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Converts light into current
A photodiode is a semiconductor diode sensitive to photon radiation, such as visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays. It
Photodiode
Highly sensitive semiconductor electronic device
An avalanche photodiode (APD) is a highly sensitive type of photodiode, which in general are semiconductor diodes that convert light into electricity
Avalanche_photodiode
Optical diode invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa
photodetectors, and high-voltage power electronics applications. The PIN photodiode was invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa and his colleagues in 1950. It is a
PIN_diode
Image sensor, consisting of an integrated circuit
where each pixel sensor unit cell has a photodetector (typically a pinned photodiode) and one or more active transistors. APS sensors are used in digital camera
Active-pixel_sensor
Electronic component
opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer
Opto-isolator
Device that converts images into electronic signals
an analog device, a pinned photodiode. When light strikes the chip it is held as a small electrical charge in each photodiode. The charges in the line of
Image_sensor
Amplifier that converts current to voltage
that is more linear than their voltage response. This is the case with photodiodes where it is not uncommon for the current response to have better than
Transimpedance_amplifier
Solid-state photodetector
Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode (G-APD or GM-APD) is a solid-state photodetector within the same family as photodiodes and avalanche photodiodes (APDs), while
Single-photon_avalanche_diode
Electrical circuit used to power a LED
the LED to cool off. In addition to emission, an LED can be used as a photodiode in light detection. This capability may be used in a variety of applications
LED_circuit
Instrument for measuring solar irradiance
0,1% • °C) A photodiode-based pyranometer is composed by a housing dome, a photodiode, and a diffuser or optical filters. The photodiode has a small surface
Pyranometer
Sensors of light or other electromagnetic energy
by performance metrics like spectral response. Common types include photodiodes, phototransistors, and photomultiplier tubes, each suited to specific
Photodetector
Discrete device in an electronic system
– a diode that emits light Photodiode – passes current in proportion to incident light Avalanche photodiode – photodiode with internal gain Solar Cell
Electronic_component
Micro-electronic component
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
System_on_a_chip
35 mm rangefinder camera by Leica AG
1975-2020 - 2021 - 45 cameras Features include an integrated silicon photodiode TTL lightmeter that works from EV-2 to EV20. Only the lightmeter requires
Leica_MP
Alloy
infrared detector. The spectral response of a GaInAs photodiode is shown in Figure 5. GaInAs photodiodes are the preferred choice in the wavelength range
Indium_gallium_arsenide
Integrated circuit customized for a specific task
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Application-specific integrated circuit
Application-specific_integrated_circuit
Microscopy technique for piezoelectric materials
deflection of the probe cantilever is detected through standard split photodiode detector methods and then demodulated by use of a lock-in amplifier (LiA)
Piezoresponse force microscopy
Piezoresponse_force_microscopy
reduction and enhanced image quality. HAD, which is similar to the pinned photodiode, was developed by Yoshiaki Hagiwara's team at Sony between 1975 and 1980
Hole_accumulation_diode
Interferometric technique
lower cost thanks to the absence of collimation optics and external photodiodes. After the development of the classic external interferometric configurations
Self-mixing_interferometry
Digital camera image sensor
photosites that consist of three vertically stacked photodiodes. Each of the three stacked photodiodes has a different spectral sensitivity, allowing it
Foveon_X3_sensor
area. For pixels without microlenses, the fill factor is the ratio of photodiode area to total pixel area, but the use of microlenses increases the effective
Fill_factor_(image_sensor)
Type of resistor whose resistance varies with temperature
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Thermistor
Type of semiconductor laser diode
pumps the other one. VCSEL with longitudinally integrated monitor diode A photodiode is integrated under the back mirror of the VCSEL. VCSEL with transversally
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
Vertical-cavity_surface-emitting_laser
Electronic numeric display device
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Nixie_tube
Light-sensitive gas-filled or vacuum tube
