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Issued by individual, company or group
A private currency is a currency issued by a private entity, be it an individual, a commercial business, a nonprofit or decentralized common enterprise
Private_currency
Private currency produced in the United States
The American Liberty Dollar (ALD) was a private currency produced in the United States. The currency was issued in minted metal rounds (similar to coins)
Liberty dollar (private currency)
Liberty_dollar_(private_currency)
Medium of exchange complementing national currencies
Many private currencies are complementary currencies issued by private businesses or organizations. Other terms include alternative currency, auxiliary
Complementary_currency
One exchangeable between paricipants in a limited area
Local currency is a currency that can be spent in a particular geographical locality at participating organisations. A regional currency is a form of local
Local_currency
World currencies
exchange rate) currencies, there are only 130 currencies that are independent or pegged to a currency basket. U.S. dollar, the official currency of the United
List of circulating currencies
List_of_circulating_currencies
Scrip issued by a company to pay its employees
Company scrip is scrip (a substitute for government-issued legal tender or currency) issued by a company to pay its employees. It can only be exchanged in
Company_scrip
Currency of the United Kingdom
Sterling (symbol: £; currency code: GBP) is the currency of the United Kingdom and nine of its associated territories and formerly of the Kingdom of England
Pound_sterling
Trading exchange for crypto- and digital currencies
exchange, or a digital currency exchange (DCE), is a business that allows customers to trade cryptocurrencies or digital currencies for other assets, such
Cryptocurrency_exchange
Standardization of money
A currency is a standardized form of money, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes, coins, electronic balances in online
Currency
Reliable and stable globally-traded currency
In macroeconomics, hard currency, sound money, safe-haven currency, or strong currency is any globally traded currency that serves as a reliable and stable
Hard_currency
Privatization of foreign currency risk, also known as foreign currency risk privatization, is a financial system established under at the Bretton Woods
Privatized foreign currency risk
Privatized_foreign_currency_risk
Cryptocurrency project
the American social media company Facebook. The plan also included a private currency implemented as a cryptocurrency. The launch was originally planned
Diem_(digital_currency)
Medium to store keys for signing cryptocurrency transactions
physical medium, program or an online service which stores the public and/or private keys for cryptocurrency transactions. In addition to this basic function
Cryptocurrency_wallet
Currency of the European Union
The euro (symbol: €; currency code: EUR) is the official currency of 21 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of states is officially
Euro
Currency stored on electronic systems
Digital currency (digital money, electronic money or electronic currency) is any currency, money, or money-like asset that is primarily managed, stored
Digital_currency
Private digital accounting unit
the currency can be withdrawn as fiat once purchased. Complementary currency Digital currency Private currency Stablecoin "Ven is social currency" (Press
Ven_(currency)
Currency moving with commodity prices
A commodity currency is a currency that co-moves with the world prices of primary commodity products, due to these countries' heavy dependency on the export
Commodity_currency
Swiss bank that issues a complementary currency (WIR franc)
issues and manages a private currency, called the WIR franc, which is used in combination with the Swiss franc to generate dual-currency transactions. The
WIR_Bank
Cryptocurrency aimed at privacy
allowing units of the currency to be treated equally regardless of their transaction history. Users also have the option to share private viewing keys, allowing
Zcash
Cryptocurrency platform
and the digital asset (known as "ripples") using XRP as the three-letter currency code to follow the naming convention of BTC for Bitcoin. The technology
XRP_Ledger
the use of currencies. After colonisation on 26 January 1788, New South Wales became a British colony, and was provided with English currency to be used
History of Australian currency
History_of_Australian_currency
Chinese currency
coins in the yuan currency system in 1903. Banknotes were issued in yuan denominations from the 1890s by several local and private banks, along with banks
Yuan_(currency)
The currencies of Puerto Rico closely follow the historic development of the territory. As a Province of Spain (Autonomous Community) and a territory of
Currencies_of_Puerto_Rico
Privacy-focused cryptocurrency
(/məˈnɛroʊ/; abbreviation: XMR) is a blockchain-based cryptocurrency which is private, untraceable, fungible, and decentralized. The protocol is open source
Monero
Any substitute for legal tender or currency
reasons. Scrips have been used in local commerce at times when regular currency was unavailable, including remote coal towns, military bases, ships on
Scrip
early 20th century limited means of payment got rather widespread among private individuals - owners of commercial firms, shop owners, owners of profitable
Private currency in pre-revolutionary Russia
Private_currency_in_pre-revolutionary_Russia
Faux currency that is clearly inauthentic
Promotional fake United States currency is fantasy "currency", adapted from United States currency that makes no assertion of being legal tender and is
