_technology_in_Europe
Observed inability to reproduce scientific studies
Unified Framework to Quantify the Credibility of Scientific Findings". Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science. 1 (3): 389–402. doi:10
Replication_crisis
Form of second-order logic
fragment of second-order logic where the second-order quantification is limited to quantification over sets. It is particularly important in the logic
Monadic_second-order_logic
Technique to quantify and describe physically the human color perception
Colorimetry is "the science and technology used to quantify and describe physically the human color perception". It is similar to spectrophotometry, but
Colorimetry
conditions that include darkness. Scientists present a comprehensive quantification of global sources and sinks of the greenhouse gas N2O and report that
2020_in_science
Biotechnological procedure
curve for quantification. dPCR is also more resilient to PCR inhibitors for the quantification of RNA than qPCR. dPCR can detect and quantify more individual
Digital polymerase chain reaction
Digital_polymerase_chain_reaction
Academic field
Network science is an academic field which studies complex networks such as telecommunication networks, computer networks, biological networks, cognitive
Network_science
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
Girl/Female
Hindu
Of good character, Clever in amorous sciences
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
She was a scholar of religion and had learnt from her brother al-Imam al-Mahdi; she excelled in grammer and literature and possessed knowledge of other sciences and arts. (A.N.)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire called Winthorpe. The former is named with the Old English personal name or byname Wine, meaning ‘friend’, + Old Norse þorp ‘settlement’. In the latter the first element is a contracted form of the Old English personal name Wigmund, composed of the elements wÄ«g ‘war’ + mund ‘protection’, or the Old Norse equivalent, VÃgmundr.John Winthrop (1588–1649) was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He kept a detailed journal, an invaluable source for historians. He was born into a family of Suffolk, England, gentry whose fortunes were founded by his grandfather Adam Winthrop (d. 1562) of Lavenham. In 1544 the latter acquired a 500-acre estate that had been part of the monastery of Bury St. Edmunds. John Winthrop emigrated from Groton, Suffolk, England, to Salem, MA, in 1630 because of Charles I’s anti-Puritan policies. By the time of his death he had had four wives and 16 children, the most notable of whom was his son John (1606–76), a scientist and governor of CT. His descendants were prominent in politics and science, including John Winthrop (1714–79), an astronomer, and Robert Winthrop (1809–94), a senator and speaker of the House of Representatives.
Boy/Male
Indian
Science
Male
Greek
(Θωθ) Greek form of Egyptian Djehuty, THOTH means "he who balances." In mythology, this is the name of a god of the moon, magic and science.
Girl/Female
Indian
Grace, Holiness, Dignity, Power, One of the eight siddhis of the science of Yoga, Power
Girl/Female
Tamil
Grace, Holiness, Dignity, Power, One of the eight siddhis of the science of Yoga, Power
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Wife of Krishna; Clever in Amorous Sciences
Girl/Female
Arabic, Indian, Kannada, Muslim
Knowledge; Smart; Science; Metal
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a mower or reaper of grass or hay, Old English mǣðere. Compare Mead, Mower. Hay was formerly of great importance, not only as feed for animals in winter but also for bedding.English : in southern Lancashire, where it has long been a common surname, it is probably a relatively late development of Madder (see Mader).English : The prominent Mather family of New England were established in America by Richard Mather (1596–1669) in 1635. He was a Puritan clergyman from a well-established family of Lowton, Lancashire, England. After he emigrated, he was in great demand as a preacher, finally settling in Dorchester, MA. His son Increase Mather (1639–1723) was a diplomat and president of Harvard. He married his step-sister Maria Cotton, herself the daughter of an eminent Puritan divine, John Cotton. Their son Cotton Mather (1663–1728) bore both family names. The latter was a minister who is remembered for his part in witchcraft trials, but he was also a man of science and a fellow of the Royal Society in London.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Of good character, Clever in amorous sciences (Wife of Lord Krishna)
Boy/Male
Biblical
The science; or knowledge; of God.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Science
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Logical Science
Boy/Male
French Greek
Cyrano de Bergerac was a seventeenth-century soldier and science-fiction writer.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Of good character, Clever in amorous sciences
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Knowledge 'Respect; Science
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Wisdom Learning, Science
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
Knowledge; Wisdom; Learning; Science
Girl/Female
Hindu
Of good character, Clever in amorous sciences (Wife of Lord Krishna)
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
Girl/Female
American, British, English, French, Latin
Majestic; Variant of Augustine; Worthy of Respect
Boy/Male
Hindu
Joyful, Happy, Pleasure (father of Krishna)
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Finnish
Wind
Girl/Female
Tamil
(Celebrity Name: Kumar Gaurav)
Male
French
French name derived from Roman Latin Fabricius, FABRICE means "craftsman."
Girl/Female
Finnish
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Enjoying the Bliss of Soul
Boy/Male
Arabic, British, Indian, Indonesian, Islamic, Muslim, Pakistani
Romantic
Surname or Lastname
English (West Midlands)
English (West Midlands) : habitational name from a place in the West Midlands, recorded in Domesday Book as Tibintone, probably ‘settlement (Old English tūn) associated with Tibba’, an Old English personal name of obscure origin.
Girl/Female
Hebrew American
Oak tree. In literature Ayla is the Cro-Magnon heroine of Jean Auel's 'Clan of rhe Cave Bear'.
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
QUANTIFICATION SCIENCE
n.
That which must exist as the occasion or concomitant of something else; that which is requisite in order that something else should take effect; an essential qualification; stipulation; terms specified.
n.
A process prescribed or assigned for testing qualification; as, the examination of a student, or of a candidate for admission to the bar or the ministry.
n.
Equipment; qualification.
n.
The art or practice of hunting, or the qualification of a hunter.
n.
Legal or noral qualification, as of age, residence, character, etc., necessary for certain purposes, as for holding office, for marrying, for making contracts, will, etc.; legal power or right; competency.
n.
Qualification for any purpose; ability; capacity.
n.
Modification by a reference to quantity; the introduction of the element of quantity.
n.
The act of limiting, or the state of being limited; that which qualifies by limiting; modification; restriction; hence, abatement; diminution; as, to use words without any qualification.
n.
That which qualifies; any natural endowment, or any acquirement, which fits a person for a place, office, or employment, or which enables him to sustian any character with success; an enabling quality or circumstance; requisite capacity or possession.
adv.
In the way of qualification; with modification or qualification.
n.
Any proceeding designed to ascertain truth, to determine character, qualification, etc.; examination; trial; as, to engage a person on probation.
n.
Accomplishment; qualification.
n.
What is peculiarly one's own; peculiar qualification.
a.
Possessing ability, qualification, or susceptibility; having capacity; of sufficient size or strength; as, a room capable of holding a large number; a castle capable of resisting a long assault.
n.
Want of legal qualification to do a thing; legal incapacity or incompetency.
n.
The act of disqualifying, or state of being disqualified; want of qualification; incompetency; disability; as, the disqualification of men for holding certain offices.
v. t.
That which limits; a restriction; a qualification; a restraining condition, defining circumstance, or qualifying conception; as, limitations of thought.
n.
An agent which produces a temporary increase of vital activity in the organism, or in any of its parts; -- sometimes used without qualification to signify an alcoholic beverage used as a stimulant.
v. t.
To deprive of legal right or qualification; to render legally incapable.
n.
The act of qualifying, or the condition of being qualified.