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Byzantine court title
concrete reference to a prōtospatharios occurs in the Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor, who records "Sergios, prōtospatharios and stratēgos of Sicily"
Protospatharios
Michael Protospatharios (Italian: Michele Protospatario) was the Byzantine catepan of Italy from 1031 to 1033. He was sent to Bari after his predecessor
Michael_Protospatharios
Byzantine general
Sico (Italian: Sicone) (died 1054) was a Byzantine protospatharios leading troops in Italy from about 1052. He had a Lombard name, though he was a Greek
Sico_Protospatharios
Province of the Byzantine Empire
of Byzantine Emperor John Tzimiskes (969–976). The seal belonged to protospatharios and katepano of Ras named John. After 976, the region was dominated
Catepanate_of_Ras
Byzantine general and usurper
seals as taxiarches (commander of an infantry regiment), as well as protospatharios and topoteretes (deputy commander) of the Tagmata of Cappadocia, then
Philaretos_Brachamios
Military unit
monk and saint Orestes, prōtospatharios, attended the 869 Church council in Constantinople Nikephoros Tzourakes, prōtospatharios, mid-9th/10th century,
Hikanatoi
Serbian king
1046 to 1081, initially as a Byzantine vassal holding the title of protospatharios, then after 1077 as nominally serving Pope Gregory VII, styled as "King
Mihailo_I_of_Duklja
Byzantine noble family
in 858, was accepted in Constantinople and was awarded the title of protospatharios and later the title of patrikios (patrician), dying between 919 and
Tornikios_family
and may hence be anachronistic as well. John Pikridios c. 789–790 Protospatharios and baioulos to Constantine VI (r. 780–797). He was tortured, tonsured
Baioulos
Constantinople in 879, and the seal of a civil governor (the basilikos protospatharios and archon Ilarion) from the turn of the 10th century. The historian
Vagenetia
Province of the Byzantine Empire
imperial protospatharios and strategos of Samos (ninth/tenth century)". Dumbarton Oaks. Retrieved 2023-07-08. "Theodore imperial protospatharios and strategos
Samos_(theme)
Historical region of Italy
(888–891) Symbatikos Protospatharios (891–892) Georgios Patrikios (892–894) Barsakios (894–895) Melissenos (899–905) Ioannikios Protospatharios (911) Nicholas
Longobardia
Government of the Byzantine Empire
incorporated a part of the upper officialdom; every official from the rank of protospatharios (literally "first sword-bearer"; originally the head of the Emperor's
Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy
Byzantine_bureaucracy_and_aristocracy
King of Norway from 1046 to 1066
first appointed him manglabites (possibly identified with the title protospatharios), a soldier of the imperial guard, after the Sicilian campaign. Following
Harald_Hardrada
Oldest and second-largest city in Bulgaria
Philippopolis as a major strategic fortification, governed by the protospatharios Nikephoros Xiphias. In the middle 11th century, the city was attacked
Plovdiv
Byzantine emperor from 920 to 944
married and was the father of: Helene; she married Konstantinos Radenos, protospatharios; left issue Sophia; she married Pankratios Taronites, patrikios; left
Romanos_I_Lekapenos
Byzantine general (c. 998–1043)
Preceded by Constantine Kabasilas Strategos of the Euphrates Cities Protospatharios In office c. 1032 – 1034 Monarch Romanos III Argyros Strategos of Telouch
George_Maniakes
Byzantine office
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Akolouthos
Island in the Mediterranean and region of Italy
two names of those rulers are known: Salousios (Σαλούσιος) and the protospatharios Tourkotourios (Tουρκοτούριος) from two inscriptions), who probably
Sardinia
Comune in Basilicata, Italy
Byzantine hands despite the Norman advances – in 1054 died Sico, the protospatharios of Matera. The city was seized in April 1064 as an independent acquisition
Matera
Province of the Byzantine Empire
1000), patrician Bracheon Philaretos (c. 1028), protospatharios Eumathios (1028), protospatharios Doux (katepano) Michael Karantenos (1088–1089), vestarch
Byzantine_Crete
Province of the Byzantine Empire in the Italian Peninsula (965–1071)
Burgaris July 1029 – June 1032 Pothos Argyros 1032 – May 1033 Michael Protospatharios May 1033 – 1038 Constantine Opos 1038–1039 Michael Spondyles February
Catepanate_of_Italy
Byzantine catapan of Italy from 1033 to 1038. He replaced Michael Protospatharios. The record of a strategos named Leo Opos, sent to Italy at about the
Constantine_Opos_(catepan)
Imperial title in the Roman and Byzantine Empires
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Caesar_(title)
reign of Emperor Leo VI the Wise (r. 886–912) by the otherwise unknown prōtospatharios and atriklinēs Philotheos. As atriklinēs, Philotheos would have been