Promotional fake United States currency
Promotional_fake_United_States_currency
during the 18th century. These trading companies set up private banks which issued paper currencies in Indian subcontinent first. But these notes were text-based
History of paper currency in the Indian subcontinent
History_of_paper_currency_in_the_Indian_subcontinent
Currency of the United States
The United States dollar (symbol: $; currency code: USD) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries. The Coinage Act of
United_States_dollar
Defunct corporate scrip sold by The Walt Disney Company
(Disney's private island in the Caribbean). Disney Dollars were first used in Disneyland on May 5, 1987, while Walt Disney World started with the currency being
Disney_Dollars
Fractional gold bullion in a banknote style marketed as a 'Goldback'
The Goldback is a fractional gold commercial product marketed as a local currency and commodity which has seen limited use in some U.S. states, and is sold
Goldback
The neutral unit of construction or neutral unit of currency (code: NUC) is a private currency used by the airline industry, to record fare calculation
Neutral_unit_of_construction
British legislation regulating colonial money in America
in paper currency for public but not private debts. Parliament extended these concessions to the other colonies in 1773 via the Paper Currency in America
Currency_Act
Index of articles associated with the same name
Liberty dollar may refer to: Liberty dollar (private currency), a private currency produced in the United States Ron Paul dollar, a 2007 coin minted by
Liberty_dollar
Digital form of fiat money
central bank digital currency (CBDC) is a digital version of an official currency, created by a central bank rather than by private companies. Unlike cryptocurrencies
Central_bank_digital_currency
Currency of China
Rénmínbì; lit. 'People's Currency'; pronounced [ʐən˧˥min˧˥pi˥˩]; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic
Renminbi
Canadian retail loyalty program
for real Canadian currency. Paper CTM coupons resemble real banknotes. The notes are printed on paper similar to what Canadian currency was printed on when
Canadian_Tire_money
Currencies held by monetary authorities as part of their foreign exchange reserves
A reserve currency is a foreign currency that is held by governments, central banks or other monetary authorities as part of their foreign exchange reserves
Reserve_currency
Cryptocurrency
consensus), it uses a voting system with weight based on the amount of currency an account holds. Nano was launched in October 2015 by Colin LeMahieu to
Nano_(cryptocurrency)
Repealed Australian law
imposed a fine for issuing a private currency. Section 44 of the Reserve Bank Act 1959 now prohibits private and state currencies. Money portal Section 51(xii)
Bank_Notes_Tax_Act_1910
Exchange rate regime where a currency's value is fixed against another value
in which a currency's value is fixed, or pegged, by a monetary authority against the value of another currency, a basket of other currencies, or another
Fixed_exchange_rate_system
Global decentralized trading of international currencies
market (forex, FX, or currency market) is a global decentralized or over-the-counter (OTC) market for the trading of currencies. This market determines
Foreign_exchange_market
Currency from items of intrinsic value
Digital gold currency Hawala History of money Metallism Private currency Real de alerce – an instance of wood money Demurrage currency Prison commissary
Commodity_money
Topics referred to by the same term
Liquidated damages Liberian dollar, the currency of Liberia Libyan dinar, the currency of Libya Liberty dollar (private currency), produced in the US LD (cigarette)
LD
Use of a foreign currency in parallel to or instead of a domestic currency
Currency substitution, also known as dollarization, is the use of a foreign currency in parallel to or instead of a domestic currency. Currency substitution
Currency_substitution
This article provides a historical summary of the currency used in Ecuador. The present currency of Ecuador is the United States dollar. Peso = 8 Reales
Currency_of_Ecuador
Stock in an unlisted private company
Private equity (PE) is stock in a private company that does not offer stock to the general public. Instead, it is offered to specialized investment funds
Private_equity
Canadian petrol station
petroleum business. After three years Hogarth quit his job and founded his own private brand service station business in 1956. The first of the Pioneer Petroleums
Pioneer_Energy
Economy in the online video game
the presence of a currency exchange has led to the Linden Dollar being recognised as a centralized virtual currency, a fiat currency, or property. A resident
Economy_of_Second_Life
Currency of Indonesia
The rupiah (symbol: Rp; currency code: IDR) is the official currency and sole legal tender in Indonesia. It is issued and managed by Bank Indonesia, while
Indonesian_rupiah
is an American financial technology company that operates a digital private currency (the BizX dollar) that facilitates business-to-business exchange of
BizX
Digital asset using a distributed ledger
keys before they could be sent to a recipient. This allowed the digital currency to be untraceable by a third party. In 1996, the National Security Agency
Cryptocurrency
US currency larger than $100
Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969. Since then, U.S. dollar banknotes
Large denominations of United States currency
Large_denominations_of_United_States_currency
Swiss businessman and financier (born 1948)
Play SRF. Retrieved 20 May 2024 – via srf.ch. "Urs Schwarzenbach: the private currency trader with Swiss tax authorities on his case". inkl. 20 May 2016.