light-sensing applications until some were superseded by photoresistors and photodiodes. J.B. Calvert (2002-01-16). "Electronics 30 - Phototubes". University
Phototube
Two-terminal electronic component
LEDs can also be used as low-efficiency photodiodes in signal applications. An LED may be paired with a photodiode or phototransistor in the same package
Diode
Amateur radio satellite launched in 2006
7 + APD (Cubical Tokyo Tech Engineering satellite 1.7 plus Avalanche Photodiode) or CO-56 (Cubesat-Oscar-56) or just OSCAR 56 was an amateur radio satellite
CUTE-1.7_+_APD
Digital imaging circuit
carriers could be transferred from the photodiode to the CCD. This led to their invention of the pinned photodiode, a photodetector structure with low lag
Charge-coupled_device
the membrane is detected by a photodiode, and motion of the membrane produces a change in the signal on the photodiode. The concept was originally described
Golay_cell
Weak electric current generated by photosensitive devices in pure darkness
flows through photosensitive devices such as a photomultiplier tube, photodiode, or charge-coupled device even when no photons enter the device; it consists
Dark_current_(physics)
Type of computer disk storage drive
the mirror is the main photodiode that senses the beam reflected off the disc. Above the main photodiode is a second photodiode that is used to sense and
Optical_disc_drive
Type of destructive chromatography detector
illuminates them and they scatter it. The scattered light proceeds to a photodiode which converts it to a signal, which is proportional to the mass of the
Evaporative light scattering detector
Evaporative_light_scattering_detector
Electric current through a photosensitive device
Photocurrent is the electric current through a photosensitive device, such as a photodiode, as the result of exposure to radiant power. The photocurrent may occur
Photocurrent
Use of light in the visible spectrum as a telecommunication medium
devices is in fact an array of photodiodes (pixels), and in some applications its use may be preferred over a single photodiode. Such a sensor may provide
Visible_light_communication
Branch of electronics involving optics
presence of electric fields. Photoelectric or photovoltaic effect, used in: photodiodes (including solar cells) phototransistors photomultipliers optoisolators
Optoelectronics
Device that detects smoke, typically as an indicator of fire
light-emitting diode (LED)—a lens, and a photoelectric receiver—typically a photodiode. In spot-type detectors, all of these components are arranged inside a
Smoke_detector
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Backward_diode
Pictogram used to represent various electrical and electronic devices or functions
is unidirectional, bottom is bidirectional. LED (Light Emitting Diode) Photodiode Tunnel diode Varicap Shockley diode SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)
Electronic_symbol
Semiconductor light source
infrared LEDs are often used. Opto-isolators use an LED combined with a photodiode or phototransistor to provide a signal path with electrical isolation
Light-emitting_diode
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
List_of_RF_connector_types
Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
contributions to the modeling of impact ionization and noise in avalanche-photodiode devices. "2014 elevated fellow". IEEE Fellows Directory. Archived from
Majeed_Hayat
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
ITFET
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Oxide_thin-film_transistor
Range of spectroscopic analysis
typically a photomultiplier tube, a photodiode, a photodiode array or a charge-coupled device (CCD). Single photodiode detectors and photomultiplier tubes
Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy
Ultraviolet–visible_spectroscopy
Electrical safety device that provides overcurrent protection
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Fuse_(electrical)
Device used to measure power in an optical signal
are usually called radiometers, photometers, laser power meters (can be photodiode sensors or thermopile laser sensors), light meters or lux meters. A typical
Optical_power_meter
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Ballistic deflection transistor
Ballistic_deflection_transistor
Japanese engineer (born 1953)
engineer who researches image sensors, and is known for inventing the pinned photodiode, an important component of modern digital cameras. He was one of four
Nobukazu_Teranishi
Type of very-high-resolution microscopy
spaced photodiodes, whose output signal is collected by a differential amplifier. Angular displacement of the cantilever results in one photodiode collecting
Atomic_force_microscopy