Kletorologion
City in southern Serbia
Justin I, (Flavius Iustinus) – ruled 518 to 527 Nikephoros Lykaon protospatharios c. 1050 Stevan Sinđelić, war leader (vojvoda), died in 1809 in the
Niš
Roman longsword
was a mid-level court title. Other variants deriving from it were protospatharios, spatharokandidatos and spatharokoubikoularios, the latter reserved
Spatha
Periodic comet
apparition in their petroglyphs. The Italo-Byzantine chronicle of Lupus the Protospatharios mentions that a "comet-star" appeared in the sky in the year 1067 (the
Halley's_Comet
mentions the date of foundation as 1060–1061. The donors are named as the Protospatharios Michael Skepides, the nun Katherine, and the monk Nyphonos. A collection
Soğanlı_Valley
Byzantine court title
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Sebastokrator
the name of a man, Peter, who was α'σπαθάριος καὶ ἐπί τῶν βαρβάρων ("protospatharios and in charge of the barbarians"), which is dated to the 9th century
Bureau_of_Barbarians
Romance-speaking populations in the Balkans
(1075–1078) about the revolt in 1066 in the region of Thessaly under the protospatharios Nikoulitzas Delphinas, nephew of the homonymous 10th century military
Vlachs
Province of the Byzantine Empire
Seal of Andronikos, protospatharios and krites of Boleron, Strymon, and Thessalonica
Strymon_(theme)
expelled and fled to Byzantine emperor Basil I who gave him the title of Protospatharios and gave him command over the town of Oria. Preradovic´, Dubraka (2021)
Guaifer_of_Benevento
Diogenes, protospatharios and strategos of Morava has been preserved. The Byzantines established control over Ras, evident in the seal of protospatharios and
Theme_of_Serbia
Head of the Catholic Church from 687 to 701
and abduction to Constantinople by his notoriously violent bodyguard protospatharios Zacharias. However, the militia of the exarch of Ravenna and the Duchy
Pope_Sergius_I
Church on the island of Naxos, Greece
narthex there is an interesting dedicatory inscription of John the Protospatharios. The inscription of a high-ranking Byzantine official is of wider importance
Church of Saint George Diasoritis
Church_of_Saint_George_Diasoritis
of the Vlachs of Hellas. The younger Nikoulitzas bore the rank of protospatharios, but is not known to have had any official position. Nikoulitzas had
Nikoulitzas_Delphinas
Byzantine general
counter the emergence of the Norman menace in the area. One Sico, a protospatharios, was sent to assist him. Argyrus commanded the Byzantine army, which
Argyrus_(catepan_of_Italy)
rapidly after his entry into Leo's personal service, he was made a protospatharios in 900. By 903, he had apparently become, in the words of Shaun Tougher
Samonas
Commander of the Imperial Fleet of the Byzantine navy
Typical dignities associated with the post where the senior ranks of prōtospatharios, patrikios, and anthypatos. The office reached its heyday during the
Droungarios_of_the_Fleet
where Byzantine control was loose. In reply, Theophilos raised him to protospatharios and appointed him strategos in Cherson, thus founding the theme of
Petronas_Kamateros
Byzantine Greek noble family
at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071. Adralestos Diogenes (fl. 971), protospatharios and strategos of Morava. Constantine Diogenes (d. 1032), strategos
Diogenes_(Byzantine_family)
Eunuch official in the Byzantine court
papias' (μέγας παπίας, megas papias), and usually holding the rank of protospatharios, he was the concierge of the palace and responsible for its security
Papias_(Byzantine_office)
kneeling at his feet, identified in the inscription as Constantine the protospatharios, Leo’s brother and founder of the St. Nicholas monastery to which the
Leo_Bible
Ancient Roman title
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Primicerius
Chief magistrate of Venetian Republic
reference to Venice's subordinate status. Titles like hypatos, spatharios, protospatharios, protosebastos and protoproedros were granted by the emperor to the
Doge_of_Venice
been his nephew. A surviving lead seal of office gives his titles as "protospatharios and katepano [catepan] of Italy". According to Lupus Protospatharius
Pothos_Argyros_(11th_century)
Province of the Byzantine Empire
Leo Choirosphaktes' embassy to Bulgaria (896/904) Leo Rhabdouchos, protospatharios and strategos of Dyrrhachium in 917 Constantine, imperial spatharios
Dyrrhachium_(theme)
Byzantine official and chief minister under Romanos I
the imperial dromon) and loyal partisan of Romanos, to the post of protospatharios tes phiales, which had been held until then by one of the men implicated
John_the_Rhaiktor
Byzantine empress from 1057 to 1059