Urs_Schwarzenbach
Direct reciprocal exchange of goods or services without the use of money
Complementary currencies Gift economy International trade List of international trade topics Local exchange trading system Natural economy Private currency Property
Barter
1976 Friedrich Hayek book
on their own. Hayek advocates a system of private currency in which financial institutions create currencies that compete for acceptance. Stability in
The Denationalisation of Money
The_Denationalisation_of_Money
Defunct cryptocurrency launched by Burger King
Whopper could be obtained for every "five or six" purchased with normal currency. The BBC also added that customers would be able to claim coins by scanning
WhopperCoin
Maltese physician (1933–2021)
as governments now do – by printing it. He put forward the idea of private currency as a claim on products or services produced by the issuer. In the Handbook
Edward_de_Bono
California gold rush currency
gold coinage is a broad category of privately-issued coin-like items that were used in place of official currency in the United States territory (later
California_gold_coinage
Currency of Japan
(Japanese: 円; symbol: ¥; code: JPY) is the official currency of Japan. It is the third-most traded currency in the foreign exchange market, after the United
Japanese_yen
Currency of Australia from 1910 to 1966
distinction) was the currency of Australia from 1910 until 14 February 1966, when it was replaced by the Australian dollar. Like other £sd currencies, it was subdivided
Australian_pound
Rapidly accelerating inflation
value of the local currency, as the prices of all goods increase. This causes people to minimize their holdings in that currency as they usually switch
Hyperinflation
Money in the English/British American colonies and the pre-1789 United States
Early American currency went through several stages of development during the colonial and post-Revolutionary history of the United States. John Hull was
Early_American_currency
Privacy protocol
Popper, Nathaniel (November 2016). "Zcash, a Harder-to-Trace Virtual Currency, Generates Price Frenzy". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 November 2018
Zerocoin_protocol
American economist (born 1936)
monetary exchange alternatives, including private credit clearing systems, complementary currencies and local currencies. Greco earned his bachelor's degree
Thomas_H._Greco_Jr.
Currency of the Dominican Republic
dollar, it is the only currency that is legal tender in the Dominican Republic for all monetary transactions, whether public or private. Until the promulgation
Dominican_peso
Digital currency and money transfer service
Liberty Reserve was a Costa Rica-based centralized digital currency service that billed itself as the "oldest, safest and most popular payment processor
Liberty_Reserve
Money held by a central bank to pay debts, if needed
exchange rate of its currency, and to maintain confidence in financial markets. Reserves are held in one or more reserve currencies, mostly the United States
Foreign_exchange_reserves
Virtual currency used on Facebook
Facebook Credits was a virtual currency that enabled people to purchase items in games and non-gaming applications on the Facebook Platform. One U.S. dollar
Facebook_Credits
Cryptocurrency
Rachel (12 November 2020). "'Year of the CBDC'? Central Bank Digital Currencies More Popular than Ever". Finance Magnates. Retrieved 11 May 2021. "Release
Firo_(cryptocurrency)
The history of Chinese currency spans more than 3000 years from ancient China to imperial China and modern China. Currency of some type has been used
History_of_Chinese_currency
Cryptocurrency
Popper, Nathaniel (24 November 2013). "In Bitcoin's orbit: Rival virtual currencies vie for acceptance". The New York Times. Archived from the original on
Peercoin
Book by Hongbing Song
Currency Wars (simplified Chinese: 货币战争; traditional Chinese: 貨幣戰爭; pinyin: Huòbì zhànzhēng), also referred to as The Currency War, is an antisemitic essay
Currency_Wars
American manufacturer of cotton based paper products
Crane Currency is an American manufacturer that supplies central banks with design services, currency papers, and banknote printing services as well as
Crane_Currency
A variety of currencies are tender in the United Kingdom, its overseas territories and crown dependencies. This list covers all of those currently in circulation
List_of_British_currencies
Regional financial crisis that struck East and Southeast Asia in 1997–1998
and South Korea saw slumping currencies, devalued stock markets and other asset prices, and a precipitous rise in private debt. Foreign debt-to-GDP ratios
1997_Asian_financial_crisis
regions by global financial assets, the total privately owned assets by residents payable in currency, stocks, and bonds. This table is based upon the
List of countries by financial assets
List_of_countries_by_financial_assets
Financial assistance package
funds and investments from private banks. On 9 January 2026 Scott Bessent said that Argentina had fully repaid the currency swap and it that generated
2025 United States–Argentina currency swap