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Metal–insulator–metal_diode
Measurement of atomic transition frequency
as the probe beam. The absorption of the probe beam is recorded on a photodiode for various frequencies of the beams. Although the two beams are at the
Saturated absorption spectroscopy
Saturated_absorption_spectroscopy
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Junctionless nanowire transistor
Junctionless_nanowire_transistor
Input and output device
circuit board from a control panel of a device using an infrared touchscreen, showing the arrays of infrared LEDs and photodiodes used to detect touches
Touchscreen
Multi-transistor electronics configuration
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Darlington_transistor
Device that converts energy from one form to another
without the need of an additional energy source. Such examples are a photodiode, and a piezoelectric sensor, photovoltaic, thermocouple. Some specifications
Transducer
Branch of spectroscopy
depending on its properties. Then it is transmitted back by grating the photodiode array which detects the wavelength region of the spectrum. Since then
Spectrophotometry
Chinese Semiconductor company
uses split-pixel technology. One large photodiode captures a scene using short exposure time. A small photodiode using long exposure simultaneously captures
OmniVision_Technologies
Topics referred to by the same term
optical media format Pure Data, a graphical audio-processing language Photodiode, a semiconductor device that converts light into current Potential difference
PD
Electronic device
technologies as follows: Pen-type readers consist of a light source and photodiode that are placed next to each other at the tip of a pen. To read a barcode
Barcode_reader
Device that prevents a transistor from saturating
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Schottky_transistor
MOSFET that can handle significant power levels
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Power_MOSFET
Electronic component
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Varistor
Field-effect transistor device
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Thin-film_transistor
Video game controller
mouse, turning a chopper wheel that interrupts a light beam detected by a photodiode. Its precision makes it effectively equivalent to a true analog stick
Nintendo_64_controller
1977 35mm single-lens reflex camera
to operate the light meter). The metering system comprises a gallium photodiode (with 60/40% center-weighting) that meters through-the-lens at maximum
Nikon_FM
Instrument for measuring ionizing radiation
photomultiplier tube (PMT), a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, or a photodiode), which converts the light to an electrical signal and electronics to
Scintillation_counter
Type of light sensor
gratings (a diffraction grating and an analyzer grating) above a single photodiode. ASPs exploit the moire effect and the Talbot effect to gain their sinusoidal
Angle-sensitive_pixel
Camera used for electronic motion picture acquisition
2019. Fossum, Eric R.; Hondongwa, D. B. (2014). "A Review of the Pinned Photodiode for CCD and CMOS Image Sensors". IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices
Video_camera
Process in atomic physics
amplified before entering an external electronic circuit. In an avalanche photodiode the original charge carrier is created by the absorption of a photon.
Impact_ionization
Light dependent resistor
extrinsic semiconductor. A photoresistor is less light-sensitive than a photodiode or a phototransistor. The photoresistivity of any photoresistor may vary
Photoresistor
Nonlinear two-terminal fundamental circuit element
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Memristor
Extremely sensitive solid-state photodetector
analog filtering or pulse shaping electronics. Conventional avalanche photodiodes (APDs) also produce an amplified analog current in response to light
Silicon_photomultiplier
Electronic component that exploits the electronic properties of semiconductor materials
Diodes optimized to take advantage of this phenomenon are known as photodiodes. Compound semiconductor diodes can also produce light, as in light-emitting
Semiconductor_device
Uses of science and technology in photography
collects the light on its photographic plate or electronic detector. Photodiodes are back-biased semiconductor diodes, in which an intrinsic layer with
Science_of_photography
electronics over the coming years.[citation needed] Compared to a conventional photodiode, RCE photo detectors can provide higher quantum efficiency, a higher detection
Resonant-cavity-enhanced photo detector
Resonant-cavity-enhanced_photo_detector
Computer input device