of Komnenos" recorded as having been engaged to the daughter of the protospatharios Helios. He died sometime between 1042 and 1057. Maria Komnene (born
Catherine_of_Bulgaria
Knez of Zahumlje
Zahumlje, and recipient of Byzantine ranks and titles, he was styled as "protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou, hypatos, strategos of Serbia and Zahumlje"
Ljutovid_of_Zahumlje
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Konostaulos
Byzantine aristocrat and admiral
The first is recorded by Constantine VII as having held the rank of protospatharios and the court post of domestikos of the hypourgia (head assistant to
Constantine_Lips
Diokleia (10th- or 11th century) John, protospatharios and katepano of Ras (fl. 971–976) Ljutovid, protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou, hypatos, strategos
Medieval_Serbian_nobility
Ban of Croatia in the 11th century
Božeteh as Croatian ban. He eventually attained an imperial title of protospatharios somewhere between 1035 and 1042, which governed his influence over
Stephen_Praska
Byzantine catepan of Italy
the same region. Michael Dokeianos is first mentioned in 1040, as protospatharios and doux, when he was sent to southern Italy to assume command of the
Michael_Dokeianos
Municipality in Greece
inscriptions date the church securely to 873/4, naming its sponsor as the Protospatharios Leon, who served as a senior official of the emperor Basil I during
Orchomenus_(Boeotia)
Theme of the Byzantine Empire
Bucellarian strategoi ranged from the mid-level spatharios to the higher protospatharios, with a single occurrence of the more exalted patrikios in the 10th
Bucellarian_Theme
in Latin sources Trachaniota and Trachamoti) was an imperial protospatharios and the long-reigning catepan of Italy from 998 to 1006. He assumed
Gregory_Tarchaneiotes
Byzantine Court Title
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Panhypersebastos
Byzantine emperor from 1028 to 1034
Orseolo. He served as krites (judge) in Opsikion, with the rank of protospatharios (one of the highest judicial ranks, usually awarded to senior generals
Romanos_III_Argyros
Byzantine catepan of Italy
Christophoros Burgaris (Greek: Χριστόφορος Βούλγαρης) was an imperial protospatharios and the short-tenured successor of the famous Basil Boioannes as catepan
Christophoros_Burgaris
Senior official in Byzantine bureaucracy
sigillographic evidence, the holders of the office held the dignities of protospatharios, patrikios and anthypatos. Among others, the Patriarch Photios (858–867
Protasekretis
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Epi_tes_trapezes
11th-century Byzantine church and UNESCO World Heritage site in Thessaloniki, Greece
inscription above the west entrance, the church was built in 1028 by the protospatharios Christopher, katepano of Longobardia, and his wife, son, and two daughters
Church_of_Panagia_Chalkeon
Niketas was a eunuch, but also a pious and god-fearing man. He was named protospatharios and droungarios of the Fleet (commander-in-chief of the central Imperial
Niketas_Abalantes
Byzantine general and administrator
of the family is an extant lead seal of the strategos (general) and protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou Theodore Kamytzes, dating to 1030–1050. Eustathios
Eustathios_Kamytzes
Byzantine noble family
Dermokaites. Nicholas Dermokaites, protospatharios and strategos of Serbia (mid-11th century) Eustathios Dermokaites, protospatharios and tagmatophylax (mid-11th
Dermokaites
Byzantine title
century, the title rose again in importance, apparently outranking the protospatharios, but disappeared entirely by the mid-12th century. The title was often
Hypatos
Byzantine military rank
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Droungarios
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 858 to 867 and from 877 to 886
regency of the Byzantine Empire. Photius became a captain of the guard (protospatharios) and subsequently chief imperial secretary (Protasekretis). At an uncertain
Photios_I_of_Constantinople
Byzantine imperial guards
time, the court dignities they held rose to the much loftier ranks of prōtospatharios ('first sword-bearer') and even patrikios ('patrician'). The Escorial
Excubitors
Byzantine general (11th century)
Sicilian campaign of George Maniakes. There, Kekaumenos, with the rank of protospatharios, commanded a contingent from the Armeniac Theme and led the successful
Katakalon_Kekaumenos
Medieval Balkan principality
an independent Slavic ruler of Zahumlje, styled himself "Ljutovit, protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou, hypatos, strategos" of Serbia and Zahumlje
Zachlumia
ek prosōpou of the logothetēs tōn agelōn, asekretis and imperial prōtospatharios" Hagiotheodorites c. 1258 Theodore II Laskaris Unknown first name.