2025_United_States–Argentina_currency_swap
Virtual currency of the International Union of Railways
of use. Money portal Numismatics portal Private currency Neutral Unit of Construction (NUC) – a related currency for the airline ticketing industry de Fontgalland
UIC_franc
Currency not backed by any commodity
Fiat money or fiat currency is a type of government-issued currency, generally created by a central bank, authorized by government regulation to be legal
Fiat_money
Currency of Cuba
CUP) also known as moneda nacional (Spanish for 'national currency'), is the official currency of Cuba. The Cuban peso was established by a Cuban law on
Cuban_peso
Parliamentary act creating Australian pound as national currency on 16 September 1910
of this Act and not redeemed", which effectively ended the use of private currency in Australia. As transitional measures, blank note forms of 16 banks
Australian_Notes_Act_1910
American economist (born 1942)
known for his work on currency boards, dollarization, hyperinflation, water pricing and demand, benefit-cost analysis, privatization, and other topics in
Steve_Hanke
Type of financial crisis
A currency crisis is a type of financial crisis, and is often associated with a real economic crisis. A currency crisis raises the probability of a banking
Currency_crisis
Electronic money
Digital gold currency (DGC) is a form of digital currency based on mass units of gold. The typical unit of account for such currency is linked to grams
Digital_gold_currency
Proposed space currency by Travelex
Quasi Universal Intergalactic Denomination (QUID) is a proposed "space currency" created as a viral marketing campaign launched by Travelex with the London-based
Quasi Universal Intergalactic Denomination
Quasi_Universal_Intergalactic_Denomination
Local currency
Detroit Community Scrip, also called Detroit Cheers, was a local currency used in Detroit, Michigan, first issued in April 2009. Modeled upon the local
Detroit_Community_Scrip
Decentralized digital cryptocurrency
as a currency began in 2009, with the release of its open-source implementation. From 2021 to 2025, El Salvador adopted it as legal tender currency before
Bitcoin
Currency of Barbados
The Barbadian dollar (sign: $; code: BBD) is the official currency in Barbados. It is often abbreviated to international unofficial abbreviations in Barbados
Barbadian_dollar
Medium of payment recognized by law
federal law stating that a private business, a person, or a government organization must accept currency or coins for payment. Private businesses are free to
Legal_tender
Currency of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States
The Eastern Caribbean dollar (symbol: EC$; code: XCD) is the currency of all seven full members and one associate member of the Organisation of Eastern
Eastern_Caribbean_dollar
Obsolete unit of account of the European Community
The European Currency Unit (French: Unité de compte européenne, Spanish: Unidad Monetaria Europea, German: Europäische Währungseinheit ; ⟨₠⟩, ECU, or XEU)
European_Currency_Unit
Currency of Mexico
Mexican peso (symbol: $; currency code: MXN; also abbreviated Mex$ to distinguish it from other peso-denominated currencies; referred to as the peso,
Mexican_peso
Public offering of digital securities
securities. Initial coin offering Initial public offering Alternative currencies Private currency Digital asset Browne, Ryan (8 January 2019). "Apple and Tesla
Security_token_offering
Local currency
The Toronto dollar was a paper local currency used in Toronto, Ontario, from 1998 to 2013. It had fixed exchange rates with the Canadian dollar. A lower
Toronto_dollar
One of the first forms of paper money
recognised form of currency by the local government, with a standard exchange fee of 30 wén per string of cash in paper currency. As bankruptcy plagued
Jiaozi_(currency)
From 221 BCE
the private sector issuing their own paper currency. By the Republic period, currency creation and circulation moved away from traditional private banks
History of monetary policy in China
History_of_monetary_policy_in_China
Currency of the Isle of Man, at par with sterling
Manninagh; in order to distinguish it from other similar-named currencies), is the currency of the Isle of Man, at parity with sterling. The Manx pound is
Manx_pound
Work that employs people against their will
either: goods, a form of payment known as truck wages, or tokens, private currency ("scrip") or direct credit, to be used at a company store, owned by
Forced_labour
present currency of Uruguay, see Uruguayan peso. Uruguay private banknotes from the Peso and Doblón and Peso issuing periods. Uruguay's currency was initially
Currency_of_Uruguay
PRIVATE CURRENCY
PRIVATE CURRENCY
Girl/Female
Indian
Lovable; Sweet Person
Male
English
Anglicized form of Hebrew unisex Malak, MALACH means "angel, messenger." In the bible, malak is a word used to denote a messenger from God or from a private individual.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Personal; Intrinsic; Hybrid; Private
Male
Native American
Native American Hopi name PIVANE means "weasel."