directly under the tip of the pen, a photosensitive component such as a photodiode causes a timing signal to be sent to the computer. Using either the known
Light_pen
American developer of vision technology for self-driving cars
next generation of robotaxis. Luminar acquired OptoGration, an avalanche photodiode manufacturer based in Wilmington, Massachusetts, in July 2021. In November
Luminar_Technologies
Electronic comparator circuit with hysteresis
infrared signal ceases to excite the photodiode for longer than a similar known period. Whereas the photodiode is prone to spurious switching due to
Schmitt_trigger
Type of diode
avalanche photodiode is a high-gain photon detector. They are "ideal for use in high-speed, low-light-level applications". The avalanche photodiode is operated
Avalanche_diode
Device for generating microwaves
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Cavity_magnetron
Calcium titanium oxide mineral
17) perovskites (the kind typically found in modern photovoltaics like photodiodes and solar panels). Many different cations can be embedded in this structure
Perovskite
Family of VHF/UHF vacuum tubes
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Acorn_tube
Elementary particle with extremely low mass
and the NOνA detector uses liquid scintillator watched by avalanche photodiodes. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory uses 1 km3 of the Antarctic ice sheet
Neutrino
Optical data storage device
lasers. The target is irradiated with a pulse of laser(s) then a CCD or photodiode wait for an emitted light by the medium due to the fluorescence effect
Hyper_CD-ROM
directly related to the irradiation power (see section 2.1). Unlike photodiodes, thermopile sensors can be used for a broad spectrum of wavelengths ranging
Thermopile_laser_sensor
Electronic device/component that increases the strength of a signal
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Amplifier
Chemical compound
candies by high-performance liquid chromatography using a short column with photodiode array detection". Talanta. 74 (5): 1408–1413. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2007
Acid_orange_20
SNES light gun peripheral
horizontally across each line of the screen from top to bottom. A fast photodiode will see any particular area of the screen illuminated only briefly as
Super_Scope
Autofocus system camera product line
each pixel in the focus area on the primary sensor is split into two photodiodes that can be read independently for autofocus and simultaneously for capture
Canon_EOS
2008 APS-C digital compact camera
Image Sensor Foveon X3 (CMOS with layered photodiodes) Image Sensor Size 20.7 × 13.8mm Number of Pixels 2652 × 1768 × 3 (14.1 million effective pixels
Sigma_DP1
Image sensor format
saturation of the photodiode. Additionally, less noise is generated by adjacent pixels and their emf fields with larger photodiodes or greater spacing
Full-frame_DSLR
Non-destructive chromatography detector measuring UV or visible light absorption
Chromatography Troubleshooting Bible. George, S. A.; Maute, A. (1982). "A photodiode array detection system: Design concept and implementation". Chromatographia
UV_detectors
Brightest star in the constellation Lyra
Cochran, A. L. (1981). "Spectrophotometry with a self-scanned silicon photodiode array. II – Secondary standard stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement
Vega
Taiwanese electronics company
Distributed Feedback Laser Testing Solar Cell Testing PIN photodiode and Avalanche photodiode Testing The company operates a number of engineering service
Chroma_ATE
H4040, the linear silicon photodiode array used in the Thematic Mapper to image the visible bands. Each of the 16 photodiodes is 100 microns square and
Thematic_Mapper
Electrical connection
circuitry, and photodiode from traditional front-side illumination so that the light coming through the lens first hits the photodiode and then the circuitry
Through-silicon_via
Species of flowering plant
constituents in Chinese Angelica by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector". Pharmacognosy Magazine. 9 (34): 114–119. doi:10.4103/0973-1296
Angelica_sinensis
ISO standard
at right angles from the sample. The scattered light is captured by a photodiode, which produces an electronic signal that is converted to a turbidity
ISO_7027
Array of logic gates that are reprogrammable
(LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Photodiode PIN diode p–n diode Tunnel diode Avalanche photodiode (APD) Solar cell Multi-junction solar cell
Field-programmable_gate_array
Transmitting information over optical fiber
semiconductor-based photodiode. Several types of photodiodes include p–n photodiodes, p–i–n photodiodes, and avalanche photodiodes. Metal-semiconductor-metal
Fiber-optic_communication
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