Logothetes_ton_agelon
Diocese of the Serbian Orthodox Church
the region on both the Serbian and Bulgarian part of border, with protospatharios John appointed as governor (catepan) of Ras. After the victorious Byzantine
Eparchy_of_Raška_and_Prizren
Byzantine statesman
standing with Basil or his career, for by the end of Basil's reign he was protospatharios and megas hetaireiarches (senior commander of the hetaireia). Leo spent
Stylianos_Zaoutzes
Byzantine general
in southern Thrace. Varzos also considers Manuel a brother of the protospatharios Nikephoros Komnenos, who was named governor of the Armenian region
Manuel_Erotikos_Komnenos
Byzantine court official
Irene was deposed in 802. Aetios first appears in 790, when he was a protospatharios and a confidant of Irene, then the Byzantine empress-mother and regent
Aetios_(eunuch)
Byzantine court title; curopalate
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Kouropalates
Byzantine guards and officials
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Vestiaritai
Period of Serbian history in the 6th to 16th centuries
order. For example, Prince Ljutovid was given the Byzantine title of protospatharios epi tou Chrysotriklinou (literally, "first sword-bearer") and at some
Serbia_in_the_Middle_Ages
Region of ancient Armenia
(theme), whose governor (strategos or doux) usually bore the rank of protospatharios. In the middle of the 11th century, it was united with the theme of
Taron_(historic_Armenia)
Byzantine orphanage curator title
in the 9th–11th centuries were those of anthypatos, patrikios and protospatharios; this was restricted to the secular holders of the office, however
Orphanotrophos
Byzantine governor and general (died 792)
the Thracesian Theme, and given the rank of patrikios and imperial protospatharios according to his seal. He soon began a harsh repression of the monasteries
Michael_Lachanodrakon
Senior Byzantine military, and later judicial, post
usually held the senior court dignities of anthypatos, patrikios or prōtospatharios. Note: the list does not include holders known only through their seals
Droungarios_of_the_Watch
Byzantine court position
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Protovestiarios
Byzantine nobleman and diplomat
diplomat. He served as the strategos of Dyrrachion and was promoted from protospatharios to that of magistros, and became Logothete of the Drome (foreign minister)
Leo_Rhabdouchos
and headed collectively by a dedicated official with the title of prōtospatharios tōn basilikōn. Both the simple mandatores and the basilikoi mandatores
Mandator
Byzantine theme (administrative district)
Seal of Nikephoros Kassiteras, protospatharios and strategos of Cherson
Cherson_(theme)
Roman imperial bodyguards
ones"). The officer leading the imperial spatharioi held the title prōtospatharios ("first spatharios"), which became a separate dignity probably in the
Spatharios
Bari during the final years of Byzantine rule. He held the rank of protospatharios under the empire. His father was named Ioannakes. When the Normans
Argyritzos
governor (strategos) of the Theme of the Peloponnese in ca. 921/2. The protospatharios John Proteuon was the military governor (strategos) of the theme of
John_Proteuon
Byzantine military leader
but was forced to replace him soon after due to his ineptitude. The protospatharios Nikephoros Komnenos was chosen to succeed Basil Argyros as governor
Nikephoros_Komnenos
Term in the Greek military
horse-breeding farms, the komes tou staulou (Count of the Stable) and the protospatharios of the basilikoi anthropoi. By the late 11th century, this technical
Stratarches
temple was designed as a funerary monument for its sponsor, Leo, the Protospatharios of the palace guard of the Byzantine Emperor (873/874 AD). A vertical
Panagia_Skripou_Monastery
Calendar year
(Argyros) sends a Byzantine expeditionary army under General Michael Protospatharios, which includes Western auxiliaries and elite troops of Asia Minor
1032
10/11th-century Byzantine military officer
family, and the chronicles represent him very much as a "new man". A prōtospatharios and asēkrētis Basil Ouranos, possibly an elder relative, is attested
Nikephoros_Ouranos
Byzantine court position, usually reserved for eunuchs
Domestikos ton scholon Megas droungarios tou stolou Primmikerios tes aules Protospatharios Megas archon Tatas tes aules Megas tzaousios Praitor tou demou Logothetes
Parakoimomenos
PROTOSPATHARIOS
PROTOSPATHARIOS
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Boy/Male
Celtic Welsh
Mythical son of Gwynham.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Farsi, Iranian, Muslim, Parsi
Flame
Girl/Female
Danish, German
Lion's Strength
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
King John' James Jurney, servant to Lady Faulconbridge.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Goddess Durga
Girl/Female
Australian, Welsh
White Footprint; Track of the Holy
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
The Life of Timon of Athens'.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Lion
Girl/Female
Tamil
Girl/Female
Hindu
Crescent Moon
PROTOSPATHARIOS
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PROTOSPATHARIOS