Surname or Lastname
French
French : from the personal name Privat, Latin Privatus (from privatus ‘private citizen’, i.e. not a public official). This was the name of several early saints, including a bishop of Mende, martyred in the 3rd century.English : habitational name from a place in Hampshire, which probably gets its name from an unrecorded Old English word pryfet ‘privet’. This word is found from an early date in place names, for example Privett Farm in Standlynch, Wiltshire, which could be a source of the surname, but as a vocabulary element it is not recorded before the 16th century.
Boy/Male
Gaelic
Son of a prelate.
Male
Irish
Irish Gaelic byname FOGHLAIDH means "pirate, plunderer."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Prayer
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Son of Satarupa
Surname or Lastname
French
French : occupational name for an official in charge of the private chambers of his master, Old French chamberlenc. See also Chamberlain.English : variant of Chamberlain.
Biblical
armed with a dart
Female
Hebrew
(מַלְ×ָךְ) Hebrew unisex name MALAK means "angel, messenger." In the bible, this is a word used to denote a messenger from God or from a private individual. Compare with another form of Malak.
Male
Egyptian
, a private gentleman of the XVIIIth dynasty.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Secrecy; Privacy
Boy/Male
Biblical
Armed with a dart.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Secrecy; Privacy
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a robber, marauder, or pirate.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Thai
History; Morning
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a house servant who attended his master in his private quarters (see Bower 2).Americanized spelling of German Bauermann, a variant of Bauer.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, English, French, German, Greek, Latin, Swedish
Heavenly; Moon; Of Sky; Goddess of the Moon; Divine; Similar to Celia or Selena; A French Pirate Name is Celine Le Beak
PRIVATE CURRENCY
PRIVATE CURRENCY
Surname or Lastname
English, Irish, and German
English, Irish, and German : variant of Korell.
Boy/Male
English Scandinavian American
Heathland of the roe deer.
Girl/Female
German
Strong as Man
Girl/Female
Tamil
Punasvitha | பà¯à®¨à®¾à®¸à¯à®µà¯€à®¤à®¾
Boy/Male
Australian, Scandinavian
Form of Lawrence
Boy/Male
Muslim
Bright, Shining
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit
Excited
Girl/Female
Muslim
Right guidance
Boy/Male
Tamil
Boy/Male
Indian, Traditional
Bold
PRIVATE CURRENCY
PRIVATE CURRENCY
PRIVATE CURRENCY
PRIVATE CURRENCY
PRIVATE CURRENCY
a.
Not publicly known; not open; secret; as, a private negotiation; a private understanding.
adv.
In a private manner; not openly; without the presence of others.
n.
A private friend; a confidential friend; a confidant.
v. i.
To cruise in a privateer.
n.
The private parts; the genitals.
a.
Of or belonging to a probate, or court of probate; as, a probate record.
a.
Sequestered from company or observation; appropriated to an individual; secret; secluded; lonely; solitary; as, a private room or apartment; private prayer.
a.
A private matter or business; a secret.
a.
One of the Primates.
n.
The commander of a privateer.
n.
See Privity, 2.
n.
A privative prefix or suffix. See Privative, a., 3.
a.
Private knowledge; joint knowledge with another of a private concern; cognizance implying consent or concurrence.
a.
Belonging to, or concerning, an individual person, company, or interest; peculiar to one's self; unconnected with others; personal; one's own; not public; not general; separate; as, a man's private opinion; private property; a private purse; private expenses or interests; a private secretary.
n.
A private matter; a secret.
a.
Having secret or private knowledge; privy.
a.
The genitals; the privates.
a.
Privacy; secrecy; confidence.
n.
Privacy; retirement.
a.
Not invested with, or engaged in, public office or employment; as, a private citizen; private life.